BGuthrie Photos: DC -- U.S. Capitol (interior) -- National Statuary Hall

DC -- U.S. Capitol (interior) -- National Statuary Hall:

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. CAPNSH_221229_004.JPG: Jason Lee Statue The Basics Artist: Gifford MacGregor Proctor Materials: Bronze Year: 1953 Location: National Statuary Hall This statue of Jason Lee was given to the National Statuary Hall Collection by Oregon in 1953. Jason Lee, missionary and pioneer, was born on a farm near Stanstead, Quebec, on June 28, 1803. He attended the village school and by the age of 13 was self supporting. After a conversion experience, he attended Wilbraham Academy, graduating in 1830. Between 1830 and 1832 he was minister in the Stanstead area and taught school. In 1833, Lee was chosen to head a mission for the Flatland Indians. He and his party traveled overland, arriving in Fort Vancouver in 1834. After the site of their first mission was abandoned as unhealthy, the missionaries settled on the Willamette River, northwest of the present site of Salem, Oregon. In 1836 and 1837 he helped to draft a petition for the establishment of a territorial government, and in 1838 he journeyed east to present the petition in Washington. Lee continued to found missions during the 1830s and became increasingly active in the territorial organization of the Oregon settlement, encouraging its ties with the United States. He presided over the preliminary meeting for territorial organization held at Champoeg in 1841, and in 1843 he was instrumental in the formation of a provisional government. He also worked to promote education and formed the plan that resulted in the founding of Oregon Institute (now Willamette University). Problems with the mission led to his return to headquarters in New York in 1844. While he was visiting his sister in Stanstead, his health failed; he died on March 12, 1845. His remains were reinterred in Salem, Oregon, in 1906. The above was from https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/jason-lee-statue
2. CAPNSH_221229_006.JPG: Jefferson Davis Statue The Basics Artist: Augustus Lukeman Materials: Bronze Year: 1931 Location: National Statuary Hall This statue of Jefferson Davis was given to the National Statuary Hall Collection by Mississippi in 1931. Jefferson Davis, born June 3, 1808, in Christian (now Todd) County, Kentucky, was raised on his family's small plantation near Woodville, Mississippi. Through the generosity of his older brother Joseph, he studied at St. Thomas College, Washington County, Kentucky, and at Transylvania University before graduating from the United States Military Academy in 1828. He served in the Army until 1835, when he became a planter. He was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1845 but resigned the following year to command the "Mississippi Rifles" in the Mexican War. From 1847 to 1851 he served as a U.S. senator. As secretary of war for President Franklin Pierce (1853-1857) he strengthened the Army and coast defenses, directed railroad surveys, and supervised the enlarging of the U.S. Capitol and the construction of a water viaduct in Washington, D.C. He re-entered the Senate in 1857 and was recognized as a spokesman for the South. When Mississippi seceded, Davis resigned and accepted command of Mississippi's military forces. Hoping to be appointed commander of all southern armies, he found himself instead elected president of the Confederate States. When the Confederacy surrendered, Davis was captured and imprisoned in Fort Monroe for two years, indicted for treason (but never brought to trial), and finally released on bond in 1867. After travel abroad and a few unsuccessful business ventures, he made his home at "Beauvior," in Biloxi, Mississippi, and wrote Rise and Fall of the Confederated States. Jefferson Davis died in New Orleans on December 6, 1889. The above was from https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/jefferson-davis-statue
3. CAPNSH_221229_009.JPG: Uriah Milton Rose Statue The Basics Artist: Frederic W. Ruckstull Materials: Marble Year: 1917 Location: National Statuary Hall This statue of Uriah Milton Rose was given to the National Statuary Hall Collection by Arkansas in 1917. Born in Bradfordsville, KY, on March 5, 1834, Uriah M. Rose was studying Latin at age 5 and received an excellent education until his father died in 1849. When Rose was 17, lawyer R.H. Roundtree hired him as a deputy county clerk while he studied law at night at Transylvania University. After graduating in 1853, Rose formed a partnership with his brother-in-law in Batesville, Arkansas. In 1860 he was appointed chancellor in Pulaski County, a position he held until Union forces captured the state capital. Although he opposed secession, he remained loyal to Arkansas throughout the Civil War. Moving to Little Rock in 1865, he formed a partnership with George C. Watkins, former chief justice of Arkansas. Two years later he published the Digest of the Arkansas Reports. A man of learning in the law, science, and literature, Rose could read German and speak French fluently; he was also a noted public speaker. His library contained over 8,000 volumes in various languages. In 1891 he published The Constitution of the State of Arkansas, with notes. He was an influential member of the Arkansas Bar Association, serving as its president from 1899 to 1900; he was a charter member of the American Bar Association and its president from 1901 to 1902. President Theodore Roosevelt appointed him a delegate to the Second Peace Conference at The Hague in 1907. Rose died at his home in Little Rock, Arkansas, on August 12, 1913. The above was from https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/uriah-milton-rose-statue
