BGuthrie Photos: DC -- NMAAHC -- Exhibit: (C2) Defending Freedom, Defining Freedom: Era of Segregation 1876-1968

DC -- NMAAHC -- Exhibit: (C2) Defending Freedom, Defining Freedom: Era of Segregation 1876-1968:

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Copyrights: All pictures were taken by amateur photographer Bruce Guthrie (me!) who retains copyright on them. Free for non-commercial use with attribution. See the [Creative Commons] definition of what this means. "Photos (c) Bruce Guthrie" is fine for attribution. (Commercial use folks including AI scrapers can of course contact me.) Feel free to use in publications and pages with attribution but you don't have permission to sell the photos themselves. A free copy of any printed publication using any photographs is requested. Descriptive text, if any, is from a mixture of sources, quite frequently from signs at the location or from official web sites; copyrights, if any, are retained by their original owners.

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. AADEF_200121_006.JPG: Southern Railway Company Coach No. 1200, 1923 Redesigned as a segregated car, 1940 For most of the 20th century, long-distance travel meant taking a train. For African Americans, such travel often meant hours or days of segregated accommodations throughout the South and much of the Midwest. This railroad coach, extensively rebuilt inside and out in 1940, was meant for long trips. It has separate sections of reclining seats and rest rooms for whites and blacks. The added lounges were reserved for white passengers. There are no overnight berths.
2. AADEF_200121_015.JPG: "Whites Only" Section
3. AADEF_200121_022.JPG: "Whites Only" women's restroom and lounge
4. AADEF_200121_030.JPG: "Whites Only" Water Cooler
5. AADEF_200121_033.JPG: "Whites Only" Oversized Luggage Bins African Americans had to store their oversized luggage in the aisle, at their feet, or in their laps.
6. AADEF_200121_039.JPG: "Whites Only" men's restroom and smoking lounge
7. AADEF_200121_045.JPG: "Colored" water cooler used by African Americans
8. AADEF_200121_051.JPG: Restrooms in the "colored" section used by African Americans are smaller and lack of lounge area. There are no oversized luggage bins.
9. AADEF_200121_053.JPG: "Colored" Restroom used by African Americans
10. AADEF_200121_065.JPG: Smithfield This residential area was carved from the Joseph Riley Smith plantation, a 600 acre antebellum farm, one of the largest in 19th century Jefferson County. Smithfield lies to the west of Birmingham's city center on the flat land & hills north of Village Creek & has the city's earliest & most substantial concentration of black, middle-class residences, small commercial enclaves & churches. The neighborhood illustrates the lifestyles of a wide spectrum of black Birmingham citizens in the early 20th century, & provides an exceptional view of the emergence of a black white-collar class in the city. Residential structures include a variety of industrial housing types, as well as examples of the fashionable styles built for community leaders. Nicodemus Nicodemus, established in 1877, was one of several African American settlements in Kansas. The 350 settlers came from Kentucky to escape the problems of the oppression of the "Jim Crow" South. Residents established a newspaper, a bank, hotels, schools, churches, and other businesses. They enjoyed much success despite the hardships and challenges of late 19th century High Plains settlement -- wind, drought,swarming insects, and more. The town grew rapidly through the 1880s and many prospered. But when Nicodemus failed to secure the railroad, growth slowed and the population began to dwindle after World War I. Edward P. McCabe, who joined the colony in 1878, served two terms as state auditor, 1883-1887, the first African American elected to a statewide office in Kansas. A symbol of the African American experience in the West, Nicodemus operates today as a unit of the National Park Service.
11. AADEF_200121_074.JPG: African American Life in Montgomery County
12. AADEF_200121_085.JPG: A Maryland freedmen's cabin Sugarland Seneca Quarry, late 1800s Residents of Sugarland were able to get work at the nearby Seneca Quarry.
13. AADEF_200121_089.JPG: Drawing water from a pump in Montgomery County Elderly resident of Sugarland, Maryland
14. AADEF_200121_096.JPG: Jones Hall Sims House The original one-and-a-half-story structure was simple in form and typical of the area. Constructed of notched logs, it had one large room on the main floor and another on the second. Parents slept on the main level and the children upstairs. A stove near the center of the house provided heat. Richard Jones, one of the founders of Jonesville, built the house.
15. AADEF_200918_01.JPG: Empty floors during Covid-19 pandemic.
16. AADEF_200918_07.JPG: All of the interactives are turned off.
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Description of Subject Matter: Defending Freedom, Defining Freedom: Era of Segregation 1876-1968
September 24, 2016 – Indefinitely
This exhibition takes visitors from the end of Reconstruction through the civil rights movement of the 1960s. It is rich with history and artifacts that capture the major aspects of the ongoing struggle by the nation in general and African Americans in particular to define and make real the meaning of freedom. The exhibition illustrates how African Americans not only survived the challenges set before them, but crafted an important role for themselves in the nation, and how the nation was changed as a consequence of these struggles.
Some of the most powerful artifacts in the museum are located here:
* Emmett Till’s casket
* dress made by Rosa Parks
* prison tower from Louisiana State Penitentiary in Angola
* segregated Southern Railway rail car from the Jim Crow era
* Greensboro, N.C., Woolworth’s lunch-counter stools
* house (c. 1874) built, owned, and lived in by freed slaves in Maryland
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Directly Related Pages: Other pages with content (DC -- NMAAHC -- Exhibit: (C2) Defending Freedom, Defining Freedom: Era of Segregation 1876-1968) directly related to this one: [Display ALL photos on one page]:
- 2022_DC_SINMAA_Defining: DC -- NMAAHC -- Exhibit: (C2) Defending Freedom, Defining Freedom: Era of Segregation 1876-1968 (6 photos from 2022)
- 2021_DC_SINMAA_Defining: DC -- NMAAHC -- Exhibit: (C2) Defending Freedom, Defining Freedom: Era of Segregation 1876-1968 (60 photos from 2021)
- 2016_DC_SINMAA_Defining: DC -- NMAAHC -- Exhibit: (C2) Defending Freedom, Defining Freedom: Era of Segregation 1876-1968 (356 photos from 2016)
Same Subject: Click on this link to see coverage of items having the same subject: [(Smithsonian) National Museum of African American History and Culture] [Museums (History)]
2020 photos: Well, that was a year, wasn't it? The COVID-19 pandemic cut off most events here in DC after March 11. The child president's handling of the pandemic was a series of disastrous missteps and lies, encouraging his minions to not wear masks and dramatically increasing infections and deaths here.The BLM protests started in June, made all the worse by the child president's inability to have any empathy for anyone other than himself. Then of course he tried to steal the election in November. What a year! Equipment this year: I continued to use my Fuji XS-1 cameras but, depending on the event, I also used a Nikon D7000. The farthest distance I traveled after that was about 40 miles. I only visited sites in four states -- Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia and DC. That was the least amount of travel I had done since 1995. Number of photos taken this year: about 246,000, the fewest number of photos I had taken in any year since 2007.
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