BGuthrie Photos: UT -- Salt Lake City -- State Capitol -- Interior

UT -- Salt Lake City -- State Capitol -- Interior:

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Copyrights: All pictures were taken by amateur photographer Bruce Guthrie (me!) who retains copyright on them. Free for non-commercial use with attribution. See the [Creative Commons] definition of what this means. "Photos (c) Bruce Guthrie" is fine for attribution. (Commercial use folks can of course contact me.) Feel free to use in publications and pages with attribution but you don't have permission to sell the photos themselves. A free copy of any printed publication using any photographs is requested. Descriptive text, if any, is from a mixture of sources, quite frequently from signs at the location or from official web sites; copyrights, if any, are retained by their original owners.

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. SCAUTI_160714_013.JPG: Defining the Boundaries of Utah: Beginning at a point formed by the intersection of the thirty-second degree of longitude west from Washington, with the thirty-seventh degree of north latitude; thence due west along said thirty-seventh degree of north latitude to the intersection of the same with the thirty-seventh degree of longitude west from Washington; thence due north along said thirty-seventh degree of east longitude to the intersection of the same with the forty-second degree of north latitude; thence due east along said forty-second degree of north latitude to the intersection of the same with the thirty-fourth degree of longitude west from Washington; thence due south along said thirty-fourth degree of west longitude to the intersection of the same with the forty-first degree of north latitude; thence due east along said forty-first degree of north latitude to the intersection of the same with the thirty-second degree of longitude west from Washington; thence due south along said thirty-second degree of west longitude to the place of beginning. -- Article II, Section 1, Constitution of the State of Utah, 1896
2. SCAUTI_160714_017.JPG: When the United States Congress created Utah Territory in 1850, the borders were drawn around Nevada, Utah, and parts of Colorado. By 1866, the territory had been reduced to the shape and size we know today. By 1870, Utah had 20 counties. But over the years, a total of 39 counties have come and gone or endured. Some, like Shambip and Greasewood, passed into history while the original seven counties saw their borders more clearly defined. In all, there have been more than 90 changes and adjustments to the state's borders and internal map. Utah entered the Union as the 45th state in 1896 with 27 of her current 29 counties. Duschesne and Daggett were created from parts of Summit, Wasatch and Uintah Counties in 1915 and 1918 respectively.
3. SCAUTI_160714_019.JPG: Utah Territory in 1850 The Proposed State of Deseret in 1849
4. SCAUTI_160714_022.JPG: The State of Utah: When Utah was created as a state, the Constitution established the boundaries (in Article II) by using degrees of longitude "west from Washington." This Washington meridian, established by Congress in 1850, measured longitude by having the Prime Meridian set at the Old Naval Observatory in Washington, DC about 77 degrees longitude from the present Prime Meridian located in Greenwich, England. The Washington system continued until the international Meridian Conference of 1884, though it was still used in creating state boundaries for Utah, Idaho, Nebraska, Wyoming and others.
5. SCAUTI_160714_024.JPG: The United States: Looking at an image of North America from space, it is impossible to see the boundaries of Utah, the United States, Mexico or Canada. Utah is part of the large mast of western territory ceded to the United States by Mexico through the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1858. Looking from east to west on the image, there is a good sense of the geographic changes moving from the greener areas of the east and mid-west into the large deserts and mountains of the western United States.
6. SCAUTI_160714_026.JPG: Utah from Space: Seen from space, the only perceivable shape is the North American continent marked by oceans. Though the political borders have been changed through different laws, treaties and acts over the years, from space these arbitrary boundaries fade into natural boundaries, as the most identifiable landmark is the continent draped in clouds and bounded by oceans. Even the Great Salt Lake is barely visible as a small blue dot.
7. SCAUTI_160714_028.JPG: The State of Deseret and Utah Territory: In 1849, Mormon immigrants envisioned a grand, almost nation state called Deseret. Covering much of the west, the state encompassed what is now Nevada, parts of Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, California, and Oregon. Such a large territory was made to give Deseret a seaport in San Diego, while following regional features such as the Colorado river to complete the boundaries. This vast state was narrowed down to Utah Territory that still included parts of Nevada, Wyoming and Colorado before reducing the borders to their present form.
8. SCAUTI_160714_030.JPG: No. 19 Erected March 5, 1933 In Tribute to The Utah Pioneers The founders of Utah, stalwart empire builders, led by Brigham Young, entered the valley of the Great Salt Lake as its first permanent settlers July 24, 1847. This was then Mexican territory. By the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, February 2, 1848, the area was ceded to the United States. As the first organized government in the Rocky Mountain region, the provisional state of Deseret was created March 5, 1849, to function under its constitution "until the Congress of the United States shall otherwise provide". The territory of Utah was established September 9, 1850. Brigham Young, who had been elected governor of Deseret, was appointed governor of the Territory of Utah by Millard Fillmore the President of the United States. Utah became the 45th state in the Union January 4, 1896. With loyalty to high principals and unwavering trust in God, the "Mormon" pioneers established this commonwealth framing its government according to the orderliness of their lives, thus gaining for themselves and their posterity the inspiring freedom assured to all citizens of our Republic. Utah Pioneer Trails and Landmarks Association
9. SCAUTI_160714_048.JPG: In memory of our shipmates who gave their lives for out country on board the USS Utah when that ship was attacked by the Japanese at Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941.
10. SCAUTI_160714_054.JPG: Simon Bamberger Governor 1917-1921 Simon Bamberger (1846-1926) was born in Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, and immigrated to the United States at the beginning of the Civil War. He later became involved in the mining and railroad industries. In 1896, Bamberger opened Lagoon, an amusement park, as a stop on his railway between Ogden and Salt Lake City. Bamberger's public service career included serving on the Salt Lake City Board of Education and in the state Senate. He was known as a dedicated but humble philanthropist, and he had a wide and diverse circle of friends throughout the state. Bamberger was publicly supported by prominent Latter-day Saints when he announced his intention to run for governor in 1916. Bamberger won the gubernatorial race, making him both the first Democratic governor and the first Jewish governor in the state. Bamberger ran on a very progressive ticket, supporting the establishment of a public utilities commission and the Department of Health. He also fully supported Prohibition, which was considered by many to be part of the Progressive movement. Faced with a large budget deficit when he took office, Bamberger called for more efficient government spending and increased revenue. By the time he left office in 1921, declining to run for a second term, the state's budget deficit of nearly half a million dollars had been eliminated. Artist John Willard "Will" Clawson (1858-1936) was a nationally known portrait painter. He studied locally with George Ottinger and in Europe with Impressionist masters Edouard Manet and Claude Monet. Clawson painted the portraits of many society figures of his day, including a portrait of his grandfather, Brigham Young, and three other Utah governors: Wells, Cutler, and Dern.
11. SCAUTI_160714_058.JPG: William Spry Governor 1909-1917 William Spry (1864-1929) was born in England and immigrated to Tooele County, Utah, with his family in 1875. As a young man, he worked a wide range of jobs until he found his place in politics. He first served as a tax collector for Tooele County and later as a representative in the Utah State Legislature. As a member of Senator Reed Smoot's "Federal Bunch," Spry secured the 1908 nomination for governor and was elected. Spry emphasized to the Legislature the need for a state capitol. At first denied, the project moved forward in 1911 when the state received $798,546 in inheritance taxes from the estate of the late multimillionaire Edward H. Harriman. Spry appointed a seven-man capitol commission to manage the project, and the Utah State Capitol officially opened to the public in 1916. Spry's second term was marked with controversy. Swedish immigrant and labor activist Joe Hill was convicted of murdering two Salt Lake City men despite circumstantial evidence and was sentenced to death. Spry received appeals from all over the world, including a plea from President Woodrow Wilson, to give Hill a new trial. He refused, and Hill was executed. Spry ran for a third term in 1916, but lost the Republican nomination -- likely due to his position against statewide Prohibition laws. Artist Lee Greene Richards (1878-1950) was a well-known Utah artist who studied with J.T. Harwood and trained in France. In 1904, he received an honorable mention at the Paris Salon, making him the first Utah painter to receive this honor. Richards' artwork can be seen throughout the Capitol: murals in the rotunda and Senate chamber, as well as portraits of Utah governors Mabey and Maw.
12. SCAUTI_160714_062.JPG: John C. Cutler Governor 1905-1909 John Christopher Cutler (1846-1928) was born in Sheffield, England, and immigrated to Utah with his family in 1864. He became a businessman and worked for many local companies and banks. Cutler secured the GOP nomination for governor and won the 1904 election with the support of the "Federal Bunch," a powerful group of Republicans led by U.S. Senator Reed Smoot. Cutler indicated in his inaugural address that, rather than make radical changes to the young state government, his administration would uphold current successful policies. Cutler's contributions to the state included establishing a juvenile court system and creating a board to manage state parks. In 1907, Cutler proposed that the Legislature fund the construction of a state capitol, but the Legislature refused. The Legislature also denied Cutler's request for an institution to care for handicapped individuals. Due to an ideological split in the Republican Party, Cutler lost favor with the Federal Bunch and withdrew from the 1908 gubernatorial election to support the nomination of William Spry. Artist John Willard "Will" Clawson (1858-1936) was a nationally known portrait painter. He studied locally with George Ottinger and in Europe with Impressionist masters Edouard Manet and Claude Monet. Clawson painted the portraits of many society figures of his day, including his grandfather, Brigham Young, and three other Utah governors: Wells, Bamberger, and Dern.
