BGuthrie Photos: DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (3) World News Gallery

DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (3) World News Gallery:

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. WNEWS_191207_004.JPG: Silencing Journalists In many countries, jailing journalists for doing their jobs has become the new normal, says the Committee to Protect Journalists. Oppressive regimes arrest reporters to silence criticism or retaliate for their work. A leading Saudi Arabian dissident journalist was brutally murdered in October 2018, on orders of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, according to the CIA.
2. WNEWS_191207_008.JPG: Silencing Journalists In many countries, jailing journalists for doing their jobs has become the new normal, says the Committee to Protect Journalists. Oppressive regimes arrest reporters to silence criticism or retaliate for their work. A leading Saudi Arabian dissident journalist was brutally murdered in October 2018, on orders of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, according to the CIA. Washington Post columnist Jamal Khashoggi was reportedly killed and dismembered when he entered the Saudi Consulate in Turkey in 2018 to obtain proof of his divorce. Khashoggi's death prompted global outrage. He was a prominent critic of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, who the CIA says ordered the killing.
3. WNEWS_191207_009.JPG: Washington Post columnist Jamal Khashoggi was reportedly killed and dismembered when he entered the Saudi Consulate in Turkey in 2018 to obtain proof of his divorce. Khashoggi's death prompted global outrage. He was a prominent critic of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, who the CIA says ordered the killing.
4. WNEWS_191207_011.JPG: Worst Countries for Jailing Journalists For the third year in a row, Turkey had more journalists in jail in 2018 than any other country, according to the Committee to Protect Journalists. China issues lists of "approved" journalists while cracking down on those who cover protests and human rights abuses. Egypt's government has used the pretext of national security to clamp down on dissent. In Eritrea, journalists are often imprisoned without trial, and in Vietnam, officials arrest journalists for "anti-government propaganda." More than 251 journalists were imprisoned on phony charges without explanation in 2018, according to CPJ. Turkey: 68 journalists in jail China: 47 Egypt: 25 Eritrea: 15 Vietnam: 11
5. WNEWS_191207_014.JPG: Turkey Continues Crackdown Turkey silences criticism of the regime of President Recep Tayyip Erdogan by jailing journalists. Most are arrested on alleged terrorism or anti-state charges. Since an unsuccessful attempt to oust Erdogan in 2016, hundreds of broadcast outlets, newspapers and magazines have been shut down as Erdogan targets critics of his campaign to consolidate power. Fourteen journalists, lawyers and board members of the leading opposition newspaper, Cumhuriyet, are serving prison sentences of up to seven years for trumped-up charges of aiding terrorist organizations.
6. WNEWS_191207_021.JPG: "Fake News" A Global Crisis Politicians around the world call legitimate journalism that is critical to them "fake news." Some repressive regimes use it as an excuse to jail reporters -- undermining the role of the press and fanning mistrust of journalists. At the same time, false information deceptively presented as legitimate news and spread online has become a powerful and troubling force in the world. When terrorists killed more than 200 people in Sri Lanka, including worshipers at St. Anthony's Church, seen here, no Easter 2019, the government temporarily shut down access to Facebook, WhatsApp and YouTube, fearing misinformation would incite more violence. Critics said the move also closed down access to critical information. Philippines President Rodrigo Duterte has targeted Rappler, a news website critical of his policies and that he calls "fake news." Rappler founder and editor Maria Ressa, pictured here, has been arrested multiple times, accused of libel and tax evasion. The Russian foreign ministry website labels critical news stories by Western journalists "fake news." US investigations say Russia is the force behind the false news stories that spread during recent elections in the United States, Germany and France. Venezuela's Crushing Censorship Venezuela's independent press has been virtually wiped out under President Nicolas Madura, leaving coverage to state-controlled broadcasters and pro-government newspapers. In 2017, authorities shut down more than 40 radio stations. Starved of newsprint from a national shortage, the last independent daily, El Nacional, stopped printed at the end of 2018, and its website, like other Venezuelan online media, is often blocked. Journalists are routinely detained or arrested, their equipment seized and videos or photos erased. Six Univision journalists were detailed in 2019 after anchor Jorge Ramos, left, confronted President Nicolas Madura with footage of Venezuelans rummaging through garbage for something to eat. The video was confiscated and the journalists were deported.
7. WNEWS_191207_024.JPG: "Fake News" A Global Crisis Politicians around the world call legitimate journalism that is critical to them "fake news." Some repressive regimes use it as an excuse to jail reporters -- undermining the role of the press and fanning mistrust of journalists. At the same time, false information deceptively presented as legitimate news and spread online has become a powerful and troubling force in the world.