4. CAPNSH_221229_011.JPG: Amelia Earhart Statue Amelia Mary Earhart (1897-c.1937) was a record-setting aviator, an author, and a businesswoman. Artist: Mark and George Lundeen Materials: Bronze Year: 2022 Location: National Statuary Hall This statue of Earhart was given to the National Statuary Hall Collection by Kansas in 2022. Sculptors Mark and George Lundeen are brothers; they also sculpted the statue of John L. "Jack" Swigert. The Lundeen brothers depict Amelia Earhart standing casually, her short hair and thick bangs tousled and her scarf blown partially aside by the wind. Her relaxed, confident posture, a graceful S-curve when viewed from the side, is reminiscent of her stance in numerous photographs taken of her with aircraft. Shortly after learning to fly in 1921, she set the woman's world altitude record, and she continued to set aviation records into the 1930s. On June 1, 1937, Earhart set off eastward from Miami, Florida, planning to become the first woman to fly around the world. She and navigator Fred Noonan covered more than 22,000 miles and were last seen on the morning of July 2 when they left Papua New Guinea for Howland Island. A weeks-long search began immediately but ended fruitlessly, and Earhart was declared legally dead on January 5, 1939. Contrasting patinas set off Earhart's jacket and pants, adding a note of realism. With input from Earhart’s family, the sculptors selected attire to reflect her quintessential flying outfit. She preferred regular sturdy shoes and slacks to tall boots and jodhpurs, and she almost always wore a silk scarf. Her right hand is in the pocket of her favorite leather jacket. Her left hand rests beside her belt, holding a leather aviator's cap and a pair of goggles. The sculptors devised a belt buckle in the shape of Kansas. It is adorned with a sunflower in bloom, referencing Kansas's nickname, the "Sunflower State." Prominent creases in her slacks and the draping of her jacket and scarf animate the figure’s form. Earhart is depicted at about 30 years old, when she had already written her first book and was moving into the peak of her flying career. She was about 33 when she was elected the first president of The Ninety-Nines, an organization of women pilots of which she was a founding member. She has a confident smile and an approachable demeanor. To make the figure more accessible to viewers, the Lundeens tilted her face slightly downward, so Earhart gazes just over the viewers' heads rather than to a distant horizon. The pedestal of buff-colored limestone references one of several records Earhart set. It is inscribed: KANSAS Amelia Earhart Famous Aviatrix First Woman to fly solo across the Atlantic Together, the statue and pedestal are 10 feet tall. The bronze statue was cast using the lost-wax process. Artists Sculptors Mark and George Lundeen, natives of Holdrege, Nebraska, operate a studio in Loveland, Colorado. Mark Lundeen (1958– ) earned a business degree from the University of Nebraska in Kearney and then studied the work of the old masters in Europe. George Lundeen (1948– ) holds art degrees from Hastings College and the University of Illinois and was a Fulbright-Hayes Scholar at the Academia de Belle Arte in Florence, Italy. Individually and together, they have created works placed at over sixty locations around the country, including airports; sports stadia; organizational and corporate headquarters; and universities, colleges, and libraries. Mark Lundeen is a member of the Allied Artists of America and the National Sculpture Society, to which he was the youngest member ever selected. George Lundeen is a member of the National Academy of Design and the National Sculpture Society. The Lundeens have received awards from many organizations, including the Allied Artists of America, the National Academy of Design, the University of Nebraska, the Nebraska Legislature, and the National Sculpture Society. The Lundeens work individually and collaboratively on sculptures, offering one another editing suggestions. At their studio and workshop, they complete each step of bronze fabrication except the actual lost-wax casting. Working with a team of assistants, they make the wax molds, fabricate the statue from the cast pieces, and finish the metalwork and patination. Two foundries, Art Castings of Colorado and Bronze Services of Loveland, cast this statue of Amelia Earhart and a second copy displayed at the Amelia Earhart Hangar Museum in Earhart’s birthplace—Atchison, Kansas. Each artist signed the statue of Earhart on the self-base. The Lundeens also sculpted the statue of astronaut John L. "Jack" Swigert given by the state of Colorado to the National Statuary Hall Collection in 1997.
5. CAPNSH_221229_015.JPG: Amelia Earhart Statue Amelia Mary Earhart (1897-c.1937) was a record-setting aviator, an author, and a businesswoman. The Basics Artist: Mark and George Lundeen Materials: Bronze Year: 2022 Location: National Statuary Hall This statue of Earhart was given to the National Statuary Hall Collection by Kansas in 2022. Sculptors Mark and George Lundeen are brothers; they also sculpted the statue of John L. "Jack" Swigert. The Lundeen brothers depict Amelia Earhart standing casually, her short hair and thick bangs tousled and her scarf blown partially aside by the wind. Her relaxed, confident posture, a graceful S-curve when viewed from the side, is reminiscent of her stance in numerous photographs taken of her with aircraft. Shortly after learning to fly in 1921, she set the woman's world altitude record, and she continued to set aviation records into the 1930s. On June 1, 1937, Earhart set off eastward from Miami, Florida, planning to become the first woman to fly around the world. She and navigator Fred Noonan covered more than 22,000 miles and were last seen on the morning of July 2 when they left Papua New Guinea for Howland Island. A weeks-long search began immediately but ended fruitlessly, and Earhart was declared legally dead on January 5, 1939. Contrasting patinas set off Earhart's jacket and pants, adding a note of realism. With input from Earhart’s family, the sculptors selected attire to reflect her quintessential flying outfit. She preferred regular sturdy shoes and slacks to tall boots and jodhpurs, and she almost always wore a silk scarf. Her right hand is in the pocket of her favorite leather jacket. Her left hand rests beside her belt, holding a leather aviator's cap and a pair of goggles. The sculptors devised a belt buckle in the shape of Kansas. It is adorned with a sunflower in bloom, referencing Kansas's nickname, the "Sunflower State." Prominent creases in her slacks and the draping of her jacket and scarf animate the figure’s form. Earhart is depicted at about 30 years old, when she had already written her first book and was moving into the peak of her flying career. She was about 33 when she was elected the first president of The Ninety-Nines, an organization of women pilots of which she was a founding member. She has a confident smile and an approachable demeanor. To make the figure more accessible to viewers, the Lundeens tilted her face slightly downward, so Earhart gazes just over the viewers' heads rather than to a distant horizon. The pedestal of buff-colored limestone references one of several records Earhart set. It is inscribed: KANSAS Amelia Earhart Famous Aviatrix First Woman to fly solo across the Atlantic Together, the statue and pedestal are 10 feet tall. The bronze statue was cast using the lost-wax process. Artists Sculptors Mark and George Lundeen, natives of Holdrege, Nebraska, operate a studio in Loveland, Colorado. Mark Lundeen (1958– ) earned