BGuthrie Photos: VA -- National Airport (DCA) -- Exhibit: The National Mall: Stage For Our Democracy

VA -- National Airport (DCA) -- Exhibit: The National Mall: Stage For Our Democracy:

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[1] DCAMAL_170423_001.JPG	[2] DCAMAL_170423_005.JPG	[3] DCAMAL_170423_009.JPG
[4] DCAMAL_170423_012.JPG	[5] DCAMAL_170423_018.JPG	[6] DCAMAL_170423_019.JPG
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[25] DCAMAL_170423_089.JPG	[26] DCAMAL_170423_092.JPG	[27] DCAMAL_170423_095.JPG
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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. DCAMAL_170423_001.JPG: Stage for Democracy National Mall Coalition The National Mall: Stage for Democracy When You Set Foot On The National Mall, The Founding Fathers Speak To You. When you set foot on the National Mall, the Founding Fathers speak to you. From their marble monuments, and across the centuries, they tell of the ideals that gave birth to our government "of the people, by the people, for the people..." Whether you are here to celebrate, petition, relax in the beautiful setting, or to reflect, you are part of a long tradition of our democracy in action. 1st Century Mall In 1791, President George Washington chose Pierre (Peter) L'Enfant -- soldier, architect and engineer -- to plan the new capital. The Mall was to be the symbolic heart of the city and the newly founded nation. L'Enfant called the Mall "public walks" and a "place of general resort" lined by theaters, academies, foreign chanceries, and "all such sort of places as may be attractive to the learned and afford diversion..." By the mid-nineteenth century, you could have explored the new Smithsonian "Castle," marveled at animals in the zoo, and meandered through paths of romantic gardens on the Mall. During the Civil War, you could have chatted with soldiers encamped there. Later, you might have even boarded a train for Richmond or Baltimore. But there were serious problems. Where L'Enfant saw a grand public space with promenades along refreshing pools, the Mall had instead become fragmented by chaotic, congested development. Industrial smoke was belching in the shadow of the Capitol. Unhealthy, malarial marshes stretched beyond the Washington Monument. Meanwhile, the capital city was growing dramatically, as was the nation. Sites were needed for new memorials, public buildings, and parkland. 2nd Century Mall In 1901 Congress established the McMillan Commission to renew L'Enfant's vision. The McMillan Plan proposed a great formal public park in the spirit of Versailles and the Tuileries in Paris. It more than doubled the size of the Mall to the west and south on landfill dredged from the Potomac by the Army Corps of Engineers, giving us the Tidal Basin and sites for the Lincoln and Jefferson Memorials, as well as an expanded plan for the future of the Mall. The McMillan Plan guided development for over seventy years. The clutter east of the Washington Monument gave way to the open green promenade lined with Smithsonian museums and the National Gallery of Art. With the removal of World War I and II "temporary" buildings along the Lincoln Memorial's Reflecting Pool in the early 1970s, the majestic Mall finally emerged as America's premier civic public space. But the National Mall developed as more than a public open space. It became a great stage for expression of our democratic ideals. In 1894, for the first time, ordinary citizens organized a "march on Washington" to petition their elected leaders directly. "Coxey's Army" of unemployed workers converged on the Capitol seeking relief from a severe economic depression. In 1913, the Suffragists' demand for women's rights proved that Washington demonstrations could be dramatic, dignified, and effective. Nineteen years later, "Bonus March" veterans called on Congress to honor its promise of a bonus for their service in World War I. The Mall also became the nation's world-renowned site for declaring and demonstrating that all Americans are entitled to equal rights. In 1939 African-American opera singer Marian Anderson, denied access