BGuthrie Photos: DC -- Donald W. Reynolds Center -- Portraits

DC -- Donald W. Reynolds Center -- Portraits:

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Copyrights: All pictures were taken by amateur photographer Bruce Guthrie (me!) who retains copyright on them. Free for non-commercial use with attribution. See the [Creative Commons] definition of what this means. "Photos (c) Bruce Guthrie" is fine for attribution. (Commercial use folks including AI scrapers can of course contact me.) Feel free to use in publications and pages with attribution but you don't have permission to sell the photos themselves. A free copy of any printed publication using any photographs is requested. Descriptive text, if any, is from a mixture of sources, quite frequently from signs at the location or from official web sites; copyrights, if any, are retained by their original owners.

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. SIPGPO_210514_01.JPG: Out of Many: Portraits from 1600 to 1900 Since its opening in 1968, the National Portrait Gallery has focused on exhibiting portraits of individuals who have significantly influenced US history and culture. Out of Many: Portraits from 1600 to 1900 includes portraits of Indigenous Americans, European colonists, clergymen, soldiers, writers, performers, scientists, and others who helped shape the country. A permanent exhibitions dedicated to America's Presidents is located on the second floor, while the galleries on the third floor highlight portraits of Americans who have lived in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Portraiture -- particularly before the advent of photography in 1839 -- reflects the reality of unequal economic and social structures. While visiting these first-floor galleries, you will find that the portraits of wealthy, powerful people greatly outnumber those without such status. There are more images of men than of women and more pictures of people of European descent than those of other backgrounds. The National Portrait Gallery acknowledges this imbalance and is constantly striving to diversify its collection in order to present a more comprehensive story of our nation. As you view Out of Many, we encourage you to consider the lives of these complex subjects and the ways that society and portraiture have changed since the seventeenth century.
2. SIPGPO_210514_05.JPG: Out of Many: Portraits from 1600 to 1900 is generously supported by Ann S. and Samuel M. Mencoff.
3. SIPGPO_210521_06.JPG: They were rehanging the Struggle for Justice exhibit.
4. SIPGPO_210521_07.JPG: Helen Hayes, 1900-1993 Born Washington, D.C. As the "First Lady of the American Theater," Helen Hayes won international esteem for a career that spanned eight decades on stage and in films, radio, and television. She won an Academy Award for best actress for her first film, The Sin of Madelon Claudet (1931), and went on to appear in such major pictures as A Farewell to Arms (1932) and Anastasia (1956). Yet she always considered the stage her real home: after debuting on Broadway at the age of nine in Old Dutch (1909), she starred in hit productions of Caesar and Cleopatra (1925) and Mary of Scotland (1933). Victoria Regina (1935), which ran for 969 performances, was probably her most famous role. The Sunday Herald Tribune published this likeness of Hayes by Eric Pape when she appeared in the Irish drama Mr. Gilhooley (1930). The Helen Hayes Award for theater in Washington, D.C., is named in her honor. Eric Pape, 1930
5. SIPGPO_210521_14.JPG: Paul Robeson, 1898-1976 Born Princeton, New Jersey The all-American athlete and world-renowned theater and film actor, singer, and human rights activist Paul Robeson held a commanding presence in multiple arenas. Acutely aware of injustices imposed on African Americans and other populations worldwide, Robeson condemned racism at home and abroad. McCarthyists targeted him during the early 1950s because he supported left-wing causes. Despite the revocation of his passport and the boycott of his performances, he continued his work as a singer and activist until his death in 1976. Robeson played the lead role in Eugene O'Neill's The Emperor Jones beginning in 1925. That year, Mabel Dwight painted him in character as Brutus Jones, a former Pullman porter who became the ruler of a West Indian island. This lithograph references that earlier work. Mabel Dwight, 1930