a business degree from the University of Nebraska in Kearney and then studied the work of the old masters in Europe. George Lundeen (1948– ) holds art degrees from Hastings College and the University of Illinois and was a Fulbright-Hayes Scholar at the Academia de Belle Arte in Florence, Italy. Individually and together, they have created works placed at over sixty locations around the country, including airports; sports stadia; organizational and corporate headquarters; and universities, colleges, and libraries. Mark Lundeen is a member of the Allied Artists of America and the National Sculpture Society, to which he was the youngest member ever selected. George Lundeen is a member of the National Academy of Design and the National Sculpture Society. The Lundeens have received awards from many organizations, including the Allied Artists of America, the National Academy of Design, the University of Nebraska, the Nebraska Legislature, and the National Sculpture Society. The Lundeens work individually and collaboratively on sculptures, offering one another editing suggestions. At their studio and workshop, they complete each step of bronze fabrication except the actual lost-wax casting. Working with a team of assistants, they make the wax molds, fabricate the statue from the cast pieces, and finish the metalwork and patination. Two foundries, Art Castings of Colorado and Bronze Services of Loveland, cast this statue of Amelia Earhart and a second copy displayed at the Amelia Earhart Hangar Museum in Earhart’s birthplace—Atchison, Kansas. Each artist signed the statue of Earhart on the self-base. The Lundeens also sculpted the statue of astronaut John L. "Jack" Swigert given by the state of Colorado to the National Statuary Hall Collection in 1997. The above was from https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/amelia-earhart-statue
6. CAPNSH_221229_023.JPG: Robert M. La Follette Statue The Basics Artist: Jo Davidson Materials: Marble Year: 1929 Location: National Statuary Hall This statue of Robert M. La Follette was given to the National Statuary Hall Collection by Wisconsin in 1929. Robert M. La Follette was born in Primrose, Wisconsin, on June 14, 1855. He graduated from the University of Wisconsin in 1879, was admitted to the bar in 1880, was appointed district attorney of Dane County from 1880 to 1884, and served from 1885 to 1891 in the U.S. House of Representatives, where he supported the McKinley Tariff Bill. Losing re-election, La Follette returned to his law practice and concentrated on improving the political system in Wisconsin. Elected governor in 1900, he proposed and implemented his "Wisconsin Idea." This became an important element of the Progressive Movement; it included opposition to political bosses, employment of technical experts for public service, direct primary nomination, railroad regulation, and tax reform. He nominated himself to the United States Senate for the term beginning in March 1905 and was confirmed by the state senate, but he decided to remain as governor and left Wisconsin's U.S. Senate seat empty until 1906. He then took his seat in the Senate, where he served until his death. On the national level, La Follette worked for progressive reforms, including the direct election of senators. He championed the conservation movement and led the opposition to the Payne-Aldrich Tariff. In 1912 he lost the Progressive Party presidential nomination to Theodore Roosevelt. To make his progressive ideas better known he founded La Follette's Weekly Magazine in 1909 and the National Progressive Republican League in 1911. He opposed American involvement in World War I and President Wilson's foreign policy. He wrote the resolution authorizing the Senate investigation of the Teapot Dome scandal. In 1924, he ran unsuccessfully for president on the Progressive Party ticket. He died on June 18, 1925, in Washington, D.C. The above was from https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/robert-m-la-follette-statue
7. CAPNSH_221229_050.JPG: Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune (1875-1955) was an educator, civil rights activist, and presidential advisor. The Basics Artist: Nilda M. Comas Materials: Marble Year: 2022 Location: National Statuary Hall This statue of Bethune was given to the National Statuary Hall Collection by Florida in 2022. Nilda Comas is the first artist of Puerto Rican descent commissioned to sculpt a statue for the National Statuary Hall Collection. Comas depicts an imposing, mature Bethune looking slightly downward, as though at a child. Her benevolent smile conveys her determined yet gentle demeanor. She holds a walking stick in her right hand and a black marble rose in her left, and she wears academic garb, including a mortarboard cap and tassel and a long robe. A dress with embroidered collar and lace details and a simple pearl necklace are visible below the open robe. Her shoes, with laces and sturdy heels, evoke pairs she wore when photographed in similar attire. The three bands on each sleeve of her robe indicate doctoral status: Bethune was awarded nine honorary doctorates. Bethune believed that learning—especially literacy—was the key to a better life for African Americans. She founded the Daytona Normal and Industrial Institute for Negro Girls in Daytona in 1904. In just two years, Bethune expanded her school from five to 250 students. That school eventually became Bethune-Cookman College (since 2007, Bethune-Cookman University); Bethune served as its president until 1942. She co-founded the United Negro College Fund in 1944. According to the Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune Statuary Project, the black marble rose in Bethune's left hand "symbolizes her belief that 'loving thy neighbor' means interracial, inter-religious and international brotherhood." She developed friendships with both First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt and President Franklin D. Roosevelt, serving as a policy advisor to both. As part of the U.S. delegation, she was the only Black woman at the 1945 founding conference of the United Nations. In the private sector, she was the founding president of the National Council of Negro Women; she served as vice president of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored Persons (NAACP) and as an officer in many other organizations. Bethune first saw a Black Velvet Rose in a Swiss garden, growing intermingled with roses of other colors. It inspired reflections on diversity, individuality, and peaceful interracial growth, and she began to refer to the students at her college as "black roses." This rose, made of black marble from Spain, was carved and polished