BGuthrie Photos: DC -- Natl Museum of American History -- Exhibit: Art in Industry

DC -- Natl Museum of American History -- Exhibit: Art in Industry:

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Description of Pictures: Art in Industry
March 22, 2018 – TBA
Art in Industry looks back at a time when Americans embraced artistic skills as a way to build a consumer-oriented industrial economy. This display features artistic industries as varied as publishing and pottery from the 1830s to the 1930s through three lenses: learning, working, and selling. Examining movements including the Arts and Crafts Movement and industrial design, the display showcases objects such as an 1894 ornate cash register, electric toasters, pocket watches, cameras, and ceramics, including vases and tableware. Also on view are a copy of the first American drawing manual and other educational materials, engraving tools, and drawing instruments.

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Copyrights: All pictures were taken by amateur photographer Bruce Guthrie (me!) who retains copyright on them. Free for non-commercial use with attribution. See the [Creative Commons] definition of what this means. "Photos (c) Bruce Guthrie" is fine for attribution. (Commercial use folks including AI scrapers can of course contact me.) Feel free to use in publications and pages with attribution but you don't have permission to sell the photos themselves. A free copy of any printed publication using any photographs is requested. Descriptive text, if any, is from a mixture of sources, quite frequently from signs at the location or from official web sites; copyrights, if any, are retained by their original owners.

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. AININD_180609_007.JPG: "The success of our industry now depends on the union of the artisan with the artist." -- Every Saturday: An Illustrated Weekly Journal, 1871
2. AININD_180609_010.JPG: Art in Industry
3. AININD_180609_011.JPG: Learning In the mid-1800s, demand for artists grew a new printing technologies made it possible to mass-produce profusely illustrated books, newspapers, and magazines, as well as decorative prints. Recognizing an opportunity, many Americans taught themselves or their children to draw. Public schools began to offer drawing classes, while philanthropists and business leaders opened design schools to teach drawing and other newly marketable artistic skills.
4. AININD_180609_014.JPG: Industrial Art Desk In an era that emphasized self-improvement, adults and children honed artistic skills at home with products such as the Chautauqua Industrial Art Desk, introduced in the late 1800s. This desk dates from the early 1900s.
5. AININD_180609_019.JPG: Drawing Book John Gadsby Chapman's The American Drawing-Book, first published in 1847, emphasized drawing as a practical skill that people could teach themselves at home. This edition was published in 1864.
6. AININD_180609_023.JPG: Art Education Applied to Industry Published in 1877, George Ward Nichols's Art Education Applied to Industry advocated practical art education for American children, workers, and employers to make the country's industrial products appealing in markets around the world.
7. AININD_180609_026.JPG: Pyramids & Cubes Geometrical forms and arithmetical solids such as these manufactured in 1859, helped schools teach students how to draw perspective.
8. AININD_180609_031.JPG: Lamp Gas table lamp, early 1900s
9. AININD_180609_036.JPG: Art in Industry Between the mid-1800s and the mid-1900s, art and design played an increasingly important role in industry and manufacturing in an economy driven by middle-class consumers.
10. AININD_180609_040.JPG: Electric Hand Mixer Rival Manufacturing Company, Kansas City, Missouri, 1938-1955
11. AININD_180609_043.JPG: Glass Vase Tiffany Glass & Decorating Company Cream Pitcher & Sugar Bowl Chase Brass and Copper Company
12. AININD_180609_050.JPG: Take a closer look Notice the gazelle on the Hotpoint tilt-out toaster, so typical of Art Deco styling popular in the 1930s that combined graphical and geometric forms. Advertisements for the toaster attested to its functionality, but -- importantly -- proclaimed it the company's "most beautifully designed toaster in over twenty-six years of electric appliance leaders."
13. AININD_180609_051.JPG: Soup & Sugar Bowls American Modern dinnerware, Steubenville Pottery Bowl Grueby Faience Company, Boston, around 1887
14. AININD_180609_052.JPG: Electric toaster Knapp-Monarch Co., St. Louis, around 1941 Electric toaster Hotpoint Edison General, Electric Appliance Company, Chicago, around 1932 Toastmaster electric toaster McGraw Electric Co., Minneapolis, 1935-1936
15. AININD_180609_054.JPG: Electric toaster Hotpoint Edison General, Electric Appliance Company, Chicago, around 1932
16. AININD_180609_057.JPG: Electric toaster Knapp-Monarch Co., St. Louis, around 1941 Toastmaster electric toaster McGraw Electric Co., Minneapolis, 1935-1936
17. AININD_180609_062.JPG: Cash Register, 1894
18. AININD_180609_067.JPG: Vase University City Pottery, University City, Missouri, 1913 Vase Wellery Pottery, Zanesville, Ohio, about 1900-1915 Vase Rookwood Pottery Company, Cincinnati, 1885
19. AININD_180609_070.JPG: Safety razor Gillette, 1935 Single-blade razors Late 1800s Watch Benedict & Burnham Manufacturing Company, Waterbury, Connecticut, around 1879 Watch American Waltham Watch Co., Around 1893
20. AININD_180609_077.JPG: Selling In the midst of ongoing industrialization, the nation underwent an aesthetic revolution. Middle-class consumers came to appreciate that mass-produced objects of everyday life could be both functional and visually pleasing. In a shopping environment catering to consumer choice, industries and manufacturers of all sorts depended on art and design to make their products stand out.
21. AININD_180609_082.JPG: Glass jar Tiffany Glass & Decorating Company, Queens, New York, 1893-1896
22. AININD_180609_084.JPG: Single-blade razors Late 1800s
23. AININD_180609_086.JPG: (top row) Beau Brownie camera Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, New York, mid-1900s Camera from Century of Progress Exposition Chicago, 1933 (bottom row) Petite camera Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, New York, 1935 Bantam camera Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, New York, mid-1900s
24. AININD_180609_089.JPG: Hanging Lamp Lamps similar to this one lighted industrial settings, including publishing and printing shops.
25. AININD_180609_093.JPG: Working The booming publishing industry was one of the first fields to employ on a large scale those with artistic training. Like workers in other industries, they found themselves in settings where work was segmented, assembly-line style, and individual tasks were specialized and repetitive. But they saw themselves contributing to the nation's economic grown, and the work they produced fed a growing aesthetic sense among middle-class consumers. The printing industry offered new opportunities, especially for white middle-class women with artistic training. Tools such as these, from 1889, were used for engraving printing plates to mass-produce illustrations. Other industries besides printing employed people with artistic skill. Industrial mills used drawing instruments to create technical drawings.
26. AININD_180609_094.JPG: Engraving Tools
27. AININD_180609_098.JPG: Printing press The Pony printing press, built specifically for the New York Sun newspaper, could print 6,000 impressions per hour. Richard March Hoe submitted this model to patent the press in 1842.
28. AININD_180609_100.JPG: Factory Clock As in other industries, workdays in publishing were increasingly regimented, controlled by the clock. Factory workers punched in and out of their shifts on time clocks like this one from around 1914.
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2018 photos: Equipment this year: I continued to use my Fuji XS-1 cameras but, depending on the event, I also used a Nikon D7000. Trips this year: Civil War Trust conferences in Greenville, NC, Newport News, VA, and my farewell event with them in Chicago, IL (via sites in Louisville, KY, St. Louis, MO, and Toledo, OH), three trips to New York City (including New York Comic-Con), and my 13th consecutive trip to San Diego Comic-Con (including sites in Reno, Sacramento, San Francisco, and Los Angeles). Number of photos taken this year: about 535,000.
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