13. SCAUTI_160714_065.JPG: Charles Rendell Mabey Governor 1921-1925 Charles Rendell Mabey (1877-1959) was born in Bountiful, Utah. He attended the University of Utah and worked for ten years as a teacher and administrator. Mabey served in the Utah National Guard during the Spanish-American War and received a citation for gallantry. Mabey's public service career began when he served as a justice of the peace, and later as city councilman and mayor of Bountiful. He also served two terms in the state Legislature. When World War I began, Mabey served again with the Utah National Guard. In the gubernatorial race of 1920, Mabey ran an active and persistent campaign, taking a strong and positive stance on developing state resources while minimizing government administration. Once elected, he cut state administration costs by nearly $170,000 in one fiscal year and condensed redundant state boards into fewer departments. Mabey valued public education highly, and under his encouragement, the Legislature increased education funding to the entire state. Additionally, almost 500 miles of new roads were built in Utah during Mabey's term, an impressive legacy that shaped the future development of the state. Artist Lee Greene Richards (1878-1950) was a well-known Utah artist who studied with J.T. Harwood and trained in France. In 1904, he received an honorable mention at the Paris Salon, making him the first Utah painter to receive this honor. Richards' artwork can be seen throughout the Capitol: murals in the rotunda and Senate chamber, as well as portraits of Utah governors Spry and Maw.
14. SCAUTI_160714_069.JPG: George Henry Dern Governor 1925-1933 George Henry Dern (1872-1936) was born in Nebraska and came to Utah at age 22. He co-invented the Holt-Dern ore roasting process and worked for the Mercur Gold Mining and Milling Company and other local mining companies. While not a member of the predominant political or religious groups in the state, Dern was widely successful in politics. He was elected to the state Senate in 1914 on the Democratic ticket. When he won the gubernatorial race in 1924, he was the only Democrat elected to a statewide office that year. Governor Dern was a progressive politician, and his accomplishments included establishing teaching certificate requirements and revising tax laws to favor middle- and low-income groups. He also secured federal funds for road construction and other programs. Dern declined to run for a third term in 1932 and promoted Henry Blood as his successor. Dern became the first Utahn to hold a position in a presidential cabinet when President Franklin D. Roosevelt named him Secretary of War. Dern was instrumental in enlarging and motorizing the nation's military at a time when domestic concerns took priority over foreign affairs. During his time in the presidential cabinet, he also supported the creation of the Civilian Conservation Corps, a public work relief program that provided manual labor jobs for young unemployed men during the Great Depression. Artist John Willard "Will" Clawson (1858-1936) was a nationally known portrait painter. He studied locally with George Ottinger and in Europe with Impressionist masters Edouard Manet and Claude Monet. Clawson painted the portraits of many society figures of his day, including a portrait of his grandfather, Brigham Young, and three other Utah governors: Wells, Cutler, and Bamberger.
15. SCAUTI_160714_073.JPG: Henry Hooper Blood Governor 1933-1941 Henry Hooper Blood (1872-1942) was born in Kaysville, Utah. He worked in a variety of occupations, including serving as manager of Kaysville Milling Company. Blood first entered politics when he was elected as city recorder of Kaysville in 1893. In 1922, Blood was appointed to the State Highway Commission, and three years later he was selected chairman. This position gave Blood administrative experience and introduced him to local officials across the state, which helped him in his bid for governor in 1932. Blood served two terms as governor during the Great Depression. Utah's unemployment rate was 36 percent -- the fourth highest in the nation -- and in 1934, the state experienced the worst drought in its history. Blood's approach to these problems was to drastically cut state expenditures, implement a pay-as-you-go policy, and obtain federal relief dollars through New Deal programs. He was particularly successful in securing funds for Civilian Conservation Corps and Works Progress Administration projects. He also worked hard for the construction of dams throughout the state, which provided jobs and improved area water capacity. Contrary to his own stance on alcohol consumption, Blood supported the 1933 repeal of Prohibition, making Utah the final state necessary for ratifying the 21st Amendment. He was the first governor to live in the Thomas Kearns mansion, which still serves today as the governor's residence. Artist Gordon Nicholson Cope (1906-1999) spent much of his career in Utah, training with A.B. Wright and LeConte Stewart before going to Europe to study. He was the head of the art department at LDS University (now LDS Business College). During the Depression, he worked for the Public Works of Art Project and the Works Progress Administration's Federal Art Project, programs that provided civic employment opportunities to artists in a variety of creative capacities.
16. SCAUTI_160714_078.JPG: The Hall of Governors Did you know? * Formerly, this space was filled with exhibits focused on Utah, as shown in the photo above. The famous "Mormon Meteor" car was held here until the Capitol restoration. * Panels of glass on the ceiling allow for natural lighting to filter in. Can you see footprints from people walking above? * To the west is an exact Liberty Bell replica, a gift form the US government to each state and US territory to raise Treasury bonds in 1950.
17. SCAUTI_160714_081.JPG: Herbert Brown Maw Governor 1941-1949 Herbert Brown Maw (1893-1990) was born in Ogden, Utah. He began working at age 11 to help support his family, selling aluminum pans door-to-door and newspapers on the streets of Salt Lake City. He also operated an ice cream stand at the Saltair Resort. Maw pursued his education while working, attending LDS High School and receiving a Bachelor of Law from the University of Utah Law School. During World War I, he served as a Latter-day Saint chaplain. Following the war, Maw completed a master's degree and a doctorate in law from Northwestern University. When he returned to Salt Lake City, he taught political science and speech at the University of Utah. He served as Dean of Men at the University from 1928 to 1936. Maw ran successfully for a state Senate seat on the Democratic ticket in 1928. He served as a senator for ten years, and he later went on to serve as Senate president for four years. He won the gubernatorial race in 1940. Once in office, he quickly reorganized the executive branch to contain fewer departments, an action that received bipartisan support from the Legislature. With World War II on the horizon, Maw worked hard to attract military installations and industries to Utah. Utah's location made it prime real estate for many wartime facilities, creating thousands of jobs and energizing Utah's economy. Maw served his second term during the shift from war to peacetime. He supported legislation to help veterans gain access to housing and education in their transition to civilian life. He was also dedicated to building road systems that would increase tourist access to Utah's scenic destinations. After losing his bid for a third term, Maw retired to practice private law. He continued to work well into his nineties, taking on many pro bono cases for the poor. Artist Lee Greene Richards (1878-1950) was a prominent Utah artist who studied with J.T. Harwood and trained in France. In 1904, he received an honorable mention at the Paris Salon, making him the first Utah painter to receive this honor. Richards' artwork can be seen throughout the Capitol: murals in the rotunda and Senate chamber, as well as portraits of Utah governors Spry and Mabey.
18. SCAUTI_160714_092.JPG: Joseph Bracken Lee Governor 1949-1957 Joseph Bracken Lee (1899-1996) was born in Price, Utah. He served in the army during World War I and owned successful real estate and insurance businesses. He first entered the world of politics as the mayor of Price, an office he held for 12 years. After making several bids for Congress and governor, Lee was elected governor in 1948. Lee entered the national spotlight with his battle against federal income tax and his ideas regarding reform in state government. He made deep cuts in many state agency budgets, despite Utah's $9 million budget surplus. He reorganized the welfare, highway, and education departments and created a state motor pool. A controversial governor, Lee often stated his low opinion of teachers and school administrators, which eventually united the entire educational establishment against him. Despite having some political enemies, Lee's popularity as governor remained strong enough for him to win a second term. Lee ran for a third term, this time on the Independent ticket. After Republican George D. Clyde won the election, Lee went on to run for other public offices. In 1959, he became mayor of Salt Lake City and served for 12 years. When he retired at age 73, Lee had served an impressive 32 years in elective office in Utah. Artist C.J. Fox is infamous not for his portfolio, but for his story. As reported by TIME magazine in March 1978, C.J. Fox was a pseudonym for businessman and art dealer Leo Fox. As early as the 1940s, Leo Fox solicited portrait commissions under the name "Charles J. Fox," advertising the painter as "the son of a well-known Austrian artist." Leo Fox paid obscure artists to complete -- from photographs -- the portraits of hundreds of prominent Americans. Each commissioned portrait was signed and sold by "C.J. Fox."