separately and then attached to the statue. Her right hand rests atop a walking stick once owned by President Roosevelt. Bethune collected walking sticks—she appreciated the style and respect they conveyed but didn't require them for mobility—and Eleanor Roosevelt sent this one to Bethune after the president’s death. Its inclusion in this statue references Bethune's participation in Roosevelt's government and her role organizing the so-called "Black Cabinet" of advisors, the Federal Council of Negro Affairs. Comas chose to depict Bethune at about 70 years old, an age when she would have already worked in Washington, D.C., with a confident bearing and satisfaction regarding her accomplishments. The pile of books stacked casually behind Bethune's feet reference her last will and testament. The top book's cover reads "I Leave You", and the lower spines name some of the values listed in her will: "Love / A Thirst for Education / Faith / Racial Dignity / Hope / Peace / Courage." The books also help balance the weight of the statue. The statue is made of Italian Carrara marble; Comas carved it in Pietrasanta, Italy, near the mountains where the marble was quarried. It is the first marble statue to enter the National Statuary Hall Collection since 2005, and only the second since 1963. The pedestal is made from the same white marble, and its design is classically inspired. Carved into the marble and highlighted in gold is the inscription: FLORIDA Dr. Mary McLeod Bethune 1875-1955 "Invest in the human soul. Who knows, it might be a diamond in the rough." The combined statue and pedestal are 11 feet tall and weigh 6,129 pounds. A bronze statue made from the models Comas produced for the marble statue will be displayed at a park in Daytona Beach, Florida, near Bethune-Cookman University. Bethune is the first African American represented in the National Statuary Hall Collection. Artist Sculptor Nilda M. Comas (1953– ) was born in San Juan, Puerto Rico. In childhood, she enjoyed copying oil paintings at the Museo de Arte de Ponce; she holds bachelor's and master's degrees in fine arts. She did postgraduate work at Italy's Accademia di Belle Arti di Carrara, and has studied and apprenticed with sculptors in marble and in bronze. She has won medals and awards from the National Sculpture Society in New York and the Society of Women Artists in London, and her works are in public and private collections in the United States, Europe, and South America. She maintains studios in Pietrasanta, Italy and Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where she teaches, sculpts, and paints. Her public artworks, primarily displayed in Florida, feature a variety of subjects, including a Seminole girl and historical figures. Comas was one of 1600 applicants for the commission to create Florida's new statue. She is the first artist of Puerto Rican descent commissioned to create a statue for the National Statuary Hall Collection. At the time she was selected, the state had yet to choose a subject for the statue. Comas works in both marble and bronze, often creating smaller models in Florida and then transporting them to Italy to enlarge. She studied photographs of Bethune as she modeled the statue and listened to recordings of Bethune's speeches. Bethune's voice suggested to Comas her qualities of confidence, gentleness, and directness. The above was from https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/mary-mcleod-bethune-statue
8. CAPNSH_221229_058.JPG: Car of History Clock The marble Car of History by Carlo Franzoni is located above the north door to National Statuary Hall (the Old Hall of the House of Representatives). The Basics Artist: Marble by Carlo Franzoni; Clock works by Simon Willard. Materials: Marble Year: 1819 Location: National Statuary Hall Clio, the Greek Muse of History, is depicted standing in her winged chariot, or car. The car is traveling from west to east and her body is facing south, with her left foot resting on the edge of the car; her head is turned to look over her right shoulder, observing the events of the past. Her left hand holds a book (the modern version of the scroll or tablet with which she was depicted in classical times). Her right hand rests upon the book, and the position of her fingers suggests that at some time she held a pen; several early books and articles specifically refer to her holding one, but no photographs have been found that show it, and its loss or removal does not appear to have been documented. On the front of the car is a winged Nike, the goddess of victory, who blows a trumpet of fame that she holds in her right hand; in her left she holds a palm branch, a symbol of victory or peace traditionally associated with her. A profile bust of George Washington appears on the side of the car below Clio's foot. The car's wheel is the face of a clock, with the black painted roman numerals set within a gilded band; it rests on a partial globe decorated with the zodiac signs Sagittarius, Aries and Aquarius (comprising the months that the Congress was in session but, surprisingly, out of sequence). The sculptor's inscription, "C. Franzoni Faciebat 1819," appears on the top edge of the car's side above the wheel and can be seen only from above. The statue was carved from at least five pieces of Carrara marble, chiseled separately and then joined together with iron bars covered in plaster. It stands about seven and a half feet tall, with Clio depicted at approximately human size. The brass and steel mechanism of the clock is housed in a wooden box at the rear of the sculpture and is signed "Simon Willard and Son." Samuel F. B. Morse's 1822 painting depicting the House of Representatives chamber shows a clock-face as part of the completed sculpture, but records indicate that the current Willard clock was installed around 1835. The Car of History was created by Carlo Franzoni, born into a family of sculptors in Cararra, Italy. His older brother, Giuseppe, was a sculptor who had come to the United States and worked at the Capitol until his untimely death, and in 1816 Carlo came to take his place at the government's request. Franzoni family lore maintains that the model for Clio was Carlo's niece (likely Giuseppe's daughter). Franzoni completed the Car of History shortly before his death from heart complications in May 1819. A design for the sculpture first appears in an August 1815 drawing by architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe. The drawing shows his proposal for rebuilding the former Hall of the House of Representatives, which was destroyed when British troops burned the Capitol in 1814 during the War of 1812. Latrobe's drawing of the sculpture differs from Franzoni's completed version in several ways: that car is traveling from east to west; Clio is seated rather than standing, with her left leg extended forward over the car’s wing; and she holds a mirror in addition to a pen. Latrobe may have been inspired by Empire mantel clocks, which also feature Roman-style chariots with clock face wheels and are often combined with mythological figures; however, Latrobe's creative solution of literally wedding time with history on a monumental scale appears to be unprecedented. The statue and the clock have both undergone periodic restoration, and conservation has consisted chiefly of removing grime and stains. Some small repairs and replacements have also been made to the clock mechanism. The above was from https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/car-history-clock
