The development of the European portrait is traced in this gallery from Giorgione’s exquisite and revolutionary portrait of 1506 to Goya’s thoroughly modern Duque de la Roca of 1795. During the Renaissance in Italy and northern Europe, artists and patrons began to prize the naturalistic likeness in portraiture, emulating earlier periods such as Roman antiquity. Following the Renaissance, a new era emerged around 1600, known in both Spain and the Netherlands as the Golden Age, that saw the dramatic emergence of a new type of patron: the wealthy merchant class. Previously, patronage in Europe was confined primarily to the nobility and religious or civic institutions.
Pioneers in this new artistic climate included Frans Hals, who revolutionized the genre in the Netherlands by depicting his subjects in more relaxed, informal settings, and by exploring the psychological makeup of the sitter. A generation later, Van Dyck’s lengthy residence and popularity in Great Britain shaped an entire national school through the seemingly effortless refinement and elegance of his depictions. Later, Goya reached new heights of naturalism with an unflinching approach as the world around him rapidly transformed from Enlightenment to modernity.
underneath the file name (just above the picture). Spammers need not apply.
IP Address: 18.222.22.244 -- Domain: Amazon Technologies
I love well-behaved spiders! They are, in fact, how most people find my site. Unfortunately, my network has a limited bandwidth and pictures take up bandwidth. Spiders ask for lots and lots of pages and chew up lots and lots of bandwidth which slows things down considerably for regular folk. To counter this, you'll see all the text on the page but the images are being suppressed. Also, some system options like merges are being blocked for you.
Note: Permission is NOT granted for spiders, robots, etc to use the site for AI-generation purposes. I'm sure you're thrilled by your ability to make revenue from my work but there's nothing in that for my human users or for me.
If you are in fact human, please email me at guthrie.bruce@gmail.com and I can check if your designation was made in error. Given your number of hits, that's unlikely but what the hell.
") are described as follows: