BGuthrie Photos: NY -- NYC -- Museum of Modern Art -- 6th Floor

NY -- NYC -- Museum of Modern Art -- 6th Floor:

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[1] MOMA6_191221_001.JPG	[2] MOMA6_191221_007.JPG	[3] MOMA6_191221_011.JPG
[4] MOMA6_191221_013.JPG	[5] MOMA6_191221_017.JPG	[6] MOMA6_191221_020.JPG
[7] MOMA6_191221_024.JPG	[8] MOMA6_191221_028.JPG	[9] MOMA6_191221_032.JPG
[10] MOMA6_191221_033.JPG	[11] MOMA6_191221_037.JPG	[12] MOMA6_191221_039.JPG
[13] MOMA6_191221_042.JPG	[14] MOMA6_191221_044.JPG	[15] MOMA6_191221_049.JPG
[16] MOMA6_191221_054.JPG	[17] MOMA6_191221_057.JPG	[18] MOMA6_191221_060.JPG
[19] MOMA6_191221_062.JPG	[20] MOMA6_191221_064.JPG	[21] MOMA6_191221_066.JPG
[22] MOMA6_191221_072.JPG	[23] MOMA6_191221_076.JPG	[24] MOMA6_191221_078.JPG
[25] MOMA6_191221_079.JPG	[26] MOMA6_191221_080.JPG	[27] MOMA6_191221_082.JPG
[28] MOMA6_191221_085.JPG	[29] MOMA6_191221_088.JPG	[30] MOMA6_191221_090.JPG
[31] MOMA6_191221_093.JPG	[32] MOMA6_191221_095.JPG	[33] MOMA6_191221_100.JPG
[34] MOMA6_191221_103.JPG	[35] MOMA6_191221_106.JPG

Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. MOMA6_191221_013.JPG: Sarah Sze Triple Point (Pendulum) Triple Point (Pendulum) was first exhibited at the 55th Venice Biennale, where Sze represented the United States in 2013. The title is borrowed from the term "the triple point of water," a reference to the state at which water can coexist simultaneously in three forms: steam, ice, and liquid. Gathering the objects from the world around us, Sze creates a sculpture in a state of flux, hovering between many forms at once. The swinging pendulum, which defines the boundaries of the work, also seems to threaten its potential destruction. This sense of precariousness is a central theme in Sze's work, as is the tension between wonder and anxiety generated by the profusion of information and objects in contemporary life.
2. MOMA6_191221_042.JPG: Janet Cardiff & George Bures Miller The Killing Machine In an automated ballet of robotics, props, light, and sound, The Killing Machine operates on an unseen, imagined victim. You may activate it by pushing the red button labeled "press." Alluding in part to Franz Kafka's 1919 short story "In the Penal Colony," about an elaborate execution apparatus, The Killing Machine ironically contrasts its sinister activity with the rudimentary mechanics of a music box and playful embellishments like faux fur and a disco ball. Part of the artists' continued exploration of theatrical tropes and immersive environments, this work brings to life a haunting spectacle that, in its futility, doubles as a critique of the sanctioned use of torture.
3. MOMA6_191221_064.JPG: Mark Manders Room with Chairs and Factory Fox/Mouse/Belt Described by the artist as "self-portrait as a building," Room with Chairs and Factory is part of Manders's ongoing exploration of self through architecture. This installation portrays a suspended moment, a kind of snapshot of the artist's studio midway through the creation process. "Although I frequently spend years on a composition, it has to appear as if it's been made without any interruption and left behind a moment ago." Fox/Mouse/Belt is an example: it looks like it was molded out of wet clay when in fact it was cast in bronze. Ironically, a long process was needed to achieve the appearance of haste.
4. MOMA6_191221_066.JPG: Sheila Hicks Pillar of Inquiry / Supple Column Inspired by the histories of structures she has encountered during her travels throughout the world, Hicks has long pursued the subtleties of pairing the design of fiber objects with the environments that contain them -- in this case, the museum building. For the artist, fabric is a universal language: she has said, "In all of the cultures of the world, textile is a crucial and essential component… . There's a level of familiarity that immediately breaks down any prejudice." Designed to span from floor to ceiling of any space in which it is installed, Pillar of Inquiry/Supple Column redefines -- if only temporarily -- the surrounding architecture.
5. MOMA6_191221_072.JPG: Sadie Benning Shared Eye Benning once stated, "The invention of photography was something that was literally a threat to painting as a medium, and it feels unnerving to me somehow to insert one into the other -- like a bad idea, or like sitting the wrong people next to one another at dinner." The panels that make up Shared Eye combine three-dimensional objects with both found analog photographs and digital images shot by Benning. Their use of images and objects reflects a diversity of viewpoints and tastes: the "shared eye" of the title that envisions the act of seeing as fundamentally collaborative.
6. MOMA6_191221_100.JPG: Jo Ann Hearld came up from DC the same weekend and we ran into each other in the exhibit.
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Wikipedia Description: Museum of Modern Art
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is an art museum located in Midtown Manhattan in New York City, USA, on 53rd Street, between Fifth and Sixth Avenues. It has been singularly important in developing and collecting modernist art, and is often identified as the most influential museum of modern art in the world. The museum's collection offers an unparalleled overview of modern and contemporary art, including works of architecture and design, drawings, painting, sculpture, photography, prints, illustrated books and artist's books, film, and electronic media.