9. CAPNSH_221229_067.JPG: Dr. Norman E. Borlaug Statue The Basics Artist: Benjamin Victor Materials: Bronze Year: 2014 Location: National Statuary Hall This statue of Dr. Norman E. Borlaug was given to the National Statuary Hall Collection by Iowa in 2014. Norman Ernest Borlaug was born on March 25, 1914, on a farm near Cresco, Iowa. An energetic and inquisitive youth, he completed high school—unusual in that place and time—and then worked his way through the University of Minnesota. He never forgot his arrival in Minneapolis–St. Paul in 1932 during the Great Depression, when hungry, desperate people begged for food and were near rioting; that memory and his 1935 experience in the Civilian Conservation Corps, where many of the people who worked under him were starving, would have a profound influence on his life’s work. After receiving a bachelor’s degree in forestry, he worked for the U.S. Forest Service in Massachusetts and Idaho and then returned to his alma mater, earning a master's degree in 1940 and a doctorate in plant pathology and genetics in 1942. He worked first as a microbiologist investigating fungicides and preservatives for the du Pont de Nemours Foundation and then as a geneticist and plant pathologist for the Cooperative Wheat Research and Production Program, a joint project of the Mexican government and the Rockefeller Foundation; in the latter position he developed mutation techniques that adapted crops to specific climate regions. His accomplishments led to dramatic increases in crop yields in Latin America, the Near and Middle East, Africa, and Asia. This also helped reduce deforestation, for growing more food no longer required creating more farmland. Dr. Borlaug was later made director of the International Wheat Improvement Program, in which he taught research and production methods to young scientists. He established the World Food Prize Global Youth Institute to give high school students the opportunity to learn about food security and fighting hunger. He traveled to many famine-stricken regions around the world, working with scientists and governments to bring the benefits of agricultural science to local farmers. In 1984 he became a Distinguished Professor at Texas A&M University, a position he held for the rest of his life. Throughout his career, Borlaug was well served not only by his education and intelligence but also by the capacity for hard physical exertion that he had developed as an Iowa farm boy and displayed as a star wrestler in high school and college. Prolonged time in the field was a major part of his work; in fact, he was working in a wheat field outside Mexico City when he learned that he was to receive the Nobel Prize. Characteristically humble, he first believed that the announcement was a joke. When convinced that it was true, he decided to keep working and celebrate later. Borlaug remained active and interested in the challenge of feeding the world’s increasing population throughout his life. For his achievements in this field, he became one of only three Americans (and seven people worldwide) awarded the Nobel Peace Prize (1970), the Presidential Medal of Freedom (1977), and the Congressional Gold Medal (2007). He was also recognized by humanitarian and professional organizations and by governments around the world, including honors from the United Nations, Canada, Mexico, Norway, Hungary, India, and Bangladesh as well as the United States. A wing of a science building at the University of Minnesota bears his name, as do a building at Texas A&M University and an Iowa City elementary school; the Dr. Norman E. Borlaug Hall of Laureates in Des Moines, Iowa, is the home of the World Food Prize, the organization Dr. Borlaug created to be the equivalent of a "Nobel Prize for food and agriculture." He was especially satisfied when the people of Ciudad Obreg�n in Sonora, Mexico, where he did some of his first experiments, named a street for him. He died at the age of 95 on September 12, 2009, at his home in Dallas, Texas. The Statue The seven-foot bronze statue of Dr. Borlaug depicts him at work in a field and is based on a photograph of him taken in 1964 near Ciudad Obreg�n as he checked the resistance of wheat plants to disease. He wears a narrow-brimmed hat for protection from the sun, a shirt with open collar and rolled sleeves, and work pants and boots. His gaze is focused in concentration; on his left arm he supports a clipboard and his right hand holds a pencil with which he records his observations. Stalks of wheat bend behind him in the breeze, growing from the earth of the self base on which he stands. The front of the Iowa limestone pedestal carries the main inscription: IOWA DR. NORMAN E. BORLAUG 1914 – 2009 [Bronze replicas of three medals] FATHER OF THE GREEN REVOLUTION On the proper right side of the pedestal is inscribed "THE MAN WHO SAVED A BILLION LIVES"; on the proper left are listed the medals shown on the front: NOBEL PEACE PRIZE PRESIDENTIAL MEDAL OF FREEDOM CONGRESSIONAL GOLD MEDAL The statue of Dr. Borlaug was unveiled in National Statuary Hall on March 25, 2014, the centennial of his birth. It replaces one of college president, United States Senator, and Secretary of the Interior James Harlan, which the state of Iowa donated to the National Statuary Hall Collection in 1910. The Sculptor Sculptor Benjamin Victor (1979– ), who works in Idaho, is also represented in the National Statuary Hall Collection by the bronze statues of Sarah Winnemucca, donated by the state of Nevada in 2005, and Chief Standing Bear, donated by the state of Nebraska in 2019. The above was from https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/dr-norman-e-borlaug-statue
