BGuthrie Photos: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- History: Civil War

MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- History: Civil War:

Bruce Guthrie Photos Home Page: [Click here] to go to Bruce Guthrie Photos home page.

Recognize anyone? If you recognize specific folks (or other stuff) and I haven't labeled them, please identify them for the world. Click the little pencil icon

underneath the file name (just above the picture). Spammers need not apply.

Slide Show: Want to see the pictures as a slide show? [Slideshow]

Copyrights: All pictures were taken by amateur photographer Bruce Guthrie (me!) who retains copyright on them. Free for non-commercial use with attribution. See the [Creative Commons] definition of what this means. "Photos (c) Bruce Guthrie" is fine for attribution. (Commercial use folks including AI scrapers can of course contact me.) Feel free to use in publications and pages with attribution but you don't have permission to sell the photos themselves. A free copy of any printed publication using any photographs is requested. Descriptive text, if any, is from a mixture of sources, quite frequently from signs at the location or from official web sites; copyrights, if any, are retained by their original owners.

Help? The Medium (Email) links are for screen viewing and emailing. You'll want bigger sizes for printing. [Click here for additional help]

Share: Facebook Twitter Digg
[1] NAMUCW_110130_001.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[2] NAMUCW_110130_019.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[3] NAMUCW_110130_027.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[4] NAMUCW_110130_033.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[5] NAMUCW_110130_038.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[6] NAMUCW_110130_046.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[7] NAMUCW_110130_053.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[8] NAMUCW_110130_056.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[9] NAMUCW_110130_060.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[10] NAMUCW_110130_068.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[11] NAMUCW_110130_069.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[12] NAMUCW_110130_083.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[13] NAMUCW_110130_091.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[14] NAMUCW_110130_096.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[15] NAMUCW_110130_103.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[16] NAMUCW_110130_107.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[17] NAMUCW_110130_117.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[18] NAMUCW_110130_123.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[19] NAMUCW_110130_127.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[20] NAMUCW_110130_140.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[21] NAMUCW_110130_146.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[22] NAMUCW_110130_151.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[23] NAMUCW_110130_155.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[24] NAMUCW_110130_162.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[25] NAMUCW_110130_168.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[26] NAMUCW_110130_173.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[27] NAMUCW_110130_174.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[28] NAMUCW_110130_178.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[29] NAMUCW_110130_190.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[30] NAMUCW_110130_191.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[31] NAMUCW_110130_200.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[32] NAMUCW_110130_203.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[33] NAMUCW_110130_215.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[34] NAMUCW_110130_221.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[35] NAMUCW_110130_230.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[36] NAMUCW_110130_237.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[37] NAMUCW_110130_239.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[38] NAMUCW_110130_248.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[39] NAMUCW_110130_256.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[40] NAMUCW_110130_259.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[41] NAMUCW_110130_266.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[42] NAMUCW_110130_271.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[43] NAMUCW_110130_276.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[44] NAMUCW_110130_283.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[45] NAMUCW_110130_291.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[46] NAMUCW_110130_297.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[47] NAMUCW_110130_301.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[48] NAMUCW_110130_312.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[49] NAMUCW_110130_326.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[50] NAMUCW_110130_341.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[51] NAMUCW_110130_349.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[52] NAMUCW_110130_361.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[53] NAMUCW_110130_365.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[54] NAMUCW_110130_372.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[55] NAMUCW_110130_382.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[56] NAMUCW_110130_388.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[57] NAMUCW_110130_394.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[58] NAMUCW_110130_400.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[59] NAMUCW_110130_406.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[60] NAMUCW_110130_427.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[61] NAMUCW_110130_436.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[62] NAMUCW_110130_446.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[63] NAMUCW_110130_458.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[64] NAMUCW_110130_459.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[65] NAMUCW_110130_465.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[66] NAMUCW_110130_471.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[67] NAMUCW_110130_475.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[68] NAMUCW_110130_483.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[69] NAMUCW_110130_489.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[70] NAMUCW_110130_493.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[71] NAMUCW_110130_498.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[72] NAMUCW_110206_04.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[73] NAMUCW_110206_10.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[74] NAMUCW_110206_15.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[75] NAMUCW_110206_18.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[76] NAMUCW_110206_23.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[77] NAMUCW_110206_30.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[78] NAMUCW_110206_43.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)

Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. NAMUCW_110130_001.JPG: Civil War Coasts, Rivers & Raiders A divided nation meant two opposing navies. The Union Navy blockaded the Confederacy's coasts and occupied the Mississippi River to cut off the South's supplies and communications. The Confederacy used innovative tools to keep its ports open, while attacking the Union's maritime commerce. This was the first war that involved Naval Academy graduates; they fought on both sides of the conflict. Few achieved command, but many would mold the Navy later. 