BGuthrie Photos: MD -- Monocacy Natl Battlefield -- Thomas Farm ("Araby") (incl VT and PA monuments)

MD -- Monocacy Natl Battlefield -- Thomas Farm ("Araby") (incl VT and PA monuments):

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. MONOTH_150828_003.JPG: Final Stand Monocacy National Battlefield The Union troops held the Confederates at bay for most of the day. Around 4:30 p.m. the Union front collapsed and fell back to the Georgetown Pike, where they used the protection of the road bank in their final stand. The Union soldiers fronted Thomas Farm and spread to the right toward the river. The Confederates turned the right end to the Union line where their defense was weakest. The battle was lost and the Union army retreated. "So profuse was the flow of blood from the wounded of both forces, that it reddened the stream for more than one hundred yards below." - -- Confederate Major General John B. Gordon "The rebels attacked charging in several close lines on our single line. They were repulsed twice with very heavy loss...the road and yard were literally filled with them." - -- Sergeant James Read, 10th Vermont Infantry
2. MONOTH_150828_024.JPG: A Bold Plan In June 1864, with Union Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant intent on destroying Confederate General Robert E. Lee's army, Lee developed a bold plan to capture Washington, D.C. He sent Lieutenant General Jubal A. Early with 15,000 troops to invade the North. Pushing through the Shenandoah Valley to Frederick, Maryland, Early expected to encounter minor resistance, but instead he found an opposing force of 6,600 troops he had not anticipated. Although his army prevailed at the Battle of Monocacy on July 9, 1864, the delay cost Early his chance to take Washington and, perhaps, to turn the war in favor of the Confederacy. "I therefore decided...to turn down the valley...to threaten Washington and if I find an opportunity -- to take it." - -- Confederate Lieutenant General Jubal A. Early 1864 Valley Campaign: Early departed Richmond on June 13, secured the Shenandoah Valley, and moved into Maryland. He fought Union Troops, reinforced by Grant, at Monocacy on July 9. Early then advanced on the defenses of Washington and reached Fort Stevens on July 11. On July 12 Early found the odds to great and retreated into Virginia.
3. MONOTH_150828_030.JPG: "I therefore decided...to turn down the valley...to threaten Washington and if I find an opportunity -- to take it." - -- Confederate Lieutenant General Jubal A. Earlyeated into Virginia.
4. MONOTH_150828_032.JPG: Thomas Farm: C. Keefer Thomas purchased "Araby" in 1860 to escape the dangers of the war in Baltimore. Little did he know that four years later the severest fighting at the Battle of Monocacy would take place on his farm.
5. MONOTH_150828_038.JPG: Civilians Under Siege Monocacy National Battlefield On the morning of July 9, 1864, C. Keefer Thomas hosted two Union officers at his breakfast table, talking about the impeding battle. Later that morning as the battle drew near, the Thomas family, with several houseguests, neighbors, enslaved laborers, and dogs, entered the farmhouse cellar.Here they experienced "hours of suspense, anxiety, and at times, terror," as one guest later recalled. Caught in a tug-of-war, the house was bombarded by artillery and minie balls, suffering significant damage. As the Union troops retreated, the cellar occupants emerged to find the farm in shambles with hundreds of dead and wounded soldiers scattered about the farm. "I rushed into the house...and found them in the cellar frightened to death." -- Major Peter Vrendenburgh, 14th New Jersey Regiment, had befriended the Thomas family two years earlier when his regiment guarded the junction. Thomas House, 1893. Close-up shows battle damage in front porch column. Thomas House, 1893, with 10th Vermont veteran Captain George E. Davis at left. Cornelius, Richard, and Antoinette Gambrill (circled at left in this 1880's photograph) took refuge with the Thomases in the cellar during the battle.
6. MONOTH_150828_043.JPG: Thomas House, 1893. Close-up shows battle damage in front porch column.
7. MONOTH_150828_046.JPG: Cornelius, Richard, and Antoinette Gambrill (circled at left in this 1880's photograph) took refuge with the Thomases in the cellar during the battle.
8. MONOTH_150828_049.JPG: "I rushed into the house...and found them in the cellar frightened to death." -- Major Peter Vrendenburgh, 14th New Jersey Regiment, had befriended the Thomas family two years earlier when his regiment guarded the junction.le.
9. MONOTH_150828_051.JPG: Final Attack "Come on, Georgians, follow me and we will show these (Confederate) cavalrymen how to fight." -- Confederate General Clement Evans (As heard by Private N. Harris, 16th Virginia Cavalry) After the failed cavalry attacks on Thomas Farm, Confederate General Gordon's division of 3,500 infantry men assembled on the Worthington Farm. At 3:30 p.m., Gordon sent three brigades -- led by Generals Evans, York, and Terry -- to attack in sequence from the right to the left. Union troops, nearly 3,200 strong, fought stubbornly against Evans' brigade, but were forced back to the Georgetown Pike when York's brigade collapsed the middle of their defensive line. The Pike's banks swelled with Union troops as they occupied this excellent defensive position, which would make it hard for the Confederates to dislodge them. The Union defense near the river was vulnerable. Terry's brigade hit it hard, as did the Confederate artillery from across the river. The Union right fell back from the river, creating a gaping hole in their defense. Major General John B. Gordon commanded the Confederate infantry attack. Brigadier General James B. Ricketts commanded the Union defense at the Thomas Farm. This 1940s photograph looking west toward the Worthington Farm depicts a landscape reminiscent of the July 9, 1864 battle.
10. MONOTH_150828_059.JPG: This 1940s photograph looking west toward the Worthington Farm depicts a landscape reminiscent of the July 9, 1864 battle.
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