19. SCAUTI_160714_099.JPG: George Dewey Clyde Governor 1957-1965 George Dewey Clyde (1898-1972) was born in Springville, Utah. He earned a master's in civil engineering from the University of California at Berkeley. He later joined the faculty of the Utah State Agricultural College (now Utah State University), teaching classes focused on hydraulic and fluid mechanics and irrigation methods. He was a successful researcher and published nearly 50 academic papers. The State called upon Clyde's expertise during Utah's worst drought, and he was appointed state water conservator in 1934. As governor, Clyde emphasized fiscal efficiency, state's rights, and water projects. He opposed a "Sunday closing" bill with the argument that not all religions viewed Sunday as the Sabbath. He also oversaw the construction of a multimillion-dollar interstate highway, the building of the University of Utah School of Medicine, and the creation of Canyonlands National Park. Clyde initially opposed the park, believing that large tracts of land should be open to resource extraction. Clyde eventually compromised with National Parks supporter Senator Frank Moss, and a much smaller park was formed. Artist Everett "Ev" Clark Thorpe (1907-1983) began his art career as a sports artist for The Deseret News and The Salt Lake Tribune. In Utah, he studied under LeConte Stewart and Calvin Fletcher. He also studied art at Chouinard School of Art (now California Institute of the Arts), Syracuse University, and Hans Hofmann School of Arts. Thorpe taught art at Utah State University for 40 years, and his work ranged from illustration to portraiture to mural projects. Thorpe painted Governor Clyde in his professional environment, standing in Utah's arid southwest desert with plans for the Glen Canyon dam in hand.
20. SCAUTI_160714_103.JPG: Calvin L. Rampton Governor 1965-1977 Calvin Lewellyn Rampton (1913-2007) was born in Bountiful, Utah. He attended the University of Utah and served as Davis County Attorney from 1939 to 1941. Rampton also served in Europe during World War II, where he received a Bronze Star and climbed the military ranks. An active Democrat, Rampton ran unsuccessfully for the Utah State Senate in 1954 and United State Senate in 1962. He accepted his party's nomination for governor and won that office in 1964. Rampton asked the Legislature for increased education spending, passage of three civil rights bills, and the right to use federal funds for urban renewal. The 1967 Legislature acted in accordance with many of his requests, passing a series of landmark legislation for the state. Rampton easily won re-election in 1968 and 1972, making him Utah's first and only governor to serve three full terms. During his third term, he supported ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. He supported state building projects, including Salt Lake City's Symphony Hall (now Abravanel Hall), the Salt Lake Arts Center (now Utah Museum of Contemporary Art), and numerous public schools. Throughout his three terms in office, "Cal" Rampton remained a popular governor. The Calvin L. Rampton Complex -- which houses the Utah Department of Transportation and the Utah Department of Public Safety -- and the Cal Rampton Boardroom at the Capitol are named after him. After Rampton's death in 2007, the Salt Palace Convention Center was renamed the Calvin L. Rampton Salt Palace Convention Center in his honor. Artist Alvin L. Gittins (1922-1981), one of Utah's finest painters, came from England to study art at Brigham Young University. He later taught for many years at the University of Utah. Gittins was Utah's most dominant portrait painter and was noted for his ability to capture his subject's personality as well as likeness, and for his masterly traditional styles. He also painted Governor Matheson's portrait.
21. SCAUTI_160714_107.JPG: Scott M. Matheson Governor 1977-1985 Scott Milne Matheson (1929-1990) was born in Chicago, Illinois. During the early 1930s, his family moved to Parowan, Utah, and then later to Salt Lake City. He attended East High School and then the University of Utah before graduating from Stanford University Law School in 1952. Matheson practiced law in Cedar City, Utah, for several years and then returned to Salt Lake City to work as deputy attorney for the county. An active member of the Democratic Party since college, Matheson ran for governor in 1976 and won, making him one of very few Utah Democrats elected to office that year. At his inauguration, Matheson declined the traditional military cannon salute. In his address, he called for environmental stewardship and sustainable use of Utah's natural resources. Matheson faced many challenges during his two terms as governor: devastating drought, increasing population, growing inflation, spiraling Medicaid costs, and fast-growing enrollment in schools. Matheson protested the location of an MX missile system in Utah and the transfer of nerve gas to the state. Environmental issues were important to Matheson, and he opposed nuclear waste dumps in Utah. Three thousand acres of the Deep Creek Mountains are named Scott's Basin in honor of Matheson's conservation efforts. Matheson also foresaw that computer technology would play an important role in the future, and he requested funds for a state data processing system. Artist Alvin L. Gittins (1922-1981), one of Utah's finest painters, came from England to study art at Brigham Young University. He later taught for many years at the University of Utah. Gittins was Utah's most dominant portrait painter and was noted for his ability to capture his subject's personality as well as likeness, and for his masterly traditional styles. He also painted Governor Rampton's portrait.
22. SCAUTI_160714_112.JPG: Norman Bangerter Governor 1985-1993 Norman Howard Bangerter (1933-2015) was born in 1933 in Granger (now West Valley City), Utah. For 50 years, with the exception of his college and army days, he lived just ten blocks away from the farmhouse where he was born. In 1974, after 25 years of working as a homebuilder and real estate developer, Bangerter won a seat in the Utah House of Representatives. Bangerter quickly rose to leadership positions in the Republican party, becoming the first Speaker of the House in over 40 years to serve two terms. He was elected governor in 1984, setting the "Three Es" as his governing focus: education, economic development, and efficiency in government. A fourth "E" for environment was added a few years later. Facing economic difficulties, Bangerter campaigned aggressively to rebuild the state's economy and successfully recruited new businesses and industries to the state. By his second term, Utah's economy was growing even during a national recession. During his eight years in office, Bangerter oversaw the establishment of the State Court of Appeals, new funding and higher test scores for Utah schools, and the construction of a performing arts center at the University of Utah. Artist E. Keith Eddington (1923-2007) was born in Philadelphia and raised in Lehi, Utah. Eddington served in World War II in both Europe and the Pacific. Eddington studied art at the University of Utah and was the student of the famous artists Arnold Friberg and Alvin Gittins. He later joined the faculty at the University of Utah where he taught for 20 years. During his successful career, he also taught at Brigham Young University and was the head of Keith Eddington and Associates, a highly respected graphic design firm in Salt Lake City. During his retirement, he continued to paint portraits.
23. SCAUTI_160714_116.JPG: Michael O. Leavitt Governor 1993-2003 Michael Okerlund Leavitt was born in Cedar City, Utah, in 1951. He graduated from Southern Utah University with a degree in business and economics. Leavitt worked for the regional insurance organization founded by his father, the Leavitt Group, rising up the ranks to become president and CEO. Leavitt also served as a member of the Utah State Board of Regents. Leavitt won the 1992 election for governor. His running mate, Olene Walker, became the first woman to serve as Utah's lieutenant governor. During Leavitt's administration, the state experienced its longest sustained economic expansion in its history. The 1995 Governor's Growth Summit set the stage for statewide initiatives in improving transportation, preserving open spaces, and addressing quality of life issues. Governor Leavitt made education a priority during his three terms in office, reducing class sizes while increasing funding. During his tenure, Utah also received international recognition as host to the 2002 Olympic Winter Games. In 2003, President George W. Bush nominated Governor Leavitt as the Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Leavitt accepted the position and resigned as governor in November 2003. During President Bush's second term, Leavitt served as the Secretary of Health and Human Services. Artist William "Bill" Ferrin Whitaker, Jr. (b. 1943), son of painter William Whitaker, Sr., grew up surrounded by art. He earned his degree from the University of Utah and later taught at Brigham Young University. Whitaker studied under the renowned Utah artist Alvin Gittins and is known for his beautiful portraits of Latter-day Saints church officials and other prominent people. He also painted Governor Walker's portrait.
24. SCAUTI_160714_121.JPG: Olene Walker Governor 2003-2005 Olene Smith Walker was born in Ogden, Utah, in 1930. She received a bachelor degree from Brigham Young University, a master degree from Stanford University, and a doctorate from the University of Utah. From 1969 to 1992, Walker served as Vice President of Country Crisp Foods, a family business. Before entering politics, Walker founded the Salt Lake Education Foundation and served as its director. She also served as director of the Utah Division of Community Development. Walker was a representative in the state Legislature for eight years and served a term as majority whip. She was Utah's first woman to serve as lieutenant governor. During her tenure, she spearheaded many important initiatives, such as education programs, and workforce development. She led the Healthcare Reform Task Force that established the Children's Health Insurance Program, ensuring affordable healthcare for Utah's children. Walker also convened the Utah Homeless Coordinating Committee, which aimed to end chronic homelessness by developing affordable housing, providing supportive services, and tracking program outcomes. When Governor Leavitt resigned to serve as Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, Walker became Utah's first female governor. As governor, she continued her commitment to affordable housing, education funding, and literacy programs. Artist William "Bill" Ferrin Whitaker, Jr. (b. 1943), son of painter William Whitaker, Sr., grew up surrounded by art. He earned his degree from the University of Utah and later taught at Brigham Young University. Whitaker studied under the renowned Utah artist Alvin Gittins and is known for his beautiful portraits of Latter-day Saints church officials and other prominent people. He also painted Governor Leavitt's portrait.