MoMA's library and archives hold over 300,000 books, artist books, and periodicals, as well as individual files on more than 70,000 artists. The archives contain primary source material related to the history of modern and contemporary art. It also houses an award-winning fine dining restaurant, The Modern, run by Alsace-born chef Gabriel Kreuther.

History:

The idea for The Museum of Modern Art was developed in 1928 primarily by Abby Aldrich Rockefeller (wife of John D. Rockefeller Jr.) and two of her friends, Lillie P. Bliss and Mrs. Cornelius J. Sullivan. They became known variously as "the Ladies", "the daring ladies" and "the adamantine ladies". They rented modest quarters for the new museum and it opened to the public on November 7, 1929, nine days after the Wall Street Crash. Abby had invited A. Conger Goodyear, the former president of the board of trustees of the Albright Art Gallery in Buffalo, New York, to become president of the new museum. Abby became treasurer. At the time, it was America's premier museum devoted exclusively to modern art, and the first of its kind in Manhattan to exhibit European modernism.

Goodyear enlisted Paul J. Sachs and Frank Crowninshield to join him as founding trustees. Sachs, the associate director and curator of prints and drawings at the Fogg Art Museum at Harvard University, was referred to in those days as a collector of curators. Goodyear asked him to recommend a director and Sachs suggested Alfred H. Barr Jr., a promising young protege. Under Barr's guidance, the museum's holdings quickly expanded from an initial gift of eight prints and one drawing. Its first successful loan exhibition was in November 1929, displaying paintings by Van Gogh, Gauguin, Cezanne, and Seurat.

First housed in six rooms of galleries and offices on the twelfth floor of Manhattan's Heckscher Building, on the corner of Fifth Avenue and 57th Street, the museum moved into three more temporary locations within the next ten years. Abby's husband was adamantly opposed to the museum (as well as to modern art itself) and refused to release funds for the venture, which had to be obtained from other sources and resulted in the frequent shifts of location. Nevertheless, he eventually donated the land for the current site of the museum, plus other gifts over time, and thus became in effect one of its greatest benefactors.

During that time it initiated many more exhibitions of noted artists, such as the lone Vincent van Gogh exhibition on November 4, 1935. Containing an unprecedented sixty-six oils and fifty drawings from the Netherlands, and poignant excerpts from the artist's letters, it was a major public success and became "a precursor to the hold van Gogh has to this day on the contemporary imagination".

The museum also gained international prominence with the hugely successful and now famous Picasso retrospective of 1939-40, held in conjunction with the Art Institute of Chicago. In its range of presented works, it represented a significant reinterpretation of Picasso for future art scholars and historians. This was wholly masterminded by Barr, a Picasso enthusiast, and the exhibition lionized Picasso as the greatest artist of the time, setting the model for all the museum's retrospectives that were to follow.

When Abby Rockefeller's son Nelson was selected by the board of trustees to become its flamboyant president in 1939, at the age of thirty, he became the prime instigator and funder of its publicity, acquisitions and subsequent expansion into new headquarters on 53rd Street. His brother, David Rockefeller, also joined the museum's board of trustees, in 1948, and took over the presidency when Nelson took up position as Governor of New York in 1958.

David subsequently employed the noted architect Philip Johnson to redesign the museum garden and name it in honor of his mother, the Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Sculpture Garden. He and the Rockefeller family in general have retained a close association with the museum throughout its history, with the Rockefeller Brothers Fund funding the institution since 1947. Both David Rockefeller, Jr. and Sharon Percy Rockefeller (wife of Senator Jay Rockefeller) currently sit on the board of trustees.