1861-1865 A Navy Divided: Following the bombardment of Fort Sumter and the secession of the Southern states, the Navy split along sectional lines; many officers "going south" to serve the new Confederate States Navy. The Confederacy employed the classic strategies of small navies: attack the enemy's commerce, keep its ports open, and use innovative weapons. The Union's big navy strategy sought to strangle the South by blockading Southern coasts and rivers while protecting its maritime commerce. But, the Union Navy entered the war with fewer than fifty ships. Driven by Gideon Welles, the Navy dramatically expanded, and by the end of the war more than 670 vessels sailed under the Union charge. Coastal Blockade: A major objective of the Union Navy was to purchase and build enough vessels to blockade the southern coast. One by one, Union squadrons seized Confederate ports on the Atlantic and Gulf coasts. While never complete, the blockade gradually cut the amount of supplies that Confederate blockade runners could bring into the southern states. Charleston Harbor -- April 1862 - September 1863: As the origin and heart of the secession movement, Charleston, South Carolina, was a very desirable target for the Union. After Flag Officer Samuel Du Pont seized Port Royal, Secretary Welles urged him to repeat the task with Charleston. After one effort on April 6, 1862, in which the monitor Keokuik was hit 90 times and sank, Du Pont refused to try again. In July, he was replaced by John Dahlgren. Capture of New Orleans -- April 1862: Union strategy called for the occupation of the Mississippi River. New Orleans, at the southern end of the river, was the busiest port in the South. Its capture would be a serious blow to the Confederacy, and initiate the Union drive northward. In September 1861, the Union captured Ship Island off the coast of Mississippi. Admiral David Farragut established a base there and planned the attack on New Orleans. By March 1862, Farragut was ready, but a month long delay getting the heavy ships through the shallow waters of the mouths of the Mississippi gave the Confederates warning. At 2 o'clock in the morning on April 24, the Union navy began its run by the Confederate forts guarding the mouth of the Mississippi River. Despite some damage, and a narrow escape by the flagship Hartford from a burning raft, the fleet got past the forts and on the 25th anchored off Jackson Square in New Orleans. The city surrendered. Mobile Bay -- August 1864: Lauded for his successes along the Mississippi River, Farragut was the obvious choice to lead another effort to neutralize a Confederate port. This time his object was Mobile, Alabama. On the morning of August 5, Farragut's fleet steamed toward the entrance of Mobile Bay. Despite the loss of the ironclad Tecumseh, [the] Union Navy swiftly and efficiently managed to seize control of the Bay. It was not necessary to capture the city. As the Union fleet entered Mobile Bay, the ironclad Tecumseh hit a mine, a that time called a torpedo, and rapidly sunk. Warned of the torpedoes, Farragut famously yelled out, "Damn the torpedoes. Full speed ahead." No more mines exploded, they had been in the water too long. War on the Rivers: The high seas and coastal harbors were not the only domain of naval battles. Rivers were the highways of transportation, control of which would hamper the movement of Confederate supplies and troops. The Mississippi was the Union's main focus. Commanding the river would cut the delivery of vital grains and meats from the west. The South's leading seaport, New Orleans, linked the Confederacy to the rest of the world. To command the rivers, the Union Navy modified river steamers into makeshift warships, and built gunboats especially adapted for river service. Fort Henry -- February 6, 1862: Commodore Foote and his gunboats provided a diversion at Fort Henry on the Tennessee River while Gen. Ulysses Grant's troops landed a few miles to the north. Foote opened fire at 12:30 at a range of 1,700 yards. Closing to a range of about 600 yards, the gunboats destroyed 13 of the fort's 17 guns. After an hour and a half, the fort surrendered: General Grant's troops soon arrived. Union forces controlled most of the river. Fort Donalson -- February 14-16, 1862: Foote and Grant attempted to duplicate their swift conquest of Fort Henry, but Donalson had a much larger garrison and better location. When Foote's gunboats opened fire, they were met by punishing return fire, forcing Foote to order a retreat. On the 15th, fort commander Gen. Simon B. Buckner ordered his men to fight their way out, but they failed in their attempt. Buckner surrendered Grant the following day. Union forces now commanded two major rivers, extending their control deep into Confederate territory. Island #10 -- April 1862: The strongly fortified Confederate position at Island #10 guarded northern approaches to the South via the Mississippi River. But the position was vulnerable to a land attack from the south. Foote permitted two of his gunboats to attempt a daring run past the island. The Carondelet successfully completed its mission on the stormy night of April 4. A week later, Pittsburgh repeated the feat. The two gunboats ferried a Union army that attacked and captured the Confederate fortifications. Up the Mississippi -- Summer 1862: At the same time Foote's gunboats eluded Confederate forces on Island #10, Farragut's fleet ran past forts guarding the mouth of the Mississippi and took New Orleans. Farragut's ships continued up river, meeting Foote's successor, Charles Davis, above Vicksburg. Although Farragut's ships were recalled to the Gulf for other duties, by the fall of 1862, the entire Mississippi River was in Union hands except for Port Hudson, Louisiana and Vicksburg, Mississippi. When the Union tried to take Port Hudson, the frigate Mississippi was destroyed. James H. Ward (1806-1861) Ward, an intellectual officer who, in 1845, was the senior naval officers at the newly established Naval School, proposed the idea of a "flying squadron" to protect the capital during the Civil War. He was given command of the squadron known as the Potomac Flotilla. On June 27, 1861, when troops from the flotilla landed on the Virginia shore, they were attacked by Confederate troops. While providing covering fire from flagship Thomas Freeborn, Ward was shot. He died an hour later, the first Union naval officer killed in the war. Andrew H. Foote (1806-1863): Foote's career took him to Africa, where he captured two American slave ships, and to the Far East. As commander of the USS Portsmouth, he captured the barrier forts at Canton. In August 1861, Foote assumed command of Union naval forces at the western rivers. With Gen. Ulysses Grant, he captured Fort Henry on the Tennessee River, Fort Donalson on the Cumberland River, and ran his ships past Island #10 on the Mississippi. Wounds he acquired at Donalson were compounded with Bright's disease. Promoted to rear admiral, he died before he could take command of the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron. Surrender at Vicksburg -- April-July 1863: Vicksburg is located on 200 foot high bluffs, making it difficult to attack. General Grant's proposed strategy; run naval ships past the city, and then ferry Army troops to the east side of the Mississippi. David Dixon Porter, now in command of Union naval forces, agreed. By the end of April, Porter fulfilled his duties, successfully transporting the troops. Grant's forces marched to Jackson, Mississippi, and then westward to Vicksburg. Vicksburg surrendered on July 4, 1863, after a 48-day siege. War's End: Many of the Civil War's most historic moments took place on water, and its conclusion was no exception. In March, President Abraham Lincoln boarded the steamer River Queen to meet with Generals Grant and Sherman and Rear Admiral Porter to plan the end of the war. The Union strategy to strangle the Confederacy into submission was nearly complete. Union armies surrounded the last Southern bastions of Richmond and Petersburg. And the Union navy with more than 600 vessels controlled the Mississippi River and blockaded every major Southern port. Less than a month later, Gen. Robert E. Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia, cut off from supplies, would lay down their arms at Appomattox Court House.
2. NAMUCW_110130_019.JPG: Model of Tecumseh-Class Monitor: The monitor Tecumseh led the Union ships passing the forts into Mobile Bay. Just after 7:00am, the opened fire with her 15-inch Dahlgren guns on the Confederate batteries. Just into the bay, Tecumseh saw the Confederate ironclad Tennessee entering the battle. At 7:40, Tecumseh turned to engage the Southern ship when an explosion from a mine tore open the monitor. In 25 seconds, the ship capsized and sank, taking her captain and 92 members of the crew to their deaths. Sword and Scabbard: This Confederate sword was captured at Fort Gaines after the Battle of Mobile Bay. It was presented to Lt. Charles A. Huntington of the USS Oneida by Capt. Percival Drayton, Chief of Staff to Admiral Farragut.
3. NAMUCW_110130_027.JPG: Gunner's Quadrant: Gunner's quadrant captured at Fort Morgan after the Battle of Mobile Bay.
4. NAMUCW_110130_033.JPG: Prayer Book: Seaman Maurice Daly, assigned to the monitor Winnebago during the attack on Mobile Bay, carried this prayer book with him.
5. NAMUCW_110130_038.JPG: Boat Flag: Upon the surrender of New Orleans to Union naval forces, this 13-star boat flag was hoisted over the city.
6. NAMUCW_110130_046.JPG: Light Plate: This light plate, like a window in the deck of a ship, allowed light into the interior of the ship. This plate was recovered from the burned wreckage of the ship of the line Columbus.
