BGuthrie Photos: DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (4) First Amendment Gallery

DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (4) First Amendment Gallery:

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Copyrights: All pictures were taken by amateur photographer Bruce Guthrie (me!) who retains copyright on them. Free for non-commercial use with attribution. See the [Creative Commons] definition of what this means. "Photos (c) Bruce Guthrie" is fine for attribution. (Commercial use folks including AI scrapers can of course contact me.) Feel free to use in publications and pages with attribution but you don't have permission to sell the photos themselves. A free copy of any printed publication using any photographs is requested. Descriptive text, if any, is from a mixture of sources, quite frequently from signs at the location or from official web sites; copyrights, if any, are retained by their original owners.

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. NEWS1A_171001_005.JPG: First Amendment
2. NEWS1A_171001_008.JPG: Forty-Five Words of Freedom
3. NEWS1A_171001_011.JPG: Freedom of Religion
4. NEWS1A_171001_013.JPG: Modern Issues
5. NEWS1A_171001_017.JPG: Religious Apparel in Military
6. NEWS1A_171001_023.JPG: Pivotal Points
7. NEWS1A_171001_028.JPG: Judging Jehovah's Witnesses: Vigilantes attack a Jehovah's Witness meeting in Illinois in the early 1940s.
8. NEWS1A_171001_032.JPG: This portable phonograph and these records were used by Jehovah's Witnesses to spread their message.
9. NEWS1A_171001_036.JPG: Origins
10. NEWS1A_171001_038.JPG: Roger Williams's Experiment: Roger Williams is greeted by American Indians as he lands on the shore to present-day Rhode Island after being banished from Massachusetts in 1635 for advocating religious liberty for all.
11. NEWS1A_171001_040.JPG: Roger Williams created an experiment in religious freedom in Rhode Island
12. NEWS1A_171001_044.JPG: Charter of Freedom: The charter protecting freedom of religion was granted to Rhode Island on July 8, 1663, by King Charles II.
13. NEWS1A_171001_045.JPG: Freedom of Speech
14. NEWS1A_171001_049.JPG: Modern Issues
15. NEWS1A_171001_051.JPG: Movie Censorship
16. NEWS1A_171001_052.JPG: Policing Comics: Gory comic books such as this 1950 issue of "The Crypt of Terror" horrified many parents and educators and fueled support for the Comics Code Authority, a self-censorship board established by comic-book publishers. The panel was created to avoid government monitoring after psychiatrist Frederic Wertham wrote a book asserting that comic books contributed to juvenile delinquency.
17. NEWS1A_171001_054.JPG: Video Violence
18. NEWS1A_171001_056.JPG: Clean or Obscene: Complaints that raunchy lyrics could be heard in the Kingsmen's 1963 hit song "Louie Louie" when the record was played at slow speed led to calls for censorship and an FBI investigation, which finally concluded that the lyrics were "unintelligible at any speed."
19. NEWS1A_171001_059.JPG: Music Makeover
20. NEWS1A_171001_061.JPG: Ejected from the Capitol
21. NEWS1A_171001_066.JPG: Pivotal Points
22. NEWS1A_171001_068.JPG: Protecting Student Speech: Mary Beth Tinker and her brother John were suspended from school for wearing protest armbands, leading to a landmark Supreme Court decision on free speech and expression.
23. NEWS1A_171001_071.JPG: This armband was worn by 13-year-old Mary Beth Tinker in 1965 to protest the Vietnam War, resulting in her suspension from school. It is pinned into a notebook she used for a school report.
24. NEWS1A_171001_075.JPG: Postcards sent to the Tinker family in the wake of the school protest
25. NEWS1A_171001_077.JPG: Ruling in the Tinker case, the Supreme Court upheld the right of students to express political opinions in school.
26. NEWS1A_171001_081.JPG: Origins
27. NEWS1A_171001_085.JPG: Free Speech in Wartime: Soldiers search for "slackers," the World War I slang term for draft dodgers, by asking civilians to show their draft registration cards.
28. NEWS1A_171001_086.JPG: This leaflet opposing the World War I military draft was distributed by Charles Schenck.
29. NEWS1A_171001_088.JPG: This is the type of draft registration card that civilians were required to carry in World War I.
