BGuthrie Photos: DC -- Natl Museum of American History -- Exhibit: Entertainment Nation

DC -- Natl Museum of American History -- Exhibit: Entertainment Nation:

Bruce Guthrie Photos Home Page: [Click here] to go to Bruce Guthrie Photos home page.

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Copyrights: All pictures were taken by amateur photographer Bruce Guthrie (me!) who retains copyright on them. Free for non-commercial use with attribution. See the [Creative Commons] definition of what this means. "Photos (c) Bruce Guthrie" is fine for attribution. (Commercial use folks including AI scrapers can of course contact me.) Feel free to use in publications and pages with attribution but you don't have permission to sell the photos themselves. A free copy of any printed publication using any photographs is requested. Descriptive text, if any, is from a mixture of sources, quite frequently from signs at the location or from official web sites; copyrights, if any, are retained by their original owners.

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. ENTER_221207_01.JPG: Are you experienced? Join the Entertainment Nation
2. ENTER_221207_05.JPG: Are you a champion? Join the Entertainment Nation
3. ENTER_221207_08.JPG: Encuentra la Fuerza
4. ENTER_221207_27.JPG: Are You an Outlaw? Join the Entertainment Nation
5. ENTER_221207_34.JPG: Looking for Oz? Join the Entertainment Nation
6. ENTER_221207_37.JPG: Are You Fly? Join the Entertainment Nation
7. ENTER_221210_0010.JPG: 1956 "The weapon that we will use is the cool line." -- Dizzy Gillespie
8. ENTER_221210_0014.JPG: Dizzy Gillespie's trumpet, 1977 This custom–made "Silver Flair" trumpet belonged to renowned trumpeter, bandleader, and composer John Birks "Dizzy" Gillespie, a founder of the modern jazz style known as bebop. Renowned for his musical virtuosity and for his impish good humor and wit, Gillespie played this trumpet from the late 1970s to the early 1980s. Its uniquely shaped upturned bell was Gillespie's internationally known trademark.
9. ENTER_221210_0016.JPG: Jazz virtuoso Dizzy Gillespie was a cool, Cold War warrior who wielded his signature "bent" trumpets to battle communism abroad and racism at home.
10. ENTER_221210_0018.JPG: "Toto, I don't think we're in Kansas anymore."
11. ENTER_221210_0023.JPG: Dorothy's Ruby Slippers Sixteen-year-old Judy Garland wore these sequined shoes as Dorothy Gale in the 1939 MGM musical film The Wizard of Oz. In the original book by L. Frank Baum, Dorothy's magic slippers are silver; for the Technicolor movie, costumers created ruby red shoes to show up more vividly against the yellow-brick road. One of several pairs used during filming, these size-five shoes are well-worn, suggesting they were Garland's primary pair for dance sequences.
12. ENTER_221210_0027.JPG: Touchable version of: Dorothy's Ruby Slippers
13. ENTER_221210_0041.JPG: "May the Force be with you"
14. ENTER_221210_0069.JPG: (left) R2-D2, from Return of the Jedi (right) C-3PO, from Return of the Jedi In the fictional universe of George Lucas' Star Wars films, robots called droids (short for android) come in many shapes and serve many purposes. Two droids-R2-D2 and C-3PO-have won enormous popularity for their supporting roles in all six of the series. In the collections of the museum are costumes of R2-D2 and C-3PO from "Return of the Jedi," released in 1983 and the third film in the Star Wars series. Designed from artwork by Ralph McQuarrie in 1975, R2-D2 looks more like a small blue-and-white garbage can than a human being. In the films, R2-D2 is the type of droid built to interface with computers and service starships-a kind of super technician suited for tasks well beyond human capability. By turns comic and courageous, this helpmate communicates with expressive squeals and head spins, lumbers on stubby legs, and repeatedly saves the lives of human masters. Several R2-D2 units, specialized according to function and edited into a final composite, were used for making a single movie scene. Some units were controlled remotely. Others, like this one, were costume shells, in which actor Kenny Baker sat and manipulated the droid movements. R2-D2's sidekick and character foil, also based on art by Ralph McQuarrie, is C-3PO. Termed a protocol droid in the films, C-3PO can speak six million languages and serves the diverse cultures of Lucas' imaginary galaxy as a robotic diplomat and translator. Where R2 is terse, 3PO is talkative. Where R2 is brave, 3PO is often tentative and sometimes downright cowardly. Where R2 looks like a machine, 3PO-in spite of the distinctive gold "skin" -more closely resembles a human in movements, vision, and intelligence In each of the Star Wars films, actor Anthony Daniels wore the C-3PO costumes. Like the R2-D2 units, more than one C-3PO costume was used for each movie. The Star Wars films are much more than pop entertainment. Since the first of the series was released in 1977, they have been so immensely popular that they have become cultural reference points for successive American generations. And like other popular works of science fiction, they play a powerful role in shaping our vision of the future. Likewise, the droids are more than movie stars in these influential films. They are also indicators of the place of robots in the American experience. Conceived at a time when more robots inhabited the imaginative worlds of science fiction than the real world, R2-D2 and C-3PO represent the enduring dream of having robots as personal servants, to do things we will not or cannot do for ourselves. Today, real robots are more numerous. They mostly work on industrial production lines, but researchers are working to extend the use of robots for tasks not humanly possible. It is likely we will see more of them in the future--as aids for medicine and surgery, for military and security, and even for exploring, if not a galaxy far away, at least the far reaches of our own solar system.
15. ENTER_221210_0077.JPG: For more than 150 years, entertainment has provided a FORUM for important NATIONAL CONVERSATIONS about what kind of people we are -- and want to be.
16. ENTER_221210_0080.JPG: 1955 "Just call me Kermit." -- Kermit the Frog
17. ENTER_221210_0084.JPG: The Original Kermit Puppet This Kermit the Frog puppet was created by Jim Henson in 1955 for Sam and Friends. It is the first Kermit puppet, and it is made from Jim Henson’s mother’s old spring coat and a pair of Jim’s blue jeans. Henson used ping pong balls for the eyes. Kermit started as a lizard-like character and evolved into a frog over time. A newer version of this Kermit that was a brighter green color began to be used in 1963 when color television became more common. Subtle changes to his collar and feet were made as newer versions of Kermit were created, but the Kermit we recognize today has not really changed since 1973. When creating Kermit, Jim Henson wanted a puppet that was more capable of expression than those made with harder materials. There is no stuffing in Kermit’s head, meaning the puppeteer’s hand is the only thing inside. This allows for every subtle movement of the puppeteer’s fingers to become a subtle expression change in Kermit. Sam and Friends was a five-minute show that aired on the local NBC affiliate station in Washington, D.C., WRC-TV. It featured a cast of hand puppets created by Jim Henson and his eventual wife Jane Nebel that often lip-synched to popular songs or comedy records. It aired from 1955 to 1961.
18. ENTER_221210_0092.JPG: Harry the Hipster Puppet from Sam and Friends Harry the Hipster is a hand puppet from Sam and Friends. This is the original Harry the Hipster puppet created by Jim Henson in September 1954. Harry the Hipster loved jazz and always spoke in slang. Sam and Friends was a five-minute show that aired on the local NBC affiliate station in Washington, D.C., WRC-TV. It featured a cast of hand puppets created by Jim Henson and his eventual wife Jane Nebel that often lip-synched to popular songs or comedy records. It aired from 1955 to 1961.
19. ENTER_221210_0106.JPG: Tennis Outfit, Worn by Althea Gibson Althea Gibson (1927-2003) wore this tennis outfit while winning the woman's singles title at Wimbeldon in 1957. In the match she defeated fellow American Darlene Heard. Gibson was the first African-American to play in, and win, Wimbledon. She hoisted the prestigious event's silver trophy twice, in 1957 and 1958. She was also the first black woman to play in the U.S. Tennis Championships (1950) win the U.S. Open, and complete a Grand-Slam. Gibson also broke the color barrier in professional golf when she joined the LPGA in 1964.
20. ENTER_221210_0116.JPG: "At last! At last!" 1957 In a world of tennis whites, Althea Gibson shattered the color barrier.
21. ENTER_221210_0122.JPG: Jacket worn by Wilson Jermaine Heredia as Angel in Rent Wilson Jermaine Heredia wore this jacket as Angel in the original Broadway production of the musical Rent. The jacket is made from a clear plastic drawer liner encapsulating photographs cut from magazines, and was worn during the second act number "Happy New Year" when Angel and Collins arrive at the New Year’s party announcing themselves as James Bond and Pussy Galore. The costume was designed by Angela Wendt. Rent is a critically-acclaimed and popular rock musical with music, lyrics, and book by Jonathan Larson that became one of the longest-running shows in Broadway history in its original run from 1996-2008. A modern adaptation of Puccini’s La Boheme, the show follows the story of a group of struggling artists and intellectuals living in Manhattan’s Alphabet City neighborhood as they wrestle with work, drugs, sexuality, identity, the HIV/AIDS crisis, the cost of living, and the meaning of life. The show premiered on Broadway at the Nederlander Theatre April 29, 1996 where it ran for 5,123 performances after a successful off-Broadway run at the New York Theatre Workshop beginning in 1993. The musical won 4 1996 Tony Awards including Best Musical, and Larson, who died suddenly just before the off-Broadway premiere, posthumously won the 1996 Pulitzer Prize for drama. Rent’s breakout success provoked conversations about LGBTQ identity and people living with HIV and AIDS.
22. ENTER_221210_0135.JPG: 1996 Rent's breakout success expanded national conversations about people living with HIV and AIDS.
23. ENTER_221210_0138.JPG: Prince's real guitar is in the case and there's one kids can play with in front.
24. ENTER_221210_0140.JPG: Touchable version of: Prince's Yellow Cloud Electric Guitar
25. ENTER_221210_0143.JPG: Prince's Yellow Cloud Electric Guitar In 1983, Prince hired the Minneapolis, Minnesota guitar company Knut-Koupee Enterprises to build this, likely his first “Cloud” guitar, the bold shape of which was inspired by a unique bass guitar designed in 1972 by Jeff Levin of Sardonyx Guitars. Originally painted white, the guitar debuted in Prince’s breakout film, Purple Rain, and later was painted peach when Prince unveiled his 1987 album, Sign o' the Times. Like Prince’s genre-defying music, it features a flamboyantly fluid shape, with fretboard markers along the neck of the guitar (later added) that combine male and female symbols.
26. ENTER_221210_0144.JPG: 1983 As one of the 1980s' most revolutionary musical hitmakers, Prince made it cool not to conform. Prince's groundbreaking music defied simple categorization. Likewise, the artist challenged social binaries lyrics such as, "Am I Black or white? Am I straight gay?" Even Prince's signature Cloud guitar featured a flamboyantly fluid shape and a fusion of male and female symbols that would later serve as Prince's name. Prince offended some, while inspiring others to ask: "Why should I have to apologize for being me?"
27. ENTER_221210_0150.JPG: Mae West figurine Large painted chalk ware figurine depicting actress Mae West with an hour glass figure with an overly large head and bust. It is positioned in a familiar stance of Ms. West with one hand on the back of her head and one on the hip. Her face is painted in heavy detail, with garish eyebrows, eyelashes, blushing cheek, and red pouty mouth. Remnants of glitter still remain on necklace and at dress cuffs, with an additional star design painted in glitter on front of figurine below hips. West was a famous American actress and sex symbol whose career spanned seven decades.
28. ENTER_221210_0155.JPG: Overcoat from Now Voyager Overcoat worn by Bette Davis in the 1942 film Now, Voyager. She received an Academy Award nomination for Best Actress in 1942 for her role as Charlotte Vale. Claude Rains, Paul Henreid, Gladys Cooper, and Bonita Granville are featured in the film alongside Davis. The film, directed by Irving Rapper, is based on the 1941 novel Now, Voyager by Olive Higgins Prouty. As of 2007, Now, Voyager is preserved in the United States National Film Registry in the Library of Congress.
29. ENTER_221210_0158.JPG: Swimming goggles used by Gertrude Ederle These swimming goggles were worn by American Gertrude Ederle (1905-2003) while making her historic swim across the English Channel in August of 1926. Not only was Ederle the first woman to ever complete the feat, only five men had ever accomplished the swim, and she bested their times by almost two hours. Called America's Best Girl by President Calvin Coolidge, Ederle returned to fame and a ticker-tape parade in New York City. The former Olympican furthered the acceptance of female athletics, helping make the 1920s America's Golden Age of Sport.
30. ENTER_221210_0168.JPG: Sandow's Spring Grip Dumb-Bell Sandow's Spring Grip Dumb-Bell, a strength training tool with its original metal box. The dumbbell consists of seven springs surrounded by a handle. There are screws at each end that hold the dumbbell together. The dumbbell was squeezed together for hand strengthening exercises. The metal box has a red and white label printed on the top surface with illustrations of Sandow’s arm, the dumbbell, and, printed at the top, “SUPPLIED TO KING EDWARD VII By Royal Letters Patent.” Eugen Sandow was a pioneering bodybuilder and showman known as “the father of modern bodybuilding." Born Friedrich Wilhelm M�ller in K�nigsberg, Prussia (now Kaliningrad) in 1867, he joined the circus to avoid military service and traveled Europe as a strongman. He adapting his mother’s Russian maiden name Sandov to take the stage name Euden Sandow. Under the mentorship of bodybuilder Ludwig Durlacher (also known as Louis Attila), Sandow excelled in strongman competitions and began touring as a headlining stage performer, posing to reveal his physique and performing feats of strength. Showman and impresario Forenz Ziegfeld began managing Sandow and helped refine his performance, making him an international star with appearances at the 1893 World’s Columbian Exposition, in early Thomas Edison films, and on increasingly prominent stages. By the late 1890s, Sandow began advocating for physical fitness, opening Institutes of Physical Culture where he encouraged improved diet and exercise, sponsored gymnasia, began publishing health books and the periodical Physical Culture, and marketed licensed exercise equipment. In 1901 he organized the first international bodybuilding competition, held at London’s Royal Albert Hall. Sandow’s exercise instruction and advocacy for strength training sparked a physical fitness revolution that resonated with turn-of-the-century American fears of overcivilization and declining virility.
31. ENTER_221210_0172.JPG: Touchable version of: Swimming goggles used by Gertrude Ederle
32. ENTER_221210_0175.JPG: Boxing Gloves, worn by Gene Tunney in the Long Count Fight These boxing gloves were worn by heavyweight Gene Tunney “The Fighting Marine” (1879-1978) in the 1927 title match against Jack Dempsey (1895-1983) now known as “The Long Count Fight.” Tunney had previously defeated Dempsey in a fight held in Philadelphia in 1923, called at the time the “upset of the century.” The era's increasing acceptance of mass-entertainment, as well as fascination with the opposing public personas of the two fighters, found unprecedented interest in the rematch, held at Chicago’s Soldier Field. The fight became the first two million dollar gate in American history, and millions of listeners listened to it live over the new medium of radio. Tunney won the bout, but confusion over new rules created controversy: Dempsey's failure to follow new procedures and return to a neutral corner after knocking down Tunney in the seventh round resulted in a delayed count, apparently allowing Tunney more time to recover. The "Long Count" inspired public interest and media attention long after the event.
33. ENTER_221210_0177.JPG: Knickers worn by Bessie Bonehill Velvet knickers, part of a costume worn by vaudeville performer Bessie Bonehill, a male impersonator. The dark green knickers have a white muslin waistband and are missing the button at their closure. Bonehill wore this costume while performing in New York in the 1890s. Her male impersonation act was a popular success in her native England as well as the United States, where she toured widely until her death in 1902.
34. ENTER_221210_0181.JPG: Record by Bessie Smith, 1923
35. ENTER_221210_0183.JPG: Bowtie, worn by Frank Sinatra Bowtie with grey, brown, black, and off-white pattern worn by Frank Sinatra, c. 1942. Frank Sinatra - vocalist, actor and lyricist of Italian ancestry - rose to international stardom in the 1940s and remained a stellar performer into the mature years of his career. Sinatra's first success came in 1937 as the lead vocalist of the Hoboken Four, winners on the Major Bowes Amateur Hour radio program. Harry James hired Sinatra in 1939, launching Sinatra's career as a band singer. With Tommy Dorsey's Orchestra in early 1940, Sinatra's popularity with bobby-soxers reached phenomenal proportions. Before long, the radio and phonograph listening world were made aware of his impressive talent. Leaving Dorsey late in 1942, he worked as a single in theaters and clubs and had his own radio show in 1943, becoming the featured vocalist on radio's "Your Hit Parade" in 1944 and 1947-1949.
36. ENTER_221210_0190.JPG: Pattern bat custom made for outfielder Jacinto "Jack" Calvo, 1920s
37. ENTER_221210_0197.JPG: ravel Bag used by Homestead Gray First Baseman Buck Leonard Travel bag used by Walther Buck Leonard Buck Leonard (1907-1997) played professional baseball for the Homestead Grays in the Negro Leagues between 1934-1950, compiling a.345 lifetime batting average, 724 hits, 95 home runs and 550 runs batted in. The first baseman also played in the Mexican League for Indios de Mayaguez (1940-1941,) Algondeoneros de Torreon (1951-1953,) and Durango (1955,) and played one season for the unaffiliated minor league Portsmouth Merrimacs (1953.)
38. ENTER_221210_0201.JPG: Babe Ruth Autographed Baseball The New York Yankees' legendary "Sultan of Swat" signed this baseball for a fan during a visit to Scranton, Pennsylvania. A neglected and delinquent child, George Herman Ruth, Jr. (1895-1948), best known as Babe Ruth, discovered his love for baseball while living at St. Mary's Industrial School for Boys in Baltimore. He began his major-league career as a star pitcher, but was reassigned to the outfield due to his powerful swing. With his record-setting home runs—60 in one season, 714 career total—and larger-than-life personality, Ruth thrilled fans and redefined the character of America's national pastime.