6. SIPGPO_210521_24.JPG: Mary Pickford, 1892-1979 Born Toronto, Canada In the early twentieth century, Mary Pickford was arguably the most famous woman in the world. Known as "America's sweetheart," she starred in popular films like Tess of the Storm Country (1914) and Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm (1917). Yet Pickford was also a shrewd businessperson who cofounded United Artists in 1919 and the Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Sciences in 1927. Born Gladys Smith in Toronto, Pickford came to the United States with her family in 1901. Before she began appearing in movies, she worked with Broadway impresario David Belasco, who recommended she change her name to Mary Pickford. From 1913 to 1919, she was the leading female silent film star. Pickford led the Hollywood war effort during World War I, selling bonds and making such films as Johanna Enlists (1918). An honorary colonel, her character exhorted departing troops: "And don't you come back ‘til you've taken the germ out of Germany!" Sven Brasch, 1921
7. SIPGPO_210521_34.JPG: Patria Irene Foote Castle, 1893-1969 Born New Rochelle, New York One of the most popular dancers of the early twentieth century, Irene Foote Castle entered motion pictures as the star of the World War I drama Patria (1917). Prior to her acclaim as a screen actor, she and her husband Vernon Castle were widely known for their performance in Irving Berlin's musical Watch Your Step, which appeared at the height of a dance craze in the United States. The couple popularized African American music among their well-heeled white followers, as their dances were often set to jazz and ragtime. Irene was also an iconic fashion figure, introducing the "bob" haircut worn by flappers in the 1920s. Vernon, who was a military flying instructor, died in an airplane accident in 1918, just before the end of World War I. Irene married three more times, continuing to make a name for herself in film. She spent her later years advocating for animal rights. Unidentified artist, 1917
8. SIPGPO_210521_44.JPG: Isabel Bishop, 1902-1988 Born Cincinnati, Ohio Isabel Bishop moved to New York City in 1918 to work as an illustrator and was immediately captivated by the population's energy. From her studio in Union Square, she observed the everyday comings and goings of shop girls and laborers on Fourteenth Street and recorded her subjects in a style that is at once starkly realistic and sympathetic. Her career spanned several decades, and her paintings cover such historic events as the Great Depression and the student war protests. Bishop was the first woman to hold a full-time teaching position at the Art Students League (1936– 1937) and the first to be appointed to an executive position at the National Institute of Arts and Letters (1946). This portrait is one of several caricatures of artists by Isabella Howland, who often crossed paths with Bishop. Both studied at the Art Students League, and both exhibited at some of the same places, such as the Whitney Studio Club. Isabella Howland, c 1945-50
9. SIPGPO_210521_49.JPG: Jack Johnson, 1878-1946 Born Galveston, Texas Jack Johnson became the first African American to earn boxing's heavyweight title in 1908. Known for a style that combined power, balance, and looseness, Johnson's victory made him a hero to the Black community but sparked outrage among many others who found it impossible to accept a Black man as champion. Defying Jim Crow segregation, Johnson married white women three times and opened a restaurant and night club. Accused of accompanying a white woman over state lines in 1913, he fled the United States. Seven years later, he turned himself in to the police and served ten months in prison. In June 1946, angry at being refused service in a diner because of his race, Johnson lost control of his speeding convertible and died. President Donald Trump granted Johnson a posthumous pardon, in 2018, for what historians have long recognized a racially motivated false conviction. Today, Johnson is recognized as one of the greatest boxers in U.S. history. Paul Thompson, c 1910
10. SIPGPO_210521_59.JPG: Madam C.J. Walker, 1867-1919 Born Delta, Louisiana One of the most successful African American entrepreneurs of the early twentieth century, Madam C. J. Walker created a line of phenomenally popular hair care and beauty products that fueled a business empire. In 1905, after devising a restorative formula that was used in combination with her improved steel hot comb to treat thinning and damaged hair, she began marketing her products and beauty regimen to the black community. During a troubled period in the history of race relations in America, Walker built a lucrative enterprise that employed thousands in the manufacture and sale of her beauty aids. By the time of her death, she was reputed to be the first self-made female African American millionaire. The Guinness Book of World Records also recognizes her as "the first woman to earn a personal fortune of more than $1 million." This portrait, by famed African American photographer Addison N. Scurlock, became Walker's trademark image. It was featured on her product packaging and used extensively in her advertising. Addison N. Scurlock, c 1914 Gift of A'Lelia Bundles / Walker Family