7. NAMUCW_110130_053.JPG: Stephen R. Mallory c. 1812-1873 The Secretary of Navy for the Confederates [sic] States began his political career at age 19 as a customs inspector at Key West, Florida. In 1851, Mallory was elected to the Senate from Florida and served as Chairman of the Senate Naval Affairs Committee. Mallory assumed command of a practically non-existent navy. He worked tirelessly to purchase ships abroad and gather shipbuilding materials. A few superior ships like ironclads, he believed, would keep the ports open. After the war, Mallory was imprisoned for ten months. Released under parole, he returned to Pensacola, Florida, to resume a law practice.
8. NAMUCW_110130_056.JPG: Gideon Welles 1802-1878 As the Union Secretary of the Navy during the Civil War, Welles' main focus was building up naval forces to bolster the ongoing blockade of more than 3,500 miles of Confederate coastline. He also promoted the construction of ironclad ships, improved ordnance, machinery, and navy yards. Prior to the war, Welles was devoted to journalism and politics. In fact, his only previous connection with the Navy had been as a bureau chief. Upon Lincoln's assassination, Welles continued in office under Andrew Johnson, loyally supporting the president against impeachment. Welles returned to civilian life after Johnson's term.
9. NAMUCW_110130_060.JPG: David D. Porter 1813-1891 David Dixon Porter entered the naval service in 1826 as a midshipman in the Mexican Navy, commanded by his father, David Porter. Three years later, he accepted an appointment as a midshipman in the United States Navy. Even with an outstanding record, Porter was still only a lieutenant when the Civil War broke out, but it in a year and half he was an acting rear admiral. After the war, he sought command of the Naval Academy. His tenure as superintendent was noted for his expansion of the grounds, the addition of new buildings, and introduction of the honor concept.
10. NAMUCW_110130_069.JPG: David G. Farragut 1801-1870 Farragut was only nine years old when he entered the Navy. He served on board the frigate Essex during the War of 1812, and when he was twelve he commanded a prize ship captured in the Pacific. Although a citizen of Virginia and married to a southerner, Farragut chose to serve in the Union Navy during the Civil War. His successful command at New Orleans and Port Hudson earned promotion to rear admiral, the first officer in the United States Navy to hold that rank. After his success at Mobile Bay in 1864, he was promoted to admiral, against the first American naval officer to wear that rank.
11. NAMUCW_110130_083.JPG: Framed Letter: Two letters from David Dixon Porter. In the letter on the left, Porter informs Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles of the surrender of Vicksburg on the 4th of July 1863. He has also heard the "glorious" news of the Army of the Potomac's victory at Gettysburg the previous day.
12. NAMUCW_110130_091.JPG: Course Finder: Course finder used on board the ironclad Essex during the Mississippi River Campaign.
13. NAMUCW_110130_096.JPG: Sword and Scabbard: Sword given to the last commanding officer of the US ironclad Essex, Volunteer Lt. John C. Parker, by his officers.
14. NAMUCW_110130_117.JPG: Model of Dahlgren Gun: This model shows the type of gun mount used in ships similar to Monitor. This is a XV-inch Dahlgren gun, the Monitor carried two XI-inch guns in her turret.
15. NAMUCW_110130_140.JPG: USS Monitor: Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles called for plans for ironclad ships that would counter the one that the Confederacy was building. Famed naval engineer John Ericsson submitted one of three accepted plans, promising that his design could be built in 90 days. It took 100. Monitor was unlike anything ever seen before, "a cheese box on a raft." Its rotating turret mounted only two guns on a hull that was barely above water. This design was ideal for river combat, but not for rough seas. The Monitor sank in December 1862 off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. Duel of the Ironclads: Lacking manpower and resources, the Confederacy relied on superior ships. Burned when the Union abandoned Gosport Navy Yard, Merrimack's machinery and hull laid the foundation of a new class of warship. Rebuilt as Virginia, the ship was armored with 24 inches of wood and four inches of iron plates. On March 8, the ironclad steamed from Gosport toward the Union fleet at Hampton Roads. Virginia sank the sloop Cumberland, and forced frigates Congress and Minnesota aground -- a good day's work. But that night, a new, more radical, vessel entered the Roads. The clash between Monitor and Virginia on March 9, 1862, marked the end of the supremacy of [the] wooden battleship. CSS Virginia: When the Union abandoned Gosport Navy Yard, the steam frigate Merrimack was set afire to keep her out of rebel hands. Though she burned to the waterline, her lower hull and machinery were salvageable. She was raised and rebuilt as an ironclad ram, according to the plans of Lieut. J. M. Brooke. The ship's upper works were covered with iron rolled at the Tredegar Iron Works in Richmond. It was hoped that Virginia, alone but impregnable, could break the Union blockade of the Chesapeake Bay.
16. NAMUCW_110130_146.JPG: Presentation Sword, Scabbard and Belt: Naval officers who distinguish themselves are often presented swords that mark their contributions or achievements. Some graduating midshipmen receive swords for their academic of athletic success; none are as ornate as this one presented by the State of New York to John Worden. This sword is seen in Worden's portrait.
17. NAMUCW_110130_162.JPG: Wine Decanter: This decanter was presented by the officers of Monitor to the ship's second commanding officer, Lt. William N. Jeffers.
18. NAMUCW_110130_168.JPG: Letter from Lincoln to Welles: Very quickly, President Lincoln knew of the battle and had interviewed Lieutenant Worden. In a sort of "after action" report, Worden said he believed the Monitor could be boarded and taken by wedging the turret and pouring water into the machinery to put out the fires in the burners.