10. CAPNSH_221229_070.JPG: Francis Preston Blair Statue The Basics Artist: Alexander Doyle Materials: Marble Year: 1899 Location: National Statuary Hall This statue of Francis Preston Blair was given to the National Statuary Hall Collection by Missouri in 1899. Francis Blair was born on February 19, 1821, in Lexington, Kentucky. He attended schools in Washington, D.C., graduated from Princeton University in 1841, and studied law at Transylvania University. After his admission to the bar in Lexington, he went on to practice in St. Louis in 1842. Blair participated in the Mexican War and was appointed attorney general for the New Mexican Territory after it was secured by General Kearny. A personal and political friend of Thomas Hart Benton, he became known for his views opposing slavery. He also was an outspoken Free-Soiler and was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1852. He was defeated in 1858 but reelected in 1860. In 1861 he was instrumental in saving Missouri for the Union. He served as a major general in the United States Army during the Civil War. At the close of the war, Blair, having spent much of his private fortune in support of the Union, was financially ruined. He was the unsuccessful Democratic candidate for vice president in 1868, but he was chosen by the Missouri Legislature as a United States Senator in 1871. He was defeated for reelection in 1873. During the same year he was stricken with paralysis, from which he never recovered. Blair died on July 9, 1875. The above was from https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/francis-preston-blair-statue
11. CAPNSH_221229_072.JPG: Francis Preston Blair Statue The Basics Artist: Alexander Doyle Materials: Marble Year: 1899 Location: National Statuary Hall This statue of Francis Preston Blair was given to the National Statuary Hall Collection by Missouri in 1899. Francis Blair was born on February 19, 1821, in Lexington, Kentucky. He attended schools in Washington, D.C., graduated from Princeton University in 1841, and studied law at Transylvania University. After his admission to the bar in Lexington, he went on to practice in St. Louis in 1842. Blair participated in the Mexican War and was appointed attorney general for the New Mexican Territory after it was secured by General Kearny. A personal and political friend of Thomas Hart Benton, he became known for his views opposing slavery. He also was an outspoken Free-Soiler and was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1852. He was defeated in 1858 but reelected in 1860. In 1861 he was instrumental in saving Missouri for the Union. He served as a major general in the United States Army during the Civil War. At the close of the war, Blair, having spent much of his private fortune in support of the Union, was financially ruined. He was the unsuccessful Democratic candidate for vice president in 1868, but he was chosen by the Missouri Legislature as a United States Senator in 1871. He was defeated for reelection in 1873. During the same year he was stricken with paralysis, from which he never recovered. Blair died on July 9, 1875.
12. CAPNSH_221229_074.JPG: Rosa Parks Statue Rosa Parks' statue was unveiled in National Statuary Hall of the United States Capitol, approximately 100 years after her birth on February 4, 1913. The Basics Artist: Daub and Firmin Studios, LLC Materials: Bronze Year: 2013 Location: National Statuary Hall Rosa Louise McCauley was born in Tuskegee, Alabama, on February 4, 1913. She was raised on a farm, attended rural schools, then took some vocational and academic courses at the Industrial School for Girls in Montgomery before leaving to care for her grandmother and mother during their illnesses. In 1932, she married barber Raymond Parks, who was working with the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). In 1933, she completed her high school studies. Ten years later, she joined the NAACP and was elected secretary. Her involvement with the organization heightened her awareness of the injustices imposed by Jim Crow laws in the former Confederate states, which mandated racial segregation in public facilities and retail establishments. On December 1, 1955, while riding a bus home from her job as a department-store seamstress, she refused to obey the driver's direction to move from her seat to make room for a newly boarded white passenger. She was arrested. On December 5, at her trial, she was found guilty of disorderly conduct and violating a local ordinance. That day was also the start of a bus boycott that would last more than a year and increase the prominence of many figures in the civil rights movement, including Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. The boycott ended only after a separate Supreme Court decision held that segregation on public buses was unconstitutional. After her conviction, Parks was fired from her job and she and her husband sought work, first in Virginia and then in Michigan. She worked as a seamstress until 1965, then served as secretary and receptionist to U.S. Representative John Conyers until her retirement in 1988. She co-founded the Rosa L. Parks Scholarship Foundation in 1980 and the Rosa and Raymond Parks Institute for Self-Development in 1987. She published her autobiography in 1992 and her memoirs in 1995. Rosa Parks remained an icon of the civil rights movement to the end of her life. In 1999, the United States Congress honored her with a Congressional Gold Medal. Following her death on October 24, 2005, she was accorded the rare tribute of having her remains lie in honor in the Rotunda of the U.S. Capitol in recognition of her contribution to advancing civil and human rights. The Statue Authorized by the Congress in 2005, the statue of Rosa Parks is historically significant as being the first full-length statue of an African American person in the U.S. Capitol. It is also the first statue commissioned by the Congress since 1873. It follows the bust of Martin Luther King Jr., also commissioned by the Congress, that was unveiled in 1986 and the bust of Sojourner Truth placed in 2009. Despite its location in the U.S. Capitol, the Rosa Parks statue is not a part of the National Statuary Hall Collection. The statue depicts Rosa Parks wearing the same clothes she wore on the day she was arrested. Based on photographic research into what she was wearing the day on the bus, she is shown wearing a round brimless hat, glasses, a cloth coat over her dress, laced shoes and she holds the handle of her purse. She is seated on a rock-like formation of which she seems almost a part, symbolizing her famous refusal to give up her bus seat. Her upper body is slightly turned to the right. Her head is erect, her back is straight and both her hands and her ankles are crossed; this posture, along with the expression on her face, suggests inner strength, dignity, resolve and determination, all characteristic of her long-time commitment to working for civil rights. The statue is close to nine feet tall including its pedestal. The bronze statue weighs 600 pounds and the granite pedestal, partially hollowed out inside, weighs 2,100 pounds. The pedestal is made of Raven Black granite and inscribed simply with her name and life dates, "Rosa Parks/1913–2005." The Sculptor and Designer A national competition was managed by the National Endowment for the Arts in partnership with the Architect of the Capitol to select the statue's design. Artists' proposals were reviewed by a panel of experts and judged on artistic excellence and artistic merit. Ten semifinalists were selected by the panel to produce a maquette, or small-scale model, of the proposed sculpture. Several entries were then selected by the panel for the review and final selection by the Joint Committee on the Library. The commission was awarded in November 2009, to Daub and Firmin Studios, LLC, which is based in Kensington, and San Pedro, California. Eugene E. Daub, a sculptor with more than 30 years of experience, was the master artist and sculptor. He studied at the University of Pittsburgh, the Pennsylvania Academy for the Fine Arts, and Alfred University in New York. He is a Fellow of the National Sculpture Society. Dr. Rob Firmin, partner at Daub and Firmin Studios, provided research for this project and worked with Daub on the concept and design of the statue. Dr. Firmin, earned degrees in history and art history, an MBA from Columbia University and a Ph.D. from the University of Chicago. Partnering with Eugene Daub since 2005, he has contributed to 40 public art sculptures in addition to his own work. Together they created a unique design for the statue of Rosa Parks that captures her dignity, determination and resolve. The above was from https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/rosa-parks-statue
13. CAPNSH_221229_092.JPG: Barry Goldwater Statue The Basics Artist: Deborah Copenhaver Fellows Materials: Bronze Year: 2015 Location: National Statuary Hall This statue of Barry Goldwater was given to the National Statuary Hall Collection by Arizona in 2015. Barry Goldwater served five terms in the United States Senate representing Arizona and was the 1964 Republican candidate for President of the United States. Author of The Conscience of a Conservative (1960), he is widely recognized as the founder of the modern conservative movement. He was born Barry Morris Goldwater on January 1, 1909, in Phoenix, which was then the capital of the Arizona Territory. He attended Phoenix public schools, graduated from Staunton Military Academy in Virginia, and studied at the University of Arizona in Tucson for a year. In 1929 he left college to work in the family department store, Goldwater's, which was the largest in Phoenix. There he established a five-day work week and improved employees' benefits. He took over the business upon his father's death in 1930. Around this time he also developed a life-long interest in aviation and became a pilot. In 1934 he married Margaret Johnson, with whom he had four children; his son Barry Jr. would be elected a U.S. Representative from California in 1969, becoming the first person to serve in the House while his father was in the Senate. In 1985, Margaret passed away; seven years later he married Susan Shaffer Wechsler. During the Second World War Goldwater served as a pilot in the U.S. Army Air Force in the Asiatic Theater from August 1941 to November 1945, flying chiefly between the United States and India but also crossing the Himalayas to deliver supplies to China. He joined the Air Force Reserve after the war and founded the Arizona Air National Guard, which he desegregated two years earlier than the rest of the U.S. military. In 1967 he retired with the rank of major general, having flown 165 types of aircraft. After the war, Goldwater served from 1948 to 1950 on an Indian Affairs advisory committee for the Department of the Interior. In 1949 he won a seat on the Phoenix city council, launching his career in public service. Three years later, in 1952, he won his first of two consecutive terms in the United States Senate, where he gained national prominence as a speaker for conservative causes. He supported numerous pieces of civilrights legislation but in 1964 voted against the final version of the Civil Rights Act because he believed it too intrusive upon the rights of states and individuals. Also in that year he won the Republican nomination for the presidency. He was defeated by incumbent Lyndon B. Johnson, but Arizonans returned him to the Senate in 1968, 1974, and 1980; he chose not to seek re-election in 1986. In 1996, after he suffered a massive stroke, his family announced that he was in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease. Barry Goldwater died on May 29, 1998, at the age of 89 in his home in Paradise Valley, Arizona. Goldwater was recognized with numerous awards and honors, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1986 and the Langley Gold Medal from the Smithsonian Institution in 1987. Buildings and monuments named for him include the Visitor Center at the United States Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs and a terminal at Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport. In 1986, Congress established the Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship and Excellence in Education Program to assist college sophomores and juniors studying science, mathematics, and engineering. The Statue The bronze statue depicts Goldwater as a man in his fifties or sixties, during the time he was a United States Senator. Wearing a suit with cowboy boots and a southwestern bolo tie, he stands in a casual pose as if in mid-conversation, gesturing with his right hand; his left hand is hooked in the pocket of his pants. The self base of the statue has two levels, suggestive of the uneven, rocky landscape of the Arizona desert. The pedestal of Juparana Florence granite supports the statue. On its front is inscribed "BARRY GOLDWATER / 1909–1998 / ARIZONA." The Sculptor A panel formed by the Arizona Historical Advisory Commission selected sculptor and Arizona resident Deborah Copenhaver Fellows (1948– ) to undertake this commission. An avid horse enthusiast and accomplished rider, she is best known for her small bronzes on western themes. She has also completed portrait statues of several notable figures, including singer Bing Crosby, businessman Adolph Coors, and philanthropist James Irvine. Fellows sculpted Vietnam Veterans memorials located in Missoula, Montana, and Spokane, Washington, as well as the Korean War Veterans Memorial at the state capitol in Olympia, Washington. She has been a member of the National Sculpture Society since 2008. The above was from https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/barry-goldwater-statue