25. SCAUTI_160714_135.JPG: Jon M. Huntsman Governor 2005-2009 Jon Meade Huntsman, Jr., was born in 1960 in Palo Alto City, California. He grew up in Salt Lake City and attended Highland High School, the University of Utah, and the University of Pennsylvania, ultimately earning a bachelor's degree in international politics. Early in life, he worked as a White House staff assistant in the Ronald Reagan administration. Other political involvement included serving as the U.S. ambassador to Singapore under President George H.W. Bush and as the U.S. trade ambassador under President George W. Bush. In 2005, Huntsman was sworn in as Utah's 16th governor. He served for nearly five years and was one of Utah's most popular governors, reaching an approval rating of nearly 90 percent at one point of his tenure. Under his leadership, Utah was rated the best-managed state in the country by the Pew Center on the States' Grading the States 2008 Report. As governor, he cut taxes by more than $400 million and expanded Utah's economy. Huntsman also pursued increased teacher compensation, as well as better student access to literacy, math, and science programs. Huntsman kept a steady job growth rate in Utah during the 2008 recession, a time that marked one of the largest employment declines in U.S. history. Huntsman resigned as governor of Utah in 2009 to accept a position as U.S. Ambassador to China. In 2011, Huntsman announced that he would campaign for the Republican presidential nomination, but he suspended his bid in January 2012. Also in January, Huntsman replaced his father as chairman of the Huntsman Cancer Institute. Later that year, he was appointed to the boards of directors of the Ford Motor Co. and Caterpillar, Inc. Artist Galina Perova was born in 1958 in the former Soviet Union. She attended art school in Russia as a young child and later worked with E. E. Moiseinko, an internationally recognized artist and educator. Perova graduated at the top of her class when she received her Master of Fine Arts and doctorate degrees from the Repin St. Petersburg State Academy Institute of Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture. Perova continues to work, maintaining studios in Salt Lake City, Utah, and National Harbor, Maryland. The flag shown in Huntsman's portrait is the flag of the U.S. ambassador.
26. SCAUTI_160714_137.JPG: Heber Manning Wells Governor 1896-1905 Heber Manning Wells (1859-1938) was born in Salt Lake City, Utah. While in his teens, Wells began working as a tax collector for Salt Lake City. After being appointed city recorder in 1882, he was elected for three more terms. Following a bid for Salt Lake City mayor in 1892, Wells participated in Utah's 1887 and 1895 constitutional conventions. At age 36, Wells became Utah's first (and youngest) governor when Utah achieved statehood on January 4, 1896. Operating from the City and County Building, Governor Wells set to the task of organizing courts and offices for the new state of Utah. He signed into law many bills, including one landmark bill sponsored by Alice Merrill Horne, which created the first state-sponsored arts organization in the country. Wells also took particular interest in promoting economic development while preserving Utah's natural resources. Wells served two terms as governor and spent the rest of his career in various public offices, both for Salt Lake City and for the federal government. Artist John Willard "Will" Clawson (1858-1936) was a nationally known portrait painter. He studied locally with George Ottinger and in Europe with Impressionist masters Edouard Manet and Claude Monet. Clawson painted the portraits of many society figures of his day, including his grandfather, Brigham Young, and three other Utah governors: Cutler, Bamberger, and Dern.
27. SCAUTI_160714_153.JPG: George Edward Wahlen George Edward Wahlen was born August 8, 1924, to Albert George and Doris Lythgoe Wahlen of West Ogden, Utah. After attending Weber High School, George entered the U.S. Navy in June 1943. He completed several months of medical training and was assigned as a medical corpsman to 2nd Battalion, 26th Marines, 5th Marine Division. A year of combat training had been completed when the 5th Marine Division received orders to land on the island of Iwo Jima. It was during the ensuing 13 days of combat on this island that pharmacist's mate second class Wahlen was wounded on three seperate occasions. He was transported to the U.S. Naval Hospital at Camp Pendleton, Oceanside, California, where he endured a ten month recovery. October 3, 1945 pharmacist's mate second class Wahlen was awarded the Medal of Honor by President Harry S. Truman. George was discharged from the U.S. Navy on December 20, 1945. He married Melba Holley of Slaterville, Utah, on August 16, 1946. George obtained as associate degree from Weber College, Ogden, Utah. He then entered the U.S. Army where he served in numerous capacities for 20 years. During this period of time he served a tour of duty in Korea and Vietnam. He graduated Magna Cum Laude with a Bachelor of Science Degree from the Church College of Hawaii. In 1969, George Wahlen retired from the Armed Forces and established his residence in Roy, Utah. Following his retirement from the Armed Services, Mr. Wahlen was employed by the Veterans Administration for 12 years where he earned the "Direct Service to Public" Award. Also at this time he completed two years of graduate study at the University of Utah. Mr. Whalen, a father and grandfather, has been a citizen of Roy since 1969. His personal awards include: The Medal of Honor, the Bronze Star, the Army Commendation Medal, three Purple Hearts, the Asiatic Pacific Campaign Medal with one Bronze Star and the Vietnam Campaign Medal with four Bronze Stars. Medal of Honor Citation Reads as Follows: "For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty while serving with the 2 D Battalion, 26th Marines, 5th Marine Division, during action against enemy Japanese forces on Iwo Jima in the Volcano Group on 3 March 1945. Painfully wounded in bitter action on 26 February, Whalen remained on the battlefield, advancing well forward of the frontlines to aid a wounded Marine and carrying him back to safety despite a terrific concentration of fire. Tireless in his ministrations, he consistently disregarded all danger to attend to his fighting comrades as they fell under the devastating rain of shrapnel and bullets, and rendered prompt assistance to various elements of his combat group as required. When an adjacent platoon suffered heavy casualties, he defied the continuous pounding of heavy mortars and deadly fire of enemy rifles to care for the wounded. Working rapidly in an area swept by constant fire and treating fourteen casualties before returning to his own platoon. Wounded again on 2 March, he gallantly refused evacuation, moving out with his company the following day in a furious assault across 600 yards of open terrain and repeatedly rendering medical aid while exposed to the blasting fury of powerful Japanese guns. Stouthearted and indomitable, he persevered in his determined efforts as his unit waged fierce battle, and unable to walk after sustaining a third agonizing wound, resolutely crawled 50 yards to administer first aid to still another fallen fighter. By his dauntless fortitude and valor, Wahlen served as a constant inspiration and contributed vitally to the high morale of his company during critical phases of this strategically important engagement. His heroic spirit of self-sacrifice in the face of overwhelming enemy fire upheld the highest traditions of the U.S. Naval Service." We honor him and all of our military heroes especially those who paid the ultimate price for the freedom we enjoy.
28. SCAUTI_160714_159.JPG: Richard Karl August Kletting: Architect of the Capitol
29. SCAUTI_160714_167.JPG: Why is a Zither in this Case? This is Richard Kletting's musical instrument called a zither, a widely popular instrument in Austria in Kletting's day. After training in Europe in classical architecture, Kletting arrived in the United States in 1883 at age 25. He and his zither followed his lost luggage to Utah where Kletting was quickly hired as an architect. In his early years in Salt Lake City, either to supplement his income or for the love of music, he taught zither lessons. Simple zithers were traditional folk instruments with fewer strings. Kletting's instrument is a more complicated concert zither with five melody strings covering 29 frets (played with the left hand) and 37 accompaniment strings (struck with the plectrum attached to the thumb or plucked with fingers on the right hand). n a photo of the same period, an officer in the Confederate Army plays a concert zither similar to Kletting's. Kletting's zither, complete with his thumb plectrum and tuning key in its original box, was loaned to the Capitol Preservation Board by his granddaughter Chris Condie.
30. SCAUTI_160714_169.JPG: Is This a Telescope? Yes and No. The instrument is called a Wye Level because of thew two "wye rings" on either end of the telescope held above the bubble level. Sometimes confused with another engineering tool called a theodolite -- which measures both horizontal and vertical angles -- this is Richard Kletting's engineering level he used to complete plans and construction of the Utah State Capitol as well as numerous other buildings in Utah. The level was manufactured by the W. & L. E. Gurley company of Troy, New York, a popular maker of engineering tools still in business today. Kletting's level, along with several other important documents in this case, were loaned to the Capitol Preservation Board by his granddaughter Geneal Kletting.