19. NAMUCW_110130_200.JPG: John L. Worden 1818-1897 Until the Civil War, Worden's career was typical mix of sea and shore duty. At the beginning of the war, he was arrested by Confederate forces during a secret mission to Florida. After his release from prison, he assumed command of the Navy's first ironclad vessel, Monitor. He was wounded in Monitor's historic battle with the Virginia, but recovered and commanded Montauk in the 1863 attack on Charleston, South Carolina. After the war, Worden served as seventh Superintendent of the Naval Academy and was promoted to rear admiral. Following duty at the Academy, he commanded the European Squadron and then retired in 1886. -- John Lorimer Worden From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia John Lorimer Worden (12 March 1818 – 19 October 1897) was a U.S. rear admiral who served in the American Civil War. He commanded Monitor against the Confederate vessel Virginia (originally named Merrimack) in first battle of ironclad ships in 1862. Background and early career: Worden was born in Sparta, Mount PleasantTownship, Westchester County, New York. He grew up in Fishkill, New York, and was married to Olivia Toffey, the aunt of Daniel Toffey, captain's clerk of the USS Monitor. He was appointed midshipman in the Navy on 10 January 1834. He served his first three years in the sloop-of-war Erie on the Brazil Station. Following that, he was briefly assigned to the sloop Cyane before reporting to the Naval School at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania for seven months of instruction. He returned to sea in July 1840 for two years with the Pacific Squadron. Between 1844 and 1846, Worden was stationed at the Naval Observatory in Washington, D.C. During the Mexican-American War, he cruised the west coast, primarily in the store ship Southampton, but in other ships as well. In 1850, he returned to the Naval Observatory for another two-year tour of duty. The ensuing nine years were filled with sea duty which took Worden on several cruises in the Caribbean and Mediterranean Seas. Civil War service: Brought to Washington early in 1861, he received orders in April to carry secret dispatches -- regarding the reinforcement of Fort Pickens -- south to the warships at Pensacola. During the return journey north, Worden was arrested near Montgomery, Alabama, and was held prisoner until exchanged about seven months later. Taking command of Monitor: Though still ill as a result of his imprisonment, Lieutenant Worden accepted orders to command the new ironclad Monitor on 16 January 1862. He reported to her building site at Greenpoint in Brooklyn on Long Island and supervised her completion. He placed the new warship in commission at the New York Navy Yard on 25 February and two days later sailed for Hampton Roads. However, steering failure forced the ironclad back to New York for repairs. On 6 March, she headed south again, this time under tow by Seth Low. On the afternoon of 8 March, Worden's command approached Cape Henry, Virginia, while inside Hampton Roads, the Confederacy's own ironclad, CSS Virginia, wreaked havoc with the Union Navy's wooden blockading fleet. During that engagement, the Southern warship sank the sloop Cumberland and severely damaged Congress and Minnesota before retiring behind Sewell's Point. Arriving on the scene too late to participate in the engagement, Worden and his command set about assisting the grounded Minnesota. The battle of the ironclads: At daybreak on the 9th, Virginia emerged once more from behind Sewell's Point to complete her reduction of the Federal fleet at Hampton Roads. As the Confederate ironclad approached Minnesota, Worden maneuvered Monitor from the grounded ship's shadow to engage Virginia in the battle that revolutionized naval warfare. For four hours, the two iron-plated ships slugged it out as they maneuvered in the narrow channel of Hampton Roads, pouring shot and shell at one another to almost no visible effect. Three hours into the slug fest, Worden received facial wounds when a Confederate shell exploded just outside the pilot house that partially blinded him. He relinquished command to his first officer, Samuel D.Greene. About an hour later, Monitor withdrew from the battle temporarily and, upon her return to the scene, found that Virginia, too, had withdrawn. The first battle between steam-driven, armored ships had ended in a draw. Other wartime commands: After the battle, Worden moved ashore to convalesce from his wounds. During that recuperative period, he received the accolade of a grateful nation, the official thanks of the United States Congress, and promotion to commander. Late in 1862, he took command of the ironclad monitor Montauk and placed her in commission at New York on 14 December 1862. Later in the month, Worden took his new ship south to join the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron off Port Royal, South Carolina. On 27 January 1863, he led his ship in the bombardment of Fort McAllister. A month later, newly promoted Captain Worden took his ship into the Ogeechee River, found the Confederate privateer Rattlesnake (formerly CSS Nashville), and destroyed her with five well-placed shots. His last action came of 7 April 1863, when Montauk participated in an attack on Charleston, South Carolina. Post-war career and last years Not long after the Charleston attack, Capt. Worden received orders to shore duty in conjunction with the construction of ironclads in New York. That assignment lasted until the late 1860s. In 1869, Commodore Worden began a five-year tour as Superintendent of the United States Naval Academy. In 1872, Worden was promoted to Rear Admiral. During the late 1870s, he commanded the European Squadron, visiting ports in northern Europe and patrolling the eastern Mediterranean during the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78. He returned ashore and concluded his naval career as a member of the Examining Board and as President of the Retiring Board. When he retired on 23 December 1886, Congress voted him full sea pay in his grade for life. Rear Admiral Worden resided in Washington, D.C., until his death from pneumonia on 19 October 1897. After funeral services at St. John's Episcopal Church in Washington, he was buried in the Pawling Cemetery in Pawling, New York. He was married to Olivia Toffey (1820–1903), and she and three of their four children survived him. His oldest son was John Lorimer Worden, Jr. (1845–1873), who served as a volunteer captain in the U.S. Army during the Civil War and later as a first lieutenant in the regular army until his death in 1873. The second son was Daniel Toffey Worden (1847–1914), a Wall Street stock broker. Worden also had two daughters, Grace Worden (1852–1905) and Olivia Steele Worden (1856–1933). Worden's widow and all of his children except Daniel were buried with him in Pawling, New York.
20. NAMUCW_110130_203.JPG: Franklin Buchanan 1800-1874 Buchanan, the Academy's first superintendent, commanded the Washington Navy Yard before the war. A Marylander believing the state would join the secession, he tendered his resignation from the Navy. When Maryland did not join the rebellion, he tried to recall his resignation. He was commissioned as a captain in the Confederate navy and placed in charge of the defenses of the James River. On March 8, 1862, Buchanan commanded Virginia in her attacks on the Cumberland and Congress. Wounded in the action, he was not on board during the battle with Monitor. He later led the Confederate defenses of Mobile Bay.
21. NAMUCW_110130_215.JPG: Piece of Iron from Virginia: This piece of iron was used in armoring the ship.
22. NAMUCW_110130_221.JPG: Wood Souvenirs of Virginia: The wood from this carved vase and cup was taken from the USS Merrimack, which was converted to the Confederate ironclad CSS Virginia.
23. NAMUCW_110130_237.JPG: Wood Vase: While attempting to flee the Virginia, the steam frigate Congress ran aground. Forced to submit to a heavy bombardment, Congress struck her colors. Unable to take the ship as a prize, Congress was set afire with hot shot and was destroyed. This vase was made of wood from the ship.
24. NAMUCW_110130_248.JPG: Flag and Commission Pennant: On the morning of March 8, 1862, the steam frigate Minnesota lay at anchor in Hampton Roads. Seeing three ships, including Virginia, heading for the Union anchorage, Minnesota slipped her cables and got underway. Just off Newport News, the frigate ran aground. After engaging Cumberland and Congress, Virginia turned her attention to Minnesota, but the frigate's big guns drove the ironclad off. The next morning, Monitor had arrived. While the frigate took some more shelling, she was eventually refloated and repaired. The ensign and commission pennant were flown by Minnesota during the battle in Hampton Roads.
25. NAMUCW_110130_256.JPG: Hartford Helm: When Hartford sank at her berth in 1956, some relics of the historic ship were saved, including her helm, or steering wheel. The photograph, taken during the war, shows four sailors manning the helm.
