BGuthrie Photos: MD -- Colmar Manor neighborhood

MD -- Colmar Manor neighborhood:

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[1] COLMAR_190706_05.JPG	[2] COLMAR_190706_08.JPG	[3] COLMAR_190706_11.JPG
[4] COLMAR_190706_14.JPG	[5] COLMAR_190706_16.JPG	[6] COLMAR_190706_23.JPG
[7] COLMAR_190706_26.JPG	[8] COLMAR_190706_32.JPG	[9] COLMAR_190706_37.JPG
[10] COLMAR_190706_40.JPG	[11] COLMAR_190706_46.JPG

Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. COLMAR_190706_08.JPG: Battle of Bladensburg Star-Spangled Banner National Historic Trail The Road to the Capital The War of 1812 raged on land and sea, touching every border of the young nation. On August 24, 1814, after two years at war, the Americans faced the British here at Bladensburg. While the American militia were unable to hold back the British attack at the Anacostia River, Marines and sailors -- - including U. S. Chesapeake Flotillamen -- set up a defense blocking the road outside present-day Fort Lincoln Cemetery. After hours of intense fighting, American forces were overrun and British troops marched to invade the Nation's Capital. In the summer of 1814, the landscape of the battlefield was very different than today. Once outside the village of Bladensburg in modern Cottage City and Colmar Manor, buildings gave way to open countryside -- gently rolling terrain with farm fields, orchards and forests.
2. COLMAR_190706_11.JPG: This map shows the progression of the Battle from the Town of Bladensburg toward the Capitol via the turnpike (Modern U.S. Alt 1) and Bunker Hill Road.
3. COLMAR_190706_14.JPG: In the summer of 1814, the landscape of the battlefield was very different than today. Once outside the village of Bladensburg in modern Cottage City and Colmar Manor, buildings gave way to open countryside -- gently rolling terrain with farm fields, orchards and forests.
4. COLMAR_190706_16.JPG: Battle of Bladensburg Star-Spangled Banner National Historic Trail Famous Footsteps As the militia – local citizens -- defended this road, then known as the Bladensburg or Washington turnpike, from approaching British troops in 1814, three historical figures stood in the thick of the battle at or near this point: President Madison, Secretary of State James Monroe, and Francis Scott Key. They were making and preparing plans for the battle alongside commanding General William Winder and Secretary of War John Armstrong. Francis Scott Key was here acting as an aide to American General Walter Smith of the Georgetown militia and helping direct positions of troops. After the battle, Key traveled to Baltimore with American agent for prisoners of war John Stuart Skinner to seek the release of William Beanes of Upper Marlboro. While waiting aboard the truce ship in Baltimore's harbor, Key witnessed the bombardment of Fort McHenry and was inspired to write what would become America's national anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner." James Madison, the fourth president and the principal writer of the United States Constitution, was the only sitting president to lead troops into battle. At one point on the Bladensburg battlefield, he rode ahead of his troops and nearly crossed into enemy lines but was turned back by an American scout. James Monroe, the fifth president, was serving as secretary of state to president Madison. For days before the Battle of Bladensburg, Monroe rode across the countryside scouting the British troops, trying to determine where they would strike -- Baltimore or Washington?
5. COLMAR_190706_23.JPG: James Madison, the fourth president and the principal writer of the United States Constitution, was the only sitting president to lead troops into battle. At one point on the Bladensburg battlefield, he rode ahead of his troops and nearly crossed into enemy lines but was turned back by an American scout.
6. COLMAR_190706_26.JPG: James Monroe, the fifth president, was serving as secretary of state to president Madison. For days before the Battle of Bladensburg, Monroe rode across the countryside scouting the British troops, trying to determine where they would strike -- Baltimore or Washington?
7. COLMAR_190706_32.JPG: Star-Spangled Banner National Historic Trail Second Line Falls The Second of three defensive lines blocking the British advance on Washington stretched along here. It was located on the first set of hills overlooking the river. The American militia was unprepared to face seasoned war veterans. Holding firm against the initial assault at the bridge, the militia gave way as the British rushed again, pushing through the first two lines. Only the third remained. "The American Troops were drawn up in three lines, like so many regiments upon a gala parade, while guns were used as connecting links to a chain..." -- British Lieutenant George Robert Gleig, eyewitness Bladensburg Races: Many Americans blamed lack of leadership on the field for the perceived rout at Bladensburg. During a congressional inquiry, Brigadier General William Winder was said to be "unfit for any important command." In 1816 an anonymous poem, "Bladensburg Races" pointed to ineffective leadership as well from President Madison and Secretary James Monroe.
8. COLMAR_190706_37.JPG: "The American Troops were drawn up in three lines, like so many regiments upon a gala parade, while guns were used as connecting links to a chain..." -- British Lieutenant George Robert Gleig, eyewitness
9. COLMAR_190706_40.JPG: Bladensburg Races: Many Americans blamed lack of leadership on the field for the perceived rout at Bladensburg. During a congressional inquiry, Brigadier General William Winder was said to be "unfit for any important command." In 1816 an anonymous poem, "Bladensburg Races" pointed to ineffective leadership as well from President Madison and Secretary James Monroe.
Wikipedia Description: Colmar Manor, Maryland
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Colmar Manor is a town located in Prince George's County, Maryland, in the United States. As of the 2010 census, the town had a population of 1,404. As the town developed at the beginning of the 20th century, it assumed a name derived from its proximity to the District of Columbia—the first syllable of Columbia and that of Maryland were combined to form "Colmar". Colmar Manor was incorporated in 1927.