11. SIPGPO_210521_68.JPG: Margaret Bourke-White, 1904-1971 Born Bronx, New York When news photographer Margaret Bourke-White went to Philippe Halsman's studio in 1943 to have this likeness made, she specified that the image should have a sleek, glamorous edge. At that moment, however, her fame rested on accomplishments that were decidedly more gritty than glamorous, namely her many coups in covering the fronts of World War II for Life. In June 1941, she was the only foreign photographer to document the German air raids over Moscow. Then, when she was on her way to cover the African front, a German submarine torpedoed the ship she was on, and she recorded fellow passengers as they scrambled for survival. A few months later, Bourke-White became the first woman allowed on a combat flying mission. She also photographed the liberation of the concentration camp in Buchenwald, Germany, at the end of the war. Philippe Halsman, 1943
12. SIPGPO_210521_76.JPG: Diego Rivera, 1886-1957 Guillermo Zamora, c 1949
13. SIPGPO_210521_83.JPG: Frida Kahlo, 1907-1954 Born Mexico City, Mexico Since the late 1970s Frida Kahlo has emerged as one of the foremost twentieth-century practitioners of the art of portraiture. Mexican artist Diego Rivera was an early supporter of her work, and the couple married in 1929. While Rivera worked on large-scale history murals, Kahlo's work was both intimate in scale and subject matter. These qualities stemmed partly from her lifelong health challenges after a streetcar accident that occurred when she was eighteen. Through her self-portraits she expressed her physical and emotional pain, as well as her fluid identity as a politically engaged, modern, cosmopolitan woman and heir to Mexico's indigenous traditions. For her championing of personal experience and identity as valid art subjects, Kahlo is a cultural icon for feminists, gays, and U.S. Latinos, among others. Magda Pach, wife of writer and artist Walter Pach, was one of the American establishment figures who fervently supported Mexican art in the United States during the 1920s and 1930s. Magda Pach, 1933
14. SIPGPO_210521_94.JPG: Richmond Barthé, 1901-1989 Born Bay St. Louis, Mississippi The Harmon Foundation, a philanthropic organization based in New York City and active from 1922 to 1967, included this portrait in its exhibition "Portraits of Outstanding Americans of Negro Origin." To demonstrate its goal of social equality and document noteworthy African Americans' contributions to the country, the foundation had sought portraits from an African American artist, Laura Wheeler Waring, and a Euro-American artist, Betsy Graves Reyneau. The exhibition toured the country for ten years. By 1946, sculptor Richmond Barthé was very well-known in New York City. Reyneau depicted him in his studio with a figure of Jesus Christ titled Come Unto Me. When he completed the work in 1947, Barthé donated it to St. Jude's Church in Montgomery, Alabama. Betsy Graves Reyneau, 1946
15. SIPGPO_210723_005.JPG: The Struggle for Justice
16. SIPGPO_210723_010.JPG: Earl Warren, 1891-1974 Born Los Angeles, California As Chief Justice of the United States (1953–69), Earl Warren played a pivotal role in crafting a series of landmark rulings by the Supreme Court during a period of tremendous social change. A former Republican vice presidential candidate (1948), who served previously as California's attorney general (1939–43) and governor (1943–53), Warren was named to the Court by President Dwight D. Eisenhower and joined that body as it wrestled with Brown v. Board of Education. The justices were deeply divided over the case, which challenged the constitutionality of public-school segregation. But Warren brought them together in 1954 to forge a unanimous opinion, which held that "in the field of public education, the doctrine of ‘separate but equal' has no place." In subsequent ground-breaking rulings, the Warren Court struck down race-based restrictions to voting (1966), marriage (1967), and housing (1968); it also barred state-sanctioned prayer in public schools (1961) and enumerated the "Miranda rights" of those under arrest (1966). Yousuf Karsh, 1955
17. SIPGPO_210723_025.JPG: Esther Schmoe, 1924-2012 Gordon Hirabayashi, 1918-2012 Chi Sun Den, 1944 Gordon Hirabayashi From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Gordon Kiyoshi Hirabayashi (April 23, 1918 – January 2, 2012) was an American sociologist, best known for his principled resistance to the Japanese American internment during World War II, and the court case which bears his name, Hirabayashi v. United States.
