Existing comment:
Punishment: Degradation, Deportation, Imprisonment on Devil's Island:
Before deportation and life imprisonment, Dreyfus was publicly humiliated by military degradation in the main courtyard of the Ecole Militaire in Paris before his peers and a huge angry crowd. He was incarcerated in solitary confinement on Devil's Island, the infamous penal colony located in French Guinea along the northeast coast of South America. |