VHSSTO_210905_78
Existing comment: Trench Warfare

The extensive use of interconnected lines of field fortifications -- trenches and obstructions -- defined the campaign to capture Richmond and Petersburg. By April 1865, the opposing armies had constructed thirty-seven miles of earthen fortifications. These types of defenses were not new to war, and both sides understood that using them multiplied a defender's strength by a factor of three.
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