18. SIPGPO_210723_028.JPG: Eleanor Roosevelt, 1884-1962 Bernard Tadeusz Frydrysiak, 1946 Eleanor Roosevelt From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Anna Eleanor Roosevelt (October 11, 1884 – November 7, 1962) was an American political figure, diplomat and activist. She served as the first lady of the United States from March 4, 1933, to April 12, 1945, during her husband President Franklin D. Roosevelt's four terms in office, making her the longest-serving first lady of the United States. Roosevelt served as United States Delegate to the United Nations General Assembly from 1945 to 1952. President Harry S. Truman later called her the "First Lady of the World" in tribute to her human rights achievements. Roosevelt was a member of the prominent American Roosevelt and Livingston families and a niece of President Theodore Roosevelt. She had an unhappy childhood, having suffered the deaths of both parents and one of her brothers at a young age. At 15, she attended Allenswood Boarding Academy in London and was deeply influenced by its headmistress Marie Souvestre. Returning to the U.S., she married her fifth cousin once removed, Franklin Delano Roosevelt, in 1905. The Roosevelts' marriage was complicated from the beginning by Franklin's controlling mother, Sara, and after Eleanor discovered her husband's affair with Lucy Mercer in 1918, she resolved to seek fulfillment in leading a public life of her own. She persuaded Franklin to stay in politics after he was stricken with a paralytic illness in 1921, which cost him the normal use of his legs, and began giving speeches and appearing at campaign events in his place. Following Franklin's election as Governor of New York in 1928, and throughout the remainder of Franklin's public career in government, Roosevelt regularly made public appearances on his behalf; and as First Lady, while her husband served as president, she significantly reshaped and redefined the role. Though widely respected in her later years, Roosevelt was a controversial first lady at the time for her outspokenness, particularly on civil rights for African-Americans. She was the first presidential spouse to hold regular press conferences, write a daily newspaper column, write a monthly magazine column, host a weekly radio show, and speak at a national party convention. On a few occasions, she publicly disagreed with her husband's policies. She launched an experimental community at Arthurdale, West Virginia, for the families of unemployed miners, later widely regarded as a failure. She advocated for expanded roles for women in the workplace, the civil rights of African Americans and Asian Americans, and the rights of World War II refugees. Following her husband's death in 1945, Roosevelt remained active in politics for the remaining 17 years of her life. She pressed the United States to join and support the United Nations and became its first delegate. She served as the first chair of the UN Commission on Human Rights and oversaw the drafting of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Later, she chaired the John F. Kennedy administration's Presidential Commission on the Status of Women. By the time of her death, Roosevelt was regarded as "one of the most esteemed women in the world"; The New York Times called her "the object of almost universal respect" in an obituary. In 1999, she was ranked ninth in the top ten of Gallup's List of Most Widely Admired People of the 20th Century, and was listed thirteen times as the most admired woman between 1948 and 1961
19. SIPGPO_210723_037.JPG: Paul Robeson (1898–1976) Born Princeton, New Jersey A celebrated dramatic actor and concert artist, Paul Robeson was also a strong voice in the struggle for racial equality. Encouraged by the professional opportunities and broader acceptance afforded him in Europe, he spent much of his early career performing abroad. When he returned to the United States, he spoke out forcefully against the injustices he encountered. His conviction that socialism could produce a more just society put him at odds with a rising tide of conservatism in post-World War II America. Cast as "un-American," Robeson was effectively blacklisted for the remainder of his life. Jacob Epstein (1880–1959) Bronze, 1928
20. SIPGPO_210723_048.JPG: The Struggle for Justice The history of American democracy has been one of increasing participation and inclusiveness. America transformed itself from thirteen states along the narrow line of the eastern seaboard, governed by elites, to a vast country governed by a large and heterogeneous population. One of the great achievements of this past century was a series of successful campaigns to strike down long-standing segregationist practices and discrimination in American society. While these changes ultimately became enacted in the nation's courts and legislatures, the struggle to secure them was principally fought where intolerance reigned. As such, the nation's polls, buses, schools, and countless other places became battlegrounds in the crusade for equal rights. The figures represented in this exhibition were important catalysts during a period that witnessed historic changes concerning the status of women; Native Americans, Latino Americans, and other ethnic groups; LGBT individuals; and persons with disabilities. Most striking perhaps was the progress achieved by African Americans. Although born in an earlier century, the civil rights struggle reached a crescendo in the 1950s and 1960s. Its triumphs recast the contours of American society and contributed to ongoing campaigns being waged to bring equal opportunity to all Americans. Although not without setbacks, this expanding inclusiveness continues to be the defining characteristic of American democracy.