to Constitution Hall because of her race, sang "My Country, 'Tis Of Thee" on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. A quarter century later, on those same steps, Martin Luther King Jr. proclaimed, "I have a dream...," invoking the words of the Founders enshrined nearby. The Mall had become democracy's stage. Millions of Americans come each year to protest, petition, honor, as well as to celebrate and enjoy our nation's heritage. The world has seen: glorious July 4th fireworks, the Farmers' Protest, the AIDS Quilt, anti-war demonstrations, a grand Bicentennial celebration, the Million Man March, Annual Folklife and Kite Festivals, Presidential Inaugurations, Memorial Day concerts, and more. Toward the end of the 20th century, the Vietnam Veterans Memorial triggered a new era of memorial building: the Korean War Veterans Memorial, the FDR Memorial, the World War II Memorial, and the Martin Luther King Memorial. These memorials put more pressure on the Mall's symbolic, but shrinking, open space. In 2003, Congress imposed a moratorium on future memorials and visitors centers declaring the Mall "a substantially completed work of civic art." But Congress has already authorized additional structures. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial Visitor Center and the Museum of African-American History and Culture. The moratorium is a promise that will be very difficult to keep. There can be no moratorium on history. Future generations will want their place "on the Mall". What, then, is the future of the National Mall? The National Mall Coalition, a nonprofit organization dedicated to advancing the National Mall legacy through public policy and innovative ideas, believes that history holds the answer. The time has come for the Mall to expand again, as it did with the McMillan Plan a century ago, to provide space for the full expression of our evolving democracy. The next major memorial or museum could launch this new expansion ... a grand 3RD CENTURY MALL THE 3RD CENTURY MALL can include a multi-purpose parking garage and visitors center beneath the Mall's grassy open space. During heavy rains, buses and cars would be removed to allow stormwater to collect here thus protecting our national museums and public buildings from flooding. Learn more about the National Mall Underground project and other innovative ideas at nationalmallcoalition.org For more information about National Mall history and the 3rd Century Mall concept, visit us online at www.nationalmallcoalition.com National Mall Coalition Advancing the Legacy of the National Mall Through Public Policy and Innovative Ideas www.nationalmallcoalition.org
2. DCAMAL_170423_012.JPG: Designing the Mall
3. DCAMAL_170423_018.JPG: Design with Nature
4. DCAMAL_170423_019.JPG: Nature Held at Bay
5. DCAMAL_170423_028.JPG: 1st Century: 1791 L'Enfant Plan
6. DCAMAL_170423_031.JPG: Washington's "Planning Constitution"
7. DCAMAL_170423_035.JPG: The Planning Constitution Ignored
8. DCAMAL_170423_051.JPG: The National Mall: Stage for Our Democracy
9. DCAMAL_170423_057.JPG: 2nd Century: 1901 McMillan Plan
10. DCAMAL_170423_059.JPG: L'Enfant's Unified Design Restored & Reinvented
11. DCAMAL_170423_063.JPG: An Unfinished Vision
12. DCAMAL_170423_081.JPG: We Americans Have a Stage
13. DCAMAL_170423_087.JPG: 1920s: Skating on the Reflecting Pool
14. DCAMAL_170423_089.JPG: Made the Mall For Our Democracy
15. DCAMAL_170423_092.JPG: October 1996: AIDS Memorial Quilt
16. DCAMAL_170423_095.JPG: 2009: Pre-Inaugural Celebration
17. DCAMAL_170423_101.JPG: Enhance Public Use
18. DCAMAL_170423_104.JPG: Create Civic Spaces That Support Broad Public Use
19. DCAMAL_170423_112.JPG: Tell the Unfolding American Story
20. DCAMAL_170423_123.JPG: 3rd Century: Grow the Mall!
21. DCAMAL_170423_126.JPG: Expand to Tell the Ongoing American Story
22. DCAMAL_170423_129.JPG: Reconnect Washington
23. DCAMAL_170423_139.JPG: Restore the Ecological Balance
24. DCAMAL_170423_142.JPG: A Comprehensive Flood Plan
25. DCAMAL_170423_146.JPG: Potomac River flooding in the 1980s inundated most of East Potomac Park near the Jefferson Memorial (red arrow).
