Existing comment:
1870:
The Fifteenth Amendment to the US Constitution gave all American citizens the right to vote, regardless of "race, color, or previous condition of servitude." California voted against the amendment.
The School Law of California called for separate schools to educate African Americans and California Indian children.
1871:
The San Francisco school board barred Chinese students from all public schools.
1872:
Eleven year-old African American student Mary Frances Ward was denied admission to her local San Francisco school because of her race. Ward and her mother sued the school board, but the California Supreme Court ruled that separate education for the races was legal.
1879:
California's new constitution authorized cities and towns to restrict or forbid the residence of Chinese people.
1885:
The parents of Mamie Tape convinced the San Francisco school board to provide an education for their daughter. The city opened a segregated Chinese school.
1913:
The National Association of Real Estate Boards (NAREB) advised real estate agents to prevent "residential racial mixing" when buying and selling homes.
California passed an Alien Land Law prohibiting "aliens ineligible for citizenship" from purchasing property in the state. This affected Chinese, Indian, Japanese, and Korean immigrants, who were forbidden by law from becoming citizens. |