31. SCAUTI_160714_171.JPG: Richard K.A. Kletting From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Richard Karl August Kletting (July 1, 1858 – September 25, 1943) was an influential architect in Utah. He designed many well-known buildings, including the Utah State Capitol, the Enos Wall Mansion (now a landmark for the LDS Business College), and the original Saltair Resort Pavilion. A number of his buildings survive and are listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places including many in University of Utah Circle and the Salt Lake City Warehouse District. Early life Kletting was born on July 1, 1858 in the Kingdom of W�rttemberg, Germany and was one of sixteen children. He first decided that he wanted to become an architect when he was fifteen, while working in a stone yard where he cut stone. A year later, he became a junior draftsman on railroad construction work. When Kletting was sixteen he arrived in Paris and learned modern architectural design from a big contracting firm. He left for the United States of America in 1883, when he was twenty five years old. Kletting married a woman named Mary Elizabeth Saaner on 18 May 1905 in San Francisco. Their children were Mary Wilhelmine born 17 August 1906, Walter born 30 November 1907 and Helen Elizabeth born 28 May 1910. All the children were born in Salt Lake City, Utah. Career Richard K.A. Kletting was hired as an architect and worked on many Salt Lake City buildings, both residential and commercial. He became a very well known architect in Utah. The University of Deseret was Kletting's first architectural design commissioned in Salt Lake. It later became known as the University of Utah in 1892. His next commission was the original Saltair resort in 1893, on the south shore of the Great Salt Lake. It stood on over two thousand pilings and posts. It became known for its detailed woodwork and Moorish design. It also featured the world's largest dance floor. Saltair was a family place that hoped to provide a safe atmosphere for families with the supervision of Church leaders. In 1899 the original historic Salt Palace was built and Richard Kletting was the architect. It had a racing track, a theatre, and a dance hall. The building eventually burnt down on August 29, 1910. In 1912, Kletting was chosen among forty other competing architects to design the Utah State Capitol building in 1912. His design was based on the style of the time of the Renaissance, called Renaissance Revival. Kletting's design was ultimately selected. Utah granite and Georgia marble were common materials throughout the capitol building. It had a large dome and twenty four columns in its colonnade. The total cost for the project was $2,739,528. Kletting built many other buildings, including the Mcintyre Building which is claimed to be Utah's first fire-proof building. The interior was made of metal railings, metal windows and trim, and plaster and marble interior walls and floors. It was constructed for $180,000. It was the first and only "skyscraper" in Utah until two years later, when the Boston and Newhouse Buildings were constructed. Richard Kletting was a well-accomplished architect, but he was also interested in forestry. Over his career, Kletting had several interns that went on to be successful architects in Utah. Some include Richard C. Watkins, Carl M. Neuhausen, and Leslie S. Hodgson. Richard Kletting designed many well-known buildings, including the Utah State Capitol and the original Saltair Pavilion in Utah. He designed several other buildings such as the Albert Fisher Mansion and Carriage House, Reed O. Smoot House, Lehi Tabernacle, Riverton Meetinghouse, LeRoy Cowles Building, Utah Commercial and Savings Bank Building, Oquirrh School, Beaver County Courthouse, Henry Dinwoody House, Gibbs-Thomas House, J. R. Allen House, and the original Salt Palace. Forestry On February 22, 1897, Richard Kletting organized the first forest reserve in Utah, called the Utah Forestry Association. It helped in the management and preservation of Utah's forests and mountains. In 1964, Kletting Peak, standing at 12,055 feet, in Summit County, Utah, was named for Richard K.A. Kletting. He died on September 25, 1948 in Salt Lake City, Utah.
32. SCAUTI_160714_180.JPG: The Evolution of the Utah State Flag
33. SCAUTI_160714_183.JPG: The Utah State Flag and the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair More than 20 million visitors attended the 1904 world's fair officially titled the Louisiana Purchase Exposition. The Fair boasted more than 75 miles of roads and 1,500 buildings. The Utah Building (lower right), at 60 feet square, was one of the Fair's smaller structures. Utah notables (top left), including Mormon Church president Joseph F. Smith, Constitutional Convention president John Henry Smith, US senator Reed Smoot, and Fair Commission members L.W. Shurtliff, Hoyt Sherman, S.T. Whitaker, Samuel Newhouse and Governor Heber Wells (chair of the Commission) came by train to St. Louis to officially dedicate the site for the building. The Salt Lake Tribune photo of the delegation taken in 1903 documents those individuals, along with other prominent Utahns, on the grounds of the Utah Building. The photo also shows one of the delegates, holding Utah's first state flag. That flag, featuring the state seal embroidered with white silk thread on blue silk, was lost to history for a generation until February of 2010 when Utah history buff Ronald Fox and State History curator Doug Misner discovered the unique flag in a mislabeled box.
34. SCAUTI_160714_186.JPG: Flag in circulation from 1922 to 2011
35. SCAUTI_160714_188.JPG: The Evolution of the Utah State Flag
36. SCAUTI_160714_190.JPG: 1896: Designed in 1896, Utah's first state flag was based on the official state seal. The seal was designed by Harry Edwards and Charles M. Jackson. The original flag used this coat of arms, shown above in a watercolor by Edwards.
37. SCAUTI_160714_193.JPG: 1903: In preparation for the 1903 World's Fair in St. Louis, the Utah State Society Daughters of the American Revolution presented Governor Heber M. Wells with a new flag. Using white silk for the coat of arms from the state seal of a solid blue background, originally this flag was referred to as the "Governor's Flag," until 1911 when it was adopted as the official state flag.
38. SCAUTI_160714_196.JPG: Governor's flag of 1903, adopted in 1931 as the official state flag
39. SCAUTI_160714_198.JPG: When the battleship U.S.S. Utah was commissioned, the Sons and Daughters of the Utah Pioneers ordered a new flag, shown above. In 1913, the gold circle around the Seal was added, later adopted by the Utah Legislature.
40. SCAUTI_160714_202.JPG: 1913: Annie Wells Cannon wrote the Utah Flag resolution in 1913 to amend the Flag's design. Approved by the Legislature, this design features a full color coat of amrs, encircled in gold, with gold fringe on a blue field.
41. SCAUTI_160714_205.JPG: 1922: In 1922, the New York mayor requested a Utah flag for a city parade. The Grand Army of the Republic commissioned Dollie McMonegal to create an official Utah flag for the event. Her finished flag did not include the year "1847." The numbers were later embroidered beneath the shield in the coat of arms. Her flag design became the pattern still used today.
42. SCAUTI_160714_212.JPG: 2011 -- Flag Revised: In 2011, it was discovered the Utah State flag used for 89 years had accidentally been altered in 1922, when a flag maker hand-stitched the year 1847 below the shield instead of inside the shield. Utah State Representative Julie Fisher and Senator Mark Madsen sponsored the House Concurrent Resolution 2 during the 2011 Legislative Session, which passed both the House and the Senate. The ruling requires all Utah State flags printed after the mistake was identified, to be printed correctly as defined in the statute. (All other flags will be acceptable to display until they are in disrepair.) During this same session, House Bill 490 passed, yielding March 9 as the annual Utah State Flag day.
43. SCAUTI_160714_223.JPG: The Beehive in Utah: Early Mormon pioneer settlers wanted to name their new state Deseret, the word meaning "honeybee" in the church's Book of Mormon. Instead, Congress created a territory in 1850 and named it Utah after one [of] the region's Native American tribes. Beehives remained important to the citizens of the state. Utahns relate the beehive symbol to industry and the pioneer values of perseverance and thrift. The beehive was chosen as the emblem for a State of Deseret three times; each proposed constitution was rejected in Washington. The beehive was retained as part of the official seal of the new state when Utah entered the Union in 1896 as the 45th state. The beehive became the official state emblem on March 4, 1959.
44. SCAUTI_160714_232.JPG: A Building Full of Treasure
45. SCAUTI_160714_235.JPG: Birdseye marble was selected for the House of Representatives Chamber, Supreme Court Chamber and Gold Room for its beauty and significance to Utah. In addition to Utah's Capitol, stone from the Birdseye Marble Quarry in central Utah graces the Lincoln Memorial as well as many other government buildings throughout the country. It can be seen in its raw form in the Manti-La Sal National Forest.
46. SCAUTI_160714_238.JPG: Utah onyx, otherwise known as travertine, consists of cream-colored banded calcite and was used in the Capitol front vestibule and Senate Chamber. It can be found in various areas throughout Utah, such as Box Elder, Millard, Utah and Tooele counties. It was very popular during the Roman Empire and is currently one of the most frequently used stones in modern architecture. It can be seen in its natural state near Mt. Nebo in Juab County.
47. SCAUTI_160714_241.JPG: Copper made from the Bingham Canyon Mine adorns the Capitol's dome -- a feature that provided much of the building's majestic beauty. The dome is turning green, rather than bright and shiny like a penny, because of oxidation, the process of the copper being exposed to the elements. Modern life is very dependent on copper -- a major Utah export -- because it is an important component in everything from electronics to plumbing and vehicles to household appliances.
48. SCAUTI_160714_243.JPG: Sanpete oolite from Sanpete County was selected for many of the walls within the Capitol building. The walls were painted to make the oolite more durable and easy to clean. During the recent restoration project, the paint layers were removed and replaced with a protective coating to reveal the beauty of the natural surface. There are over 5,000 pieces of Sanpete oolite on the first floor alone, making it one of the largest collections on display in Utah.
49. SCAUTI_160714_245.JPG: Gypsum is a soft sulfate mineral used in the plaster ornamentation that gives the Capitol interior much of its beauty and elegance. Often it is painted or gilded, as seen on the curved ceiling of the dome and heavily molded ceilings of the House, Senate and Supreme Court Chambers, and Gold Room. The best place to view gypsum in its natural form is the "mountain" of gypsum in Capitol Reef National Park.
50. SCAUTI_160714_248.JPG: Iron. Cast iron staircases connect the Capitol's five floors. With the exception of the main marble staircases, all of the original staircases are made of cast iron and feature cast iron supports with marble treads as well as cast iron railings with wooden handrails. Iron ore deposits found near Cedar City in 1849 were used to produce the first smelted iron west of the Mississippi. Today iron is mined at multiple locations throughout Utah.
51. SCAUTI_160714_251.JPG: Early Constitutions
52. SCAUTI_160714_254.JPG: Early Constitutions: In the first attempt at statehood, residents of what would become Utah attempted to form a State of Deseret in 1849. From the Mormon word for "honeybee," Deseret was proposed both as a state and a territory in 1849. Both proposals for "Deseret" were unsuccessful as Congress created Utah Territory in 1850, redefining proposed boundaries and beginning Utah's path to statehood.