8. WNEWS_191207_026.JPG: When terrorists killed more than 200 people in Sri Lanka, including worshipers at St. Anthony's Church, seen here, on Easter 2019, the government temporarily shut down access to Facebook, WhatsApp and YouTube, fearing misinformation would incite more violence. Critics said the move also closed down access to critical information.
9. WNEWS_191207_027.JPG: Philippines President Rodrigo Duterte has targeted Rappler, a news website critical of his policies and that he calls "fake news." Rappler founder and editor Maria Ressa, pictured here, has been arrested multiple times, accused of libel and tax evasion.
10. WNEWS_191207_030.JPG: The Russian foreign ministry website labels critical news stories by Western journalists "fake news." US investigations say Russia is the force behind the false news stories that spread during recent elections in the United States, Germany and France.
11. WNEWS_191207_032.JPG: Venezuela's Crushing Censorship Venezuela's independent press has been virtually wiped out under President Nicolas Madura, leaving coverage to state-controlled broadcasters and pro-government newspapers. In 2017, authorities shut down more than 40 radio stations. Starved of newsprint from a national shortage, the last independent daily, El Nacional, stopped printed at the end of 2018, and its website, like other Venezuelan online media, is often blocked. Journalists are routinely detained or arrested, their equipment seized and videos or photos erased. Six Univision journalists were detailed in 2019 after anchor Jorge Ramos, left, confronted President Nicolas Madura with footage of Venezuelans rummaging through garbage for something to eat. The video was confiscated and the journalists were deported.
12. WNEWS_191207_036.JPG: Kidnapped in Syria American freelance journalist Austin Tice has been missing in Syria since August 2012. A former Marine captain who served in Iraq and Afghanistan, Tice covered the war in Syria for The Washington Post and McClatchy Newspapers. He disappeared days after celebrating his 31st birthday. A YouTube video posted wees later showed a blindfolded Tice being led away by armed men.
13. WNEWS_191207_039.JPG: Shortly before he disappeared in 2012, Austin Tice took this photo of 14-year-old Ali Katab, who was wounded in an attack by Syrian troops.
14. WNEWS_191207_044.JPG: Notebook and Case Austin Tice used this notebook during his first journalism job as a reporter for the University of Houston's Daily Cougar in 1997. He used the case to store his personal journals.
15. WNEWS_191207_046.JPG: Prayers for Tice This candle and flyer are from a 2014 prayer vigil held for kidnapped reporter Austin Tice in Houston, his hometown. Tice has been missing since 2012.
16. WNEWS_191207_049.JPG: Favorite Shoes These shoes are reporter Austin Tice's favorite footwear. Tice has been missing since he disappeared while reporting in Syria in 2012.
17. WNEWS_191207_058.JPG: A Fatal Attack on U.S. Soil In the United States, hostile rhetoric and attacks on the press turned fatal in 2018 when a gunman stormed an Annapolis, Md., newsroom, killing for Capital Gazette journalists and a sales assistant. Despite the protections of the First Amendment, press freedom in the United States is in crisis, says the Committee to Protect Journalists. President Donald J. Trump regularly criticizes the press in speeches and tweets, calling journalists the "enemy of the people" and news that is critical of him "fake news." Capital Gazette staffer Gerald Fischman, Rob Hiaasen, John McNamara, Rebecca Smith and Wendi Winters were shot to death in their Annapolis, Md., offices in June 2018. The accused gunman had attacked the newspaper on social media in response to a 2011 article published about him. Tracking Threats to a Free Press As reporters face increasing hostility, the Committee to Protect Journalists is monitoring physical and legal threats to journalists in the United States. In 2018, the U.S. Press Freedom Tracker reported five journalists were killed, 10 journalists were arrested, 42 were physically attacked and at least 15 were denied access to government briefings or public events. CPJ's Joel Simon worries that growing attacks on the U.S. press will legitimize anti-press attitudes around the world. President Donald J. Trump often targets the press in speeches and in his Twitter feed, which has nearly 60 million followers. At a 2018 White House press conference, an intern tried to take CNN reporter Jim Acosta's microphone after he questioned the president about the Russia investigation. The White House temporarily revoked his press pass and falsely accused him of striking the intern, presented doctored footage of the incident to make it look like he had hit her. An NBC affiliate found this document, pictured at right, in 2019 showing that the US government compiled secret files on reporters who covered the Central American migrant caravan. Al Jazeera freelancer Manuel Rapalo was one of the US journalists that border agents detained and searched.