21. SIPGPO_210723_063.JPG: Carrie Chapman Catt (1859–1947) Born Ripon, Wisconsin Carrie Chapman Catt's organizational talents are credited with making the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) an effective force in winning the struggle for women's right to vote. In NAWSA, she worked with such leaders as Susan B. Anthony to win the franchise state by state and also for a constitutional amendment. Initially condemning America's flood of immigrants, whom she believed were influenced by their paternalistic Old World cultures to vote against women's suffrage, Catt eventually discarded such xenophobic simplifications, founded the International Woman Suffrage Alliance, and became a crusader for internationalism and world peace. In 1900, she replaced Anthony as president of NAWSA and was again elected president in 1915, leading the organization during the successful passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in 1920, which guaranteed women the right to vote. Mary Eliot Foote (1872–1968) Oil on canvas, 1927 Gift of the National American Woman Suffrage Association through Mrs. Carrie Chapman Catt
22. SIPGPO_210723_068.JPG: J. Rosamond Johnson, 1873-1954 White Studio, 1912 J. Rosamond Johnson From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia John Rosamond Johnson (August 11, 1873 – November 11, 1954, usually referred to as J. Rosamond Johnson) was an American composer and singer during the Harlem Renaissance. Born in Jacksonville, Florida, he had much of his career in New York City. Johnson is noted as the composer of the hymn "Lift Every Voice and Sing". It was first performed live by 500 Black American students from the segregated Stanton School (elementary/middle/junior high-level), Jacksonville, Florida, in 1900. The song was published by Joseph W. Stern & Co., Manhattan, New York (later the Edward B. Marks Music Company). J. Rosamond Johnson was the younger brother of poet and activist James Weldon Johnson, who wrote the lyrics for "Lift Every Voice and Sing". The two also worked together in causes related to the NAACP.
23. SIPGPO_210723_076.JPG: Mary McLeod Bethune, 1875-1955 Born Mayesville, South Carolina The fifteenth of seventeen children born to her formerly enslaved parents, Mary McLeod Bethune believed deeply in education as the main route out of poverty for herself and other African Americans. In 1904, she founded the Daytona Normal and Industrial Institute -- a school for Black girls in Daytona, Florida. By 1929, that institution had blossomed into Bethune-Cookman College. Perhaps Bethune's greatest impact came in the mid-1930s with her service as a director for the National Youth Administration, a New Deal agency established to aid jobless African American youth during the Depression. She leveraged her position to speak out powerfully against racial discrimination throughout the federal government. When President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued an executive order in 1941 requiring equal consideration for African Americans seeking jobs in the government and in the nation's defense industries, there was little doubt that Bethune's lobbying had played a major role in bringing it about. Winold Reiss, c 1925
24. SIPGPO_210723_087.JPG: Dustin Lance Black, born 1974 Louis Briel, 2012 Dustin Lance Black From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Dustin Lance Black (born June 10, 1974) is an American screenwriter, director, film and television producer, and LGBT rights activist. Black is a founding board member of the American Foundation for Equal Rights and writer of 8, a staged reenactment of the federal trial that led to a federal court's overturn of California's Proposition 8.