39. ENTER_221210_0210.JPG: Hillerich & Bradsby Louisville Slugger pattern bat for McGee
40. ENTER_221210_0214.JPG: "Biddy the Irish Wash Woman" Mutoscope Movie Poster Posterboard with pre-printed design and painted advertisement for the mutoscope motion picture "Biddy the Irish Wash Woman." The attached photograph depicts a scene from the movie, in which a man dressed as a woman doing laundry falls into a washtub. This poster showcases two comic themes common to early motion pictures - humor based on ethnic stereotypes and gender-bending performances in drag. Both were characteristic features of vaudeville and burlesque shows and therefore, early movie audiences found these subjects humorous and familiar. Mutoscope movies were primarily marketed to an urban and working-class demographic by the 1920s, when this poster was probably made, and films like this one showed a less serious side of America's growing and ethnically-diverse cities. The Mutoscope Collection in the National Museum of American History’s Photographic History Collection is among the most significant of its kind in any museum. Composed of 3 cameras, 13 viewers, 59 movie reels and 53 movie posters, the collection documents the early years of the most successful and influential motion picture company of the industry’s formative period. It also showcases a unique style of movie exhibition that outlasted its early competitors, existing well into the 20th century. The American Mutoscope Company was founded in 1895 by a group of four men, Elias Koopman, Herman Casler, Henry Marvin and William Kennedy Laurie Dickson, to manufacture a motion picture viewer called the mutoscope and to produce films for exhibition. Dickson had recently left the employ of Thomas Edison, for whom he had solved the problem of “doing for the eye what the phonograph does for the ear” by inventing the modern motion picture. Casler and Dickson worked together to perfect the mutoscope, which exhibited films transferred to a series of cards mounted in the style of a flip book on a metal core, and avoided Edison’s patents with this slightly different style of exhibition. The company’s headquarters in New York City featured a rooftop studio on a turntable to ensure favorable illumination, and the short subjects made here found such success that by 1897, the Edison company’s dominance of the industry was in danger. American Mutoscope became American Mutoscope & Biograph in 1899, when the namesake projector, invented by Casler, became the most used in the industry. Mutoscope viewers were found in many amusement areas and arcades until at least the 1960s. Their inexpensiveness and short, often comical or sensational subjects allowed the machines a far longer life than the competing Edison Kinetoscope. The company also found success in its production and projection of motion pictures, though its activity was mired by patent litigation involving Thomas Edison through the 1910s. The notable director D. W. Griffith was first hired as an actor, working with pioneering cinematographer G. W. “Billy” Bitzer, before moving behind the camera at Biograph and making 450 films for the company. Griffith and Bitzer invented cinematographic techniques like the fade-out and iris shot, made the first film in Hollywood and launched the careers of early stars Mary Pickford and Lillian Gish. The company, simply renamed the Biograph Company in 1909, went out of business in 1928 after losing Griffith and facing a changing movie industry. The Museum’s collection was acquired in the years between 1926 and the mid-1970s. The original mutograph camera and two later models of the camera were given to the Smithsonian in 1926 by the International Mutoscope Reel Company, which inherited Biograph’s mutoscope works and continued making the viewers and reels through the 1940s. The viewers, reels and posters in the collection were acquired for exhibition in the National Museum of American History, and were later accessioned as objects in the Photographic History Collection. Many of the mutoscope reels in the collection date to the period from 1896-1905, and show early motion picture subjects, some of which were thought to be lost films before their examination in 2008.
41. ENTER_221210_0216.JPG: A Trip To Chinatown pressbook Advertising material for the 1926 film A Trip to Chinatown, directed by Robert P. Kerr and featuring the legendary Chinese American actor Anna May Wong.
42. ENTER_221210_0218.JPG: Rube Jokes
43. ENTER_221210_0222.JPG: (upper left) Royalty Agreement for "Walking Blues" (upper right) WLS Family Album Royalty Agreement for "Walking Blues" This printed, typed, and hand-written document is the Chicago Music Publishing Company's royalty agreement for the song "Walking Blues" by composers Gertrude "Ma" Rainey and Lovie Austin. The document was signed by the composers and witnessed and signed by the A&R (Artists and Repertoire) representative, J. Mayo Williams, on December 12, 1923. As per the agreement, Rainey and Austin would receive “two cents for each printed pianoforte copy of the said work sold by the PUBLISHER in the United States and Canada only,” as well as “a sum equal to one-fourth of any and all royalties that the PUBLISHER shall actually receive from the use of said musical composition for mechanical reproduction less ten per cent (10%) for cost of collection in the form of all player rolls, records, discs, or other mechanical reproduction of the musical composition.” Gertrude"Ma" Rainey (born Gertrude Pridgett, 1886-1939) was a pioneering African American blues singer and entertainer, who became known as "The Mother of the Blues." Early in her career, Rainey was popular on the theatrical circuit known as TOBA (Theater Owners Booking Association). Between 1923 and 1928, she made more than 100 recordings for her record label, Paramount. Rainey continued to tour and record up to her retirement in 1935. WLS Family Album WLS Family Album published by Sears, Roebuck and Company in Chicago, Illinois, in 1937. This booklet features articles about the WLS (World's Largest Store) radio station in Chicago, established by the Sears, Roebuck and Company in 1924. It also features images and biographies of musicians who performed on the WLS program, National Barn Dance, one of the first American country music radio programs and a direct forerunner of the Grand Ole Opry, on WSM radio in Nashville, Tennessee.
44. ENTER_221210_0230.JPG: US Army campaign hat worn by Irving Berlin US Army Campaign hat worn by Irving Berlin in the 1943 musical comedy film This is the Army. The dark brown wool hat was likely first issued to Berlin when he was drafted into the United States Army in 1917. The already-famous songwriter was assigned to the 152nd Depot Brigade at Camp Upton in Yaphank, on New York’s Long Island. While there, he composed a musical review titled Yip Yip Yaphank, a patriotic tribute to the United States Army to be staged with an all-soldier cast with proceeds supporting a camp service center. The show was a local hit and quickly moved to Broadway, where it also found success. Berlin himself performed the show’s hit song, “Oh! How I Hate to Get Up in the Morning.” In 1942, to support the Army Emergency Relief fund during World War II, Berlin staged a Broadway revival of Yip Yip Yaphank, now retitled This is the Army. The show was a success in New York and a traveling production toured other US cities from 1943-1945. Berlin again appeared in this uniform to perform “Oh! How I Hate to Get Up in the Morning” in both the stage production and the 1943 Warner Brothers film adaptation. The dean of American popular song, composer-lyricist Irving Berlin wrote more than 3,000 songs, including “God Bless America” and “White Christmas.” Born Israel Beilin in Tyumen in what was then the Russian Empire in 1888, he was one of eight children brought by his parents to New York to escape discrimination, poverty, and violent programs against Jewish people in Russia. After his father died in 1901, Irving worked to survive, selling newspapers, waiting tables, and plugging songs. Berlin’s first hit song, “Alexander’s Ragtime Band,” became a sensation in 1911; three years later, his first work of musical theater, Watch Your Step, cemented his reputation. He wrote twenty-one Broadway scores, including Annie Get Your Gun (1946), which featured Ethel Merman singing “There’s No Business Like Show Business.” Berlin also wrote seventeen film scores, including Top Hat (1935), Holiday Inn (1947), and Easter Parade (1948).
45. ENTER_221210_0232.JPG: "God Bless America" This sheet music is for the song “God Bless America,” written and composed by Irving Berlin, and published by Irving Berlin, Inc in 1938. Irving Berlin (1888–1989) wrote the song in 1918, at the end of World War I. In 1938, with war again approaching, Berlin revised the work as a “peace song.” Kate Smith’s recording of the updated “God Bless America” became the number three hit in 1939.
46. ENTER_221210_0235.JPG: Steamboat Willie drawing Pencil sketch of Mickey Mouse holding onto a rope. This drawing was used in the creation of the 1928 short film Steamboat Willie. This cartoon is a landmark in the history of animation because it was the first Mickey Mouse film released as well as the first cartoon with synchronized sound.
47. ENTER_221210_0240.JPG: Rockford Peaches The Rockford Peaches women’s baseball team was an inaugural member of the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League. Fearing a shortage of men due to the Second World War, the League was created to offer an alternative to Major League Baseball. The Peaches, one of only two clubs to play in every AAGPBL season (1943-1954,) won four championships before the League disbanded.
48. ENTER_221210_0249.JPG: Typewriter used by Orson Welles Typewriter used by Orson Welles in the 1930s and 1940s. The Underwood 4-bank portable typewriter is housed in a leather case with handle that bears the inscription "ORSON WELLES / HOTEL DE LA / TREMOILLE / PARIS 8 FRANCE". The theater, radio, and film writer, director, and actor used the typewriter throughout the 1930s and 40s, perhaps including work on the 1938 War of the Worlds radio broadcast and other works of the Mercury Theatre, 1941 film Citizen Kane, and 1946 film The Lady from Shanghai. The typewriter has four rows of round glass keys, a decorative wood grain finish on case surfaces, and a nickel-plated shift lock lever. The paper table bears a label that reads, ''Standard Four Bank Keyboard'' in gilt lettering beneath the printed ''Underwood'' brand name. Underwood sold 1.2 million of this model typewriter between 1926 and 1947 when production ceased.
49. ENTER_221210_0256.JPG: Original Charlie McCarthy ventriloquist dummy used by Edgar Bergen This Charlie McCarthy ventriloquist figure, or dummy, is the original, the first created and used by entertainer Edgar Bergen in his popular act. The dummy is made of wood and plastic, with human hair and glass eyes, and wears synthetic fabric and cotton clothing, a cardboard and fur top hat, glass monocle, and leather shoes. In a career that spanned five decades, Bergen became one of the most popular entertainers in the United States, performing with McCarthy on the vaudeville stage and in radio, film, and television appearances. Bergen’s ventriloquist act seems a strange match for the purely aural medium of radio, but it was a remarkable success; he and Charlie starred in a series of top-rated radio programs from 1937 – 1956. Bergen acted as the straight man alongside McCarthy’s precocious and transgressive humorous banter. Despite being portrayed as a child, McCarthy was known for roasting celebrity guests (comedian W. C. Fields a particular target and returner of insults) and pursuing women, frequently flirting in provocative double entendre and innuendo that would have faced censorship if spoken by a human character. Edgar Berggren (he later changed his name for the stage) was the son of Swedish immigrants who taught himself ventriloquism while working odd jobs to support his family following his father’s death. In 1922, Bergen asked Chicago-area woodcarver Theodore Mack to make a dummy based on a sketch of an Irish newspaper boy and named him Charlie McCarthy. Bergen first dressed McCarthy in his signature tuxedo, monocle and top hat for a performance at the Rainbow Room of the Hotel Waldorf Astoria in New York City. In 1936, the duo made their radio debut as guest stars on the Rudy Vallee Radio Show and the following year began starring in their own radio show, The Chase and Sanborn Hour, on the NBC network. Bergen was a popular film star as well, making 14 motion pictures with Charlie and receiving a special Academy Award in 1938. During World War II, they toured military hospitals in the United States and made numerous appearances overseas, touring with the USO and broadcasting from Army, Navy and Marine bases during and after the war. With the declining popularity of radio, they made the transition to television with an NBC show, Do You Trust Your Wife? (NBC, 1958-1959) and continued to perform in nightclub and television appearances. Bergen was known for his showmanship, exceptional humor, and a daring irreverence. Bergen and McCarthy had a far-reaching influence on ventriloquism and other forms of entertainment, using novel and diverse forms of electronic media to help create a national cultural vernacular.
50. ENTER_221210_0266.JPG: Charlie McCarthy pinback button Pinback button printed with image of Charlie McCarthy, the ventriloquist dummy performed by Edgar Bergen. The round button is made of celluloid laminate covering a paper print over a metal frame. The front features an image of Charlie McCarthy wearing his signature top hat and monocle. In a career that spanned five decades, Bergen became one of the most popular entertainers in the United States, performing with McCarthy on the vaudeville stage and in radio, film, and television appearances. Bergen’s ventriloquist act seems a strange match for the purely aural medium of radio, but it was a remarkable success; he and Charlie starred in a series of top-rated radio programs from 1937 – 1956. Bergen acted as the straight man alongside McCarthy’s precocious and transgressive humorous banter. Despite being portrayed as a child, McCarthy was known for roasting celebrity guests (comedian W. C. Fields a particular target and returner of insults) and pursuing women, frequently flirting in provocative double entendre and innuendo that would have faced censorship if spoken by a human character. Edgar Berggren (he later changed his name for the stage) was the son of Swedish immigrants who taught himself ventriloquism while working odd jobs to support his family following his father’s death. In 1922, Bergen asked Chicago-area woodcarver Theodore Mack to make a dummy based on a sketch of an Irish newspaper boy and named him Charlie McCarthy. Bergen first dressed McCarthy in his signature tuxedo, monocle and top hat for a performance at the Rainbow Room of the Hotel Waldorf Astoria in New York City. In 1936, the duo made their radio debut as guest stars on the Rudy Vallee Radio Show and the following year began starring in their own radio show, The Chase and Sanborn Hour, on the NBC network. Bergen was a popular film star as well, making 14 motion pictures with Charlie and receiving a special Academy Award in 1938. During World War II, they toured military hospitals in the United States and made numerous appearances overseas, touring with the USO and broadcasting from Army, Navy and Marine bases during and after the war. With the declining popularity of radio, they made the transition to television with an NBC show, Do You Trust Your Wife? (NBC, 1958-1959) and continued to perform in nightclub and television appearances. Bergen was known for his showmanship, exceptional humor, and a daring irreverence. Bergen and McCarthy had a far-reaching influence on ventriloquism and other forms of entertainment, using novel and diverse forms of electronic media to help create a national cultural vernacular.
51. ENTER_221210_0273.JPG: Radio Guide This booklet is a Radio Guide for the week ending October 16,1937. Featured on the cover are ventriloquist Edgar Bergen (1903–1978) and his puppet "Charlie McCarthy." During the late 1930s, radio was a nationwide phenomenon, with over 40 million sets in use. Broadcasts covered the full spectrum of programming, from news reports and symphonies to scripted dramas and comedy-variety series. Able to enjoy varied entertainments in their homes, Americans were brought together through shared listening experiences.
52. ENTER_221210_0279.JPG: Jack Johnson Cigarette boxing card with color illustration of Jack Johnson on front of card. Johnson's stats and biography on back of card. Hassan Cigarettes, The Oriental Smoke.
53. ENTER_221210_0290.JPG: Promotional photograph of Tsianina Redfeather, around 1915
54. ENTER_221210_0297.JPG: Sessue Hayakawa Playing Card Actor Sessue Hayakawa is featured in a deck of cards circa 1916 by the Movie Souvenir Card Company of Cincinnati, Ohio. He was born Kintarō Hayakawa on June 10, 1886 in Japan. Professionally known as Sessue Hayakawa, he became a leading male actor and a global superstar during the silent film era of the 1910s and 1920s. Often typecast as a villain and due to anti-Japanese attitudes in the United States, Hayakawa sought work in Japan and Europe. He returned to the United States several years later and earned Oscar and Golden Globes nominations for his work on the 1957 film The Bridge on the River Kwai. In 1960, Hayakawa was honored with a star on Hollywood’s Walk of Fame. Sessue Hayakawa died on November 23, 1973.
55. ENTER_221210_0304.JPG: Souvenir program for The Birth of a Nation Souvenir program from the original theatrical release of the film The Birth of a Nation. The program is made of off-white paper with images and text printed in ink and a tied off-white cord binding. The program cover features an image of the United States Capitol dome surrounded by a cloud of smoke with the title of the film and name of the director, D.W. Griffith, printed below. The Birth of a Nation is a 1915 American historical drama film adapted from the 1905 novel and play the Clansman, both by Thomas Dixon Jr. The enormously influential and popular film ignited a firestorm of controversy for its ahistorical and racist representation of the American Civil War and Reconstruction eras. The movie tells the story of two wealthy, white families, the Stonemans and Camerons, as they struggle to adapt and survive the Civil War and the political and social changes it unleashed. Its racist mischaracterizations include representations of black and mixed-race Americans as childlike na�fs or violent rapists, demeaning and false portrayals of black lawmakers, and promotion of the Ku Klux Klan as a heroic and patriotic band of citizen soldiers fighting to restore white supremacy. Civil rights leaders and the NAACP organized protests against the film and unsuccessful fought to have it banned or censored. Meanwhile, the film was the most financially successful and critically acclaimed feature film of its era, became the first film ever screened in the White House (with President Woodrow Wilson in attendance), and inspired the creation of the second Ku Klux Klan. Since its release, film scholars and historians have debated and acclaimed the Griffith’s technical achievements (including innovative use of close-ups, tracking shots, parallel action, crosscutting, special effects, color film tinting, and epic score) while studying and condemning the film’s tremendous power as propaganda supporting white supremacist ideology.
56. ENTER_221210_0306.JPG: Harlem on the Prairie Movie Poster Poster for the 1937 film Harlem on the Prairie which was billed as the first “all-colored” western comedy musical. It starred Herb Jeffries, Spencer Williams, and Mantan Moreland. The film is a contrast to the inaccurate but popular Hollywood images of an all-white American frontier.
57. ENTER_221210_0318.JPG: Baseball glove used by Kelly Kiyo Matsumura Baseball used at Gila River Concentration Camp Even though 120,000 Japanese and Japanese American persons were held in America’s concentration camps during World War II, internees continued to play baseball behind barbed wire. In 1943, they cleared brush and trees and tamped down the dust and dirt to construct baseball diamonds. By 1944, organizers had set up inter-camp games.
58. ENTER_221210_0325.JPG: Marion Anderson in concert at the Lincoln Memorial, 1939
59. ENTER_221210_0338.JPG: Boxing Gloves worn by Joe Louis vs. Max Schmeling Pair of brown leather boxing gloves worn by Joe Louis in the June 19, 1936 bout with Max Schmeling at Yankee Stadium, New York City. The gloves are tied together with the laces used to string the gloves closed. They were made by Everlast Sporting Goods company. They are signed on the inside by Joe Louis and record the fight
60. ENTER_221210_0340.JPG: 1938 Joe Louis's first-round knockout of Nazi Germany's Max Schmeling -- following an earlier defeat -- made the boxing great a national hero. The entire country united to celebrate Joe Louis's 1938 defeat of Nazi Germany's Max Schmeling as a victory for democracy over fascism. But the boxer's win over Schmeling -- whom Hitler hailed as an icon of white supremacy -- highlighted the United States' own racial divides. It electrified the Black community facing Jim Crow-era racial oppression and violence and drew renewed attention to an unceasing question: Would the United States ever truly become the "land of the free"?