18. WNEWS_191207_061.JPG: In the United States, hostile rhetoric and attacks on the press turned fatal in 2018 when a gunman stormed an Annapolis, Md., newsroom, killing for Capital Gazette journalists and a sales assistant. Despite the protections of the First Amendment, press freedom in the United States is in crisis, says the Committee to Protect Journalists. President Donald J. Trump regularly criticizes the press in speeches and tweets, calling journalists the "enemy of the people" and news that is critical of him "fake news." Capital Gazette staffer Gerald Fischman, Rob Hiaasen, John McNamara, Rebecca Smith and Wendi Winters were shot to death in their Annapolis, Md., offices in June 2018. The accused gunman had attacked the newspaper on social media in response to a 2011 article published about him.
19. WNEWS_191207_064.JPG: Tracking Threats to a Free Press As reporters face increasing hostility, the Committee to Protect Journalists is monitoring physical and legal threats to journalists in the United States. In 2018, the U.S. Press Freedom Tracker reported five journalists were killed, 10 journalists were arrested, 42 were physically attacked and at least 15 were denied access to government briefings or public events. CPJ's Joel Simon worries that growing attacks on the U.S. press will legitimize anti-press attitudes around the world.
20. WNEWS_191207_067.JPG: President Donald J. Trump often targets the press in speeches and in his Twitter feed, which has nearly 60 million followers.
21. WNEWS_191207_072.JPG: An NBC affiliate found this document, pictured at right, in 2019 showing that the US government compiled secret files on reporters who covered the Central American migrant caravan. Al Jazeera freelancer Manuel Rapalo was one of the US journalists that border agents detained and searched.
22. WNEWS_191207_076.JPG: At a 2018 White House press conference, an intern tried to take CNN reporter Jim Acosta's microphone after he questioned the president about the Russia investigation. The White House temporarily revoked his press pass and falsely accused him of striking the intern, presented doctored footage of the incident to make it look like he had hit her.
23. WNEWS_191207_078.JPG: Killed in Afghanistan National Public Radio photojournalist David Gilkey risked his life to cover dangerous stories, from fighting in Iraq, Afghanistan and Rwanda to the Ebola crisis in Liberia. In June 2016, he was traveling with an Afghan army convoy when Taliban militants opened fire. Gilkey and his NPR colleague, Afghan journalist Zabihullah Tamanna, were killed. Displayed here are items Gilkey carried on his assignments.
24. WNEWS_191207_086.JPG: Emmy Award Gilkey won this Emmy Award for a 2006 Detroit Free Press video series, "Michigan Marines: Band of Brothers," about Marines in Iraq and their families. Gilkey survived a rocket attack during the assignment. Mementos Gilkey exchanged NPR coins, above, with U.S. troops. He collected and wore silver bracelets. When he survived a dangerous situation, he would throw one into a body of water. He was wearing this bracelet and holding this artificial flower when he died.
25. WNEWS_191207_091.JPG: Camera Lens Gilkey's camera lens was struck in the crossfire while he was covering clashes between Palestinian demonstrators and Israeli soldiers in the West Bank in 2009.
26. WNEWS_191207_100.JPG: Press Passes Gilkey used these press passes during his career as a photojournalist for Knight Ridder, the Detroit Free Press and NPR. He was one of the first journalists to embed with U.S. troops in Iraq in 2003.
27. WNEWS_191207_105.JPG: Cap and Bag Gilkey wore this cap on his last assignment. For 20 years, he used this bag to carry notebooks, pens and phone cords. The bag bears a tag from a reporting trip he made to a South Sudan refugee camp months before he died.
28. WNEWS_191207_107.JPG: College Journal Gilkey kept this journal as a journalism student at Oregon State University in 1987 before taking an internship at the Boulder, Colo., Daily Camera. "I want so badly to be a photographer," he wrote. "It is the most important thing in my life right now."
29. WNEWS_191207_110.JPG: World Press Freedom A Map of Press Freedom: The map on the wall provides a snapshot of press freedom in 194 countries. The ratings are updated annually by Freedom House, an independent private organization that monitors how free the flow of news and information is in each country. Full reports are available at freedomhouse.org What Do the Colors on the Map Mean? Each country's press freedom score is determined by assessing the political, legal and economic climate in which the country's news media functions. Scores range from 0 (best) to 100 (worst). Free: Countries scoring 0 to 30 are free (green). Partly Free: Countries scoring 31 to 60 are partly free (yellow). Not Free: Countries scoring 1 to 100 are not free (red).