In 1937, MoMA had shifted to offices and basement galleries in the Time & Life Building in Rockefeller Center. Its permanent and current home, now renovated, designed in the International Style by the modernist architects Philip Goodwin and Edward Durell Stone, opened to the public on May 10, 1939, attended by an illustrious company of 6,000 people, and with an opening address via radio from the White House by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Artworks:

Considered by many to have the best collection of modern Western masterpieces in the world, MoMA's holdings include more than 150,000 individual pieces in addition to approximately 22,000 films and 4 million film stills. The collection houses such important and familiar works as the following:
La Boh�mienne endormie (The Sleeping Gypsy – Zingara che dorme) by Henri Rousseau, 1897

* The Sleeping Gypsy by Henri Rousseau
* The Starry Night by Vincent van Gogh
* Les Demoiselles d'Avignon by Pablo Picasso
* The Persistence of Memory by Salvador Dal�
* Broadway Boogie Woogie by Piet Mondrian
* Campbell's Soup Cans by Andy Warhol
* The Seed of the Areoi by Paul Gauguin
* Water Lilies triptych by Claude Monet
* The Dance by Henri Matisse
* The Bather by Paul C�zanne
* The City Rises by Umberto Boccioni
* Love Song by Giorgio De Chirico
* Number 31, 1950 by Jackson Pollock
* Broken Obelisk by Barnett Newman
* Christina's World by Andrew Wyeth
* Self-Portrait With Cropped Hair by Frida Kahlo
* Painting (1946) by Francis Bacon
* Two Children Are Threatened by a Nightingale by Max Ernst

It also holds works by a wide range of influential American artists including Cindy Sherman, Jean-Michel Basquiat, Jasper Johns, Edward Hopper, Chuck Close, Georgia O'Keeffe, and Ralph Bakshi.

MoMA developed a world-renowned art photography collection, first under Edward Steichen and then John Szarkowski, as well as an important film collection under The Museum of Modern Art Department of Film and Video. The film collection owns prints of many familiar feature-length movies, including Citizen Kane and Vertigo, but the department's holdings also contains many less-traditional pieces, including Andy Warhol's eight-hour Empire and Chris Cunningham's music video for Bj�rk's All Is Full of Love. MoMA also has an important design collection, which includes works from such legendary designers as Paul L�szl�, the Eameses, Isamu Noguchi, and George Nelson. The design collection also contains many industrial and manufactured pieces, ranging from a self-aligning ball bearing to an entire Bell 47D1 helicopter.

Exhibition houses:

At various points in its history, MoMA has sponsored and hosted temporary exhibition houses, which have reflected seminal ideas in architectural history.

* 1949: exhibition house by Marcel Breuer
* 1950: exhibition house by Gregory Ain
* 1955: Japanese exhibition house
* 2008: Prefabricated houses planned by:
o Kieran Timberlake Architects
o Lawrence Sass
o Jeremy Edmiston and Douglas Gauthier
o Leo Kaufmann Architects
o Richard Horden

Renovation:

MoMA's midtown location underwent extensive renovations in the early 2000s, closing on May 21, 2002 and reopening to the public in a building redesigned by the Japanese architect Yoshio Taniguchi, on November 20, 2004. From June 29, 2002 until September 27, 2004, a portion of its collection was on display in what was dubbed MoMA QNS, a former Swingline staple factory in the Long Island City section of Queens.

The renovation project nearly doubled the space for MoMA's exhibitions and programs and features 630,000 square feet (59,000 m2) of new and redesigned space. The Peggy and David Rockefeller Building on the western portion of the site houses the main exhibition galleries, and The Lewis B. and Dorothy Cullman Education and Research Building on the eastern portion provides over five times more space for classrooms, auditoriums, teacher training workshops, and the museum's expanded Library and Archives. These two buildings frame the enlarged Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Sculpture Garden.

MoMA's reopening brought controversy as its admission cost increased from US$12 to US$20, making it one of the most expensive museums in the city; however it has free entry on Fridays after 4pm, thanks to sponsorship from Target Stores. The architecture of the renovation is controversial. At its opening, some critics thought that Taniguchi's design was a fine example of contemporary architecture, while many others were extremely displeased with certain aspects of the design, such as the flow of the space.

MoMA has seen its average number of visitors rise to 2.5 million from about 1.5 million a year before its new granite and glass renovation. The museum's director, Glenn D. Lowry, expects average visitor numbers eventually to settle in at around 2.1 million.

Financial Situation:

Before the economic crisis of late 2008, the MoMA’s board of trustees had Glenn Lowry sell its equities in order to move into an all-cash position. This move is not credited to one specific person, but the board includes banker David Rockefeller, Leon Black, a top person in private-equity, and former PaineWebber CEO Donald Marron.
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