61. ENTER_221210_0349.JPG: 2017 The Handmaid's Tale, a streaming online series based on Margaret Atwood's novel, explored a depraved dystopia founded on women's oppression. In The Handmaid's Tale's vision of a near future, woman able to have children are a rarity. Revered yet enslaved, they are forced to conceal themselves under winged bonnets and robes and to serve as handmaids, vessels of procreation for a church-state's elite. A crossover hit, the show became a platform for conversations about women's political -- and sexual -- rights. And it raised a question: How far will patriarchy push women before they start a revolution?
62. ENTER_221210_0354.JPG: Costume worn by Elisabeth Moss as Offred in The Handmaid's Tale These red viscose sleeves are part of a handmaid’s uniform worn by Elisabeth Moss as Offred throughout season one of the Hulu streaming television series The Handmaid’s Tale. The costume was designed by Ane Crabtree for the 2017 series, an adaptation of Margaret Atwood’s 1985 best-selling novel by the same name. Crabtree chose this vibrant shade of red to symbolize the fertility of the handmaids. The show is set in the near future following a Second American Civil War. The Republic of Gilead, a totalitarian nation, rises to power during the war’s aftermath and implements a strict code of laws based on Christian theology, relegating all women to subservient, second-class citizenship. Worldwide infertitlity led to Gilead’s conscription of fertile women like Offred to lives as child-bearing handmaids for the dominant elite. Atwood’s dystopian world in The Handmaid’s Tale was inspired by the political climate of 1980s America – an age of Reagan conservatism, the rise of Christian fundamentalism, and heated debates over women’s reproductive rights and the environment. Hulu’s Handmaid’s Tale series won critical acclaim, including eight Primetime Emmy Awards in 2018, and it became the first series on a streaming service to win a Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Drama. Star Elisabeth Moss also won a Golden Globe for Best Actress. Since the series’ debut, handmaid costumes have been worn by activists in several high-profile demonstrations, including protests against the confirmation of Supreme Court Justice Brett Kavanaugh and demonstrations for women’s reproductive rights.
63. ENTER_221210_0364.JPG: 1982 A television sitcom set in a mobile army surgical hospital in 1950s Korea confronted the complexities of war. Close to the trauma of the front lines but miles from home, the doctors and nurses on M*A*S*H mixed mayhem with medicine. The hit show's dark humor spoke to audiences grappling with the futility of the Vietnam War. Even after the United States had withdrawn its troops, the show continued to inform debates about the toll of war: What cause was worth it?
64. ENTER_221210_0369.JPG: M*A*S*H Signpost Pointing the way to anyplace but here, this prop from M*A*S*H (CBS, 1972-83) reflects the characters' humorous efforts to cope with the horrors of war. The show, set in an army field hospital during the Korean War, debuted in the final years of the Vietnam War, and its antiwar theme resonated with many Americans. Its talented ensemble cast and compelling storylines earned M*A*S*H lasting popularity. The final program, broadcast on February 28, 1983, was the most-watched series episode in television history. This sign post is one of three used in the production of the show, likely a replica made for the final season of the show after the original was destroyed in a 1982 fire at Malibu Creek State Park, the outdoor filming location used throughout the series' production. Twentieth Century Fox donated the sign post to the museum in 1983.
65. ENTER_221210_0377.JPG: The ceiling and walls were pretty high tech and would should videos synched with the video display
66. ENTER_221210_0383.JPG: John Philip Sousa's baton, early 1900s Filmore Citrus Association Mexican Band drum, around 1920-1940
67. ENTER_221210_0385.JPG: Hawaiian steel guitar played by Sam Nainoa, 1934
68. ENTER_221210_0389.JPG: Technics Turntable, used by Grandmaster Flash This Technics brand turntable was made by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., in Japan. It is a SL-1200 MK2 model, originally released in 1979 as a high fidelity record player for the average consumer, and was soon adopted by radio and club deejays. This model also became very popular with early hip hop deejays and was used by hip hop pioneer, Grandmaster Flash. Grandmaster Flash (Joseph Saddler), was born in Barbados in 1958. Growing up in the Bronx, he was influenced by his father’s massive record collection. As a teenager, Grandmaster Flash first experimented with DJ equipment and became involved in the New York DJ scene while attending daytime technical school courses in electronics. The innovations and techniques developed by Grandmaster Flash established him as one of the pioneers of hip hop and deejaying.
69. ENTER_221210_0391.JPG: (center) Selmer Tenor Saxophone, used by John Coltrane Made by Selmer. Paris, France. 1965. Mark VI model, Serial #125571. Accessioned with case and accessories. Previously owned and used by John Coltrane.
70. ENTER_221210_0393.JPG: Organ Shoes worn by Althea Thomas Althea Thomas served as organist for Martin Luther King Jr.’s congregation at Dexter Avenue Baptist Church in Montgomery, Alabama from 1955 until King announcing his departure for Atlanta in December, 1959. Her performances while wearing these shoes of gospel anthems such as “Precious Lord, Take My Hand” inspired King and his congregation every Sunday during the landmark Montgomery bus boycott. A pair of black tap shoes made by Bloch, modified to play organ bass pedals. Thomas removed the metal taps on the bottoms of the shoes to use them as organ shoes.
71. ENTER_221210_0396.JPG: Guitar Paul Simon played at his concert in Central Park, 1991
72. ENTER_221210_0401.JPG: (left) Concerto Candelas Guitar, played by Jose Feliciano (right) Guitar played by Jimi Hendrix at the Woodstock music festival, 1969 Concerto Candelas Guitar, played by Jose Feliciano This guitar was made by Candelario Delgado in Los Angeles, California, in 1967. It is a custom-made guitar is of light wood with geometric pattern around sound hole and on bridge and head. Six strings with mother of pearl tuning pegs. There is a printed label: Candelario Delgado Fabricante de Guitarras Guitar Maker Luthier Concert Guitars Classical and Flamenco Made in U.S.A. 1066 SUNSET BLVD. - LOS ANGELES, CALIF. (and handwritten inscription on label): Construction Special for Jose Feliciano 1967 Candelario Delgado "CANDELAS" Jose Feliciano played this guitar on October 7, 1968 in Tiger Stadium in Detroit, Michigan during Game 5 of the World Series. He played a folk-inflected version of “The Star-Spangled Banner” which was immediately met with intense backlash.
73. ENTER_221210_0404.JPG: Microphone, used by Graciela Felipa Graciela P�rez y Guti�rrez (1915-2010) was an Afro-Cuban vocalist at the forefront of the fusion between jazz and Afro-Cuban rhythms. Graciela’s musical career began when she joined the Orquesta Anacaona as their main vocalist in the 1930s. As jazz became increasingly popular, they began to experiment with incorporating jazz sounds with popular Cuban music. When Graciela left Cuba and the Orquesta Anacaona, it was to join her brother-in-law Mario Bauza in New York City as the lead singer for his band the Afro-Cubans while her brother Francisco “Machito” Grillo served in the military. From playing son music in Cuban aires libres with Anacaona to mambo hits at the Palladium Ballroom in New York City, Graciela brought the sounds of Afro-Cuban music to audiences around the world. Her risqu� anthems “S� S� No No”, “Mi Cerebro”, and “Ay Jose” fueled the mambo craze of the 1940s and 1950s.
74. ENTER_221210_0405.JPG: Shoes Celia Cruz wore on stage, around 1992
75. ENTER_221210_0408.JPG: Guitar played by Jimi Hendrix at the Woodstock music festival, 1969
76. ENTER_221210_0418.JPG: Strange Fruit; Fine and Mellow Billy Holiday and her Orchestra. side 1: Strange Fruit; side 2: Fine and Mellow (Commodore 526) 78 rpm Billie Holiday (1915–1959,) an African American jazz singer nicknamed Lady Day, emerged on the jazz scene after a difficult and impoverished upbringing. Known for her light, rhythmic singing, Holiday performed with some of the most famous American jazz musicians throughout the 1930s and 1940s. She first performed “Strange Fruit,” a song written by a Jewish poet about the lynching of African Americans, at the Caf� Society club in 1939. Her performances of the song were filled with emotion, and the recording reached number 16 on the charts. Holiday went on to release a number of other hits, but “Strange Fruit” remained the best-selling record of her career.
77. ENTER_221210_0429.JPG: Selena's Leather Outfit About 32,000 Tejano music fans filled the seats of the Alamodome in San Antonio, Texas on March 14, 1994, to see their favorite regional musicians acknowledged at the 14th Annual Tejano Music Awards. The Queen of Tejano music, Selena Quintanilla-P�rez wore this leather jacket and satin brassiere combo during two performances that evening –singing “Donde Quiera Que Est�s” with the Barrio Boyzz and fronting her band Los Dinos singing her iconic hit “Bidi Bidi Bom Bom.”   While Tejano music was (and remains) immensely popular with working-class Mexican Americans, Selena took Tejano music to the mainstream. Selena Quintanilla-P�rez and her band, Los Dinos, incorporated cumbia and pop into their sound transforming this regional genre into an international phenomenon.   Inspired by other musical divas like Janet Jackson and Madonna, Selena’s sexy outfits broke with the outdated expectations of what female performers in Tejano music should wear. She took the shiny embellishments and form-fitting silhouettes of these pop stars and made it her own with working-class sensibility and a Texan flair. Selena’s family donated this performance costume to the Smithsonian, and it is the same one in which she is depicted at the Selena Memorial statue in Corpus Christi, Texas.
78. ENTER_221210_0434.JPG: 1994 South Texas vocalist Selena Quantanilla-Perez transformed the vibrant regional sound of Tejano music into an international phenomenon. Selena achieved unprecedented success with hits in both English and Spanish, drawing inspiration from both sides of the US-Mexico border. She cast a light on the longstanding cultural and growing political influence of Mexican American and Latinx communities within the United States. Many young Latina fans saw themselves reflected Selena's image. Her life and work still inspire many to consider: What does it mean to stay true to your roots?
79. ENTER_221210_0440.JPG: Touchable version of: Necklace with pendants, worn by Nipsey Hussle
80. ENTER_221210_0447.JPG: Bowtie worn by Bill Nye on the television series Bill Nye the Science Guy Lab coat worn by Bill Nye on Bill Nye the Science Guy Bowtie worn by Bill Nye on the television series Bill Nye the Science Guy. The navy blue bowtie is made of fabric printed with a white and red ink representation of the periodic table. Lab coat worn by Bill Nye on the television series Bill Nye the Science Guy. The light blue lab coat has five pockets, a back belt, and five clear plastic buttons. Bill Nye the Science Guy was a half-hour series produced by KCTS Seattle and syndicated by Buena Vista Television from 1993-1998. In the series, Bill Nye, an engineer and entertainer, taught scientific concepts in a fast-paced style, peppered with humor and musical interludes. Nye first developed the persona and concept for the show while moonlighting as a sketch comedian in Seattle, then received funding from the National Science Foundation and US Department of Energy to develop the program as a television series. Nye described the show as a combination of Pee-wee's Playhouse and Mr. Wizard, and its playful, accessible style made it a success with audiences and critics. After the Children's Television Act was enacted into law in 1990, television stations actively sought educational programming to meet the new federal requirements for license renewal, and Bill Nye the Science Guy became a popular choice in syndication. It was the first television program to run concurrently on both public and commercial broadcast stations, and the series won 19 Emmy Awards over the course of its run. Studies have shown that viewers of the show demonstrate increased comprehension and application of scientific facts and concepts and interest in science compared to non-viewers.
81. ENTER_221210_0472.JPG: Synthetic Amber with Trapped Insect from Jurassic Park Prop amber used in the 1993 film Jurassic Park. In the film, scientist and entrepreneurs open a wildlife theme park and preserve and use cutting edge genetics to breed and grow dinosaurs, which escape and cause havoc in the park. The ancient mosquito encased in amber and the dinosaur blood the mosquito would have sucked on, became an early source of DNA that is spliced and cloned to eventually breed a real dinosaur. Although fictional, the film brought to life the rapid advances of genetic sciences but also stoked the public's fear of what this new science, if kept unchecked, would have on the world.
82. ENTER_221210_0479.JPG: Arm cast used in Dear Evan Hansen Prop arm cast used in the original Broadway production of Dear Evan Hansen. The white cast is made of woven plastic tape wrapped around a stockinette sleeve and has the name Connor written on it in black marker. The show's creative team decided the actor playing Evan would wear a real cast, applied by wig and hair supervisor Daniel Scott Mortensen at half hour call before every performance and sawed off during intermission. This cast was worn by actor Taylor Trensch in a performance on November 27, 2018. Dear Evan Hansen tells the story of a teenage boy struggling with social anxiety, relationships, and identity in high school. Through a series of misunderstandings and coincidences (aided by social media), Evan gains popularity and purpose leading a campaign to memorialize a classmate who committed suicide, but his newfound identity is based on a lie. The play, written by Steven Levenson with music and lyrics by Benj Pasek and Justin Paul, premiered at Washington D.C.'s arena stage before moving to Broadway in 2016. At the 71st Tony Awards in 2017, Dear Evan Hansen was nominated for nine and won six awards, including Best Musical, Best Score, Best Actor in a Musical for Ben Platt, and Best Featured Actress in a Musical for Rachel Bay Jones. The show's soundtrack reached number 8 on the Billboard 200 chart, making it the best-selling original Broadway cast recording in decades.
83. ENTER_221210_0481.JPG: Cape worn by Walter Mercado Crystal Ball used by Walter Mercado This red cape was used by Walter Mercado, a well know television astrologer whose programs aired during the evening news on the Spanish networks’s Univisi�n and Telemundo throughout the U.S., Mexico, and Spanish Caribbean. Ask any Latinx Generation X, millennial, or as often identified for Latinos; Generation �, that had Univisi�n playing on in their household and they would all recognize Mercado’s flamboyant new age persona and elaborate sets that often changed from day to day. Today his image and personality spans generations and nationalities. Mercado, born in Puerto Rico, successfully navigated broadcasting at a time of change, crossing over from radio to stage, then from stage to television. His iconic costumes were used in his segments and at public events and were inspired by different signs of the zodiac to reflect love, peace, and enthusiasm. Drawing on his theater background, he used costumes to make his character stand out, thereby launching the career of arguably one of Latin Americas most recognized figures. He practiced astrology, star readings, Orientalism, Hinduism and other forms of spirituality throughout the rest of his career and in his personal life. The props, such as a small crystal ball, and other talismans, objects, and small tabletop props used on set, reflect his universal and cross-cultural beliefs and traditions. In a time of quickly changing viewing habits and channel creations, Mercado, along with handful of newscasters, daytime personalities, and a few telenovela actors, were part of the media explosion of Spanish language television in the U.S. His slot was between the hard hitting, often disturbing, world news and between the often-female oriented telenovelas (soap operas.) His popularity throughout Latin America draws on the syncretism between Catholicism and nature spirituality. He was a trusted calming voice in the community, of those who often live on the margins. He navigated the social and cultural Latinx landscape as a flamboyant character in a culture that was often very conservative, becoming an icon for the LGBTQ community.
84. ENTER_221210_0487.JPG: Crystal Ball used by Walter Mercado
85. ENTER_221210_0492.JPG: 60 Minutes Stopwatch The most-watched news program in American history, 60 Minutes (CBS, 1968- ) revolutionized television journalism with its pioneering newsmagazine format. As conceived by producer Don Hewitt, the show includes a mix of breaking news, investigative reports, interviews, and commentary. The famous opening logo, a ticking stopwatch, also marks time between segments. This watch was used on the program until the late 1990s, when it was replaced by a computer graphic.
86. ENTER_221210_0497.JPG: Washington Nationals Cloth Face Mask signed by Dr. Anthony Fauci Facemask with the logo of the Washington Nationals baseball team, autographed by Dr. Anthony Fauci, 2020 Infectious disease superstar Dr. Anthony Fauci threw the first pitch of major league baseball’s COVID-disrupted 2020 season. As a deadly pandemic ravaged the nation, major sports leagues found themselves at the center of a debate over “reopening” the country. Amidst a cacophony of misinformation and denial, the advice from Dr. Anthony Fauci, the nation’s leading epidemiologist, rang true: make the decision about resuming play “based on scientific evidence and public health judgment.” When baseball became the first league to retake the field, Fauci threw the ceremonial opening pitch—wearing a facemask in a stadium empty of fans.
87. ENTER_221210_0505.JPG: Outfit worn by Jon Stewart on The Daily Show for interview with President Obama Jon Stewart wore this dress shirt as part of a suit while hosting the television news series The Daily Show on October 27, 2010. The blue, fitted, long sleeve dress shirt was made by Armani. From 1999 to 2015, Jon Stewart anchored The Daily Show, Comedy Central’s nightly satirical television newscast. The show sometimes functioned as a parody of television news, especially the 24-hour cable news networks whose programming grew increasingly and politically polarizing in the early 2000s. Stewart’s well-informed but exasperated commentary on the absurdities of the American political system and media landscape made the show a hit, especially among young viewers. According to a poll by Pew research, by 2014, 12% of Americans got their news from The Daily Show, roughly the same reach as the national newspaper USA Today. Some commentators noted that “infotainment” programs like The Daily Show contributed to the same worrisome fusion of entertainment and news and decline of trust in journalism as cable news was creating. Several studies, however, showed that viewers of the program were just as accurately informed about current events as regular viewers of traditional broadcast news. In the leadup to the 2008 election, political candidates appeared on the Daily Show 21 times, including visits by presidential candidates John McCain and Barack Obama. Obama returned to the show in October 2010, just before that year’s midterm election; Stewart wore this suit for that episode.
88. ENTER_221210_0508.JPG: Gold-plated microphone Oprah Winfrey used during the 24th season-opener of her talk show, 2009
89. ENTER_221210_0516.JPG: Washington Wizards home game basketball jersey worn by Jason Collins, 2013 Jason Collins was an All-American basketball player his senior year at Stanford University and was drafted by the Houston Rockets as the 18th overall pick in the 2001 NBA draft. A powerful, 7-foot center, Collins was a defensive powerhouse, the most aggressive player on the team. He would later equate this need for physicality with the desire to keep the truth about his sexuality hidden. Not knowing how people would react in both his personal and professional life, Collins would play most of his professional basketball career without acknowledging he was gay. During the NBA lockout in 2011, Collins realized once his career was over he would need other options which is why he gradually let close relatives and friends know of his sexual orientation. He began hiding in plain sight with the choice of his jersey number, 98, an homage to college student Matthew Shepard who in 1998, was murdered for being gay. Collins said he “wanted to acknowledge this new identity that I was becoming more and more comfortable with. So, each time that I put on my jersey, whether it be a practice or a game, I was wearing jersey No. 98.” It wasn’t until April of 2013, that Collins became the first male athlete in any of the four major sports to announce he was gay. He became a free agent three months later and was picked up in February of 2014 by the Brooklyn Nets where Collins would finish his career having played 13 years in the NBA. Collins now serves as an NBA ambassador and is an involved gay rights activist. This home game jersey was donated by The Washington Wizards shortly after Collins made his historic announcement. While Collins will be celebrated for his successful basketball career he will be most remembered as a bringing much needed openness and change to the stereotypical team sport model.