26. NAMUCW_110130_259.JPG: 1859 Navy Yard Boston USS Hartford Navy Yard Mare Island 1899
27. NAMUCW_110130_266.JPG: USS Hartford: Hartford's first role was as flagship of the East India Station. Her tour was cut short by the outbreak of the Civil War. Refitted at Philadelphia, Hartford became the flagship of David G. Farragut for operations against New Orleans and then against Mobile. After the war, Hartford cruised in the Pacific and Asiatic stations. In 1899, she returned to the Atlantic and for 12 years served as a training ship at the Naval Academy. Placed out of commission in 1926, she was berthed at Charleston, South Carolina; Washington, DC; and, finally, Norfolk, Virginia, where she sank in 1956.
28. NAMUCW_110130_276.JPG: These stars were on the gangway boards of the US steam screw sloop of war "Hartford", flag ship of Rear Admiral David G. Farragut, USN, in the passage of Forts Jackson & St. Philips on the Mississippi in 1862 and Battle of Mobile Bay 1863. Presented to the US Naval Academy by Chief Naval Constructor Theodore G. Wilson, USN in 1967 Raiders: The Confederacy lacked the means to build and support a large navy. Instead, it relied on the traditional naval strategy of commerce raiding. A few privateers were licensed at the beginning of the war, but as a private enterprise, privateering was not as profitable as blockade running. The South did commission warships as commerce raiders. Three in particular -- Florida, Shenandoah, and Alabama -- cruised the world's oceans, capturing more than 300 Union merchant ships and nearly destroying its whaling industry. James I. Waddell (1824-1886) Waddell resigned his commission in the United States navy in the fall of 1861 and received a commission as a lieutenant in the Confederate States Navy in March 1862. He was assigned to shore artillery during the early part of the war, seeing duty at Drury's Bluff, Virginia, and Charleston, South Carolina. During much of 1863 and 1864, he was in England awaiting a sea-going billet, which came in October 1864 when he took command of Shenandoah. He later worked for the State of Maryland and died in Annapolis. John N. Maffitt (1819-1886): Born on the Atlantic Ocean as his parents emigrated from Ireland to the United States, Maffitt was fated for a life at sea. He entered the Navy as a midshipman in 1832 and [was] promoted to lieutenant eleven years later. Just before the Civil War, he commanded a steamer off Cuba, helping to protect American merchant ships from harassment and to capture slavers sailing under the flag of the United States. With the outbreak of the war, he was appointed to command of the raider Florida. After a lengthy, exhausting cruise he requested relief from command. He later commanded the ram Albermarle. CSS Shenandoah: Shenandoah was launched in Glasgow, Scotland. After supposedly getting under way for a cruise to India, the ship received armament and a crew, including Cmdr James I. Waddell. The cruiser sailed through the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans. As she headed for the North Pacific, unknown to Waddell, the Civil War ended. Between June 22 and 26, 1865, Shenandoah captured and destroyed more than twenty whaling ships. She then headed for San Francisco. En route, she met the British merchant vessel Baracouta and learned that the war was over. During her cruise, she had captured 38 ships. CSS Alabama: Alabama, a screw steamer, was built in Liverpool, England, and commissioned into the Confederate States Navy in 1862. In nearly two years of cruising, the raider captured almost seventy vessels, destroying most of them. In June 1864, urgently in need of repairs, Alabama entered Cherbourg, France. Three days later, the USS Kearsarge arrived. Alabama's commander, Raphael Semmes, knew he had to fight. In the ensuing battle, the fearsome Confederate raider was sunk. Ralph Semmes (1809-1877): Semmes entered the Navy in 1826, and found time in his early career to study law. He commanded the brig Somers during the Mexican War and then took extended leave to practice law in Mobile, Alabama. By the Civil War he was back in the Navy, having been promoted to commander in 1855. When war started, he became commander in the Confederate States Navy. His command of Alabama followed a successful cruise in the Sumter. After the loss of Alabama, Semmes returned to the South. He was briefly imprisoned after the war, and then practiced law in Mobile until his death. USS Kearsarge: As Alabama steamed toward Kearsarge, the Union ship turned and headed directly for the Confederate ship. At about a mile distance, Alabama opened fire. At half a mile, Kearsarge turned to port and opened fire with her starboard battery. In an hour, after seven circles, Alabama has lost power and was sinking. Her surviving crew abandoned ship. John A. Winslow (1811-1873): Although Winslow was born in North Carolina, he remained with the Federal navy during the Civil War. He was executive officer of the Western Gunboat Flotilla and wounded in action on board the Benton. Upon recovery, he returned to the Mississippi, but soon received orders to command the sloop-of-war Kearsarge. He spent a year and a half in Kearsarge, looking for Confederate raiders and keeping his crew ready for action. After the battle with Alabama, Winslow was promoted to commodore, and then rear admiral.
29. NAMUCW_110130_283.JPG: Model of Hartford: In addition to the broadside of twenty 9-inch Dahlgren guns, Hartford carried two 20-pounder Parrot guns on pivot mounts.
30. NAMUCW_110130_291.JPG: Wine Bottles: Even after the prohibition of liquor on board Navy ships for the crew, officers could still enjoy wine. Admiral Farragut used these two wine bottles in his dining cabin on board Hartford.
31. NAMUCW_110130_297.JPG: Tea Kettle: The crew of the Hartford could enjoy tea prepared in the ship's galley in this kettle.
32. NAMUCW_110130_301.JPG: Medal of Honor: Awarded to Chief Boatswain's Mate William Densmore "for Personal Valour" while serving in USS Richmond during the Battle of Mobile Bay. This is one of the rare first-type Medals of Honor authorized by Congress on 21 December 1861.
33. NAMUCW_110130_312.JPG: Flag: This flag reputedly was flown in Hartford during the Battle of Mobile Bay. It has only 30 stars, dating it to the years between 1848 and 1851. But Farragut was known to fly historic flags in his ships.
34. NAMUCW_110130_326.JPG: Hatband: A sailor's hat ribbon worn, and apparently made, by a member of the Hartford's crew.
35. NAMUCW_110130_341.JPG: Farragut's Oath of Office: On December 18, 1810, David G. Farragut, just nine years old, was appointed a midshipman in the United States Navy. His sword affidavit attested to the fact.
36. NAMUCW_110130_349.JPG: Pocket Watch and Seal with Impression: Farragut's mother died when he was very young, and he was taken under the care of David Porter. Farragut would serve under Porter during the War of 1812 on board the frigate Essex on her cruise to the Pacific. Porter gave Farragut this pocket watch in 1810. Farragut's seal, which is attached, bears a portrait of David Porter.
37. NAMUCW_110130_361.JPG: 1835 Service Sword and Scabbard: Farragut's service sword was presented to him by Lt. Alexander B. Pinkham. This style of sword was introduced in 1835 and replaced by the one of current design in 1852. Long Glass: This spyglass, or long glass, was used by Admiral Farragut during the Battle of Mobile Bay in August 1864.
38. NAMUCW_110130_372.JPG: Saluting Gun: One of a pair of identical guns from the Confederate raider CSS Shenandoah. These guns were used in firing official salutes, and [were] not a part of the armament of the ship.