53. SCAUTI_160714_261.JPG: The Proposed Shape of Deseret: Covering much of the west, the proposed state encompassed what is now Nevada, parts of Arizona, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Washington and California. Such a large territory was made to give Deseret a seaport in San Diego, following regional features of the Great Basin to give the proposed state its shape. This vast area was narrowed down to the Utah Territory in 1850 and changed until Utah took its present form in 1895 at the time of statehood.
54. SCAUTI_160714_266.JPG: Enabling a State of Utah: In 1893 Delegate Joseph Rawlins introduced an act to enable Utah to begin the process of becoming a state. This act passed Congress and was signed by president Grover Cleveland in 1894.
55. SCAUTI_160714_268.JPG: The Enabling Act: In order to join the Union, the Federal government had to first authorize Utah territorial officials to call a convention to draft yet another constitution. This convention was "enabled" to nominate a slate of State officials who would assume the duties of the territorial government. For Utah, permission to begin the process came by way of an act of Congress introduced by Delegate Rawlins, passed on July 10, 1894, and signed by President Cleveland on July 16 that same year. The above document is stamped with the seal of the Department of State and signed by then Secretary of State W.Q. Gresham.
56. SCAUTI_160714_285.JPG: A Paleontologist's Paradise
57. SCAUTI_160714_300.JPG: Filmed in Utah
58. SCAUTI_160714_305.JPG: A Tribute to the Heroes of the American Revolution who by their bravery, loyalty to principle and devotion to the cause of human rights founded the United States of America which, in the year eighteen Hundred and Forty-Eight, acquired that great territory of which the State of Utah is now a part. This tablet is erected by the Utah Society of the Sons of the American Revolution
59. SCAUTI_160714_308.JPG: 1809 - 1865 Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate -- we can not consecrate -- we can not hallow -- this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us -- that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion -- that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain -- that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom -- and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
60. SCAUTI_160714_314.JPG: Pendentives and Cyclorama The Rotunda was left unfinished for nearly 20 years until the Public Works of Art Project (PWAP) funded art commissions for the Capitol. Utah artist Lee Greene Richards planned and sketched each of the paintings, but the massive project included the work of other Utah artists such as Gordon Cope and Henry Rasmussen. Completed in 1934, the paintings were installed in the Capitol the following year to mark the opening of the Utah Arts Institute annual exhibition. The Pendentives Artist: Lee Greene Richards with assistance from Gordon H. Cope, Waldo P. Midgley, & Harry Rasmussen Date: 1933-1934 Medium: unspecified Dimensions: 14 x 20 feet (each painting) From the French word pendentif, meaning "to hang", pendentives are large, triangular cut-outs of a sphere that support round or elliptical domes. Here at the capitol, the pendentives are home to the largest of the Rotunda paintings. These paintings illustrate the first non-native people known to have explored the territory that would become Utah. Each of these explorations left lasting contributions to Utah's modern geographic and cultural heritage: * Father Escalante Discovers Utah Lake – 1776; * Peter Skene Ogden at Ogden River – 1828; * Fremont First Sees Great Salt Lake – 1843; and * Brigham Young and Pioneers Entering the Valley. The Cyclorama Artist: Lee Greene Richards with assistance from Gordon H. Cope, Waldo P. Midgley, & Harry Rasmussen Date: 1933 – 1934 Medium: unspecified Dimensions: 15 x 20 feet (each painting) These impressive scenes from 19th century Utah life contain more than 100 characters, many of whom are more than ten feet tall. The eight paintings are: * Naming Ensign Peak – 26 July 1847, * Social Gathering in the Old Bowery, * The Gulls Save the Wheat Fields, * Driving the Golden Spike, * Advent of Irrigation by Pioneers, * Peace with the Indians – September 1852, * Pony Express and the Stagecoach, and * General Connor Inaugurates Mining. The above was from https://utahstatecapitol.utah.gov/explore/capitol-art/pendentives-and-cyclorama
61. SCAUTI_160714_316.JPG: The Rotunda Did you know? * The plaster statue seen in the photo above was destroyed by its artist, Cyrus Dallin, while in the Capitol building. He was fulfilling an obligation to Chicago, who had the original bronze statue and had asked that the plaster be temporary. * The chandelier weighs a total of 6,000 lbs: 1,000 lbs for the light fixture and 5,000 lbs for the chain it hangs from. * From floor to ceiling, the inside of the dome reaches 165 feet!
62. SCAUTI_160714_319.JPG: Niche Sculptures Perhaps the most significant additions to the Rotunda since the 2004-2008 restoration are the 11-foot bronze sculpture groups created by artists Eugene Daub, Robert Firmin, and Jonah Hendrickson. The original Capitol Commission report of 1915-1916 included a recommendation from artists of the era that when budgets allowed for additional art in and on the building, themes were to be classical allegorical. The new sculptures feature an adult figure in each niche who mentors a youthful companion. They are collectively called by their sculptors "The Great Utahns." Arts and Education This composition focuses on artistic and intellectual development in Utah. The adult muse offers educational guidance to the child, who represents the youth of Utah. The muse cradles a lyre, an ancient symbol of music and poetry. The young girl peers into a book of names of great authors of the Western world. The book, titled Literature, features a picture of a gryphon. A scroll of sheet music extends over the front of the base and offers the girl her next learning opportunity. The girl holds an aulos, an ancient Greek flute. The unfinished wreath in her right hand symbolizes yet unrealized potential. The two large volumes lying at the girl's feet represent the unlimited knowledge and stimulation available to those who read for sustenance. The lower book, titled Civilization, metaphorically contains all human knowledge. The top book is open to a list of fundamental categories of inquiry. Science and Technology This composition, based on the symbiotic relationship of science and technology, reminds us of the importance of past, present, and future scientific and technological growth in Utah. Science is the adult mentor in this sculpture, as science ultimately provides for the development of technology with its most basic knowledge. Science inspires the curious youth, technology, with the spirit of discovery. The symbols of innovation used in the sculpture were selected for their universal and timeless recognition. Science's telescope is similar to the kind Galileo would have used. The young Technology is seen with a wheel, derived from ancient Greek chariot designs; an aqueduct of the type commonly found in ancient Rome; and a compass, his design instrument. Immigration and Settlement This sculpture symbolizes the value of welcoming new Utah citizens from all backgrounds. Blowing from the past, a breeze moves the adult spirit's robes toward the future of Utah. She leads the next generation, represented by a small girl holding the Earth. The spirit barely touches the girl's shoulder, providing loving encouragement but leaving the girl to decide for herself whether she will settle in Utah. The hollow globe suggests that the weight of the Earth's troubles should not deter future generations from finding a place to freely develop and express their ideas. Utah and the Great Salt Lake appear on the globe in the direction toward which the girl is walking, and she marches into the future filled with excitement, trust, and expectation. Land and Community This composition is unique among the niche sculptures, as the youth is represented by a Rocky Mountain elk calf. The healthy calf pauses on a mountainside, watched over by the spirit of an older man, the symbol of wisdom in the community. The man carries a beehive, the state's unique symbol for industrious living. The interaction of the two figures beside an aspen tree on a mountainside reminds us of the heavy responsibility that Utah's community carries as steward of the land. The composition suggests that a community filled with the strength of industry and wisdom will be up to the task. The above was from https://utahstatecapitol.utah.gov/explore/capitol-art/niche-sculptures
63. SCAUTI_160714_321.JPG: Arts and Education This composition focuses on artistic and intellectual development in Utah. The adult muse offers educational guidance to the child, who represents the youth of Utah. The muse cradles a lyre, an ancient symbol of music and poetry. The young girl peers into a book of names of great authors of the Western world. The book, titled Literature, features a picture of a gryphon. A scroll of sheet music extends over the front of the base and offers the girl her next learning opportunity. The girl holds an aulos, an ancient Greek flute. The unfinished wreath in her right hand symbolizes yet unrealized potential. The two large volumes lying at the girl's feet represent the unlimited knowledge and stimulation available to those who read for sustenance. The lower book, titled Civilization, metaphorically contains all human knowledge. The top book is open to a list of fundamental categories of inquiry.
64. SCAUTI_160714_326.JPG: Immigration and Settlement This sculpture symbolizes the value of welcoming new Utah citizens from all backgrounds. Blowing from the past, a breeze moves the adult spirit's robes toward the future of Utah. She leads the next generation, represented by a small girl holding the Earth. The spirit barely touches the girl's shoulder, providing loving encouragement but leaving the girl to decide for herself whether she will settle in Utah. The hollow globe suggests that the weight of the Earth's troubles should not deter future generations from finding a place to freely develop and express their ideas. Utah and the Great Salt Lake appear on the globe in the direction toward which the girl is walking, and she marches into the future filled with excitement, trust, and expectation.
65. SCAUTI_160714_327.JPG: (c) 2007 Eugene Daub Rob Firmin Jonah Hendrickson
66. SCAUTI_160714_338.JPG: Science and Technology This composition, based on the symbiotic relationship of science and technology, reminds us of the importance of past, present, and future scientific and technological growth in Utah. Science is the adult mentor in this sculpture, as science ultimately provides for the development of technology with its most basic knowledge. Science inspires the curious youth, technology, with the spirit of discovery. The symbols of innovation used in the sculpture were selected for their universal and timeless recognition. Science's telescope is similar to the kind Galileo would have used. The young Technology is seen with a wheel, derived from ancient Greek chariot designs; an aqueduct of the type commonly found in ancient Rome; and a compass, his design instrument.