14. CAPNSH_221229_094.JPG: Henry Clay Statue The Basics Artist: Charles H. Niehaus Materials: Bronze Year: 1929 Location: National Statuary Hall This statue of Henry Clay was given to the National Statuary Hall Collection by Kentucky in 1929. Henry Clay was born in Hanover County, Virginia, on April 12, 1777. His only formal education was three years at a small school. After his father died, his mother remarried and Clay moved to Richmond. His stepfather secured him a position with the clerk of the High Court of Chancery. Inspired, Clay began law studies in 1796, finished a year later, and quickly earned a reputation as a skillful lawyer. In 1797 Clay moved to Lexington, Kentucky, a city with a reputation for culture and influence. He was elected a U.S. senator for a short term in 1806-1807. He then returned to serve in the Kentucky legislature from 1808 to 1809. He returned to the United States Senate from 1810 to 1811; he also served in the Senate from 1831 to 1842 and from 1849 to 1852. Henry Clay had the distinction of also serving as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from 1811 to 1821 and from 1823 to 1825; he was Speaker of the House from 1811 to 1820. Clay also served as a member of the Ghent Peace Commission. President John Quincy Adams appointed him secretary of state from 1825 to 1829, and he ran as the Whig nominee for President in 1832. Clay was author of the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and the Compromise of 1850. Henry Clay died on June 29, 1852. The above was from https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/henry-clay-statue
15. CAPNSH_221229_105.JPG: John Burke Statue The Basics Artist: Avard Fairbanks Materials: Bronze Year: 1963 Location: National Statuary Hall This statue of John Burke was given to the National Statuary Hall Collection by North Dakota in 1963. John Burke was born on February 25, 1859, in Sigourney, Iowa. He was educated in local schools and received his law degree from the University of Iowa in 1886. In 1888 he migrated to the Dakota Territory, where he worked as a harvest hand and schoolmaster. He began his law practice in his hotel room and helped publish the town newspaper. By 1889 he was a successful lawyer and was elected Rolette County judge. He later became state's attorney of Rolette County. Burke served in the North Dakota House of Representatives in 1891 and in the state Senate from 1893 to 1895. Nicknamed "Honest John," Burke was a man of unquestioned integrity. As governor from 1907 to 1913, his great accomplishment was ridding North Dakota of corrupt political control. He initiated many reforms, including regulation of lobbying, establishment of a tax commission, and laws providing for the first primary election. He supported legislation regarding child labor, juvenile courts, and an employment compensation commission. His concern for the public welfare was reflected in food and sanitation laws; a public health law; and regulation of medicine, surgery, and public utilities. In 1913, he was appointed treasurer of the United States by President Woodrow Wilson and served until 1921. He resumed law practice in Fargo. In 1924, he was elected a justice on the Supreme Court of North Dakota, serving as chief justice from 1929 to 1931 and from 1935 to 1937. He died on May 14, 1937. The above was from https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/john-burke-statue
16. CAPNSH_221229_118.JPG: Liberty and the Eagle Sculpture In the niche above the entablature on the south wall of National Statuary Hall stands the heroic-sized figure of Liberty. The Basics Artist: Enrico Causici Materials: Plaster Year: 1819 Dimensions: 13' 7" Location: National Statuary Hall An American eagle stands to Liberty's right, and the scroll in her right hand is the Constitution of the United States. To her left, a serpent, the symbol of wisdom, is entwined around a section of a column. Placed here between 1817-1819 when the U.S. Capitol was rebuilt after the fire of 1814, she originally looked down on the House of Representatives which met in the hall during that time. The above was from https://www.aoc.gov/explore-capitol-campus/art/liberty-and-eagle-sculpture
17. CAPNSH_221229_122.JPG: Hannibal Hamlin Statue The Basics Artist: Charles E. Tefft Materials: Bronze Year: 1935 Location: National Statuary Hall This statue of Hannibal Hamlin was given to the National Statuary Hall Collection by Maine in 1935. Hannibal Hamlin was born August 27, 1809, at Paris Hill, Maine. He attended the local schools and Hebron Academy, studied law in Portland, and was admitted to the bar in 1833. Moving to Hampden, he set up a law practice that flourished. He soon entered politics, serving as the Hampden representative in the legislature in from 1836 to 1841 and in 1847. In 1842 he was elected to Congress, and he served for five years. While he was serving in the state legislature in 1848, Hamlin was elected to serve the balance of Senator Fairfield's term and was reelected in 1851. He served briefly as governor of Maine in 1857, but resigned to return to the Senate. He served with distinction as Lincoln's first vice president. Hamlin then served as port collector in Boston and as president of a small railroad company. He returned to the Senate in 1869 and served until 1881, when he became Minister to Spain. Following this last political appointment, he returned to his home in Bangor. Hamlin's statesmanship was based on common sense and simple rhetoric, qualities that earned him the respect of his peers. His active public service career extended to other institutions. For 16 years he was a regent of the Smithsonian Institution and for 20 years he was dean of the Board of Regents for Waterville College, now Colby College. Hamlin died on July 4, 1891, in Bangor.
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2022 photos: This website had its 20th anniversary in August, 2022. Overnight trips this year: (February) Asheville, NC to visit Dad and Dixie and some other members of my family, (July) A trip out west for the return of San Diego Comic-Con, and (October) A long weekend in New York to cover New York Comic-Con. Equipment this year: I continued to use my Fuji XS-1 cameras but, depending on the event, I also used a Nikon D7000. Number of photos taken this year: about 386,000, up 2020 and 2021 levels but still way below pre-pandemic levels.
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