30. WNEWS_191207_116.JPG: Best for Press Freedom: Norway Why the Norwegian press is the most free in the world: Norway is one of the most democratic and least corrupt nations in the world, says Freedom House. The country's constitutional guarantees of press freedom are consistently upheld. The media express a variety of opinions, and internet access is widely available and unrestricted. Norway's Fact-Checker To combat fake news, Daghladet and VG, two of Norway's leading newspapers, teamed up with public broadcaster NRK to launch the fact-checking website Faktist in 2017. By March 2019, the site was one of Norway's most popular sources for news. Faktist is considering using artificial intelligence, like IBM's Watson, to fact-check fake news faster. Norway has the most people willing to pay for online news, and a smartphone is the No. 1 way Norwegians get their news, according to the 2018 Reuters Institute Digital News Report. No More FM Norway became the first country to switch its national stations from FM to digital radio in 2017 and plans to shut down all FM networks by 2022. But local stations, which mostly broadcast on FM, say the cost of making the switch will put them out of business. Teams travel around Norway in radiobilene ("radio cars") to educate people about the country's ongoing transition to digital radio.
31. WNEWS_191207_119.JPG: Best for Press Freedom: Norway Why the Norwegian press is the most free in the world: Norway is one of the most democratic and least corrupt nations in the world, says Freedom House. The country's constitutional guarantees of press freedom are consistently upheld. The media express a variety of opinions, and internet access is widely available and unrestricted. Norway's Fact-Checker To combat fake news, Daghladet and VG, two of Norway's leading newspapers, teamed up with public broadcaster NRK to launch the fact-checking website Faktist in 2017. By March 2019, the site was one of Norway's most popular sources for news.
32. WNEWS_191207_125.JPG: Faktist is considering using artificial intelligence, like IBM's Watson, to fact-check fake news faster.
33. WNEWS_191207_127.JPG: Norway has the most people willing to pay for online news, and a smartphone is the No. 1 way Norwegians get their news, according to the 2018 Reuters Institute Digital News Report.
34. WNEWS_191207_130.JPG: No More FM Norway became the first country to switch its national stations from FM to digital radio in 2017 and plans to shut down all FM networks by 2022. But local stations, which mostly broadcast on FM, say the cost of making the switch will put them out of business.
35. WNEWS_191207_133.JPG: Teams travel around Norway in radiobilene ("radio cars") to educate people about the country's ongoing transition to digital radio.
36. WNEWS_191207_136.JPG: Worst for Press Freedom: North Korea Why North Korea is the Least Free in the World: North Korea is home to the world's most repressive regime. North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un tightly controls the press along with internet access and content. North Koreans caught accessing foreign media are sent to concentration camps, says Reporters Without Borders. At the 2019 summit in Vietnam with President Donald Trump, North Korean leader Kim Jung-Un stunned the world by answering a question from a foreign journalist. Asked if he felt confident about the negotiations, Kim replied, "It's too early to tell." The negotiations failed. Detained and Interrogated: Foreign journalists are often harassed and intimidated when reporting in North Korea. In May 2015, North Korean officials accused BBC correspondent Rupert Wingfield-Hayes of publishing articles critical of the regime and interrogated him for 10 hours. He was forced to write a formal apology before he was expelled from the country. A Propaganda Machine North Korea's media is a propaganda tool for the regime. At nuclear summits in Singapore and Vietnam in 2018 and 2019, the North Korean press was deployed to shadow Kim Jong Un and portray his as a strong leader on an international stage. Kim's younger sister, Kim Yo Jong, a vice-director of propaganda, manages his carefully controlled public image.
37. WNEWS_191207_139.JPG: At the 2019 summit in Vietnam with President Donald Trump, North Korean leader Kim Jung Un stunned the world by answering a question from a foreign journalist. Asked if he felt confident about the negotiations, Kim replied, "It's too early to tell." The negotiations failed.
38. WNEWS_191207_149.JPG: Detained and Interrogated: Foreign journalists are often harassed and intimidated when reporting in North Korea. In May 2015, North Korean officials accused BBC correspondent Rupert Wingfield-Hayes of publishing articles critical of the regime and interrogated him for 10 hours. He was forced to write a formal apology before he was expelled from the country.
39. WNEWS_191207_152.JPG: A Propaganda Machine North Korea's media is a propaganda tool for the regime. At nuclear summits in Singapore and Vietnam in 2018 and 2019, the North Korean press was deployed to shadow Kim Jong Un and portray his as a strong leader on an international stage. Kim's younger sister, Kim Yo Jong, a vice-director of propaganda, manages his carefully controlled public image.
40. WNEWS_191207_158.JPG: Why in the World? Frequently Asked Questions Sometimes, the press freedom ratings of countries on the map surprise people or cause disagreement. Here are some frequently asked questions about the map.