30. NEWS1A_171001_090.JPG: "Clear and Present Danger": The Supreme Court ruled in 1919 that sending written material to draftees urging them to resist the draft was unlawful because it created a "clear and present danger" to national security. U.S. Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.
31. NEWS1A_171001_092.JPG: Freedom of the Press
32. NEWS1A_171001_098.JPG: Modern Issues
33. NEWS1A_171001_099.JPG: Apple Sues Web Site
34. NEWS1A_171001_102.JPG: Apple charged that these online articles revealed details about its products before they were released to the public.
35. NEWS1A_171001_105.JPG: An Apple wireless keyboard used by Nicholas Ciarelli to write Think Secret, his online publication.
36. NEWS1A_171001_109.JPG: Garrett M. Graff
37. NEWS1A_171001_111.JPG: Notebook used by Garrett Graff at his first White House briefing on March 7, 2005.
38. NEWS1A_171001_113.JPG: First White House Blogger: In 2005, Garrett M. Graff, a 23-year-old who wrote Fishbowl DC, a gossip blog about Washington news media, became the first blogger to get a White House press pass and access.
39. NEWS1A_171001_118.JPG: Pivotal Points
40. NEWS1A_171001_119.JPG: Landmark Press Freedom Case: The Sullivan case involved this ad in the March 29, 1960, New York Times urging support for civil rights activists in the South. A reference in the ad to police brutality against protesters in Montgomery, Ala., prompted city commissioner K.B. Sullivan to sue the Times for libel.
41. NEWS1A_171001_121.JPG: Pentagon Papers Controversy
42. NEWS1A_171001_124.JPG: Part of a statement that New York Times publisher Arthur Ochs Sulzberger carried with him and planned to make if reporter Neil Sheehan was indicted for his role in obtaining the Pentagon Papers. Sheehan was not indicted.
43. NEWS1A_171001_131.JPG: Origins
44. NEWS1A_171001_133.JPG: First Newspaper Scandal: This story in Publick Occurrences, saying that the King of France "tried to lie with the [his] Sons Wife," led Colonial authorities to shut down North America's first newspaper (left). King Louis XIV of France, the subject of a scandal story in Publick Occurrences accusing him of having an affair with his daughter-in-law.
45. NEWS1A_171001_135.JPG: First Anti-Press Law
46. NEWS1A_171001_137.JPG: This 1798 book published acts of Congress, including the Sedition Act, which made it a crime to "write, print, utter or publish... any false, scandalous and malicious writing" against the government.
47. NEWS1A_171001_139.JPG: Freedom of Assembly
48. NEWS1A_171001_143.JPG: Modern Issues
49. NEWS1A_171001_145.JPG: Protest in Seattle: Police clash with demonstrators at the World Trade Organization meeting in Seattle in 1999. Authorities used no-protest zones to keep demonstrators away from the site. This protest T-shirt was worn at the World Trade Organization meeting in Seattle in 1999.
50. NEWS1A_171001_147.JPG: Campus Confinement
51. NEWS1A_171001_149.JPG: Free-Speech Zone
52. NEWS1A_171001_159.JPG: Pivotal Points
53. NEWS1A_171001_160.JPG: KKK's Right to Protest: The white supremacist group Ku Klux Klan marched on Washington in 1925 in a procession that took more than three hours to pass. It was said to be the greatest unmasked demonstration ever staged by the group.
54. NEWS1A_171001_161.JPG: Civil Rights March
55. NEWS1A_171001_163.JPG: Marching in Memphis
56. NEWS1A_171001_164.JPG: Button Brigade: Protest buttons worn in anti-war demonstrations around the country during the Vietnam War era.
57. NEWS1A_171001_166.JPG: Opposing Views
58. NEWS1A_171001_168.JPG: A Mother's Protest
59. NEWS1A_171001_172.JPG: Origins
60. NEWS1A_171001_174.JPG: Abolitionist Convention: The National Negro Convention was held in Nashville, Tenn., in 1876.
61. NEWS1A_171001_177.JPG: The Boston Massacre
62. NEWS1A_171001_179.JPG: Freedom to Petition
63. NEWS1A_171001_183.JPG: Modern Issues
64. NEWS1A_171001_185.JPG: Activists Change Drinking Laws
65. NEWS1A_171001_187.JPG: Petitioning Against the Patriot Act
66. NEWS1A_171001_188.JPG: Recalling Politicians
67. NEWS1A_171001_191.JPG: Pivotal Points
68. NEWS1A_171001_192.JPG: Protesting Prohibition
69. NEWS1A_171001_194.JPG: Struggle for Suffrage
70. NEWS1A_171001_195.JPG: The women's suffrage movement found its way into popular music of the day, including this pro-suffrage song from 1915.