26. DCAMAL_170423_149.JPG: June 2006 Flood
27. DCAMAL_170423_154.JPG: An Underground Proposal
28. DCAMAL_170423_173.JPG: The National Mall: Stage for Democracy When You Set Foot On The National Mall, The Founding Fathers Speak To You. When you set foot on the National Mall, the Founding Fathers speak to you. From their marble monuments, and across the centuries, they tell of the ideals that gave birth to our government "of the people, by the people, for the people..." Whether you are here to celebrate, petition, relax in the beautiful setting, or to reflect, you are part of a long tradition of our democracy in action. 1st Century Mall In 1791, President George Washington chose Pierre (Peter) L'Enfant -- soldier, architect and engineer -- to plan the new capital. The Mall was to be the symbolic heart of the city and the newly founded nation. L'Enfant called the Mall "public walks" and a "place of general resort" lined by theaters, academies, foreign chanceries, and "all such sort of places as may be attractive to the learned and afford diversion..." By the mid-nineteenth century, you could have explored the new Smithsonian "Castle," marveled at animals in the zoo, and meandered through paths of romantic gardens on the Mall. During the Civil War, you could have chatted with soldiers encamped there. Later, you might have even boarded a train for Richmond or Baltimore. But there were serious problems. Where L'Enfant saw a grand public space with promenades along refreshing pools, the Mall had instead become fragmented by chaotic, congested development. Industrial smoke was belching in the shadow of the Capitol. Unhealthy, malarial marshes stretched beyond the Washington Monument. Meanwhile, the capital city was growing dramatically, as was the nation. Sites were needed for new memorials, public buildings, and parkland. 2nd Century Mall In 1901 Congress established the McMillan Commission to renew L'Enfant's vision. The McMillan Plan proposed a great formal public park in the spirit of Versailles and the Tuileries in Paris. It more than doubled the size of the Mall to the west and south on landfill dredged from the Potomac by the Army Corps of Engineers, giving us the Tidal Basin and sites for the Lincoln and Jefferson Memorials, as well as an expanded plan for the future of the Mall. The McMillan Plan guided development for over seventy years. The clutter east of the Washington Monument gave way to the open green promenade lined with Smithsonian museums and the National Gallery of Art. With the removal of World War I and II "temporary" buildings along the Lincoln Memorial's Reflecting Pool in the early 1970s, the majestic Mall finally emerged as America's premier civic public space. But the National Mall developed as more than a public open space. It became a great stage for expression of our democratic ideals. In 1894, for the first time, ordinary citizens organized a "march on Washington" to petition their elected leaders directly. "Coxey's Army" of unemployed workers converged on the Capitol seeking relief from a severe economic depression. In 1913, the Suffragists' demand for women's rights proved that Washington demonstrations could be dramatic, dignified, and effective. Nineteen years later, "Bonus March" veterans called on Congress to honor its promise of a bonus for their service in World War I. The Mall also became the nation's world-renowned site for declaring and demonstrating that all Americans are entitled to equal rights. In 1939 African-American opera singer Marian Anderson, denied access to Constitution Hall because of her race, sang "My Country, 'Tis Of Thee" on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. A quarter century later, on those same steps, Martin Luther King Jr. proclaimed, "I have a dream...," invoking the words of the Founders enshrined nearby. The Mall had become democracy's stage. Millions of Americans come each year to protest, petition, honor, as well as to celebrate and enjoy our nation's heritage. The world has seen: glorious July 4th fireworks, the Farmers' Protest, the AIDS Quilt, anti-war demonstrations, a grand Bicentennial celebration, the Million Man March, Annual Folklife and Kite Festivals, Presidential Inaugurations, Memorial Day concerts, and more. Toward the end of the 20th century, the Vietnam Veterans Memorial triggered a new era of memorial building: the Korean War Veterans Memorial, the FDR Memorial, the World War II Memorial, and the Martin Luther King Memorial. These memorials put more pressure on the Mall's symbolic, but shrinking, open space. In 2003, Congress imposed a moratorium on future memorials and visitors centers declaring the Mall "a substantially completed work of civic art." But Congress has already authorized additional structures. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial Visitor Center and the Museum of African-American History and Culture. The moratorium is a promise that will be very difficult to keep. There can be no moratorium on history. Future generations will want their place "on the Mall". What, then, is the future of the National Mall? The National Mall Coalition, a nonprofit organization dedicated to advancing the National Mall legacy through public policy and innovative ideas, believes that history holds the answer. The time has come for the Mall to expand again, as it did with the McMillan Plan a century ago, to provide space for the full expression of our evolving democracy. The next major memorial or museum could launch this new expansion ... a grand 3RD CENTURY MALL THE 3RD CENTURY MALL can include a multi-purpose parking garage and visitors center beneath the Mall's grassy open space. During heavy rains, buses and cars would be removed to allow stormwater to collect here thus protecting our national museums and public buildings from flooding. Learn more about the National Mall Underground project and other innovative ideas at nationalmallcoalition.org For more information about National Mall history and the 3rd Century Mall concept, visit us online at www.nationalmallcoalition.com National Mall Coalition Advancing the Legacy of the National Mall Through Public Policy and Innovative Ideas www.nationalmallcoalition.org
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