41. WNEWS_191207_161.JPG: What does Freedom House say about news media in the United States? The United States "has a free, diverse and constitutionally protected press," thanks to the First Amendment, says Freedom House. But more news outlets are aggressively partisan in their coverage of political affairs, and the financial decline of long-established media organizations has diminished coverage of local news.
42. WNEWS_191207_164.JPG: Why are there so few countries in Africa with a "free" rating? Three island nations are the only countries in Africa whose press is free. Press freedom in top performers such as South Africa and Ghana has declined in recent years, while repression has increased in more authoritarian countries, including Cameroon and Egypt.
43. WNEWS_191207_167.JPG: Why is Italy's press only "partly free"? Political influence on the media remains a serious challenge in Italy, says Freedom House, citing close relationships between news outlets and politicians, including former Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi, who owns Italy's largest broadcast company.
44. WNEWS_191207_172.JPG: How many countries are shown on the map? The map shows 194 countries: the 193 member states of the United Nations, plus Taiwan. Also identified on the map are Greenland (a self-governing dependency of Denmark) and French Guiana (a possession of France). The kiosks to your right also include information about the state of press freedom in five territories rated by Freedom House: Crimea, Hong Kong, Kosovo, Somaliland and the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
45. WNEWS_191207_175.JPG: Why can't I find Tibet on the map? Tibet has been governed by China since 1951. Chinese officials tightly control the news media in Tibet, which is covered under China's "not free" rating. Many Tibetans resent Chinese rule. The Dalai Lama, who fled Tibet more than 50 years ago after a failed uprising against the Chinese, remains its spiritual leader in exile.
46. WNEWS_191207_182.JPG: The World Has Changed Press Freedom Changes The Newseum's world press freedom map has been updated to reflect the latest ratings from Freedom House. Around the world, the limited access to a free press is driven by unprecedented threats to the media in major democracies and crackdowns on independent journalists by authoritarian regimes. Fewer than one in seven people live in a country where the press is free. Here are the changes and the reasons the ratings improved or declined, according to Freedom House. This information is based on the state of press freedom in 2018. The Good News Ecuador -- Not Free --> Partly Free * A new president is more supportive of media independence. * Legal reforms in 2018 eliminated the government's repressive media regulator, the Supercom. The Bad News Slovakia -- Free --> Partly Free * Several public broadcast journalists were replaced with those deemed more sympathetic to the ruling coalition government. * A journalist investigating ties between the government and organized crime was murdered in 2018. Tonga -- Free --> Partly Free * Hostile rhetoric against journalists increased. * The state-run public broadcaster faced more political interference, including a series of leadership changes in 2017. Tanzania -- Partly Free --> Not Free * An investigative journalist disappeared in 2017, and two media activists researching Tanzania's press freedom were detailed a year later. * New regulations in 2018 imposed hefty registration fees on online media. * A newspaper was suspended from publishing for a week after allegedly printing false information.
47. WNEWS_191207_185.JPG: The World Has Changed Press Freedom Changes The Newseum's world press freedom map has been updated to reflect the latest ratings from Freedom House. Around the world, the limited access to a free press is driven by unprecedented threats to the media in major democracies and crackdowns on independent journalists by authoritarian regimes.
48. WNEWS_191207_187.JPG: The Good News Ecuador -- Not Free --> Partly Free * A new president is more supportive of media independence. * Legal reforms in 2018 eliminated the government's repressive media regulator, the Supercom.
49. WNEWS_191207_193.JPG: The Bad News Slovakia -- Free --> Partly Free * Several public broadcast journalists were replaced with those deemed more sympathetic to the ruling coalition government. * A journalist investigating ties between the government and organized crime was murdered in 2018. Tonga -- Free --> Partly Free * Hostile rhetoric against journalists increased. * The state-run public broadcaster faced more political interference, including a series of leadership changes in 2017. Tanzania -- Partly Free --> Not Free * An investigative journalist disappeared in 2017, and two media activists researching Tanzania's press freedom were detailed a year later. * New regulations in 2018 imposed hefty registration fees on online media. * A newspaper was suspended from publishing for a week after allegedly printing false information.
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2019 photos: Overnight trips this year: (May, August, October, December) Four trips to New York City (including the United Nations, Flushing, and the New York Comic-Con), (July) My 14th consecutive San Diego Comic-Con (including sites in Utah). (August) Massachusetts (Boston, Stockbridge, and Springfield) to experie/nce rain in another state, and (August) Asheville, NC to visit Dad and his wife Dixie. Equipment this year: I continued to use my Fuji XS-1 cameras but, depending on the event, I also used a Nikon D7000. Number of photos taken this year: about 582,000.
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