BGuthrie Photos: MD -- Historic National Road @ Boonsboro

MD -- Historic National Road @ Boonsboro:

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Copyrights: All pictures were taken by amateur photographer Bruce Guthrie (me!) who retains copyright on them. Free for non-commercial use with attribution. See the [Creative Commons] definition of what this means. "Photos (c) Bruce Guthrie" is fine for attribution. (Commercial use folks including AI scrapers can of course contact me.) Feel free to use in publications and pages with attribution but you don't have permission to sell the photos themselves. A free copy of any printed publication using any photographs is requested. Descriptive text, if any, is from a mixture of sources, quite frequently from signs at the location or from official web sites; copyrights, if any, are retained by their original owners.

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[1] NRBOON_160811_01.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[2] NRBOON_160811_05.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)	[3] NRBOON_160811_09.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)
[4] NRBOON_160811_12.JPG Medium (Email) (Bigger?)

Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. NRBOON_160811_01.JPG: Town of Boonsboro Maryland uses Macadam to Complete the National Road The National Road from Baltimore to Cumberland was comprised of a series of privately funded turnpikes. By 1822, the road was complete except for the ten miles between Boonsboro and Hagerstown. In August of the year, under pressure from the state legislature, Boonsboro and Hagerstown bank directors formed the Boonsboro Turnpike Company to complete the final section. The National Road, from Baltimore to Cumberland, was often called the "Bank Road," because the state government enlisted local banks to finance the building of this vital economic link with the west. Federal funding was used to build the road from Cumberland to Wheeling, and eventually to the Mississippi River. The Turnpike Company used a revolutionary new paving system, invented by Scotsman John Loudon MacAdam. Its use here in 1823 was the first time that true macadam was used in the United States. After a century of macadam, concrete again revolutionized road surfaces in the early 1900s. First American Macadam Road: National Road workmen, often wearing goggles to protect their eyes, pounded stones into pieces with small hammers. Inspectors passed each stone through a three-inch ring to assure proper size. Other workers raked the stones level in three layers on a prepared roadbed. The surface was rolled smooth with a cast-iron roller. The top layer, cemented with rain water, became as hard as concrete.
2. NRBOON_160811_05.JPG: First American Macadam Road: National Road workmen, often wearing goggles to protect their eyes, pounded stones into pieces with small hammers. Inspectors passed each stone through a three-inch ring to assure proper size. Other workers raked the stones level in three layers on a prepared roadbed. The surface was rolled smooth with a cast-iron roller. The top layer, cemented with rain water, became as hard as concrete.
3. NRBOON_160811_09.JPG: Dr. S. S. Davis drives the first automobile over the National road in Boonsboro circa 1912.
4. NRBOON_160811_12.JPG: Making a "Macadamized" road became much more efficient with steam engines, used here to power rollers that flatten and compact the National Road not far from here, along South Mountain.
Bigger photos? To save server space, the full-sized versions of these images have either not been loaded to the server or have been removed from the server. (Only some pages are loaded with full-sized images and those usually get removed after three months.) I still have them though. If you want me to email them to you, please send an email to guthrie.bruce@gmail.com and I can email them to you, or, depending on the number of images, just repost the page again will the full-sized images.
2016 photos: Seven relatively short trips this year: two Civil War Trust conference (Gettysburg, PA and West Point, NY, with a side-trip to New York City), my 11th consecutive San Diego Comic-Con trip (including sites in Utah, Nevada, and California), a quick trip to Michigan for Uncle Wayne's funeral, two additional trips to New York City, and a Civil Rights site trip to Alabama during the November elections. Being in places where people died to preserve the rights of minority voters made the Trumputin election even more depressing. Equipment this year: I continued to use my Fuji XS-1 cameras but, depending on the event, I also used a Nikon D7000. Number of photos taken this year: just over 610,000.
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Photo Contact: [Email Bruce Guthrie].