39. NAMUCW_110130_382.JPG: Sword and Scabbard: This service sword belonged to Lt. George U. Morris, commanding officer of the Cumberland when she was sunk by the Virginia.
40. NAMUCW_110130_388.JPG: Running Rigging of the Cumberland: This short piece of running rigging was taken from the Cumberland shortly after she was sunk by CSS Virginia in March 1862.
41. NAMUCW_110130_394.JPG: Wood Vase: The steam frigate Cumberland managed to escape Gosport Navy Yard when it was burned by Union forces to keep it out of the hands of the Confederacy. The frigate did not manage to escape the Virginia, becoming the ironclad's first victim. This vase was made from wood taken from the ship.
42. NAMUCW_110130_400.JPG: Wooden Cup: In the middle of the night of October 7, 1864, the USS Wachusett ran alongside Confederate raider Florida while in neutral waters, captured the ship, and returned her to the United States. This cup was made from wood taken from one of the raider's gun racks.
43. NAMUCW_110130_406.JPG: Sailor's Hat Band: A sailor's hat band from a crewman on board CSS Shenandoah. Letter Opener: Letter opener made of wood from the Confederate steam cruiser Shenandoah.
44. NAMUCW_110130_427.JPG: Carved Eagle: This finely carved eagle decorated the steamer River Queen
45. NAMUCW_110130_436.JPG: Spur: On April 14, 1865, John Wilkes Booth shot Abraham Lincoln at Ford's Theater. As Booth tried to escape, he caught his foot in the bunting draped along the front of the presidential box. Samuel B. Reem picked up this spur from the theater's stage. It is believed to be one worn by Booth. -- U. S. NAVAL ACADEMY MUSEUM 118 Maryland Avenue Annapolis, Maryland 21402-5034 � USNA 51.18.1 Uniform: Footwear: Boot Spur: John Wilkes Booth (1838-65). � Material: steel Color: steel gray Dimensions: 1 1/8 x 4 5/8 x 3 inches Maker: unknown Country of origin: U.S. Period/date: 1860s � Description: Rounded "Y-shaped" metal device or boot spur; slots for straps in both outer ends of the "U-shaped" shank; one side of the shank shows break and repair; slotted stem, post or neck holds 12-tooth wheel or rowel or prick which is riveted in place; general pattern commonly known as a "Prince of Wales" or English-style spur. � Source: Gift of D. L. Reem, 107 North Market St., Elizabethtown, PA, May 6, 1951. � Special condition of gift: Donated in memory of his grandnephew, 2d Lieutenant Robert Dale Reem, USMC (1925-50), NA Class of 1948; KIA Korea; MH � Historical significance: This boot spur was reputedly worn by the actor John Wilkes Booth (1838-65) on the night of April 14, 1865, when he assassinated President Abraham Lincoln in Ford's Theater in Washington, DC. The President and Mrs. Lincoln were seated in a box located above the stage and the front of which was decorated with patriotic bunting. Booth entered from the rear of the box, shot Lincoln using a small Derringer pistol, and leapt through the box onto the stage below. His right foot got caught in the bunting and his left ankle was badly injured in the fall. This spur was pulled from the boot by the bunting and broke when it fell on floor below. U.S. Cavalry soldier Samuel B. Ream (1845-1927) of Pennsylvania, who was in the audience, picked up the pieces of the broken spur and kept it as a souvenir. At some later date he repaired the spur by welding. � The donation of this boot spur was accompanied by a handwritten statement signed by the donor and it reads: � "This stirrup (spur) is presented to the Museum of the U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Md., by D. L. Reem, Elizabethtown, Pa., in memory of 2nd Lieutenant Robert D. Reem, who graduated from Annapolis Academy, Class of 1948. � Lieutenant Reem was killed in Korea, November 6th, 1950, while serving with the U.S. Marines. This stirrup was picked up in Ford's Theatre, Washington, D. C. by Lieutenant Reem's great-great uncle, Samuel B. Reem, who was attending the play the night President Lincoln was shot by John Wilkes Booth. � The great-great uncle of Lieutenant Reem at the time was serving as a Union Soldier. The spur was later welded by Uncle Sam Ream, as he was known by his relatives, and was in his possession until 1927, when he died suddenly while attending a convention of the Grand Army of the Republic. Shortly after his death the spur came in possession of D. L. Reem, a great uncle of Lieutenant Reem. � Uncle Sam Ream was born at the Reem homestead at Rheems, Pa. in 1845. At nineteen he enlisted in the U.S. Cavalry for the duration of the Civil War. Returning from the war he went to Kansas where he lived the rest of his days. He taught school at Holton, Kansas, where Buffalo Bill (Bill Cody) also taught at the same time. Ream and Cody became very intimate friends. He followed the great scout in the circus business for several years. Later he returned to Holton, Kansas, and entered into business [soft drink bottling]. He never married, but spent much of his earnings assisting poor boys, bearing the expense of rearing and educating four boys, all of whom are living but one, who was only seventeen years old when Uncle Sam died. The young man mourned his death and died of a broken heart two weeks later. [According to a later newspaper article Sam Ream "dropped dead on a boat on Lake Michigan, while throwing coins to kids on the shore.] � During his career he served several terms in the Kansas Legislature. Since one of the descendants of S. B. Ream, has made such an unusual, short career, it is only fitting that this cherished relic be placed in the Annapolis Museum as a token of the patriotic deed performed by 2nd Lieutenant Robert Dale Reem on Nov. 6th, 1950." Signed: D. L. Reem. � Along with the boot spur D. L. Reem provided a press clipping from the Lancaster, PA, Sunday News, dated April 11, 1937, with an article titled "Booth's Broken Spur Owned by Man in Lancaster County." The article quotes a message written about the spur by Samuel B. Ream himself on the back of a carte de visite photograph of Daniel Snyder and himself [see USNA 51.18.2] which read: � "This stirrup (spur) was picked up by me in Ford's Theatre at Washington, DC, on the night Lincoln was shot. I was attending the play of the evening. Jumping from the box seat in the gallery, this stirrup caught in the American flag and threw him [John Wilkes Booth] to the stage below, tearing this from his foot. I picked both pieces up." � On a visit to the Lincoln Museum located in the old Ford's Theater on November 3, 1952, Captain Wade DeWeese, USN(Ret), then Director, U.S. Naval Academy Museum, saw a spur on exhibit identified as coming from a boot worn by John Wilkes Booth on the night he assassinated President Lincoln. DeWeese wrote the Lincoln Museum about this second spur and received the following reply: "The spur on display was acquired by O. H. Oldroyd who spent a lifetime collecting Lincolniana. The Government purchased his collection in 1926 and it is now a