25. SIPGPO_210723_094.JPG: Antonia Pantoja, 1922-2002 Manny Vega, 2014 Antonia Pantoja From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Antonia Pantoja (September 13, 1922 – May 24, 2002), was a Puerto Rican educator, social worker, feminist, civil rights leader and the founder of ASPIRA, the Puerto Rican Forum, Boricua College and Producir. In 1996, she was the first Puerto Rican woman to receive the American Presidential Medal of Freedom.
26. SIPGPO_210723_104.JPG: Martin Luther King Jr. (1929–1968) Born Atlanta, Georgia In the 1950s and 1960s, Martin Luther King personified the struggle for African American equality and justice. King's synthesis of Christian theology and its message of a supporting and loving God, together with Mahatma Gandhi's tactics of nonviolent protest, became the defining features of the civil rights movement. In 1963, King focused the nation's attention on the African American struggle by leading a massive civil rights protest in Birmingham, Alabama, and helping to organize the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom on August 28, 1963, for which he delivered his historic "I Have a Dream" speech. Joseph Stein (1916–1977), bronze, 1969 Gift of Lester F. Avnet
27. SIPGPO_210723_112.JPG: George Takei, born 1937 Grav Weldon, 2013 George Takei From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia George Takei (born Hosato Takei, April 20, 1937) is an American actor and activist. He is internationally known for his role as Hikaru Sulu, helmsman of the fictional starship USS Enterprise in the television series Star Trek and subsequent films. Takei was born to Japanese-American immigrants, with whom he lived in U.S.-run internment camps during World War II. He began pursuing acting in college, which led in 1965 to the role of Sulu, to which he returned periodically into the 1990s. Upon coming out as gay in 2005, he became a prominent proponent of LGBT rights and active in state and local politics. He has been a vocal advocate of the rights of immigrants, in part through his work on the 2012 Broadway show Allegiance about the internment experience. He has won several awards and accolades for his work on human rights and Japan–United States relations, including his work with the Japanese American National Museum in Los Angeles, California.
28. SIPGPO_210723_124.JPG: Dennis Banks, 1937-2017 Russell Means, 1939-2012 Clyde H. Bellecourt, born 1936 Cheryl Walsh Bellville, 1971 Dennis Banks From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Dennis Banks (Ojibwe, April 12, 1937 – October 29, 2017) was a Native American activist, teacher, and author. He was a longtime leader of the American Indian Movement, which he co-founded in Minneapolis, Minnesota in 1968 to represent urban Indians. Russell Means From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Russell Charles Means (November 10, 1939 – October 22, 2012) was an Oglala Lakota activist for the rights of Native Americans, libertarian political activist, actor, writer and musician. He became a prominent member of the American Indian Movement (AIM) after joining the organization in 1968 and helped organize notable events that attracted national and international media coverage. Means was active in international issues of indigenous peoples, including working with groups in Central and South America and with the United Nations for recognition of their rights. He was active in politics at his native Pine Ridge Indian Reservation and at the state and national level. Beginning an acting career in 1992, he appeared on numerous television series and in several films, including The Last of the Mohicans and Pocahontas and released his own music CD. Means published his autobiography Where White Men Fear to Tread in 1995. Clyde Bellecourt From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Clyde Howard Bellecourt (born May 8, 1936, White Earth Ojibwe) is a civil rights organizer noted for co-founding the American Indian Movement (AIM) in Minneapolis, Minnesota in 1968 with Dennis Banks, Eddie Benton-Banai, and George Mitchell. His older brother, the late Vernon Bellecourt, was also active. Under Bellecourt's leadership, AIM raised awareness of tribal issues related to the federal government, monitored police harassment in Minneapolis, created welfare programs for urban Indians, and founded Indian 'survival schools' in the Twin Cities to teach children life skills and to help them learn their traditional cultures. He initiated the Trail of Broken Treaties, a long march to Washington, DC in 1972 to serve as a first step to renegotiating federal-tribal nations' treaties and relations. In addition, he founded non-profit groups to undertake economic development to benefit Native Americans. His Ojibwe name is Nee-gon-we-way-we-dun, which means "Thunder Before the Storm."