71. NEWS1A_171001_196.JPG: Women voted in separate ballot boxes in some state and local elections before the 19th amendment was ratified on Aug. 18, 1920, giving women the right to vote in national elections.
72. NEWS1A_171001_201.JPG: Origins
73. NEWS1A_171001_204.JPG: "Free and Independent"
74. NEWS1A_171001_205.JPG: Colonial Petition: In 1790, the trustees of the Presbyterian Society in Berkeley County, Va., petitioned the Virginia House of Delegates for permission to hold a lottery to raise funds for the completion of a new church building.
75. NEWS1A_171001_209.JPG: "Free speech not only lives, it rocks!" -- Oprah Winfrey, television personality
76. NEWS1A_171001_218.JPG: Is it OK to Display a "Bong Hits 4 Jesus" Sign?
77. NEWS1A_171001_219.JPG: The First Amendment in Schools Student Rights
78. NEWS1A_171001_220.JPG: Can You Get Suspended for Wearing T-Shirt that Misspells a Vegetable?
79. NEWS1A_171001_223.JPG: How Free is Your Cyberspace?
80. NEWS1A_171001_227.JPG: Oregon student Carlson Muss was expelled from school because of a Web site he created.
81. NEWS1A_171001_229.JPG: Nashala Hearn, a Muslim student at an Oklahoma middle school, was suspended for wearing her hijab to class.
82. NEWS1A_171001_231.JPG: Religious Clubs and School Prayer
83. NEWS1A_171001_233.JPG: Voice Your Opinion Should people who burn the U.S. flag in protest be punished?
84. NEWS1A_171001_235.JPG: High school junior Sheri Waniolek prays in a before-school Bible study group in suburban Detroit.
85. NEWS1A_171001_237.JPG: Kentucky teenager Jacqueline Duty holds her Confederate flag-themed prom dress. She said it celebrated her heritage; others found it racist. She was barred from wearing it to her senior prom.
86. NEWS1A_171001_238.JPG: Hey, Kids... What's the First Amendment?
87. NEWS1A_171001_242.JPG: Scott Wilding, 16, was suspended from his Michigan high school for dyeing his hair bright red.
88. NEWS1A_171001_244.JPG: James LaVine, a high school student in Washington state, was expelled from school after a teacher interpreted his poem, "Last Words," as a threat of violence.
89. NEWS1A_171001_247.JPG: One of the stick-figure drawings that led to the arrest and suspension of two young students in Florida.
90. NEWS1A_171001_250.JPG: California high school senior Ann Long, top, was told to resign as co-editor in chief of the school newspaper or face removal over an article in which students discussed their decisions to reveal their sexual orientation. Below, the staff of the Pebblebrook High School's student newspaper after the administration canceled its first issue in the 2004-2005 school year.
91. NEWS1A_171001_253.JPG: Students stage a protest against local ice cream trucks selling BB guns outside Fairview Elementary School in Modesto, Calif.
92. NEWS1A_171001_256.JPG: This edition of Pebblebrook High School's student newspaper set off a censorship battle.
93. NEWS1A_171001_258.JPG: Students at Fairview Elementary School in Modesto, Calif., display signs showing the five First Amendment freedoms.
94. NEWS1A_171001_260.JPG: Members of a Massachusetts high school club that promotes awareness of sexual orientation issues.
95. NEWS1A_171001_263.JPG: Can a School Punish Students for Hairstyles?
96. NEWS1A_171001_265.JPG: When is a Doodle Dangerous?
97. NEWS1A_171001_268.JPG: Stop the (Student) Press!
98. NEWS1A_171001_274.JPG: Exercising Your Rights
99. NEWS1A_171001_278.JPG: Gay or Straight? How Open Can the Discussion Be?
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