90. ENTER_221210_0523.JPG: U.S. National Team Soccer Jersey, worn by Mia Hamm Mia Hamm (b. 1972) scored more goals in international competition (158) than any player in soccer history. In her career, Hamm won two FIFA World Cup Championships and three Olympic medals, as well as four NCAAA titles for the University of North Carolina. Her success popularized women’s soccer in the United States, encouraging many young girls to take up the sport. This jersey was worn by Hamm during the 1996 Atlanta Olympics. The 1996 Summer Olympic Games, also known as the Games of the XXVI Olympiad were held in Atlanta, Georgia with 197 countries, 6,797 men and 3,523 women athletes participating. These Games saw the debuts of beach volleyball, mountain biking, softball, and women’s soccer. These Games also saw the American women, who had taken full advantage of Title IX legislation, excel in Olympic competition. The women’s gymnastics, soccer, softball and basketball teams all won gold, propelling the US women athletes into the global spotlight and beginning their dominance in Olympic competition. Atlanta benefitted from the Games as Centennial Olympic Park led to the revitalization of the downtown area and the Olympic Village became residence housing for area universities. These games marked the first time since 1984 that the United States topped the medal count with 101.
91. ENTER_221210_0534.JPG: Storm costume from X-Men: Days of Future Past Ororo Munroe/Storm Costume from the 2014 film X-Men: Days of Future Past. Actress Halle Berry originated the role of Storm on screen in 2000. The character of Storm was introduced in Marvel Comics in 1975. She was the company's first black female supehero.
92. ENTER_221210_0537.JPG: (top) Foot prosthetic worn by Amy Purdy during the 2014 Sochi Paralympic Games (bottom) Foot prosthetic worn by Amy Purdy during the 2014 Sochi Paralympic Games Synthetic and metal foot prosthetic used by Amy Purdy during the 2014 Sochi Paralympic Games. This prosthetic has a facsimile shell of a human foot over a metal prosthetic insert. The foot has black and pink duct tape covering the toe and heel areas of the prosthetic. At 19, Amy Purdy suffered septic shock as a result of meningococcal meningitis. Due to loss of circulation, she had to have both legs amputated below the knee. Just two years later, Purdy competed in the United States of America Snowboard Association’s National Snowboarding Championship and medaled in three events. In 2005 she co-founded Adaptive Action Sports, a nonprofit organization which helps disabled athletes become involved in action sports. Purdy also helps develop her prosthetics, allowing her to perform specialized tasks with enhance agility. Purdy was the only double amputee to compete in the 2014 Paralympics Games in Sochi, where she won a bronze medal in Snowboard Cross. The first Paralympic Games were held in Rome in 1960, a week after the Summer Olympics. This tradition of holding the games for athletes with disabilities after the Olympics continues today. These first games were for wheelchair users only, but in 1976 athletes with other disabilities were welcomed. In that same year adaptive athletes from the Winter Olympics were also embraced. The 1996 games in Atlanta marked a turning point as the first games to fully include the Paralympic athletes and events under the Team USA banner. The 2014 Winter Paralympics, also known as the 11th Winter Paralympic Games were held in Sochi, Russia with 45 countries and 550 athletes participating. This was the first time Russia hosted the Paralympics with snowboarding making its debut. Five sports were featured with 72 events. American Amy Purdy won bronze in snowboard cross and the US men’s Paralympic sled hockey team beat Russia in the gold medal game 1-0. Russia topped the medal count with 80 but it was discovered that Russia’s team was supplied steroids by the state and as a result many athletes had their medals stripped. Foot prosthetic worn by Amy Purdy during the 2014 Sochi Paralympic Games Metal foot prosthetic used by Amy Purdy during the 2014 Sochi Paralympic Games is an oval shaped metal support mounted on a spring base with a square joint at the top for attaching to a leg prosthetic. At 19, Amy Purdy suffered septic shock as a result of meningococcal meningitis. Due to loss of circulation, she had to have both legs amputated below the knee. Just two years later, Purdy competed in the United States of America Snowboard Association’s National Snowboarding Championship and medaled in three events. In 2005 she co-founded Adaptive Action Sports, a nonprofit organization which helps disabled athletes become involved in action sports. Purdy also helps develop her prosthetics, allowing her to perform specialized tasks with enhance agility. Purdy was the only double amputee to compete in the 2014 Paralympics Games in Sochi, where she won a bronze medal in Snowboard Cross The first Paralympic Games were held in Rome in 1960, a week after the Summer Olympics. This tradition of holding the games for athletes with disabilities after the Olympics continues today. These first games were for wheelchair users only, but in 1976 athletes with other disabilities were welcomed. In that same year adaptive athletes from the Winter Olympics were also embraced. The 1996 games in Atlanta marked a turning point as the first games to fully include the Paralympic athletes and events under the Team USA banner. The 2014 Winter Paralympics, also known as the 11th Winter Paralympic Games were held in Sochi, Russia with 45 countries and 550 athletes participating. This was the first time Russia hosted the Paralympics with snowboarding making its debut. Five sports were featured with 72 events. American Amy Purdy won bronze in snowboard cross and the US men’s Paralympic sled hockey team beat Russia in the gold medal game 1-0. Russia topped the medal count with 80 but it was discovered that Russia’s team was supplied steroids by the state and as a result many athletes had their medals stripped.
93. ENTER_221210_0545.JPG: Gown worn by Zoe Kravitz at the 2018 Golden Globe Awards Strapless black gown worn by actress Zoe Kravitz at the 2018 Golden Globe Awards ceremony. The gown features a fitted bodice and long, slitted skirt that ends in a slight flare. This Yves Saint Laurent dress, designed by Anthony Vaccarello, was worn by Kravitz at the Golden Globes as part of a "blackout" demonstration, wherein celebrities wore all black to represent solidarity and support for survivors of sexual harassment and assault and to raise awareness for safety and equity in the workplace. Following the awards ceremony, the designers donated the dresses to be sold on eBay for Charity in partnership with Cond� Nast to raise funds for the TIME’S UP Legal Defense Fund. As the first-ever fundraiser for the organization, all proceeds from eBay’s auction helped individuals who face workplace sexual harassment connect with legal representation and public relations assistance.
94. ENTER_221210_0553.JPG: Dress worn by Constance Wu in the film Crazy Rich Asians Constance Wu wore this dress designed by Marchesa in the 2018 film, Crazy Rich Asians. Notable for featuring a mostly Asian and Asian American cast, the film was directed by Jon M. Chu and was based on the 2013 novel of the same title by Kevin Kwan.
95. ENTER_221210_0557.JPG: Constance Wu
96. ENTER_221210_0565.JPG: Pioneer DJM-800 Mixer, used by Steve Aoki Steve Aoki’s dj equipment, consisting of Pioneer CDJ-2000 multiplayer decks, a Pioneer DJM – 8000 mixer, and a RANE SL3 computer interface, creates a world of sound that melds many musical genres and styles together. Designed to recreate an analog dj set from the 1970’s and 80’s, these components use computers to manipulate and make digital music. In the case of Steve Aoki, the master of EDM or electric dance music, he uses his mixers, faders, and speed dials to produce electronic dance music to create rising beats, synthetic sounds, and hypnotic rhythms that spark conversations as much as spark dancing. Steve Aoki grew up in California in the 1970’s and 80’s to parents that migrated from Japan in the 1960’s. His father started the chain of Benihana Japanese restaurants where Steve learned a little about hard work, showmanship, and business. Steve Aoki went to college in California and majored in gender studies and sociology, played in punk band, and to make some extra money, started a music label, Dim Mak, and started to dj’s. The 1990’s Aoki’s high school and college days were set in an America that was in the midst of change. Asian American and Latino/a voices and performers were getting more and more exposure in the entertainment world. This diversity influenced Aoki’s music and came to believe in the potential music has to connect with people. He works with a varied set of collaborators who create a wild diverse set of music styles.
97. ENTER_221210_0568.JPG: Timbale Stick, used by Tito Puente This drum stick was made by Latin Percussion, Inc. in Garfield, New Jersey, around 1990-1996. It is a timbales stick, made of wood. It was used by Tito Puente in the closing ceremonies of the 1996 Olympic Games in Atlanta. The stick is printed: [signature of Tito Puente] Original LP
98. ENTER_221210_0573.JPG: Timbale Stick, used by Tito Puente This drum stick was made by Latin Percussion, Inc. in Garfield, New Jersey, around 1990-1996. It is a timbale stick, made of wood. It was used by Tito Puente in the closing ceremonies of the 1996 Olympic Games in Atlanta. The stick is printed: [signature of Tito Puente] Original LP Ernesto Antonio "Tito" Puente, Jr. (1923–2000) was an American musician, songwriter and record producer. Born in New York City's Spanish Harlem to Puerto Rican parents, Tito Puente became one of the most important Latino bandleaders, composers, arrangers, and percussionists of his generation. He mastered both Afro-Caribbean music and jazz, contributing to the development of Latin Jazz, mambo, and salsa. In collaboration with other great Latin music and jazz artists, he brought a new Latin sound to American music. The 1996 Summer Olympic Games were held in Atlanta, Georgia and marked the first time since 1984 that the United States topped the medal count. These Games saw over 10,000 athletes, from 197 countries, competing in 26 sports, including the debuts of beach volleyball, mountain biking, softball and women’s soccer. This was also the first Games in which American women, who had taken full advantage of Title IX legislation, competed and excelled in Olympic competition. The women’s gymnastics, soccer, softball and basketball teams all won gold, propelling the US women athletes into the global spotlight and beginning their dominance in Olympic competition. Atlanta benefitted from the Games as Centennial Olympic Park led to the revitalization of the downtown area and the Olympic Village became residence housing for area universities.
99. ENTER_221210_0579.JPG: Necklace with pendants, worn by Nipsey Hussle
100. ENTER_221210_0582.JPG: Prop violin used by Lindsey Stirling in "Beyond the Veil" music video Prop violin used by Lindsey Stirling in the music video for her song "Beyond the Veil." The wooden violin was made in Czechoslovakia in the 20th century and it bears a fake Stradavari label; the actual maker is unknown. In the video, Stirling is shown waking up on a beach to see a girl running into the sea; the girl is holding this violin. As Stirling pursues the girl through the water, she discovers an underwater fantasy world. That plot line is intercut with footage of Stirling playing a different violin on the beach and in a forest. Lindsey Stirling is an American musician, dancer, and songwriter known for blending a diverse variety of musical styles including classical, pop, rock, and electronic influences with dance performance. As a contestant on season five of the television series America’s Got Talent in 2010, Stirling gained an enthusiastic following among viewers who enjoyed her unique dance and violin performances, but was voted off by the celebrity judges in the quarter finals. Undaunted by their criticism, Stirling started posting music videos online in 2011, pairing mash-ups of electro-pop styles with lively steps and twirls in settings often drawn from video games or movies. Her posts inspired millions, then billions, of fans worldwide and revealed how audiences and entertainers could forego traditional tastemakers and gatekeepers to build powerful connections directly through digital platforms.
101. ENTER_221210_0585.JPG: Shirt worn by Nipsey Hussle Pants worn by Nipsey Hussle
102. ENTER_221210_0590.JPG: Real Women Have Curves screenplay This draft screenplay for Real Women Have Curves was created by Chicana playwright, Josefina L�pez. Not seeing another Latina like her on stage or screen, Lopez created a “coming-of-age” play that depicts the struggles many young women face when it comes to accepting one's body despite societal, and at times familial, pressures to look and act a certain way. She co-authored the screenplay of the movie which starred America Ferrera, inspiring young women to embrace their natural selves it also encouraged conversations about the immigrant experience, the burden to live up to familial expectations, and body image in general.
103. ENTER_221210_0595.JPG: Phoenix Suns alternate "Los Suns" Jersey, worn by Amar'e Stoudemire Phoenix Suns jersey with team name in Spanglish, 2010 In solidarity with the Latinx community, the Phoenix Suns basketball team challenged Arizona’s new immigration law on the court. In 2010 Arizona empowered police to question anyone on their immigration status, in effect targeting any Spanish-speaking person with brown skin. The Phoenix Suns decried the law as a violation of our basic principles of equal rights and protection under the law. In protest, the team played wearing jerseys normally reserved for Noche Latina, game nights begun by the National Basketball Association in 2006 to celebrate Latinx players and fans.
104. ENTER_221210_0600.JPG: Fencing mask worn by Ibtihaj Muhammad during the 2016 Rio Olympic Games Fencing mask worn by Ibtihaj Muhammad during the 2016 Rio Olympic Games has a metal mesh face piece painted with an image of the American flag and lined in red. Muhammad is an American saber fencer and is the first Muslim- American woman to wear a hajib while competing for the United States in Olympic competition. USA Fencing won the bronze medal in the team competition earning Muhammad the distinction of becoming the first female Muslim-American athlete to earn a medal at the Olympics.
105. ENTER_221210_0608.JPG: Head scarf worn by Ibtihaj Muhammad during the 2016 Rio Olympic Games Black cotton head scarf worn by Ibtihaj Muhammad during the 2016 Rio Olympic Games. Muhammad is an American saber fencer and is the first Muslim-American woman to wear a hajib while competing for the United States in Olympic competition. USA Fencing won the bronze medal in the team competition earning Muhammad the distinction of becoming the first female Muslim-American athlete to earn a medal at the Olympics.
106. ENTER_221210_0613.JPG: Randy Moss's hat, 2012, and necktie, 2018
107. ENTER_221210_0616.JPG: Necktie worn by Randy Moss at his 2018 Induction into the Pro Football Hall of Fame
108. ENTER_221210_0621.JPG: Poster for a documentary about the debate surrounding The Dixie Chicks' antiwar stance, 2006
109. ENTER_221210_0626.JPG: Toby Keith's guitar, 2010s
110. ENTER_221210_0629.JPG: Suit Ellen DeGeneres wore when she received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, 2016
111. ENTER_221210_0640.JPG: Shield used by Chris Evans as Captain America in Captain America:The Winter Soldier Captain America shield used by Chris Evans as the titular character in Captain America: The Winter Soldier. Anthony Russo and Joe Russo co-directed this 2014 action film about Captain America’s quest to expose conspiracies within S.H.I.E.L.D. and defeat an assassin known as the Winter Soldier. Joe and Jack Kirby created the character of Captain America in 1940. The superhero made his debut in Captain America Comics #1 published by Timely Comics, the predecessor of Marvel Comics. The Captain’s alter ego is Steve Rogers, a World War II service member who takes an experimental “super-soldier” serum through Project: Rebirth. In addition to comics and feature films, Captain America has appeared in a variety of animations, television series, and video games. Fans admire the Captain’s immense strength as well as his unyielding patriotism, fighting spirit, and sense of justice. Captain America epitomized World War II propaganda in the comics’ early years, but his evolution in subsequent decades signifies the importance of superhero narratives as vehicles for national dialogue. As a fixture in post-9/11 American popular culture, Captain America struggles to resolve issues of terrorism, nationalism, and racism whilst upholding democratic values.
112. ENTER_221210_0647.JPG: Buffalo Bill's Wild West cowboy paper toy Hand-cut paper toy printed with an illustration of a cowboy on horseback firing a rifle, part of a child's play set of chromolithograph cutout toys representing characters from the Buffalo Bill Wild West show. Figures in the 41-piece set include William F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody, trick riders, American Indian performers, steer, buffaloes, bulls, horses, and the Deadwood stagecoach. Produced on a set of sheets by McLoughlin Brothers, publishers of children’s books and board games, the cards were cut out and mounted on wooden bases. They could be arranged to re-create two well-known acts from Cody’s enormously popular production. One group of figures enacts “The Capture of the Deadwood Mail,” a gunfight over a stagecoach between mounted Native Americans and cowboys. The other group displays the show’s buffalo hunt.
113. ENTER_221210_0650.JPG: 1884 Wild West shows turned the subjugation of indigenous peoples into theater -- but it was the Native performers who stole the show. In the 1880s, Lakota and other Native performers in Buffalo Bill's Wild West shows captivated crowds nationwide with mock buffalo hunts, battles, and dances. The shows and their spinoffs -- miniature playsets, books, and eventually Western films -- stokes stereotypes and, for many, rationalized the US government's ongoing attacks on Native peoples, their lands, and customs. But the dazzling performances inspired more to question: How could the government continue such ruthless policies?
114. ENTER_221210_0653.JPG: Buffalo Bill's Wild West Deadwood coach paper toy Hand-cut paper toy printed with an illustration of the Deadwood stagecoach, part of a child's play set of chromolithograph cutout toys representing characters from the Buffalo Bill Wild West show. Figures in the 41-piece set include William F. “Buffalo Bill” Cody, trick riders, American Indian performers, steer, buffaloes, bulls, horses, and the stagecoach. Produced on a set of sheets by McLoughlin Brothers, publishers of children’s books and board games, the cards were cut out and mounted on wooden bases. They could be arranged to re-create two well-known acts from Cody’s enormously popular production. One group of figures enacts “The Capture of the Deadwood Mail,” a gunfight over a stagecoach between mounted Native Americans and cowboys. The other group displays the show’s buffalo hunt.
115. ENTER_221210_0654.JPG: Poster advertising Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Combined Shows Poster advertising the Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey combined shows featuring performing elephants. The color lithograph depicts 10 elephants in foreground in pyramid formation, some crouched, some standing, a woman in sleeveless pink ballerina-length dress, standing on back of an elephant on right, several more elephants on hind legs in conga line in rear of the circus ring in background, and the ringmaster with whip, red jacket, and white jodhpurs in front center. Paper adhered to linen backing. 32 half-inch grommets around the edges. In the late 1800s, debates erupted over whether the United States, like its European rivals, should establish and exploit foreign colonies. Meanwhile, circuses crisscrossed the country, tantalizing audiences with performances by the inhabitants of such lands—from elephants and other subdued wild animals to acrobatic troupes. Audiences thrilled at the exotic spectacles that served the world up on a platter—and seemed ripe for the taking.