29. SIPGPO_210723_130.JPG: Ona Kingbird and student Cheryl Walsh Bellville, c 1972
30. SIPGPO_210723_139.JPG: "Freedom is life, and freedom is rooted in democracy; and we owe it to our children and grandchildren to pass on this love of freedom and the means to preserve it." -- Paul Beck This gallery is named in honor of Paul Beck -- who has long appreciated how crucial civic engagement is our democracy -- to commend his service and generosity to the National Portrait Gallery.
31. SIPGPO_210723_143.JPG: Charlayne Hunter-Gault (b. 1942) Born Due West, South Caroline In January 1961, after a two-year legal battle, Charlayne Hunter-Gault and fellow student Hamilton Holmes walked resolutely onto the University of Georgia campus as the first African American students to enroll at the previously all-white university. Within forty-eight hours of their arrival, students were rioting outside of Hunter-Gault's dormitory and hurling bricks and bottles through her window. Hunter-Gault and Holmes were suspended, ostensibly for their safety. They returned under a new court order, and as Hunter-Gault states, they were "determined as ever to stay the course." This portrait by Joseph Schwarz, an art professor who helped organize a faculty resolution to reinstate the suspended students, captures Hunter-Gault's detached determination -- a quality that helped see her through a tension-filled education at the University of Georgia, and to which she attributes her subsequent success. Hunter-Gault is an award-winning journalist and foreign correspondent who has worked for media outlets such as the New York Times, PBS, NPR, and CNN. Joseph Schwarz (born 1938) Oil on canvas, 1961
32. SIPGPO_210723_147.JPG: Kate MIllet, 1934-2017 Fred McDarrah, 1970 Kate Millett From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Katherine Murray Millett (September 14, 1934 – September 6, 2017) was an American feminist writer, educator, artist, and activist. She attended Oxford University and was the first American woman to be awarded a degree with first-class honors after studying at St Hilda's College, Oxford. She has been described as "a seminal influence on second-wave feminism", and is best known for her book Sexual Politics (1970), which was based on her doctoral dissertation at Columbia University. Journalist Liza Featherstone attributes the attainment of previously unimaginable "legal abortion, greater professional equality between the sexes, and a sexual freedom" in part to Millett's efforts. The feminist, human rights, peace, civil rights, and anti-psychiatry movements were some of Millett's principal causes. Her books were motivated by her activism, such as woman's rights and mental health reform, and several were autobiographical memoirs that explored her sexuality, mental health, and relationships. In the 1960s and 1970s, Millett taught at Waseda University, Bryn Mawr College, Barnard College, and the University of California, Berkeley. Some of her later written works are The Politics of Cruelty (1994), about state-sanctioned torture in many countries, and Mother Millett (2001), a book about her relationship with her mother. Between 2011 and 2013, she won the Lambda Pioneer Award for Literature, received Yoko Ono's Courage Award for the Arts, and was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame. Millett was born and raised in Minnesota, and then spent most of her adult life in Manhattan and the Woman's Art Colony, established in Poughkeepsie, New York, which became the Millett Center for the Arts in 2012. Millett came out as a lesbian in 1970, the year the book Sexual Politics was published. However, late in the year 1970 she came out as bisexual. She was married to a sculptor Fumio Yoshimura (1965 to 1985) and later, until her death in 2017, she was married to Sophie Keir.