67. SCAUTI_160714_341.JPG: Land and Community This composition is unique among the niche sculptures, as the youth is represented by a Rocky Mountain elk calf. The healthy calf pauses on a mountainside, watched over by the spirit of an older man, the symbol of wisdom in the community. The man carries a beehive, the state's unique symbol for industrious living. The interaction of the two figures beside an aspen tree on a mountainside reminds us of the heavy responsibility that Utah's community carries as steward of the land. The composition suggests that a community filled with the strength of industry and wisdom will be up to the task.
68. SCAUTI_160714_345.JPG: (c) 2007 Eugene Daub Rob Firmin Jonah Hendrickson
69. SCAUTI_160714_346.JPG: Father Escalante Discovers Utah Lake – 1776
70. SCAUTI_160714_350.JPG: Brigham Young and Pioneers Entering the Valley
71. SCAUTI_160714_353.JPG: Peter Skene Ogden at Ogden River – 1828
72. SCAUTI_160714_356.JPG: Fremont First Sees Great Salt Lake – 1843
73. SCAUTI_160714_372.JPG: The Passing of the Wagons Artist: Gilbert White and Girard Hale Date: 1917 Medium: Oil on canvas on plaster Dimensions: 18 x 35 feet Two of the first commissioned artworks in the Capitol were installed in the lunettes, at the ends of the atrium vaults. They were painted by Girard Hale, of Utah, and Gilbert White, of New York. The west mural, The Passing of the Wagons, depicts the arrival of the pioneers in the Great Salt Lake Valley. It depicts the valley as first seen by pioneers in July 1847. The east mural, Madonna of the Covered Wagon, depicts a desert turned lush by irrigation and families establishing their new homes. The above was from https://utahstatecapitol.utah.gov/explore/capitol-art/east-and-west-lunettes
74. SCAUTI_160714_375.JPG: The House of Representatives: * The "X"s below the artworks are bands holding together a large laurel wreath. The laurel wreath represents the unity of the people of Utah. * The stars inside the "U"s on the railings are representative of Utah being the right place for those who settled here, as well as a symbol for the consistency of the north star. * There are 14 lion heads inside the chamber. Lions are symbolic of authority, courage, wisdom, justice, and perfection.
75. SCAUTI_160714_378.JPG: Dream of Brigham Young House Chamber Murals The first two House murals were painted by two New York artists. The east cove features Alonzo Earl Foringer's Jim Bridger and the Discovery of the Great Salt Lake. Italian immigrant Vincent Aderente's mural, called Dream of Brigham Young, is in the west cove. During the Capitol renovation, Utah painter David Koch was commissioned to interpret historic events for two new murals in the Chamber: woman gain the right to vote in the Utah Territory in 1870 (represented by Seraph Young casting a ballot); and the Engen brothers build their first ski jump, a signal that outdoor recreation would replace mining as the primary economic engine of the state. The above was from https://utahstatecapitol.utah.gov/explore/capitol-art/house-chamber-murals
76. SCAUTI_160714_381.JPG: Seraph Young Votes
77. SCAUTI_160714_385.JPG: Engen Brothers Bring Skiing to Utah
78. SCAUTI_160714_418.JPG: Naming of Ensign Peak – 26 July 1947
79. SCAUTI_160714_421.JPG: Social Gathering in the Old Bowery
80. SCAUTI_160714_424.JPG: Gulls Save the Wheat Fields
81. SCAUTI_160714_427.JPG: General Connor Inaugurates Mining
82. SCAUTI_160714_433.JPG: The Senate Did you know? * Utah has 29 senators and 29 counties but due to varying county populations, each senator represents a district with roughly equal population rather than a specific county. * While the House of Representatives upgraded their space with voting technology, the Senate chose to keep the original roll call voting system. * Utah had the first female state senator in the United States: Dr. Martha Hughes Cannon, who was elected in 1896.
83. SCAUTI_160714_443.JPG: Ancestral Home Senate Chamber Murals The Senate chamber features three murals, one commissioned as part of the original building decoration and two recently completed. The north wall features a landscape by A.B. Wright and Lee Greene Richards showing central Utah's largest lake. Keith Bond of Logan, Utah, was commissioned in 2006 to paint a landscape of northern Utah, Orchards along the Foothills, and of the stunning red rocks and ancient ruins of the southern Utah desert, Ancestral Home. The above from https://utahstatecapitol.utah.gov/explore/capitol-art/senate-chamber-murals
84. SCAUTI_160714_448.JPG: Orchard Along the Foothills
85. SCAUTI_160714_464.JPG: Philo T. Farnsworth Artist: James Avati Date: n.d. Medium: Bronze Dimensions: unspecified Collection: Capitol Collection Location: fourth floor Born in Beaver, Utah, Philo Farnsworth was an inventor. He is credited with developing the first completely electric television, as well as an all-electronic image pickup device, referred to as a video camera tube. Later in his life, he invented a nuclear fusion device that was very influential in the world of nuclear energy.
86. SCAUTI_160714_466.JPG: The Supreme Court Chamber Did you know? * At first, Utah's Supreme Court had only three justices. In 1917, the total was increased to five to match the population growth. * The Bar, an exam that all lawyers must pass to practice law, derives from the actual barrier used to separate the general seating area from the lawyers, judges, and clerks. * The Scales of Justice and Mercy that flank the north and south sides of the room symbolize the balance that the court must keep between those two ideals.
87. SCAUTI_160714_472.JPG: Peace with the Indians – September 1852
88. SCAUTI_160714_475.JPG: Advent of Irrigation by Pioneers
89. SCAUTI_160714_479.JPG: Driving the Golden Spike
90. SCAUTI_160714_482.JPG: Pony Express and the Stagecoach
91. SCAUTI_160714_485.JPG: The Public Works of Art Project 1933-1935 This project was authorized by the Civil Works Administration, December 1933, to employ artists on public works of art. Edward Bruce said "This is the greatest opportunity that the artists of this or any other country have ever had to show their metal. It is a call to them to make good and prove that they have something worth while to say. It is an opportunity to sell themselves to the country and I known they will answer the challenge."
92. SCAUTI_160714_503.JPG: David Abbott (Ab) Jenkins Artist: Jerry Anderson Date: n.d. Medium: Bronze Dimensions: unspecified Ab Jenkins set the world speed record on Utah's very own Bonneville Salt Flats. He raced his Duesenberg Mormon Meteor across the flats, reaching a speed of 161.18 mph. He also served as Mayor of Salt Lake City from 1940-1944. The bronze bust sculpted by Jerry Anderson is located in the southwest gallery on the fourth floor of the Capitol.
93. SCAUTI_160714_508.JPG: DAVID ABBOTT (AB) JENKINS He set numerous world's unlimited automobile records on Utah's Salt Flats during 1932-1956. Many of them were with MORMON METEOR III. Ab Jenkins was born in Spanish Fork, Utah, on 25 January 1883, son of Welsh immigrants. He was Mayor of Salt Lake City 1940 - 1943. He died 9 August 1956. This bust of Ab Jenkins was sculpted by Jerry Anderson, Leeds, Utah, and has been provided by AMERICAN CANCER SOCIETY. Bust of Ab Jenkins and New Display of Mormon Meteor III dedicated by Bishop David Abbott (Ab) Jenkins II under auspices of Sons of Utah Pioneers with welcome by Governor Michael O Leavitt 21 October 1993 Utah State Capitol
94. SCAUTI_160714_515.JPG: Maurice Warshaw Artist: Avard Fairbanks Date: n.d. Medium: Bronze Dimensions: unspecified Maurice Warshaw was born to a Jewish family in Ukraine in 1898. Due to the heavy persecution of Jewish people in Ukraine, he and his family relocated to the United States. At age 14, he moved to a Jewish community located near Gunnison, Utah, and eventually made his way to Salt Lake City. He is remembered for his work as an entrepreneur, philanthropist, and humanitarian.
95. SCAUTI_160714_518.JPG: MAURICE WARSHAW 1898 - 1979 Pioneer in the development of super markets and founder of the Grand Central Stores. Internationally renowned as a great philanthropist in giving of both his time & money in the helping of world-wide organizations for the handicapped and underprivileged. Great humanitarian and benefactor of the arts and sciences Presented by Inez Warshaw (his wife) and his family. October 1980
96. SCAUTI_160714_527.JPG: The Passing of the Wagons
97. SCAUTI_160714_533.JPG: Gilbert White Girard Hale 1917
98. SCAUTI_160714_535.JPG: Emmeline B. Wells Artist: Cyrus E. Dallin Date: n.d. Medium: Marble Dimensions: 25 x 23 x 21 inches Emmeline B. Wells was born in New England in 1828. As a young woman, she joined the LDS Church and moved to Nauvoo. In 1848, she crossed the plains with Mormon pioneers to live in Salt Lake. Emmeline Wells is now remembered for her work as a journalist, a poet, and a women's rights advocate. She was very influential in bringing women the right to vote.