116. ENTER_221210_0656.JPG: Touchable version of: Poster advertising Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Combined Shows
117. ENTER_221210_0664.JPG: Poster celebrating Buffalo Bil's European tours, 1894
118. ENTER_221210_0667.JPG: Italy, from Barnum and Bailey Europe Circus Wagon This wooden figure representing the nation of Italy was part of a tableau set atop the Barnum and Bailey’s Circus’ Europe Parade Wagon. The wagon was one of four Continental Floats, used by Barnum and Bailey and modeled off architectural features found on the Prince Albert Memorial in Kensington Gardens, London, UK. Each of the floats was intended to represent one of the four corners of the British Empire, the others being Africa, America and Asia. The Continental Floats were used as part of Barnum and Bailey’s Circus procession, in which the newly arrived Circus paraded through town in a spectacular fashion, generating excitement from spectators as it hauled equipment, animals and workers to it's performance site. The Wagon was made by the Sebastian Wagon Company, and was first employed by the Circus around 1903.
119. ENTER_221210_0674.JPG: “Jenny Lind's Favorite Polka” This sheet music is for the song “Jenny Lind's Favorite Polka” that was composed by Anton Wallerstein in 1846. G.P. Reed of Boston, Massachusetts published the sheet music. Jenny Lind was a Swedish opera singer nicknamed “The Swedish Nightingale,” who was so popular that P.T. Barnum offered her $1,000 a performance to come and tour America in 1850. Anton Wallerstein composed this polka to honor Lind.
120. ENTER_221210_0679.JPG: "Jenny Lind" Flatiron Trivet Cast flatiron trivet with symmetrical scroll border and scrolled-heart handle on three thick peg legs. Design depicts a goddess-like woman playing a lyre in diaphonous, flowing dress with her hair down; "JENNY LIND" is cast in below. Small circular depression on underside just above where handle meets body. Possible traces of a sprue mark on outside of proper right bottom scroll. No other marks.
121. ENTER_221210_0682.JPG: Top hat worn by Charles Stratton, known as General Tom Thumb Miniature black beaver top hat, worn by entertainer Charles Sherwood Stratton (1838-1883). Stratton, who was a little person, appeared under the stage name General Tom Thumb while working for Phineas T. Barnum's museum, circus, and other attractions. Stratton likely lived with the condition known today as pituitary dwarfism and may have never exceeded three feet, four inches in height. However, he lived a full and successful life despite facing prejudice and attempts to exploit him for his physical difference. Barnum first contracted with Stratton's parents to take him on tour when he was only five years old, and continued to employ him throughout his life. On stage, Stratton would impersonate famous people like Napoleon Bonaparte and fictional mythological characters like Tom Thumb and Cupid, but also earned renown as an actor, singer, dancer, and comedian. Stratton was a popular entertainer and became wealthy and famous, meeting royalty, politicians, and other celebrities while on national and international tours. A testament to his fame, his 1863 marriage to fellow little person Lavinia Warren was widely covered in American newspapers and periodicals, and the reception drew a crowd of 10,000 attendees at the Metropolitan Hotel in New York City. This hat was purportedly worn by Stratton while performing at Mishler's Academy of Music in Reading, Pennsylvania, where he presented it to John Christian Neidley, a stage manager. Neidley's grandson offered the hat to the museum.
122. ENTER_221210_0688.JPG: Riding pants Antonio Esquivel wore when portraying a Mexican vaquero, 1880s-1910s
123. ENTER_221210_0693.JPG: Chang & Eng, Siamese Twins
124. ENTER_221210_0699.JPG: Ukelele made by Jose do Espirito Santo, around 1890
125. ENTER_221210_0708.JPG: Set of Cock Fighting Gaffs
126. ENTER_221210_0723.JPG: Banner featuring symbols from Irish American fighter John L. Sullivan's ringside "colors", 1882
127. ENTER_221210_0726.JPG: Baseball mitt, around 1875 National League baseball, 1883-1890
128. ENTER_221210_0733.JPG: Reach's Official 1893 Baseball Guide A.J. Reach's baseball guide for the 1893 season The guide contains information about the sport's history, how the game works, official averages, and descriptions of the different professional leagues. At the time, the A.J. Reach Co. was the largest manufacturer of sporting equipment in the United States. The Philadelphia based company was bought out by Spalding in 1934.
129. ENTER_221210_0740.JPG: Uncle Tom's Cabin; or, Life Among the Lowly, Vol. I Volume 1 of Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom's Cabin, or, Life among the Lowly, published by Jewett, Proctor & Worthington, 1852 (Sixtieth Thousand Edition). Uncle Tom’s Cabin was among the most influential books in American History, and was one of the best-selling books of the 19th century. Author Harriet Beecher Stowe’s sentimental tale of enslaved people living under, suffering through, and escaping from the brutal reality of plantation slavery shined new light on the nation’s most potent political issue. First published as a series in the National Era magazine, then published as a book which sold 300,000 copies in its first year, Uncle Tom’s Cabin outraged slavery’s supporters and helped popularize political opposition to slavery. In the following decades, melodramatic Tom shows based on the book focused on theatrical spectacle and reduced its characters to stereotypes, losing the political message of the book.
130. ENTER_221210_0746.JPG: Uncle Tom’s Cabin show wagon panel Painted wood panel from a wagon used in a traveling production of Uncle Tom's Cabin. The long sawn wooden panels are braced with struts and held with nails, reinforced with thin strips of metal. The panel is coated in layers of paint including a badly faded illustration of Eliza fleeing across an icy river pursued by dogs. A strip of open weaved fabric is attached to the verso of the panel. The donor, Frank Bushey, discovered the wagon in Windsor, Vermont, where its owner, Mr. Ellis, told him how he had come to acquire it: decades ago, an itinerant “road show” company had come into town (Bellows Falls, Vermont) to stage a production of Uncle Tom’s Cabin, but had run up debts while unable to perform during a days-long rainstorm, and had to surrender this wagon to the local sheriff, who then auctioned it. Mr. Ellis was the winning bidder and for forty years he used this former ticket wagon as a chicken coop on his farm. Ellis gave the Wagon to Bushey, who hoped to restore the wagon and exhibit it at his Gremlin Camp for Young Boys in West Topsham, Vermont. The wagon appeared to have been used as living quarters for the proprietor of the company as well as a ticket wagon, with a window in the rear door that opened to allow for sales. Little is known about the troupe, but the wagon was used in the Vermont area around 1900, and the layers of paint reveal that the wagon advertised “Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Managerie.” The traveling show probably performed scenes from the popular play and exhibited exotic animals; correspondence from the donor indicates that this wagon traveled alongside a “monkey wagon” that has not survived.
131. ENTER_221210_0750.JPG: Uncle Tom’s Cabin Handbill Handbill for a stage performance of Uncle Tom’s Cabin which was based off of the 1852 novel of the same name by Harriet Beecher Stowe.
132. ENTER_221210_0755.JPG: Boucher Five-String Fretless Banjo This banjo was made by William Boucher, Jr. in Baltimore, Maryland in 1845. It is a Five-String Fretless Banjo, with a wood shell with a decorative strip, red painted metal hoops, 6 brackets, and friction pegs. The banjo is stamped: W.BOUCHER.JR BALTIMORE William Boucher was a drum maker and musical instrument dealer in Baltimore, Maryland. He became the first commercial maker of banjos, perhaps through his association with the celebrated minstrel banjoist Joel Walker Sweeney. His instruments were important in standardizing the form of the banjo in its transition from a homemade rural instrument to urban commercial manufacture. The basic shape and string arrangement has changed little up to the present day. Boucher’s design copied important features of earlier home-made African American instruments: the skin head, short thumb string and fretless neck. He added a scrolled peghead similar to those used by guitar makers W. Stauffer and C. F. Martin, and replaced the traditional gourd body with a thin, bentwood rim construction with screw-tightening brackets similar to that used for drumheads. Boucher’s innovations were well-adapted to commercial mass-production and urban musical tastes and played a large part in the subsequent worldwide enthusiasm for the banjo. These commercial “improvements” were never adopted by many traditional rural musicians, who continued to make good sounding instruments that were entirely adequate for their musical needs from locally available materials, at little or no expense.
133. ENTER_221210_0757.JPG: 1857 Charlotte Cushman earned renown for portraying powerful men on stage.
134. ENTER_221210_0763.JPG: Cardinal Wolsey costume worn by Charlotte Cushman, around 1857
135. ENTER_221210_0775.JPG: Lei worn by Diosa Costello as Bloody Mary in South Pacific One-piece costume worn by Diosa Costello as Bloody Mary in the original Broadway production and national touring production of South Pacific. The boxy, yellow, long sleeved zip jacket has black knit pants attached to the jacket's brown lining. This costume was worn with several Hawaiian leis. Green plastic lei worn by Diosa Costello as Bloody Mary in the original Broadway production and national touring production of South Pacific. Set during World War II, South Pacific critically examines racism and prejudice while exploring the romances and interactions between American soldiers, nurses, French colonists, and native South Pacific islanders. The critically acclaimed and popular show ran for 1,925 performances and has been revived numerous times. The original production won ten Tony Awards, including Best Musical, Best Male Performer, Best Female Performer, Best Supporting Male Performer, Best Supporting Female Performer, Best Director, Best Book, and Best Score. Diosa Costello (1913-2013) was an actress, singer, and dancer, who claimed to be “the first Latina on Broadway” in a historically significant career on stage and screen. Born Juana de Dios Castrello y Cruz in Guayama, Puerto Rico, she first began performing in the chorus at the Teatro San Jose after moving with her family to New York as a child. Taking the stage name Diosa Costello, she earned fame and fans dancing and singing in clubs and theaters in Spanish Harlem. Billed as “The Latin Bombshell,” she was booked at the La Conga Club alongside Cuban newcomer Desi Arnaz in the late 1930s. The duo worked well together, Desi leading the band with his conga drum while Diosa danced and both performers cracked jokes and interacted with the audience. They were cast as leads in the Rodgers and Hart musical Too Many Girls, which opened at the Imperial Theatre in 1939. The popular show was adapted as a 1940 RKO Radio Pictures film starring Arnaz, Lucille Ball, and Eddie Bracken, but Ann Miller appeared in the role Costello played on Broadway. Costello made her film debut in 1941’s They Met In Argentina, performing alongside Maureen O’Hara and Buddy Ebsen, and appeared in the final American Laurel and Hardy film The Bullfighters (1945) as well as the 1953 3-D musical Miss Sadie Thompson. In 1950, she landed the biggest theatrical role of her career, cast as Bloody Mary in the original touring company of the hit musical South Pacific. After touring for a year, she was tapped to replace Juanita Hall, who originated the role, in the original production at Broadway’s Belasco Theatre. She performed there for another seven months, through early 1952, and for years afterward included her numbers from the show - particularly "Happy Talk" and "Bali Hai" - in her nightclub act. In later years, Costello performed at nightclubs in New York City, at resorts in the Catskills and Miami Beach, and in Las Vegas.
136. ENTER_221210_0784.JPG: Suit coat worn as part of blackface minstrel costume Vest worn as part of blackface minstrel costume Trousers worn as part of blackface minstrel costume Trousers worn as part of a costume for blackface minstrel performances in the early 20th century. The black and white-striped satin trousers feature a red satin stripe down each leg. The trousers were likely manufactured by Hooker-Howe Costume Company of Haverhill, Massachusetts, were probably used by a member of the Fogg, Finning, and Alger troupe, who performed "eccentric musical comedy" in traveling minstrel shows in Southern Ohio and the Pacific Northwest in the first two decades of the 20th century.
137. ENTER_221210_0790.JPG: Richard Pryor Is it something I said?
138. ENTER_221210_0795.JPG: Nick Yemana's Coffee Mug from The Barney Miller Show Nick Yemana's Name Plate from The Barney Miller Show Nick Yemana's Police Badge from The Barney Miller Show Born Goro Suzuki on October 28, 1917, the actor, singer, and comedian better known as Jack Soo performed in the stage and film versions of the groundbreaking musical, Flower Drum Song, and as Nick Yemana - a laid-back and wry detective in the situation comedy, The Barney Miller Show. The sit-com featured a running joke: Soo’s character made horrible coffee for the squad. When Soo passed away during his fifth season with the show, his fellow actors raised their mugs to honor their friend and colleague. Jack Soo died on January 11, 1979, at the age of 61.
139. ENTER_221210_0801.JPG: Mr. Tambo, Black Minstrel Puppet Mr. Tambo, named after his musical instrument, starred in an unusual marionette minstrel show said to have been staged on a showboat plying the Mississippi River from New Orleans to St. Louis between 1850 and 1875. The minstrel show, considered to be the first uniquely American form of entertainment, featured whites parodying blacks. It was often the fare of showboats bringing comedy and musical entertainment, as well as negative racial stereotypes, to working class Americans in urban and rural areas. It was rare, however, that this popular amusement was involved with puppetry. Mr. Tambo was a traditional minstrel character who appeared with Mr. Bones and the MC. The rest of the show consisted of dynamic songs, dances and other variety acts, and ended with a short skit. There are at least nine surviving marionettes from this unique show, four of which are in the National Museum of American History Collection. Besides Mr. Tambo, we have a disassembling skeleton, a horse skeleton and a policeman. They are beautifully hand-crafted from wood, leather and cloth. All four were gifts of Hazel and J.Woodson Rollins.
140. ENTER_221210_0803.JPG: Dress worn by Ali Wong in her Stand-Up Comedy Special, Ali Wong: Baby Cobra Comedian, actor, and writer Ali Wong wore this dress and necklace during her 2016 stand-up special, Baby Cobra, when she was seven months pregnant. Inspired fans emulated the outfit at holidays and parties.
141. ENTER_221210_0816.JPG: Playbill: The Crucible Arthur Miller’s play The Crucible premiered at New York City’s Martin Beck Theater in 1953. Broadway audiences easily understood the story, set during the period of the Salem Witch Trials, as a critique of the anti-communist fervor engulfing the nation. Miller drew on his experiences being questioned by the U.S. House of Un-American Activities Committee, led by Senator Eugene McCarthy, when writing the tragedy. Starring Arthur Kennedy, Madeline Sherwood, Walter Hapden, Beatrice Straight, and E.G., Marshall,The Crucible won the 1953 Tony for best new play. It has now considered one of the most important works of American theater, with its text being read as part of many American High Schools’ curriculum.
142. ENTER_221210_0819.JPG: I Guess I'll Have to Change My Plans; Valse In C Sharp Minor, Opus 64, No.2 Hazel Scott. side 1: I Guess I'll Have to Change My Plans; side 2: Valse in C Sharp Minor, Opus 64, NO. 2 (Signature 15023), from the album, Hazel Scott (Signature S-1).78 rpm.
143. ENTER_221210_0823.JPG: Baseball, signed by the 1953 Brooklyn Dodgers Baseball signed by the 1953 Brooklyn Dodgers. That season the Dodgers finished 105-49, 1st in the National League, losing the World Series to the New York Yankees 4 games to 2. Autographs include Jackie Robinson; Gil Hodges; Roy Campanella; Jim Gilliam; PeeWee Reese; Billy Cox; Carl Furillo; Duke Snider; Bobby Morgan; George Shuba; Wayne Belardi; Carl Erskine; Russ Meyer; Billy Loes; Preacher Roe; Bob Milliken; Johnny Podres; Clem Labine; Ben Wade; Jim Hughes; Joe Black.
144. ENTER_221210_0829.JPG: Superman Costume, worn by George Reeves on The Adventures of Superman This costume was worn by actor George Reeves (1914-1959) on the syndicated television program, “The Adventures of Superman” (ca.1952-1958.) It was the first television show to feature the superhero, first introduced in Action Comics No. 1 in 1938. Sent to Earth after the destruction of his home planet, Superman uses his special abilities - including super-strength and flight- to fight for "truth, justice and the American way." Superman took his fight to television at at the height of the Cold War against communist expansion.
145. ENTER_221210_0833.JPG: The Lone Ranger's Mask Clayton Moore wore this black mask as the star of the television series The Lone Ranger. The cloth and plastic mask was molded to Moore's face and was part of one of the most iconic costumes in the history of American television. Although perhaps best remembered as a television series, The Lone Ranger first aired as a radio program on Detroit station WXYZ in 1933. The history of the character’s creation is murky, but contributions were made by station owner George W. Trendle, employee James Jewell, and writer Fran Striker. The Lone Ranger was once a Texas Ranger known as John Reid, but dedicated his life to vigilante justice after an ambush by the outlaw Butch Cavendish left him the only survivor of his posse. American Indian Tonto, said to be either Comanche or Potawatomi, discovered the wounded Reid and after nursing him back to health decided to join him in his mission. The Lone Ranger was an instant success, and the character became known for his black domino mask, code of honor, signature silver bullets, and horse Silver and catch phrase “Hi Yo (or Hi Ho) Silver!” According to his moral code, the Lone Ranger attempts to avoid violence, shooting only to disarm, not kill, and using silver bullets a reminder of the value of human life. In 1934 the Mutual radio network began airing the program nationally, and the series ran on radio for 12 years, the title character portrayed by actors George Seaton, Earle Graser, and Brace Beemer. Proving the character’s popularity across media, The Lone Ranger was adapted as a series of films by Republic Pictures in 1938, books, comic books, a King Features Syndicate comic strip from 1938 to 1971, and an ABC television series from 1949 to 1957. The show was a merchandising juggernaut, with licensed products including radio premiums, toys, games, home furnishings, and costumes. Though the character’s popularity had faded by the late 1950s, producers have periodically attempted revivals such as the 1981 film The Legend of the Lone Ranger and the 2013 Walt Disney film, directed by Gore Verbinski, starring Armie Hammer as the Lone Ranger and Johnny Depp as Tonto.