33. SIPGPO_210723_162.JPG: Robert Dole (b. 1923) Born Russell, Kansas When President George H. W. Bush signed the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) into law on July 16, 1990, Senator Robert Dole hailed the enactment of this historic civil rights legislation. His commitment to the ADA and its goal of ending "the unjustified segregation and exclusion of persons with disabilities from the mainstream of American life," was rooted in personal experience. While serving with the army during World War II, Dole suffered catastrophic injuries that left him without the use of his right arm. Thereafter, he identified with the disability community. During his tenure in the U.S. Senate (1969–96), Dole supported a number of key pieces of disabilities rights legislation. Among these was the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, which prohibits discrimination "on the basis of disability in programs conducted by federal agencies, in programs receiving federal financial assistance, in federal employment, and in the employment practices of federal contractors." Arthur Grace, 1988
34. SIPGPO_210723_183.JPG: Albert Einstein (1879–1955) Born Ulm, Germany Theoretical physicist Albert Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921. Less well known is the fact that he was an influential civil rights activist. In 1946, Einstein worked closely with Paul Robeson on an anti-lynching campaign. Later, he and his wife welcomed Marian Anderson into their home after she was denied lodging at the Nassau Inn in Princeton, New Jersey, due to her skin color. Regarding racism in the U.S., Einstein observed, "The more I feel an American, the more this situation pains me. I can escape the feeling of complicity in it only by speaking out." Jo Davidson (1883–1952) Terra-cotta, c. 1934 Gift of Dr. Maury Leibovitz
35. SIPGPO_210723_192.JPG: Fab 5 Freddy Fred Brathwaite, born 1959 Between the late 1970s and the early 2000s, hip-hop developed from a New York City urban subculture of African American and Puerto Rican youth into a powerful industry that had become the most widely listened-to music genre internationally. Fred Brathwaite, aka Fab 5 Freddy, was instrumental to this process. Coming out of the street art scene during the 1970s, which included luminaries like Jean-Michel Basquiat and Keith Haring, Brathwaite derived his nickname from his association with the Fabulous 5 graffiti group that painted the sides of the city's subways. Through graffiti exhibitions that he curated in the galleries and rock clubs of downtown Manhattan, Fab 5 Freddy helped connect street culture with the city's art scene. In 1988 he became the host of MTV's first foray into rap: Yo! MTV Raps. Jane Dickson painted this portrait in 1982, the same year she co-produced the hip-hop cult movie Wild Style with Fab 5 Freddy and Charlie Ahearn. Jane Dickson, 1982
36. SIPGPO_210723_209.JPG: Gregory Hines, 1946-2003 Born New York City Widely acknowledged as the greatest tap dancer of his day, Gregory Hines revitalized the genre and inspired a new generation of performers, including Savion Glover. Hines's dancing career began when he was a child, performing with his brother and his father in an act billed as Hines, Hines, and Dad. He later recalled, "I don't remember not dancing. When I realized I was alive . . . and I could walk and talk, I could dance." Beginning in the late 1970s, Hines found success on Broadway, headlining shows such as Eubie! (1978), Sophisticated Ladies (1981), and Jelly's Last Jam, for which he received the 1992 Tony Award for best actor in a musical. His onscreen performances included leading roles in The Cotton Club (1984) and White Nights (1985), with Mikhail Baryshnikov. Proudly asserting, "Tap is the American dance," Hines embraced the genre's historic roots even though he was always "search[ing] for the new step." Robert Mapplethrope, 1985
37. SIPGPO_210723_212.JPG: Tomb II, 1998-1999 Gregory Gillespie
38. SIPGPO_211016_01.JPG: Ray Year 2020 II: The Last Dandelion Hung Liu, 1948-2021
39. SIPGPO_211016_20.JPG: Frances Wright, 1795-1852 Born Dundee, Scotland As a young girl in Scotland, Frances Wright developed an intense admiration for the Declaration of Independence. The document inspired her lifelong commitment to social reform and prompted her to encourage the United States to live up to its democratic ideals. Her book Views of Society and Manners in America (1821) praised the positive effects of liberty and freedom while denouncing the injustice of slavery. After becoming a United States citizen in 1825, Wright purchased several hundred acres in Tennessee and established Nashoba, a utopian community devoted to racial and gender equality, where enslaved men and women could receive education and training while working to earn their freedom. When the experiment failed after five years, Wright resettled the commune's thirty residents in Haiti. Always one to defy convention, she later traveled around the country, delivering lectures that advocated for women's rights, liberalized divorce laws, birth control, state-sponsored education, and the abolition of capital punishment. Nagel & Weingaertner Lithography Company, c 1852
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