History

19th Century

The town is home to Dueling Creek, formerly in Bladensburg, Maryland, a small waterway that because of its secluded location was a popular site for dueling. Duels were banned in neighboring Washington, D.C., but legal in Maryland, and Dueling Creek was the site for more than 50 duels between 1808 and 1868. The most famous duel fought on the site was on March 22, 1820, between Stephen Decatur and James Barron. Decatur was mortally wounded in the exchange.

During the War of 1812, on August 24, 1814, the area was the scene of the Battle of Bladensburg. The place became a battlefield again in the early days of the Civil War when Confederate troops mounted an assault on Battery Jameson, Fort Lincoln, now northeast Washington, D.C., which was one of a number Union defensive forts built around the nation's capital to protect it from capture. The remains of Fort Lincoln are located on the hillside that is now a part of Fort Lincoln Cemetery.

20th Century

In 1912, the Capitol Cemetery of Prince George's County was incorporated on the Washington, D.C., boundary line. Directly north of the cemetery was the Shreve estate. The Shreve house was destroyed in the 1890s. The 260-acre (1.1 km2) farm site was used by the 6,000 jobless men from Ohio who descended on the Capitol in 1894 as "Coxey's Army". Bladensburg Road traversed the area, becoming more heavily traveled in the 1920s, and eventually became designated as U.S. Route 1. Part of the former Shreve estate was subdivided into building lots in 1918. The lots were 50 feet (15 m) wide by 100 feet (30 m) deep, arranged along a grid pattern of streets. The streets were originally named after President Woodrow Wilson (1913–21), members of his cabinet, and other prominent men of the era. Some time later, the streets were renamed to conform to the system in use in the District of Columbia. The location of the development within the first service area of the Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission offered homeowners modern water and sewer lines. The houses constructed were modest one- and two-story wood-frame buildings. In 1931, the town's streets were paved and gutters were installed. A concrete block municipal building was constructed in 1934, followed by the construction of a brick schoolhouse in 1935. In 1959, a new municipal building was constructed to house the town's administrative offices and police department.

During the second half of the 20th century, the area along Bladensburg Road, now known as Alternate Route 1, became lined with commercial establishments, and much of the housing stock was used as rental units. A large urban renewal project in the 1970s and 1980s resulted in the demolition of many commercial properties along Bladenburg Road. The old businesses were replaced with new structures such as fast food restaurants and a shopping center. Streets and houses were also improved. The Colmar Manor Community Park was established along the west bank of the Anacostia River in the 1970s on the site of a sanitary landfill.

In 1999, Colmar Manor, Bladensburg, and Cottage City were lauded by the Joint Center for Sustainable Communities for their collaboration with Prince George's County for the Port Towns Revitalization Initiative, which created a common Port Towns identity for the towns; encouraged businesses development through infrastructure and fa�ade improvements; acquisition of historic properties and plans for their reuse; and reconstruction of the Bladensburg waterfront and marina.
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