146. ENTER_221210_0837.JPG: Wall Mount Jukebox Wurlitzer Model 1100 Wall Selector Unit with Main Sending Unit, c. 1950, used in a diner booth in a restaurant or luncheonette and was used to operate the Wurlitzer Jukebox Model 1100 (#1999.3048.01). The remote box consists of a chrome metal box with a wall mounting plate on the back. There are twenty-four push buttons with labels for choosing a record selection. Wurlitzer machines were regarded, in their times, as having superior fidelity and reproduction, along with outstanding and eye-catching designs. The company was slow to adapt to the 45 RPM speed and the 1100 was the first of their machines to be used on a wide scale for the smaller records. (The 45 was the dominant speed for the years in which the jukebox business flourished throughout the U.S., mainly in the 1950s and 1960s.) The Wurlitzer Model 1100 was introduced in 1948. It was manufactured in North Tonawanda, New York. The machines were distributed and used throughout the nation. By 1950, when this particular model was built, there were approximately 400,000 jukeboxes in use around the U.S., and Wurlitzer, along with Seeburg, was one of the two largest manufacturers of the machines. The 1100 was the last machine designed for the company by Paul Fuller, who created the company's signature designs throughout the 1940s.
147. ENTER_221210_0843.JPG: "Don't Buy Negro Records," an anti-Black segregationist leaflet, early 1960s
148. ENTER_221210_0849.JPG: Dress worn by Diana Ross
149. ENTER_221210_0860.JPG: Signboard, Pass the Acid Test In the mid-1960s, novelist and counterculture guru Ken Kesey used this 38" x 68" plywood sign as an announcement board and invitation card to promote the activities of his "Merry Pranksters" (an itinerant band of free thinkers) during their memorable cross-country rides on an old bus named "Further." Kesey and his band drove Further from northern California to Washington, D.C., and New York, ostensibly to attend Kesey book parties. In the process they used the bus rides to encourage people to discuss anything with them, to try anything, to perform civic pranks of various sorts, and to otherwise call attention to alternative ways of thinking about the issues of the day. Like the bus, the sign is a colorful smorgasbord of offerings from the Pranksters and visitors to the bus. Splashes of day–glo paint are overlaid with newspaper clippings, political cartoons, doodles, yarn, and the names of influential West Coast figures from the counterculture movements of the 1950s and 1960s. During a 1992 visit to the Kesey farm in rural Oregon to examine the remains of Further, the Smithsonian found this signboard in the loft of a chicken coop, covered with dust and feathers. A family of foxes occupied the rear seat of Further, moldering in a field, so Kesey decided to donate this sign instead of the bus.
150. ENTER_221210_0863.JPG: Costume worn by Phyllis Diller during 1966 USO Christmas Tour Phyllis Diller wore this green dress with a metallic daisy pattern when she joined Bob Hope’s USO Christmas tour in 1966. The complete outfit consisted of the dress, a pair of green and gold shoe boots, a pair of green gloves, and a cigarette holder with a wooden cigarette. Also included on the USO tour in 1966 were bandleader Les Brown, singer/actress/dancer Joey Heatherson, singer Vic Damone, singer Anita Bryant, the Korean Kittens singing and dance group, baton twirler Diane Shelton, Miss World Reita Feria, and Bob Hope’s wife Dolores. The troupe toured around Vietnam, Thailand, Guam, Wake Island, and the Philippines entertaining troops. The subsequent television special aired in the United States on January 18, 1967. Diller was lifelong friends with Bob Hope, co-starring with him in 3 films and many TV specials. She had to change her usual material for this trip because her normal jokes about parenting and housekeeping were aimed at the people back home and not those fighting a war halfway across the world. Hope helped Diller create an entirely new routine where he played the straight man and allowed Diller to perform all of the jokes, which resulted in a bickering married couple routine. While Diller’s signature prop was a cigarette holder, it only ever held a wooden prop cigarette; she was a lifelong non-smoker. In 1978, the USO of Philadelphia, Inc. awarded Diller the USO Liberty Bell Award “for demonstrating concern for the welfare and morale of America’s armed forces.” The award is also at NMAH (Catalog Number 2003.0289.42).
151. ENTER_221210_0872.JPG: United States Naval Academy Roger Staubach Jersey This dark blue football jersey with three quarter length sleeves belonged to Roger Staubach and was worn during his final college football game at the United States Naval Academy. There are gold numbers on the back and front of the jersey, as well as the player's name, "Staubach", also in gold on the back of the jersey. "Navy" is on each shoulder and an of an Indian's head is located on each sleeve (could be Chinese Bandit caricature). The jersey is from the 1964 Army-Navy Game (when the United States Military Academy plays the United States Naval Academy in football). The game was the last game of Roger Staubach's collegiate career. Staubach had never lost to Navy in his career; however, a powerful Army pass rush would consistently pressure him, creating a safety in the first 53 seconds. Army would hold on to defeat Navy 11-8. The unusual uniform design is the handiwork of Navy head coach Wayne Hardin who brought an unusual "in-your-face" coaching style to the typically reserved Naval Academy. Ever since Hardin's first season (1959) he would outfit his team is specialized uniforms that often were meant to mock or insult the opposing Army squad. This included having "Beat Army" placed on helmets, "Drive for Five" replacing name plates on the back of jerseys and, perhaps most famous, having Jolly Roger flags placed on the front of helmets with the Chinese characters for "Defeat" and "Army" being placed on each side of the helmet. The use of Chinese characters and pirates flags was Hardin's direct way of challenging new Army coach Paul Dietzel who created and coached the Chinese Bandits at LSU (Louisiana State University). Staubach would win the Heisman Trophy, Maxwell Award and Walter Camp Memorial Trophy in 1963. After graduating in 1964, Staubach would do a tour in Vietnam for a year before returning to the United States to complete his service requirement at domestic bases where he would play on naval service teams. Due to his colorblindness, Staubach was the Naval Academy's first graduate to be commissioned directly to the Supply Corps. Staubach would join the Dallas Cowboys in 1969 where he would eventually lead the team to NFL Championships.
152. ENTER_221210_0876.JPG: Boxing Robe worn by Muhammad Ali Muhammad Ali (b.1942) "The Greatest," gained fame for his boxing skills, charisma and the controversy he generated outside the ring. In 1976 the Smithsonian acquired Ali's boxing gloves and robe for an exhibition on the American Bicentennial, A Nation of Nations. At the donation ceremony, before a crowd of reporters and cheering spectators, Ali predicted that his Everlast gloves would become "the most famous thing in this building."
153. ENTER_221210_0886.JPG: Baseball Cap worn by New York Yankee Allie Reynolds Baseball cap worn by Allie Reynolds of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation, 1947–1954 Allie Reynolds was a star pitcher in Yankee pinstripes who used his renown to promote American Indian causes. Allie Reynolds, like so many Native male athletes, had to live with the thoughtlessly pejorative nickname “Chief.” And in 1951, after he became the first American League pitcher to throw two no-hitters in a season, a sportscaster dubbed him “Super Chief.” While Reynolds tried but never shook the name, in retirement he leveraged his fame by founding the Red Earth cultural festival and leading other initiatives that celebrated Native peoples.
154. ENTER_221210_0892.JPG: Basketball jacket worn by Ray Werner as a member of the Jersey Wheelers the National Wheelchair Basketball Association Champions, 1954 Basketball jacket worn by Ray Werner as a member of the Jersey Wheelers the National Wheelchair Basketball Association Champions, 1954. As captain of the Jersey Wheelers, Ray Werner was a starting forward and leading scorer. Under Werner’s leadership, the Wheelers won the sixth annual National Wheelchair Basketball Tournament, which earned him this jacket. The slogan of the tournament was “Ability Not Disability Counts!” Ray Werner was paralyzed below the waist during his World War II service on Guadalcanal in July of 1942. He was sent to a rehabilitation hospital, where sports were used in his treatment. Werner, a gifted athlete in high school, was a perfect candidate for a new series of rehabilitation programs initiated by the federal government. Wheelchair basketball was the first sport included in these programs, and Werner excelled becoming a pioneer of the sport. He competed in the first Paralympic Games in Rome in 1960 and continued to help disabled veterans, opening a wheelchair repair shop and installing hand controls in cars for drivers with paraplegia.
155. ENTER_221210_0908.JPG: Baseball Glove, used by Sandy Koufax It was just a thing of respect. I wasn't trying to make a statement, and I had no idea that it would impact that many people. Sandy Koufax This glove was used by left handed baseball pitcher Sanford Sandy Koufax (b.1935,) while a member of the Los Angeles Dodgers. Koufax, a Jewish-American, famously declined to pitch the first game of the 1965 World Series as it conflicted with the religious holiday of Yom Kippur. The decision created controversy, pitting the demands of fans against those who embraced Koufax’s commitment to his faith. Although the Dodgers lost the game, Koufax did return to pitch in the series, helping to lead the Dodgers to the championship. Koufax’s stance, done in the face of public pressure, continues to symbolize to many the national values of personal independence, including the right to observe one’s religious beliefs and cultural traditions. Despite a career prematurely ended by injury, Koufax attained many of the game’s highest honors (1955-1966,) being named to six all-star teams, receiving 3 Cy Young trophies for best pitcher, and awarded the National League’s Most Valuable Play honors in 1963.
156. ENTER_221210_0911.JPG: Costume Zero Mostel wore as Tevye in Broadway's musical Fiddler on the Roof, 1964 Part of a costume worn by actors Harry Goz and Zero Mostel in the role of Teyve in Fiddler on the Roof. Based on the writings of Yiddish author Sholem Aleichem, the musical play Fiddler on the Roof opened on Broadway in 1964. Set in 1905, the story’s protagonist, Tevye is a philosophical dairy farmer who struggles to uphold his Jewish traditions while facing intergenerational family tensions and Russian pogroms. A massive hit, Fiddler won 9 Tony awards, and was, at the time, the longest running play in Broadway history. The play’s homage to Jewish resilience in the face of the oppression, including the celebratory song To Life, was deeply felt following the horrors of the Holocaust. Giving a sense of the fullness of the Jewish experience, Fiddler represented a religious and cultural minority that had been rarely explored in America’s mainstream popular entertainments. Adapted for the screen in 1971, the play has had numerous revivals and has become a staple of American musical theatre
157. ENTER_221210_0916.JPG: Baseball Jersey worn by Pittsburgh Pirate Roberto Clemente
158. ENTER_221210_0918.JPG: Prop manacles worn by LeVar Burton as Kunta Kinte in Roots Actor LeVar Burton wore these prop manacles in the miniseries Roots (ABC, 1977), a dramatic portrayal of slavery as experienced by several generations of one family. Based on Alex Haley's autobiographical novel, Roots began with Kunta Kinte, an African youth brought to America as an enslaved person in the 1700s, and ended with the emancipation of his descendants during the Civil War. Watched by more than 100 million people, it was a significant departure from programs that had traditionally relegated blacks to minor, stereotyped roles.
159. ENTER_221210_0925.JPG: Tennis Dress, worn by Billie Jean King during the "Battle of the Sexes" Tennis dress, worn by American professional tennis player Billie Jean King (b, 1943.) The dress, designed by Teddy Tinling, London, was worn by King in her famous exhibition match against male competitor Bobby Riggs known as "The Battle of the Sexes." King handily won the nationally televised event, held in Houston, Texas on September 20, 1973. King has won over 129 singles matches in her career, including 12 Grand Slam singles titles. She was the founder of the Women's Tennis Association and has been an influential advocate for the sport of tennis and women's rights.
160. ENTER_221210_0930.JPG: Young, Gifted and Black
161. ENTER_221210_0934.JPG: Archie Bunker's Chair from All in the Family Upholstered wing chair used by Archie Bunker (portrayed by Carroll O’Connor) in the television series All in the Family. The chair is upholstered in an orange-yellow woven fabric and has a wooden frame with wooden arms and legs. The chair was likely made in the 1940s, but its exact date of manufacture and maker are unknown; the chair was purchased for the show’s production from a thrift store in Southern California and used until the final season, when a reproduction was made after this chair was donated to the Smithsonian. All in the Family was a sitcom that aired on the CBS television network from 1971-1979. The series, created and produced by Norman Lear and Alan David “Bud” Yorkin, was one of the most popular and influential television programs of the twentieth century. It was the top-rated show on American television for five of its nine seasons, earned 22 Emmy awards, produced five direct spinoff series, and became a cultural touchstone for an entire generation. Before the series' premiere, most sitcoms had only lightly discussed political issues and social change, focusing instead on family matters and character foibles. Lear and Yorkin thought television should do more, depicting "real people dealing with real issues," and developed All in the Family to explore how American families were experiencing and debating contemporary issues and events. The duo was inspired by the British series Till Death Do Us Part, which focused on a family grappling with the social changes and political tumult of the 1960s, representing the “generation gap” of values and viewpoints between the baby boomers and their parents. Set in Queens, New York, All in the Family followed the working-class Bunker family: Archie (played by Carroll O'Connor), a blue-collar World War II veteran and outspoken conservative, kindhearted wife and mother Edith (played by Jean Stapleton), college-aged liberal feminist daughter Gloria (played by Sally Struthers), and her husband, progressive graduate student Michael "Meathead" Stivic (played by Rob Reiner). Archie frequently butted heads with Meathead and Gloria, demonstrating his intolerance and ignorance on issues of race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, and civil, women’s, and LGBTQ rights. Supporting characters introduced as foils to Archie including black neighbors the Jeffersons (Sherman Hemsley and Isabel Sanford) and Edith’s cousin Maude (Bea Arthur) proved popular enough to warrant their own spinoff series. The show’s theme song, “Those Were the Days,” was a nostalgic pean to the 1930s and Lear had the show’s set designers dress the Bunker house set in drab, sepia-toned furniture, props, and textiles to make viewers feel as if they were looking at an old family photo album.
162. ENTER_221210_0938.JPG: All in the Family A landmark show in the 1970s, All in the Family tackled controversial, divisive, and even taboo social and political issues.
163. ENTER_221210_0939.JPG: Chair used by Edith Bunker in All in the Family Doily used on Bunker living room set table in All in the Family Side table from Bunker living room set of All in the Family Ashtray from Bunker living room set used in All in the Family Beer can used on set of All in the Family Prop beer can used on the set of the television series All in the Family. The aluminum can has a paper label printed with information about the fictional “Best Quality Beer” including a red lion logo. Lace table doily from the side table used on the Bunker living room set of the television series All in the Family. All in the Family was a sitcom that aired on the CBS television network from 1971-1979. The series, created and produced by Norman Lear and Alan David “Bud” Yorkin, was one of the most popular and influential television programs of the twentieth century. It was the top-rated show on American television for five of its nine seasons, earned 22 Emmy awards, produced five direct spinoff series, and became a cultural touchstone for an entire generation. Before the series' premiere, most sitcoms had only lightly discussed political issues and social change, focusing instead on family matters and character foibles. Lear and Yorkin thought television should do more, depicting "real people dealing with real issues," and developed All in the Family to explore how American families were experiencing and debating contemporary issues and events. The duo was inspired by the British series Till Death Do Us Part, which focused on a family grappling with the social changes and political tumult of the 1960s, representing the “generation gap” of values and viewpoints between the baby boomers and their parents. Set in Queens, New York, All in the Family followed the working-class Bunker family: Archie (played by Carroll O'Connor), a blue-collar World War II veteran and outspoken conservative, kindhearted wife and mother Edith (played by Jean Stapleton), college-aged liberal feminist daughter Gloria (played by Sally Struthers), and her husband, progressive graduate student Michael "Meathead" Stivic (played by Rob Reiner). Archie frequently butted heads with Meathead and Gloria, demonstrating his intolerance and ignorance on issues of race, ethnicity, gender, sexuality, and civil, women’s, and LGBTQ rights. Supporting characters introduced as foils to Archie including black neighbors the Jeffersons (Sherman Hemsley and Isabel Sanford) and Edith’s cousin Maude (Bea Arthur) proved popular enough to warrant their own spinoff series. The show’s theme song, “Those Were the Days,” was a nostalgic pean to the 1930s and Lear had the show’s set designers dress the Bunker house set in drab, sepia-toned furniture, props, and textiles to make viewers feel as if they were looking at an old family photo album.
164. ENTER_221210_0946.JPG: Howdy Doody marionette This is one of the three original Howdy Doody marionettes used in production of Howdy Doody, one of the most popular and influential children’s television series in American history. In its original run from 1947 to 1960, each episode opened with the voiceover question "Say, kids, what time is it?" Resounding from the peanut gallery—and from millions of television-watching kids around the country—came the reply, "It's Howdy Doody time!" The creator of Howdy Doody, “Buffalo” Bob Smith, first performed the character on his WNBC radio show. When the show transitioned to TV, puppet builder Frank Paris created a marionette to match the voice. In 1948, a dispute over merchandising rights led Frank Paris to leave the show and take the original puppet with him. Velma Dawson created this new style of Howdy Doody puppet that debuted on June 8, 1948 after a break for “plastic surgery.” Throughout the series run on NBC, Bob Smith voiced the puppet, usually through recordings made before the show, while Margo and Rufus Rose were primarily responsible for building, maintaining, and performing the marionettes. This particular Howdy Doody was known as "Double Doody" - being the second of this type made for the production. This marionette was most often used as a stand-in for the main marionette when needed, and in long shots. The marionette's body is made of pine and the head is made of plastic wood. Howdy's face is painted with 48 freckles - one for each state in the union at the time of his creation.
165. ENTER_221210_0949.JPG: Howdy Doody's T.V. Game Howdy Doody’s T.V. Game allowed kids to pretend they were at the TV studio with Howdy and his friends, including Clarabell the Clown and Flub-a-Dub. The show’s characters were licensed and sold in a variety of products and toys such as this board game. In its run from 1947 to 1960, the Howdy Doody Show was one of the most popular and influential children’s television programs in the United States. The creator of the Howdy Doody character, “Buffalo” Bob Smith, first performed him as a radio character. When the show transitioned to TV, Frank Paris created the new puppet, but left the show (with the puppet) in 1948 to disputes over merchandising rights. Velma Dawson created the now-ubiquitous Howdy Doody that debuted in 1949. This Howdy Doody became popular spokes character, hawking sponsored products on the show or in print.