part of the items at the Lincoln Museum. In William Benham's Life of Osborn H. Oldroyd, the circumstances surrounding the purchase of the spur are given as follows: ‘Mrs. Samuel Mudd received him [Oldroyd on a visit in 1901] cordially upon learning who he was and the nature of his errand. She told Captain Oldroyd that Dr. Mudd upbraided Booth for his rashness and told him that he had inflicted an irreparable injury to the South. She also said that when Booth arrived at their home his ankle and leg were so badly swollen that it was necessary to slit the bootleg to get his foot out of it. Speaking of the spur which was attached to the boot she said it was in the possession of a gentleman living about eight miles farther up the road. Bidding her adieu Captain Oldroyd continued his journey to the home of the possessor the spur and after some dickering with him he became the owner and possessor the relic at a cost of fifty dollars.'" � Later observers of both the spur in the Naval Academy Museum and the specimen in Ford's Theater point out that the two spurs are not a matching set. Correspondence in 1973 with Dr. Richard D. Mudd, a descendant of the doctor who treated Booth, stated that "from every account Booth only wore one spur and it is at Ford's Theatre." Of course, Dr. Mudd was only familiar with the story of the spur acquired by Osborn H. Oldroyd and sold with his collection to the Lincoln Museum in 1926. � In December 1975, John C. Brennan, who had corresponded with the Naval Academy Museum about the two different spurs and had concluded that Booth was too vain to have worn mismatched spurs, provided additional information about Booth and his spurs extracted from the records of the investigation of the Lincoln assassination. In a statement by James M. Pumphrey, the keeper of the stable where John Wilkes Booth rented a horse on April 14, 1865, he said "before he mounted he took out a brass spur and put it on his right foot. I could identify the spur if shown to me." Later in the record it states: "James M. Pumphrey being duly sworn makes the following statement. A spur being shown by Superintendent Richards of the Metropolitan Police the witness states ‘this to the best of my knowledge and belief this spur is the same that J. Wilkes Booth put on at my stable yesterday.'" This statement would have been given on April 15, and thus adds further confusion over how many different spurs Booth may have worn on April 14, 1865. This third spur could not be either the one then with Booth or Dr. Mudd, on April 15, in southern Maryland or the one collected at Ford's Theater by Samuel B. Ream. Perhaps it was simply a matching spur to the one James M. Pumphrey had observed Booth putting on his right boot the night before. � It could be that all three spurs were associated with Booth on April 14, 1865, and that he could have changed spurs and/or the boots themselves between his fleeing Ford's Theater, renting the horse, and arriving at Dr. Mudd's home. When he jumped from the box to the stage in the theater it is most likely that he injured the foot and leg opposite from the foot which caught in the bunting and from which he lost the spur. He would have damaged the leg on which he landed and which took the full weight of his body. Since it was his left leg injured, the spur collected from the floor by Samuel B. Ream probably came off the boot on the right foot. It is interesting that the stable keeper, James M. Pumphrey, testified that he observed Booth put a new spur on his right foot. � When Booth was treated by Dr. Mudd, the account indicated that the leg and foot were so swollen it was necessary to cut the boot to remove it. If this was the same boot from which the spur was later collected by Dr. Mudd's neighbor and subsequently purchased by Captain Oldroyd, it would have been from the left boot. � No evidence has been produced to prove that the spur, which U.S. Cavalryman Samuel B. Ream said he collected at Ford's Theater on the night of April 14, 1865, is not authentic as having been worn by Booth that night. As a cavalryman, too, Ream would have had more than passing knowledge of spurs. The fact that it does not match the second spur at Ford's Theater, proves that John Wilkes Booth wore more than one set of boots or more than one set of spurs on that fateful evening. The eyewitness record exists that after the assassination he added a new spur to his right boot before mounting a rented horse for his escape into southern Maryland. The Reem's spur remains in the U.S. Naval Academy Museum as an important historical object and as part of the memorial to Naval Academy alumnus Lieutenant Robert Dale Reem, USMC, killed in action in Korea and awarded the Medal of Honor. � References: � Chamlee, Jr., Roy Z. Lincoln's Assassins: A Complete Account of Their Capture, Trial, and Punishment. Jefferson, NC: McCarland & Co., 1990. � Guttridge, Leonard F. and Ray A. Neff. Dark Union: The Secret Web of the Profiteers, Politicians and Booth Conspirators That Led to Lincoln's Death. New York: Wiley, 2003. � Kauffman, Michael W. American Brutus: John Wilkes Booth and the Lincoln Conspiracies. New York: Random House, 2004. � U.S. Naval Academy Museum documentation file 1951.018.001. � � James W. Cheevers Associate Director/Senior Curator U.S. Naval Academy Museum
46. NAMUCW_110130_458.JPG: ??? Model of Deerhound and Oar Piece: Kearsarge rescued many of the survivors from the Alabama, but some, including Semmes, were picked up by the private English yacht Deerhound, and taken to England. Semmes gave a small model of Deerhound and a piece of an oar from one of Alabama's lifeboats to Evan P. Jones, captain of the Deerhound.
47. NAMUCW_110130_465.JPG: Engine Room Bell and Counter: These two instruments, an engine room bell used to notify the engine room crew of speed changes and the engine revolution counter were used in the Kearsarge. The men who used these instruments probably knew little of what was happening during the battle.
48. NAMUCW_110130_475.JPG: Brass Plate: This brass plate, with the date of the famous battle, was mounted in Kearsarge until her loss by grounding on Roncador Reef, in the Caribbean Sea, on February 2, 1894.
49. NAMUCW_110130_483.JPG: Sword: Indicative of the true meaning of civil war is this sword which was worn by Alexander A. Semmes, a cousin of Raphael Semmes who, though born in the same state, continued to serve the United States Navy, rising to the rank of commodore.
50. NAMUCW_110130_489.JPG: Buttons: Confederate navy button worn by Rear Adm Raphael Semmes, CSN
51. NAMUCW_110130_493.JPG: Model of Deerhound and Oar Piece: Kearsarge rescued many of the survivors from the Alabama, but some, including Semmes, were picked up by the private English yacht Deerhound, and taken to England. Semmes gave a small model of Deerhound and a piece of an oar from one of Alabama's lifeboats to Evan P. Jones, captain of the Deerhound.