99. SCAUTI_160714_550.JPG: Simon Bamberger Artist: Torleif S. Knaphus Date: n.d. Medium: Bronze Dimensions: 26 x 22 x 14 inches Simon Bamberger was the fourth governor of Utah (1917-1921), as well as the first Jewish governor and the first Democratic governor of the State. He was Governor during the Progressive Era and led many political and social reforms -- such as the establishment of a public utilities commission, the Department of Health, and Prohibition -- and he pushed for improved roads, rails, and public utilities.
100. SCAUTI_160714_557.JPG: Utah Lake (in Senate Chamber)
101. SCAUTI_160714_564.JPG: Orchard Along the Foothills
102. SCAUTI_160714_567.JPG: Ancestral Home
103. SCAUTI_160714_578.JPG: Abraham Lincoln Artist: Gilbert Riswold Date: n.d. Medium: Bronze Dimensions: 22 x 12 x 13 inches Abraham Lincoln was the 16th President of the United States. The artist of this bronze was also a renowned sculptor who maintain his studio in Utah for a portion of his career. Riswold also sculpted the Mormon Battalion Monument on the Capitol lawn, the sphinxes at the entrance to the Masonic temple in Salt Lake City, the columns at the entry gate of Memory Grove Park in Salt Lake City, and more.
104. SCAUTI_160714_582.JPG: The American Monarch December 18, 2013 – March 14, 2014 A classic portrait of a North American bison, Edward J. Fraughton's sculpture depicts the majesty of the nation's most notable range mammal. The original motivation for its creation was to propose placing a pair of bison (commonly known as buffalo) on the staircase plinths to guard the West entrance of the Utah State Capitol. A pair of elk, the state animal, was envisioned to face the mountains and guard the East entrance.
105. SCAUTI_160714_598.JPG: Brigadier General Richard W. Young Artist: Earl Melvin Cummings Date: n.d. Medium: Bronze Dimensions: 20 x 21 x 11 inches A grandson of Brigham Young, Richard was a teacher, and he was educated at the U.S. Military Academy and Colombia Law School. He worked as a prominent business lawyer in Utah, but his legal practice was interrupted twice by war. He organized the Armed Forces of Utah for the Spanish-American War and World War I. From 1899 to 1901, following the Spanish-American War, he served as a Supreme Court Justice in the Philippine Islands.
106. SCAUTI_160714_620.JPG: M. Workman
107. SCAUTI_160714_628.JPG: Unca Sam Artist: Millard F. Malin Date: n.d. Medium: Bronze Dimensions: 19 x 12.5 x 9.5 inches Unca Sam was a Ute Indian, a hunter, and a fur trader. He was a member of a peace mission sent to Washington, D.C., to negotiate with the U.S. government after the Meeker Massacre in Colorado in 1879. This marble statue, created by Millard Malin, sits in the southeast gallery on the fourth floor of the Capitol.
108. SCAUTI_160714_633.JPG: Chief John Duncan Artist: Millard F. Malin Date: n.d. Medium: Bronze Dimensions: 22 x 13 x 12 inches This marble bust was created by Millard Malin in memory of Chief John Duncan, a Ute Indian of considerable influence. He served as a liaison between various Native American tribes and the Bureau of Indian Affairs in Washington, D.C., after the Civil War. This bust can be found on the fourth floor of the Capitol in the southeast gallery.
109. SCAUTI_160714_677.JPG: Philo T. Farnsworth Artist: James Avati Date: n.d. Medium: Bronze Dimensions: unspecified Collection: Capitol Collection Location: fourth floor Born in Beaver, Utah, Philo Farnsworth was an inventor. He is credited with developing the first completely electric television, as well as an all-electronic image pickup device, referred to as a video camera tube. Later in his life, he invented a nuclear fusion device that was very influential in the world of nuclear energy.
110. SCAUTI_160714_681.JPG: Philo T. Farnsworth "Father of Television" UTAH
111. SCAUTI_160714_695.JPG: Brigham Young Artist: Kraig Varner Date: 1993 Medium: Bronze Dimensions: unspecified In 1851, U.S. President Millard Fillmore appointed Brigham Young as the first governor of the Utah Territory. This monumental bronze statue of Brigham Young was sculpted by Utah artist Kraig Varner. Varner chose a young, striding likeness of the civic leader, church president, and regional colonizer. In the larger-than-life portrait, Varner captures the personality of the man historians often refer to as the "American Moses."
112. SCAUTI_160714_698.JPG: BRIGHAM YOUNG When he died August 29, 1877, Brigham Young was the leader of a Commonwealth centered in Salt Lake City, Utah, of 350 towns and cities in what had been a desert 30 years before. He was loved and sustained as a Prophet by more than 100,000 members of the Latter-day Saint Church founded only 47 years before. He later came to be called the greatest colonizer of the American West, "The American Moses". Born June 1, 1801, in Whittingham, Vermont, and raised on a series of frontier homesteads in western New York, Brigham Young had little formal schooling. He educated himself and became a skilled and respected carpenter, cabinetmaker and glazier in Albany, and then Mendon, New York. In 1830 he read the Book of Mormon just after it was published in nearby Palmyra, New York. After two years of careful investigation he joined the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and devoted himself to missionary work and loyal support of its founder, Joseph Smith. In 1835 he was chosen as one of the Church's first group of twelve apostles and was sent on many missions, including a year (1840) in Great Britain, where he supervised successful preaching and church organization and then emigration of converts to America. After Joseph Smith was killed by a mob in Illinois in 1844, Brigham Young led the Latter-day Saints (Mormons) in the great exodus to Utah. He is best known as an energetic and judicious leader. He was President of the Church for nearly 30 years; Governor of the Utah Territory and Superintendent of Indian Affairs from 1851-1857; a builder of railroads, theaters, temples and industries. He was also a powerful and witty orator and a deeply spiritual man who said he saw the Salt Lake valley in a vision before he was able to announce, "This is the right place." Brigham Young always fostered education -- encouraging learning societies and schools in pioneer Utah, and in 1875, founded the Academy that became Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah. He wrote, "Education is the power to think clearly, to act well in the day's work, and to appreciate life."
113. SCAUTI_160714_702.JPG: Prophet * Statesman * Pioneer
114. SCAUTI_160714_709.JPG: Brigham Young In 1992, the Utah State Legislature and governor concurred in a resolution urging that a statue of Brigham Young be placed in the Utah State Capitol. Eighteen commission members were appointed by the governor to carry out the project. The commission began work in September of 1992, eager to insure that this statue capture the greatness, energy, drive and dedication of the man who led the Mormon pioneers to this valley and organized the settling of the intermountain west. The commission voted unanimously to approve the model submitted by Utah sculpture Kraig Varner. All agreed that it reflected the strength, determination, and extraordinary vision of Brigham Young.
115. SCAUTI_160715_065.JPG: Governor's Office
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Wikipedia Description: Utah State Capitol
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Utah State Capitol is located on Capitol Hill, overlooking downtown Salt Lake City, Utah. It is the home of the Utah State Legislature, the Governor of Utah, Lieutenant Governor of Utah, the Utah Attorney General, the Utah State Treasurer, and the Utah State Auditor.

Construction on the capitol began on December 26, 1912 and was dedicated on October 9, 1916. The building is 404 feet (123 m) long, 240 feet (73 m) wide, and is capped by a dome that reaches 286 feet (87 m). The granite used was quarried in Little Cottonwood Canyon, and the dome is covered in copper mined in Utah. The original construction cost was $2,739,538.00. In 2004 the capitol closed for an extensive restoration and seismic upgrade. The capitol was rededicated on January 4, 2008, and was opened to the public the next day.

The building is the centerpiece of a 40 acre plot which also includes a Vietnam War memorial and a monument dedicated to the Mormon Battalion. The renovations added a new plaza, a reflecting pool, and two office buildings, as well as underground parking. The grounds feature plants, shrubs, and trees native to Utah, as well as stunning views of Salt Lake City and the Wasatch Front.

The interior has three floors plus a former basement level which now hold base isolators meant to make the building more resistant to earthquakes. The captiol is decorated with many paintings and sculptues of Utah's history and heritage, including statues of Brigham Young, first territorial governor, and Philo T. Farnsworth, Utah native and inventor of television. The floors are made of marble from Georgia. Twenty-four Ionic columns line the central hall connecting the two wings on either side of the dome, each of which weighs about 25,000 lb. A chandelier weighing 6,000 lb hangs from the rotunda of the central dome. The chain supporting it weighs an additional 7,000 lb.

Utah Territorial Statehouse in Filmore was the territory' ...More...
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2016 photos: Equipment this year: I continued to use my Fuji XS-1 cameras but, depending on the event, I also used a Nikon D7000. Seven relatively short trips this year: two Civil War Trust conference (Gettysburg, PA and West Point, NY, with a side-trip to New York City), my 11th consecutive San Diego Comic-Con trip (including sites in Utah, Nevada, and California), a quick trip to Michigan for Uncle Wayne's funeral, two additional trips to New York City, and a Civil Rights site trip to Alabama during the November elections. Being in places where people died to preserve the rights of minority voters made the Trumputin election even more depressing. Number of photos taken this year: just over 610,000.
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