166. ENTER_221210_0951.JPG: (left) Mouseketeer hat worn by Lonnie Burr (right) Mickey Mouse Club Lunch Box Mouseketeer hat worn by Lonnie Burr “MousekeEars” hat worn by Lonnie Burr, an original member of the The Mickey Mouse Club Mousketeers. It is not known exactly when these ears were created or used. The Mickey Mouse Club aired on ABC from 1955–1959. The popular television variety show featured a cast of children who participated in musical numbers, skits, and other clubhouse activities. Disney cartoons featuring Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck and other characters were incorporated alongside live-action segments. Walt Disney used the show to help finance and promote his new Disneyland Park, which opened in 1955. The original show remained in syndication into the 1970s and was later revived as the New Mickey Mouse Club. Hats like this one were sold at the new Disneyland Park and remain popular souvenirs at Disney theme parks today. Mickey Mouse Club Lunch Box This metal lunch box was made by Aladdin Industries in 1976. The lunch box features imagery from the popular children’s TV show, Mickey Mouse Club,. The original Mickey Mouse Club ran from 1955-1959 on ABC, but due to audience demand, the series remained popular into the 1960s. Syndication started in 1962, with some new features edited in to the show, and syndication lasted until 1977, when Disney revived the series with The New Mickey Mouse Club.
167. ENTER_221210_0958.JPG: Mister Rogers' Sweater Pair of sneakers worn by Fred Rogers on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood This red knit cardigan was worn by Fred Rogers, creator and host of the children's program, Mister Rogers' Neighborhood (PBS, 1968-2001). For more than thirty years, Rogers began each episode by changing into a sweater and tennis shoes and singing, "Won't you be my neighbor?" An ordained Presbyterian minister, Rogers dedicated his television career to promoting children's emotional and moral well-being. His show, with its friendly conversational style and trips to the Neighborhood of Make-Believe, encouraged young viewers to feel loved, respected, and special. Pair of sneakers worn by Fred Rogers on the children's television program Mister Rogers' Neighborhood. The blue low top Sperry Top-Sider sneakers have white rubber soles and canvas upper, with flat cloth laces.
168. ENTER_221210_0967.JPG: Sesame Street Learning Kit The Sesame Street Learning Kit contains 5 hardbound books, 2 posters, a 69 page parent instruction booklet, 10 parent/teachers guides on newsprint and cards that indicate the corresponding program number in the television series, and a vinyl record called "The Sesame Street Record." This kit is stored in its original 1970 cardboard box with flip-up lid and is covered with colorful illustrations of children and adults from the Sesame Street children’s show. The hardbound books are: The Sesame Street Book of Letters, The Sesame Street Book of Numbers, The Sesame Street Book of People and Things, The Sesame Street Book of Puzzles, The Sesame Street Book of Shapes. Sesame Street premiered in 1969 intent on teaching basic reading, math, and life skills to young of-color and low-income viewers who might not otherwise attend preschool. But its innovative approach—one focused on both “educational merit and entertainment appeal”—drew young viewers of every background. Sesame Street licensed a host of products designed to both delight kids and offer parents teaching tools—crafted in consultation with the same educators, child development specialists, and psychologists who helped create the show. The kit was marketed to middle income parents and schools to be used with three to six years old, though it was soon discovered that Sesame Street products, like the programming, appealed to children as young as one and as old as eight. It is notable that this kit was produced in English only, while earlier, less commercial materials were bilingual in English and Spanish. The learning kit was conceived through a facilitated focus groups with parents, teachers, child psychologists, and administrators for educational programming (i.e. Head Start, U.S. Department of Education…). While the initial programing had seed money from Carnegie Corporation, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, the Ford Foundation, and the Markel Foundation, the various parts of this kit were developed by professional writers, artists, and performers involved with creating the television series as part of the Children’s Television Workshop on National Education Television. The manufacturer of the kit and its contents (except for the record) is the publishing conglomerate Time, Incorporated. Time, Inc. was founded by young Henry Luce and Briton Haddon in 1922, originally as a weekly news magazine for the US. As Time Magazine grew, the company branched out internationally. In 1990, it merged with Warner Communications into the media conglomerate, Time Warner. The Time assets have since been acquired by other companies. The vinyl record was produced by Columbia Broadcasting Records and includes 19 songs introduced through the programming. Columbia Records was founded in 1889 as the Columbia Phonograph Company by Edward D. Easton as part of a break-up from Edison. They began selling disc records in 1901 and were still producing vinyl record albums under the label Columbia Records in the 1970s when this album was produced. The initial Sesame Street and book was the last album under the 4-digit record catalog system with the highest catalog number assigned as CS-1069 in August 1970. This record produced for the kit is in stereo with the original cast and has the newer 5-digit catalog number of CR 21530. Columbia Records was later purchased by Sony Corporation. The kit is an early example of tying in educational programming through television to products marketed for extended learning at home and in school. The success of Sesame Street changed the face of children’s television and had a transformative influence on early childhood education in schools and at home.
169. ENTER_221210_0970.JPG: Rosita puppet used on Sesame Street Rosita puppet used in the production of the children's television series Sesame Street. Rosita, la Monstrua de las Cuevas is a Mexican-American Muppet character introduced to the show in 1991, performed by Carmen Osbahr. Sesame Street (airing 1969-present) is the longest-running children’s television series in American history and has earned acclaim for its blend of education and entertainment as well as its intentionally inclusive, multicultural cast and setting. However, activists have called for greater Latino representation on the show since its premiere; Rosita was the first bilingual (Spanish-speaking) and first Latina Muppet character introduced as a regular member of the cast. Osbahr, who originally worked as a puppet performer on Mexico's Plaza S�samo, portrays Rosita as a five-year old girl who enjoys history and geography as well as playing the guitar. She frequently introduces a Spanish word of the day on the program and teaches viewers about her Mexican heritage. Introduced at a time when Latino/a characters were almost nonexistent in mainstream American children’s television, Rosita has proven to be one of the most popular Muppet characters on Sesame Street today. Jim Henson Company puppet builder Ed Christie designed Rosita with wings in reference to Mexican fruit bats, although a different puppet without the wings was used in the show's production from season 35 (2004) through season 52 (2021). The live-hand style puppet is made with shaggy turquoise puppet fur with a round orange fleece nose, tan eyebrows over closely set white eyes with black pupils, and wispy, feather-like yellow and turquoise hair strands atop its head. Obsahr operated this puppet with her arms through one of the arm sleeves and the character's head, with another puppeteer operating the other arm. This puppet was used in production of Sesame Street beginning in the late 1990s.
170. ENTER_221210_0971.JPG: Oscar the Grouch puppet Oscar the Grouch puppet made by Muppets, Inc. for the Children's Television Workshop for use in the production of the television series Sesame Street, ca. 1970-1980. Oscar is a green furry monster who lives in a trash can on Sesame Street and frequently argues with the other Muppet and human characters. Despite his grouchiness, Oscar is a valued friend to the other characters on Sesame Street, demonstrating the importance of understanding, tolerance, and diversity. Oscar the Grouch was originally performed by Caroll Spinney, who said that he based the character's voice on a cranky New York taxi driver. Jim Henson’s inspiration for the character was a rude waiter at a restaurant named Oscar's Salt of the Sea. In his original concept drawings for Oscar the Grouch, Henson imagined a spiky, grumpy-looking magenta monster. Due to the limitations of early color television, however, Oscar was redesigned with orange fur for his premiere on the first season of Sesame Street in 1969, and only changed to green for the second season. Oscar explained that this change was due to his vacation at Swamp Mushy Muddy where it was so damp that he became covered in slime and mold. Oscar the Grouch is a live-hand puppet, which means that one of the performer’s hands is in the puppet’s head while the other is in one of the puppet’s arms, which has gloves for hands. Another puppeteer is usually needed to operate the other arm, which is known as right-handing. This particular Oscar the Grouch puppet was built in the 1970s. It was also used to perform the character Grandpa Grouch at some point in the show's run.
171. ENTER_221210_0972.JPG: Costume worn by Susan (Loretta Long) on Sesame Street This blouse is part of a costume worn by Susan (portrayed by Loretta Long) in early seasons of Sesame Street. The blue gingham, cotton, button-up, long-sleeved blouse has white cotton cuffs and collar. Long was among the first human cast members of Sesame Street and portrayed Susan from 1969-2015. The character Susan Robinson is an African American woman who works as a nurse and is married to Gordon (1969-1972 Matt Robinson, 1972-1974 Hal Miller, 1974-2015 Roscoe Orman). At first, Susan was said to be a homemaker but when Sesame Workshop was criticized by the National Organization for Women for marginalizing female characters, the show’s producers decided to rewrite her as a public health nurse. In 1985, a plotline in the series followed Susan and Gordon’s adoption of a son, Miles. Susan and several other original cast members’ characters were retired from the show at the end of season 45 in 2015. Sesame Street (1969-present) is the longest-running children’s television series in American history, and one of the most influential and impactful programs in the history of the medium. First developed by producer Joan Ganz Cooney to use all the entertaining tools of commercial television to teach preschool aged children, the series was also a notable effort to use public television to reach minority and low-income communities who otherwise lacked educational opportunities. The series combines live action sequences set in a Harlem-like neighborhood of urban brownstones and small businesses with animated segments, catchy modern music, popular culture parodies, and integrates Jim Henson’s Muppets, a memorable m�lange of entertaining scenes that have made Sesame Street a favorite of children and parents alike. Sesame Street is a production of Sesame Workshop (known before 2000 as the Children’s Television Workshop) and premiered on the National Educational Television (NET) network in 1969 before that early educational broadcaster transitioned to the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) in 1970. Since 2016, Sesame Street has aired new episodes on HBO although reruns still air on PBS.
172. ENTER_221210_0973.JPG: Animation cel used in production of SpongeBob SquarePants Animation cel used in the production of the Nickelodeon animated television series SpongeBob SquarePants. The hand-inked, three-part animation cel depicts SpongeBob SquarePants at the Crabby Shack holding a spatula in his hand. The cel is comprised of two animation cels atop a painted background. The top cel is of the sink counter only and at bottom of cel is marked "S/B #109/ UL -4" in black marker. Cel #2 is the character Sponge Bob with " B6" written in black marker at the bottom of the cel. Third layer is one hole punch paper with painted background. Premiering on Nickelodeon in 1999, SpongeBob SquarePants became one of the most popular and successful animated children’s television series of all time over its 13 seasons (as of 2022), numerous feature and television films, video game, Broadway musical, and other adaptations. The show was created by marine science educator and animator Stephen Hillenburg based in part on his unpublished 1989 educational comic book The Intertidal Zone, written to teach children about aquatic ecosystems. The animated series features the deep-sea denizens of Bikini Bottom, including SpongeBob, an earnest, happily oblivious, and unapologetically silly sea sponge. Heavy on slapstick and sight gags, the show nevertheless introduced kids six to 12 to the diversity of human motives, the complexities of social interaction, and big-picture thinking. As illustrated in this cel, SpongeBob loves his job—wielding a spatula and flipping burgers at the Krusty Krab Diner.
173. ENTER_221210_0976.JPG: Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Animation Cel This animation cel was used in the production of the television series “Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles.” Running from 1987-1996, the show, the first to feature the titular heroes, became one of the most popular children’s programs in history. It helped ignite worldwide interest in the characters, three years after their debut in an independently published comic written by Kevin Eastman and Peter Laird. The Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles are four brothers: Leonardo, Michelangelo, Donatello and Raphael. Living in the sewer, they are trained to be ninjas by their sensei, a humanoid rat named Splinter. Enduring the tribulations of adolescence and appreciating the importance of family, the Turtles have been used to explore such issues as bullying, drug-use and pollution. Evolving into a mass-media franchise and fixture of American popular culture, the four pizza-loving “dudes” have been the subject of numerous successful television series, video games and Hollywood films; appearing on scores of licensed products, including toys, home goods, and apparel. Over the years, the franchise has been criticized by some for violent content and aggressive marketing.
174. ENTER_221210_0979.JPG: Layout sketch for Dora the Explorer Reference layout sketch used in the production of an episode of the Nickelodeon television series Dora the Explorer. The sketch shows Dora and Boots having a telephone conversation, with a diagonal line drawn through the scene to indicate that it will be presented as a split screen shot. The sketch is drawn in red colored pencil and bears a stamp in blue ink reading "APPROVED BY DORA NY PRODU. OFFICE" along with the date OCT 2 2003. Dora the Explorer was an animated children's television series that aired on the Nickelodeon cable network from 2000-2014, with a final season of six episodes airing in 2019 to help promote the franchise's first feature film, Dora and the Lost City of Gold. The educational series was created by Chris Gifford, Valerie Walsh Valdes, and Eric Weiner and produced by Nickelodeon Animation Studio. Dora the Explorer was notable for its Latina lead character, inclusion of Spanish language, and representation of Latino cultural themes, and the series was both a critical and ratings success. Each episode of the show found seven-year old Dora Marquez embarking on an adventure and asking audience members to help her along the way. The series' creators developed Dora as a bilingual, pan-Latino character after learning about the lack of Latino/a representation in children's television. Dora got her name from the Spanish feminine word for "explorer"- exploradora. The television series' success spawned spinoff series, foreign language adaptations, stage productions, video games, a live action feature film, and dozens of books, games, and toys.
175. ENTER_221210_0992.JPG: Catwoman Costume Gloves worn by Julie Newmar on Batman Part of a costume worn by actress Julie Newmar in her role as the criminal minded Catwoman on the television program Batman (1966-1968). Based on the titular DC Comics superhero, the show was known for a campy, self-satirizing nature and graphic, pop-art visual style that appealed to both children and adults. Smart, sassy and strong, Catwoman was first introduced in 1940 by Batman’s creators, writer Bill Finger and artist Bob Kane. With origins as a villain, the character evolved into a more complex figure and into a staple of the DC Comics universe, headlining her own comic series and being featured in various properties including television, movies and video games.
176. ENTER_221210_0995.JPG: Catwoman Costume Necklace worn by Julie Newmar Part of a costume worn by actress Julie Newmar in her role as the criminal minded Catwoman on the television program Batman (1966-1968). Based on the titular DC Comics superhero, the show was known for a campy, self-satirizing nature and graphic, pop-art visual style that appealed to both children and adults. Smart, sassy and strong, Catwoman was first introduced in 1940 by Batman’s creators, writer Bill Finger and artist Bob Kane. With origins as a villain, the character evolved into a more complex figure and into a staple of the DC Comics universe, headlining her own comic series and being featured in various properties including television, movies and video games.
177. ENTER_221210_0996.JPG: Catwoman Costume Headband worn by Julie Newmar Part of a costume worn by actress Julie Newmar in her role as the criminal minded Catwoman on the television program Batman (1966-1968). Based on the titular DC Comics superhero, the show was known for a campy, self-satirizing nature and graphic, pop-art visual style that appealed to both children and adults. Smart, sassy and strong, Catwoman was first introduced in 1940 by Batman’s creators, writer Bill Finger and artist Bob Kane. With origins as a villain, the character evolved into a more complex figure and into a staple of the DC Comics universe, headlining her own comic series and being featured in various properties including television, movies and video games.
178. ENTER_221210_0999.JPG: Prop Badge from The X-Files, used by Gillian Anderson as Dana Scully Prop F.B.I. identification used by actress Gillian Anderson in the role of Special Agent Dr. Dana Scully on the science fiction television program The X-Files (1993-2002.) On the X-Files, Scully and her partner, Fox Mulder, played by David Duchovny, investigate bizarre crimes involving paranormal elements. After generating two spin-offs and two feature films, the program was revived in 2016, running for two seasons. The character of Dana Scully has been cited as having inspired many young women of the 90s’ interest in STEM and law enforcement professions. This generational phenomenon has been referred to as the Scully Effect.
179. ENTER_221210_1005.JPG: Costume worn by Lucy Lawless on Xena: Warrior Princess, 1995-2001
180. ENTER_221210_1013.JPG: Costume worn by Felicia Day in "(Do You Wanna Date My) Avatar" The cast of the web series The Guild performed this song written by Day and composed by Jed Whedon. The cast of “The Guild” dressed as their own online “avatar” in the video in this comical song about gamer culture. “(Do You Wanna Date My) Avatar” reached one million hits on YouTube in less than two days and garnered over 27 million hits since its initial release on August 17, 2009. This song is reflective of the burgeoning internet community of the early 2000s. Felicia Day’s success as a female web series creator, gamer, and writer is also notable because video game culture is predominated by men.
181. ENTER_221210_1019.JPG: Katana used by Danai Gurira as Michonne on the television series, The Walking Dead Silver katana blade with a silver, circular guard, a white and black leather handle and sheath and a leather strap. The katana is Michonne's, played by Danai Gurira, weapon of choice and first appeared in season two, episode 13 of the television series, The Walking Dead. The katana has been used by five different characters on the show since its first appearance. Based on the comic books by Robert Kirkman, The Walking Dead deals with a post-apocalyptic society overrun with “walkers.” The show follows Rick Grimes, a sheriff who awakes from a coma to find only a handful of people alive and a lot of decaying undead who want to eat him. Played by Andrew Lincoln, Rick eventually finds his wife and son living with a group of survivors near Atlanta, Georgia. It is here the group must learn to survive in a fallen society, among the undead and roving bands of survivors who prove to be more dangerous than the famished walkers.
182. ENTER_221210_1023.JPG: Costume worn by Michelle Yeoh in the role of Emperor Philippa Georgiou on Star Trek: Discovery In the streaming Star Trek series Discovery, Sonequa Martin-Green assumes the lead role as parallel universe-hopping Michael Burnham, while Michelle Yeoh plays Philippa Georgiou, a powerful empress in a mirror universe. Discovery’s richly diverse cast epitomizes the franchise’s long-held vision of a post-racial society, while its advocacy for gender equity boldly goes where earlier series had not.
183. ENTER_221210_1026.JPG: Helmet worn by Sonequa Martin-Green in the role of Michael Burnham on Star Trek: Discovery Chest Piece worn by Sonequa Martin-Green in the role of Michael Burnham on Star Trek: Discovery Boots worn by Sonequa Martin-Green in the role of Michael Burnham on Star Trek: Discovery Red Angel costume boots worn by Sonequa Martin-Green as Michael Burnham on Star Trek: Discovery. In the streaming Star Trek series Discovery, Sonequa Martin-Green assumes the lead role as parallel universe-hopping Michael Burnham, while Michelle Yeoh plays Philippa Georgiou, a powerful empress in a mirror universe. Discovery’s richly diverse cast epitomizes the franchise’s long-held vision of a post-racial society, while its advocacy for gender equity boldly goes where earlier series had not.