52. NAMUCW_110130_498.JPG: Model of Kearsarge
53. NAMUCW_110206_10.JPG: Piece of the first Monitor, removed after her battle with the Rebel Steamer Merrimac in Hampton Roads March 9th 1862 Presented to the U.S. NAVAL ACADEMY by G.V. Fox Asst Secty of the NAVY 1866
54. NAMUCW_110206_18.JPG: USS Monitor: Secretary of the Navy Gideon Welles called for plans for ironclad ships that would counter the one that the Confederacy was building. Famed naval engineer John Ericsson submitted one of three accepted plans, promising that his design could be built in 90 days. It took 100. Monitor was unlike anything ever seen before, "a cheese box on a raft." Its rotating turret mounted only two guns on a hull that was barely above water. This design was ideal for river combat, but not for rough seas. The Monitor sank in December 1862 off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. Duel of the Ironclads: Lacking manpower and resources, the Confederacy relied on superior ships. Burned when the Union abandoned Gosport Navy Yard, Merrimack's machinery and hull laid the foundation of a new class of warship. Rebuilt as Virginia, the ship was armored with 24 inches of wood and four inches of iron plates. On March 8, the ironclad steamed from Gosport toward the Union fleet at Hampton Roads. Virginia sank the sloop Cumberland, and forced frigates Congress and Minnesota aground -- a good day's work. But that night, a new, more radical, vessel entered the Roads. The clash between Monitor and Virginia on March 9, 1862, marked the end of the supremacy of [the] wooden battleship. CSS Virginia: When the Union abandoned Gosport Navy Yard, the steam frigate Merrimack was set afire to keep her out of rebel hands. Though she burned to the waterline, her lower hull and machinery were salvageable. She was raised and rebuilt as an ironclad ram, according to the plans of Lieut. J. M. Brooke. The ship's upper works were covered with iron rolled at the Tredegar Iron Works in Richmond. It was hoped that Virginia, alone but impregnable, could break the Union blockade of the Chesapeake Bay.
55. NAMUCW_110206_23.JPG: Model of Virginia
56. NAMUCW_110206_30.JPG: Spur: On April 14, 1865, John Wilkes Booth shot Abraham Lincoln at Ford's Theater. As Booth tried to escape, he caught his foot in the bunting draped along the front of the presidential box. Samuel B. Reem picked up this spur from the theater's stage. It is believed to be one worn by Booth.
Multi Column: Number of columns of thumbnails to appear per page (normally defaults to 3): [1 col] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10]
AAA "Gem": AAA considers this location to be a "must see" point of interest. To see pictures of other areas that AAA considers to be Gems, click here.
Bigger photos? To save server space, the full-sized versions of these images have either not been loaded to the server or have been removed from the server. (Only some pages are loaded with full-sized images and those usually get removed after three months.) I still have them though. If you want me to email them to you, please send an email to guthrie.bruce@gmail.com and I can email them to you, or, depending on the number of images, just repost the page again will the full-sized images.
Directly Related Pages: Other pages with content (MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- History: ) directly related to this one: [Display ALL photos on one page]:
- 2018_MD_USNA_Museum_History: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- History: (3 photos from 2018)
- 2017_MD_USNA_Museum_PreCW: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- History: Pre-Civil War (2 photos from 2017)
- 2017_MD_USNA_Museum_PostWW2: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- History: Post WW2 (15 photos from 2017)
- 2015_MD_USNA_Museum_Academy: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- History: Academy (83 photos from 2015)
- 2013_MD_USNA_Museum_PreCW: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- History: Pre-Civil War (89 photos from 2013)
- 2011_MD_USNA_Museum_WW2: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- History: World War II (97 photos from 2011)
- 2011_MD_USNA_Museum_PreWW2: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- History: 1866-1939 (109 photos from 2011)
- 2011_MD_USNA_Museum_PreCW: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- History: Pre-Civil War (134 photos from 2011)
- 2011_MD_USNA_Museum_PostWW2: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- History: Post WW2 (64 photos from 2011)
- 2011_MD_USNA_Museum_Academy: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- History: Academy (39 photos from 2011)
- 2003_MD_USNA_Museum_WW2: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- History: World War II (3 photos from 2003)
- 2003_MD_USNA_Museum_PostWW2: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- History: Post WW2 (3 photos from 2003)
Generally-Related Pages: Other pages with content (MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum) somewhat related to this one: [Display ALL photos on one page]:
- 2018_MD_USNA_Museum_Prints: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- Prints (Beverley R. Robinson Collection) (1 photo from 2018)
- 2015_MD_USNA_Museum_Prints: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- Prints (Beverley R. Robinson Collection) (4 photos from 2015)
- 2013_MD_USNA_Museum_Prints: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- Prints (Beverley R. Robinson Collection) (15 photos from 2013)
- 2017_MD_USNA_Museum_Prints: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- Prints (Beverley R. Robinson Collection) (15 photos from 2017)
- 2018_MD_USNA_Museum_Moran: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- Edward Moran Staircase (18 photos from 2018)
- 2017_MD_USNA_Museum_Moran: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- Edward Moran Staircase (18 photos from 2017)
- 2011_MD_USNA_Museum_Moran: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- Edward Moran Staircase (12 photos from 2011)
- 2003_MD_USNA_Museum_Moran: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- Edward Moran Staircase (1 photo from 2003)
- 2015_MD_USNA_Museum_Moran: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- Edward Moran Staircase (13 photos from 2015)
- 2017_MD_USNA_Museum_Models: MD -- Annapolis -- US Naval Academy -- Museum -- Ship Models (3 photos from 2017)
- ...More (List all 25 pages)...
Same Subject: Click on this link to see coverage of items having the same subject: [US Naval Academy] [Display ALL US Naval Academy photos] [Military (Non-Events)] [Museums (History)]
2011 photos: Equipment this year: I mostly used the Fuji S100fs camera as well as two Nikon models -- the D90 and the new D7000. Mostly a toy, I also purchased a Fuji Real 3-D W3 camera, to try out 3-D photographs. I found it interesting although I don't see any real use for 3-D stills now. Given that many of the photos from the 1860s were in 3-D (including some of the more famous Civil War shots), it's odd to see it coming back. Trips this year: Civil War Trust conferences (Savannah, GA, Chattanooga, TN), New Jersey over Memorial Day for my birthday (people never seem to visit New Jersey -- it's always just a pit stop on the way to New York. I thought I might as well spend a few days there. Despite some nice places, it still ended up a pit stop for me -- New York City was infinitely more interesting), my 6th consecutive San Diego Comic-Con trip (including Las Vegas, Los Angeles, and San Francisco). Ego strokes: Author photos that I took were used on two book jackets this year: Jason Emerson's book "The Dark Days of Abraham Lincoln's Widow As Revealed by Her Own Letters" and Dennis L. Noble's "The U.S. Coast Guard's War on Human Smuggling." I also had a photo of Jason Stelter published in the Washington Examiner and a picture of Miss DC, Ashley Boalch, published in the Washington Post. Number of photos taken this year: just over 390,000.
Connection Not Secure messages? Those warnings you get from your browser about this site not having secure connections worry some people. This means this site does not have SSL installed (the link is http:, not https:). That's bad if you're entering credit card numbers, passwords, or other personal information. But this site doesn't collect any personal information so SSL is not necessary. Life's good!
Limiting Text: You can turn off all of this text by clicking this link: [Thumbnails Only]
Photo Contact: [Email Bruce Guthrie].