Existing comment:
St. Louis in 1846:
In 1846, St. Louis was a rapidly-growing city of over 40,000 people; by 1850, there were 81,914 residents, including 2,656 slaves and 1,398 free persons of color. Located near the confluence of the Mississippi and Missouri rivers, St. Louis was founded as a fur trading post in 1764, a key link in the chain of the Indian trade with the upper reachers of the Missouri River. By 1846, another layer had been added to St. Louis' trade prominence with the rise of the steamboat and the city's central location on the Western river systems. St. Louis attracted like-minded, commercially-oriented people, who came to make money and perhaps fortunes.
St, Louis was the great distribution point for commercial goods in the American West during these years, as the Oregon-California Trail and the Sante Fe Trail drew emigrants to the far West for land and later for gold. By 1844, boats averaging 300 tons of cargo made 2,100 landings at the levee. Manufacturing was on the rise in the city, the largest businesses being grain milling, cast iron founding (particularly of stoves), shoe manufacture, and the brewing of beer. During the 1840s, St. Louis became a magnet for people from around the country and the world. Some used it as the gateway to the west, others as a permanent destination.
In 1846, thousands of US soldiers were in St. Louis as tensions between the United States and Mexico broke out over a border dispute in Texas. Because Missouri had strong connections to Mexican territories via the Sante Fe Trail, St. Louis served as a staging area for men, horses, mules, and equipment needed for the war.
African Americans were a part of this St. Louis milieu from the time of its first European settlement. Several prominent early residents were free blacks who were landowners and craftsmen. Life changed for slaves who had lived under the French and Spanish systems with the United States occupation in 1804, when the so-called "black laws" added far more restrictive regulations to slave life. The State of Missouri was admitted to the Union in 1821 amid controversy over the insistence of the St. Louis power elite that it would join the Union as a slave state; only the Missouri Compromise of 1820, which included the admission of the free state of Maine as a balance of power in the Senate, averted a national crisis. |