184. ENTER_221210_1043.JPG: Rocky Boxing Robe This robe was worn by Sylvester Stallone in the 1976 film Rocky. Embroidered on the back of this red satin robe are words, "Italian Stallion" in yellow satin, as well as a white patch with the name "Shamrock Meats, Inc." Rocky follows the story of a small-time boxer's famous fight with the heavyweight champion, Apollo Creed. Sylvester Stallone starred in, as well as, wrote the movie.
185. ENTER_221210_1046.JPG: Hat worn by Larry Hagman in the role of J. R. Ewing on the TV Series Dallas Hat worn by Larry Hagman in the role of J.R. Ewing on the television series Dallas, which aired on CBS from 1978-1991. The light brown felt cowboy hat has a feather hatband and leather band inside. One of the longest running hour-long television dramas in American history, Dallas revolved around the lives of the often feuding Ewing family and their oil company in Texas. The show originally focused on the wedding of Bobby Ewing and Pamela Barnes, but later centered on the greedy and corrupt oil tycoon, J.R. Ewing. The third season's cliffhanger finale left the entire nation wondering who shot J.R., and when the fourth season premiered, it became one of the highest viewed television episodes in history thanks to the millions of people who tuned in to find out the answer to that question.
186. ENTER_221210_1048.JPG: Gloves used by Phil Verchota of the U.S. Hockey Team during the 1980 Winter Olympics Red, white, and blue leather hockey gloves with nylon lining, lace style closures, and tanned leather palms. These were used by Phil Verchota on the U. S. hockey team during the 1980 Winter Olympics when the United States defeated Russia to advance to the gold medal round. While it was the win against Finland that clinched the gold medal, the defeat of the Soviet team in the semifinals — known as the "miracle on ice" — captured the hearts and imaginations of Americans during a time of Cold War tensions. The 1980 Winter Olympics, also known as the Games of the XIII Olympiad were held in Lake Placid, New York with 37 countries, 840 men and 232 women athletes participating. These Games are famous for the “Miracle on Ice” hockey team which consisted of American college hockey players competing against the more experienced and professional Russian team amongst the backdrop of the cold war. The Americans beat the Russians to move into the medal round beating Finland for the Gold but it was the game where they beat Russia which is most remembered and where announcer Al Michaels asked all American if they believed in miracles. US Speed skater Eric Heiden dominated the speed skating event winning gold in all five events, the only athlete in the Winter games to do so. The Soviet Union won the medal count with 22 with the United States coming in third with 12 medals.
187. ENTER_221210_1053.JPG: Boombox, used by Fab 5 Freddy This boombox was made by Sharp Electronics, circa 1985. It is a portable music system, model HK-9000, with its dual tape decks, detachable speakers, built-in equalizer, AM/FM radio, and 2-fader microphone mixing was one of the largest boomboxes of the era. This boombox was used by hip hop pioneer, visual artist, filmmaker, and cable television host, Fab 5 Freddy, (born Fred Braithwaite). He was the first host of the groundbreaking hip hop music video show, "Yo! MTV Raps," in the late 1980s. Freddy has been forever immortalized on the American New Wave group Blondie’s hit single “Rapture,” when lead singer Debbie Harry rapped, “Fab 5 Freddy told me everybody’s fly.”
188. ENTER_221210_1057.JPG: New York City Breakers b-boy crew founder Michael Holman's sweatshirt, around 1981
189. ENTER_221210_1059.JPG: Chicago Bulls Basketball Jersey, worn by Michael Jordan Basketball jersey, worn by Hall-of-Fame shooting guard Michael Jordan (b. 1963) during the 1996-97 season. That year the Bulls repeated as NBA champions, defeating the Utah Jazz in the finals 4 games to 2. After playing 3 years at the University of North Carolina, the 6"6 Jordan was picked 3rd by Chicago in the 1984 NBA draft. Jordan played for Chicago from 1984-1993, and after a brief retirement, from 1995-1998. With the Bulls, Jordan established himself as one of the greatest basketball players of all time, as well as an American sporting legend. On his way to leading the Bulls to six NBA championships, Jordan won 5 NBA MVP awards, was named to 14 All-Star teams, was a 10 time NBA scoring champion, and a 6 time NBA finals MVP. He was also a member of USA Basketball's famous 1992 "Dream Team" that took gold at the Barcelona Olympics. With his success, Jordan became one most marketable celebrities on the planet, serving an international spokesman for a number of major corporations. One of his most notable contributions was with Nike, with whom he introduced the iconic "Air Jordan" shoe in 1985.. After his tenure with the Bulls, Jordan played three seasons for the NBA's Washington Wizards. In 2010 he became principal owner of Charlotte's NBA franchise.
190. ENTER_221210_1064.JPG: Luther Campbell and 2 Live Crew's Banned in the USA, with warning label, 1990
191. ENTER_221210_1066.JPG: Dress worn by Cyndi Lauper for She's So Unusual Album Photo Shoot Skirt worn by Cyndi Lauper for She's So Unusual album photo shoot. Pleated red full-length skirt with three tiers. Three bands of decorative ribbon on bottom of skirt: (starting from bottom) one white with black and silver geometric pattern, one black and silver zigzag, and one white and silver zigzag. Five bands of decorative ribbon part of the way up from bottom of skirt: (starting from bottom) one red and silver zigzag, one white and silver zigzag, one black and silver zigzag, one white with black and silver geometric pattern, and one black and silver zigzag. Skirt fastens in back with (missing) button and zipper.
192. ENTER_221210_1070.JPG: Farm Aid This program, with a design reminiscent of “The Farmer’s Almanac,” was printed for the first Farm Aid concert, which took place in Champaign, Illinois, on September 22, 1985. Willie Nelson, Neil Young, and John Mellencamp organized the benefit concert to aid American family farmers during a time of great distress for farm families. The creation of Farm Aid belonged to an era of high-profile benefit concerts, with the July 1985 Live Aid concert, which raised funds in response to the famine in Ethiopia, inspiring Nelson and his colleagues. Farm Aid has since grown into a nonprofit working to support farmers and to encourage consumers to appreciate the ecosystems that bring food to their tables, and the organization is based in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
193. ENTER_221210_1073.JPG: Bandana, worn by Willie Nelson Red bandana worn by Willie Nelson. Black and white print. Decorated with picture of Willie Nelson, some of his song titles, the state of Texas, etc. Inspired by Live Aid, the international benefit concert for Ethiopian famine victims, Willie Nelson and other singers established Farm Aid in 1985 to support family farmers in the United States.
194. ENTER_221210_1078.JPG: Prop egg from Alien 3 trailer Prop egg used in the marketing of the 1992 film Alien 3, including use in the movie's promotional trailers. The egg is a version of the one depicted on the poster for the original 1979 Ridley Scott film Alien. That iconic poster, designed by Philip Gips, is remembered for its stark minimalist design and tagline "In space no one can hear you scream". The egg is made from a blend of wax and latex attached to a plaster and wire mesh form. The coating is pitted and cratered, designed to look organic and otherworldly. The egg glows green from an uneven crack in the center, a glow effect achieved with a piece of green mylar covering the inside of the egg and a light shining through. The egg is attached to a tall, metal, "L-shaped" frame. The back half of the egg opens up to reveal a small flourescent tube and the green mylar.
195. ENTER_221210_1081.JPG: Figure skates worn by Kristi Yamaguchi Ice skates worn and signed by American Kristi Yamaguchi (b. 1971) as a member of the "Stars on Ice" tour, with whom she performed from 1992 - 2002.. Yamaguchi, a native Californian, became the first Asian American woman to win an Olympic gold medal in figure skating when she finished first in women's singles at the 1992 Winter Games (Albertville, Canada.) The skater also won two World Figure Skating Championships (1991 & 1992.) She was also an accomplished pairs skater, winning two U.S. championships with partner Rudy Galindo in 1989 and 1990.
196. ENTER_221210_1085.JPG: Costume worn by Gloria Estefan in the 1987 music video "Rhythm is Gonna Get You" Conga used by Emilio Estefan, 1980s
197. ENTER_221210_1096.JPG: Route card, 1905
198. ENTER_221210_1098.JPG: Railroad Networks Route card, 1905 By the late 1800s, a national rail network made it possible for theater troupes, circuses, and other entertainments to travel from town to town across the country. Pawnee Bill's Wild West Show distributed route cards showing stops on their annual tours -- all cities along the tracks. Audience in every town saw the same shows, creating shared national experiences.
199. ENTER_221210_1099.JPG: Phantoscope/Vitascope #1 35mm Projector
200. ENTER_221210_1101.JPG: Motion Pictures Edison Vitascope No. 1 projector, 1896 Audiences first watched movies by peering into single-user viewers, each offering a different short feature. But by 1896, projectors such as the Vitascope could cast moving images onto big screens -- transforming movie-watching into a communal experience. And with copies of films increasingly distributed to theaters nationwide, more people saw the same films at the same time.
201. ENTER_221210_1104.JPG: WANN Radio Station Microphone WANN represents a significant moment in American cultural history—the rise of black-oriented broadcasting. Although blacks constituted 10 percent of the population, black interest in broadcasting on any scale, didn't begin until 1948. That year WDIA in Memphis became the first station to go to a format with exclusively black on-air personnel. Shortly after, a handful of stations committed to black interests. WANN was one of the first half-dozen. The station went on the air in 1947, and by 1950 owner and manager Morris Blum had directed his station to the black community in Annapolis and the surrounding area. A 1000-watt daytime station, WANN was among the pioneering stations that were central to black life in the pre-Civil Rights era. Morris Blum, a Jew who came of age in the New Deal, conceived of the station while in the service during WWII. He explicitly rejected the segregation he saw in the armed forces, especially after he saw that death did not discriminate. While he initially tried a conventional format for his station, he quickly refocused it to serve the black community. Blum's programming mixture of community service, black interest news, music, and religion developed through his dealings with African American public figures—preachers, businessmen and his own staff. Hoppy Adams, WANN's star personality, and Blum enjoyed a 30-year collaboration that reflected the interracial collaboration that was the heart of black radio in its formative years.
202. ENTER_221210_1105.JPG: Radio Studio microphone from WANN, late 1940s The first radio broadcasts began in the 1920s. But not until the late 1940s and 1950s did hundreds of new local stations give a radio voice to communities of color, long ignored by national radio networks. WANN became an Annapolis, Maryland, institution, providing local Black listeners an important community platform.
203. ENTER_221210_1106.JPG: Hotpoint portable television, 1957
204. ENTER_221210_1108.JPG: Television Hotpoint portable television, 1957 From 1950 to 1970, the number of US households with a television set jumped from 9 to 95 percent. In an effort to sell consumers a second set, makers introduced portable televisions, often marketing them to teens not wanting to watch alongside parents or younger siblings. But choices were limited, with the big three broadcast television networks -- NBC, CBS, and ABC -- dominating the airways.
205. ENTER_221210_1110.JPG: Dolby Cinema Processor, CP-100, around 1975
206. ENTER_221210_1112.JPG: Blockbuster Cinema Dolby Cinema Processor, CP-100, around 1975 In the late 1970s, "blockbuster" movies -- big-budget film spectaculars -- drew record-breaking crowds to movie theaters and mall multiplexes. Computer-generated special effects expanded the visual possibilities of movie storytelling. And innovative theater technologies such as Dolby's noise-reducing multichannel "surround" sound enlivened the in-theater experience, transforming movie going.
207. ENTER_221210_1113.JPG: General Instrument Corp. (Jerrold) "Starcom-II" model JSX-3 CATV converter
208. ENTER_221210_1115.JPG: Cable Television Jerrold "Starcom II" cable box, around 1982 In the 1980s, cable television made an ever-growing number of "pay TV" channels available to home viewers. Households everywhere replaced their roof-top antenna with a set-top cable box -- early models of which offered access to a then mind-boggling 37 channels. The proliferation of new networks dedicated to news, sports, and entertainment increasingly targeted underrepresented and niche audiences.
209. ENTER_221210_1117.JPG: Video Camera used to record the First Winning Entry of America's Funniest Home Videos This Panasonic camcorder recorded the first winning entry on the television program America’s Funniest Home Videos> (1989-.) Submitted by Ohioans Bill and Helen Thompson, the video featured Ms. Thompson after her hair and head got caught in a dishwasher. The program America’s Funniest Home Videos, later America’s Funniest Videos, showcases humorous clips sent in by amateurs to compete for cash prizes. Created alongside the growing popularization of home video recording technology, the program, showcasing real-life situations documented by everyday people, ushered in a new form of entertainment. With advancements in video recording and media sharing, such content has become mainstream and pervasive.
210. ENTER_221210_1119.JPG: Home Video Camcorder used to record the first winning entry on America's Funniest Home Videos, 1986 The advent of home video camera-recorders (camcorders) in the 1970s made it easy for families to make home movies and watch themselves on television -- well, on THEIR televisions. Such access to film production tools also accommodated the reality show revolution when, in 1989, America's Funniest Home Videos began offering cash prizes to families willing to share their antics, goofs, and misadventures on national television.
211. ENTER_221210_1120.JPG: Steve Lacy's iPhone, 2012-2013
212. ENTER_221210_1123.JPG: Mobile Steve Lacy's iPhone, 2012-2013 In the 2000s, smart phones provided access to portable and affordable tools for creating audio and video content and sharing it with a potentially global audience. While a teenager in Compton, California -- and before becoming a chart-topping sensation -- Steve Lacy built tracks with the Garage Band app on this much-used phone for his early solo projects, rapper J. Cole, and his band, The Internet.
213. ENTER_221210_1130.JPG: Glennis Antetokounmpo's basketball jersey, around 2011
214. ENTER_221210_1133.JPG: Maya Angelou's typewriter, 1980
215. ENTER_221214_014.JPG: Dorothy's Ruby Slippers Sixteen-year-old Judy Garland wore these sequined shoes as Dorothy Gale in the 1939 MGM musical film The Wizard of Oz. In the original book by L. Frank Baum, Dorothy's magic slippers are silver; for the Technicolor movie, costumers created ruby red shoes to show up more vividly against the yellow-brick road. One of several pairs used during filming, these size-five shoes are well-worn, suggesting they were Garland's primary pair for dance sequences.
216. ENTER_221214_025.JPG: 1939 Hollywood's The Wizard of Oz spoke to a nation facing an uncertain future. Carried by a tornado from the Kansas dust bowl to the colorful Land of Oz, Dorothy -- wearing sparkling ruby slippers -- encountered new and frightening challenges, along the yellow brick road. Her story resonated with audiences facing what felt like nearly insurmountable challenges of their own, from a global economic depression to the prospect of a second world war. Would the nation respond with Dorothy's plucky resolve?
217. ENTER_221214_028.JPG: Nick Yemana's Coffee Mug from The Barney Miller Show Nick Yemana's Name Plate from The Barney Miller Show Nick Yemana's Police Badge from The Barney Miller Show Born Goro Suzuki on October 28, 1917, the actor, singer, and comedian better known as Jack Soo performed in the stage and film versions of the groundbreaking musical, Flower Drum Song, and as Nick Yemana - a laid-back and wry detective in the situation comedy, The Barney Miller Show. The sit-com featured a running joke: Soo’s character made horrible coffee for the squad. When Soo passed away during his fifth season with the show, his fellow actors raised their mugs to honor their friend and colleague. Jack Soo died on January 11, 1979, at the age of 61.
218. ENTER_221214_037.JPG: Mr. Tambo, Black Minstrel Puppet Mr. Tambo, named after his musical instrument, starred in an unusual marionette minstrel show said to have been staged on a showboat plying the Mississippi River from New Orleans to St. Louis between 1850 and 1875. The minstrel show, considered to be the first uniquely American form of entertainment, featured whites parodying blacks. It was often the fare of showboats bringing comedy and musical entertainment, as well as negative racial stereotypes, to working class Americans in urban and rural areas. It was rare, however, that this popular amusement was involved with puppetry. Mr. Tambo was a traditional minstrel character who appeared with Mr. Bones and the MC. The rest of the show consisted of dynamic songs, dances and other variety acts, and ended with a short skit. There are at least nine surviving marionettes from this unique show, four of which are in the National Museum of American History Collection. Besides Mr. Tambo, we have a disassembling skeleton, a horse skeleton and a policeman. They are beautifully hand-crafted from wood, leather and cloth. All four were gifts of Hazel and J.Woodson Rollins.
219. ENTER_221214_044.JPG: Tap Shoes, worn by Jeni LeGon Mary Jane-style red leather tap shoes worn by dancer Dr. Jeni LeGon in the Twentieth-Century Fox film Ali Baba Goes to Town (1937). Holes in the toe plates to enable the dancer to stand on a nail embedded in the stage set floor to keep balance during a comedy dance scene requiring the dancer to lean as far forward close to the floor as possible. LeGon was the first African American actor to sign a contract with a major Hollywood company. Ali Baba Goes to Town was nominated for an Oscar in Best Dance Direction. Jeni LeGon (born Jennie Ligon, 1916– 2012), also credited as Jeni Le Gon, was an American dancer, dance instructor, and actress. She was one of the first African-American women to establish a solo career in tap dance. In 1999, the National Film Board of Canada released a documentary film about her life, Jeni Le Gon: Living in a Great Big Way, directed by Grant Greshuk and produced by Selwyn Jacob.
220. ENTER_221214_061.JPG: 1840-1910 Debating an Expanding Nation
221. ENTER_221214_066.JPG: Poster advertising Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Combined Shows Poster advertising the Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey combined shows featuring performing elephants. The color lithograph depicts 10 elephants in foreground in pyramid formation, some crouched, some standing, a woman in sleeveless pink ballerina-length dress, standing on back of an elephant on right, several more elephants on hind legs in conga line in rear of the circus ring in background, and the ringmaster with whip, red jacket, and white jodhpurs in front center. Paper adhered to linen backing. 32 half-inch grommets around the edges. In the late 1800s, debates erupted over whether the United States, like its European rivals, should establish and exploit foreign colonies. Meanwhile, circuses crisscrossed the country, tantalizing audiences with performances by the inhabitants of such lands—from elephants and other subdued wild animals to acrobatic troupes. Audiences thrilled at the exotic spectacles that served the world up on a platter—and seemed ripe for the taking.
222. ENTER_221214_073.JPG: The Muppet Spotlight in honor of the lovers, the dreamers and you
223. ENTER_221214_078.JPG: 1884 Wild West shows turned the