BGuthrie Photos: NY -- NYC -- Federal Hall Natl Memorial (26 Wall Street)

NY -- NYC -- Federal Hall Natl Memorial (26 Wall Street):

Bruce Guthrie Photos Home Page: [Click here] to go to Bruce Guthrie Photos home page.

Recognize anyone? If you recognize specific folks (or other stuff) and I haven't labeled them, please identify them for the world. Click the little pencil icon

underneath the file name (just above the picture). Spammers need not apply.

Copyrights: All pictures were taken by amateur photographer Bruce Guthrie (me!) who retains copyright on them. Free for non-commercial use with attribution. See the [Creative Commons] definition of what this means. "Photos (c) Bruce Guthrie" is fine for attribution. (Commercial use folks including AI scrapers can of course contact me.) Feel free to use in publications and pages with attribution but you don't have permission to sell the photos themselves. A free copy of any printed publication using any photographs is requested. Descriptive text, if any, is from a mixture of sources, quite frequently from signs at the location or from official web sites; copyrights, if any, are retained by their original owners.

Accessing as Spider: The system has identified your IP as being a spider.
IP Address: 3.135.195.249 -- Domain: Amazon Technologies
I love well-behaved spiders! They are, in fact, how most people find my site. Unfortunately, my network has a limited bandwidth and pictures take up bandwidth. Spiders ask for lots and lots of pages and chew up lots and lots of bandwidth which slows things down considerably for regular folk. To counter this, you'll see all the text on the page but the images are being suppressed. Also, some system options like merges are being blocked for you.
Note: Permission is NOT granted for spiders, robots, etc to use the site for AI-generation purposes. I'm sure you're thrilled by your ability to make revenue from my work but there's nothing in that for my human users or for me.
If you are in fact human, please email me at guthrie.bruce@gmail.com and I can check if your designation was made in error. Given your number of hits, that's unlikely but what the hell.

Help? The Medium (Email) links are for screen viewing and emailing. You'll want bigger sizes for printing. [Click here for additional help]

[1] FEDH_161004_001_STITCH.JPG

[2] FEDH_161004_004_STITCH.JPG

[3] FEDH_161004_005_STITCH.JPG

[4] FEDH_161004_007.JPG	[5] FEDH_161004_009.JPG	[6] FEDH_161004_010.JPG
[7] FEDH_161004_013.JPG	[8] FEDH_161004_017.JPG	[9] FEDH_161004_027.JPG
[10] FEDH_161004_030.JPG	[11] FEDH_161004_035.JPG	[12] FEDH_161004_039.JPG
[13] FEDH_161004_042.JPG	[14] FEDH_161004_046.JPG	[15] FEDH_161004_048.JPG
[16] FEDH_161004_056.JPG	[17] FEDH_161004_058.JPG	[18] FEDH_161004_059.JPG
[19] FEDH_161004_065.JPG	[20] FEDH_161004_068.JPG	[21] FEDH_161004_070.JPG
[22] FEDH_161004_071.JPG	[23] FEDH_161004_074.JPG	[24] FEDH_161004_076.JPG
[25] FEDH_161004_079.JPG	[26] FEDH_161004_081.JPG	[27] FEDH_161004_083.JPG
[28] FEDH_161004_085.JPG	[29] FEDH_161004_089.JPG	[30] FEDH_161004_092.JPG
[31] FEDH_161004_095.JPG	[32] FEDH_161004_098.JPG	[33] FEDH_161004_100.JPG
[34] FEDH_161004_104.JPG	[35] FEDH_161004_106.JPG	[36] FEDH_161004_107.JPG
[37] FEDH_161004_108.JPG	[38] FEDH_161004_111.JPG	[39] FEDH_161004_114.JPG
[40] FEDH_161004_117.JPG	[41] FEDH_161004_123.JPG	[42] FEDH_161004_128.JPG
[43] FEDH_161004_130.JPG	[44] FEDH_161004_133.JPG	[45] FEDH_161004_141.JPG
[46] FEDH_161004_145.JPG	[47] FEDH_161004_147.JPG	[48] FEDH_161004_150.JPG
[49] FEDH_161004_153.JPG	[50] FEDH_161004_155.JPG	[51] FEDH_161004_159.JPG
[52] FEDH_161004_163.JPG	[53] FEDH_161004_166.JPG	[54] FEDH_161004_168.JPG
[55] FEDH_161004_174.JPG	[56] FEDH_161004_177.JPG	[57] FEDH_161004_180.JPG
[58] FEDH_161004_183.JPG	[59] FEDH_161004_186.JPG	[60] FEDH_161004_187.JPG
[61] FEDH_161004_188.JPG	[62] FEDH_161004_194.JPG	[63] FEDH_161004_197.JPG
[64] FEDH_161004_200.JPG	[65] FEDH_161004_203.JPG	[66] FEDH_161004_206.JPG
[67] FEDH_161004_210.JPG	[68] FEDH_161004_213.JPG	[69] FEDH_161004_216.JPG
[70] FEDH_161004_219.JPG	[71] FEDH_161004_223.JPG	[72] FEDH_161004_229.JPG
[73] FEDH_161004_233.JPG	[74] FEDH_161004_236.JPG	[75] FEDH_161004_238.JPG
[76] FEDH_161004_241.JPG	[77] FEDH_161004_243.JPG	[78] FEDH_161004_246.JPG
[79] FEDH_161004_247.JPG	[80] FEDH_161004_249.JPG	[81] FEDH_161004_252.JPG
[82] FEDH_161004_253.JPG	[83] FEDH_161004_256.JPG	[84] FEDH_161004_259.JPG
[85] FEDH_161004_263.JPG	[86] FEDH_161004_269.JPG	[87] FEDH_161004_271.JPG
[88] FEDH_161004_275.JPG	[89] FEDH_161004_277.JPG	[90] FEDH_161004_279.JPG
[91] FEDH_161004_280.JPG	[92] FEDH_161004_282.JPG	[93] FEDH_161004_285.JPG
[94] FEDH_161004_287.JPG	[95] FEDH_161004_290.JPG	[96] FEDH_161004_292.JPG
[97] FEDH_161004_296.JPG	[98] FEDH_161004_299.JPG	[99] FEDH_161004_306.JPG
[100] FEDH_161004_307.JPG	[101] FEDH_161004_311.JPG	[102] FEDH_161004_314.JPG
[103] FEDH_161004_317.JPG	[104] FEDH_161004_320.JPG	[105] FEDH_161004_323.JPG
[106] FEDH_161004_326.JPG	[107] FEDH_161004_328.JPG	[108] FEDH_161004_333.JPG
[109] FEDH_161004_335.JPG	[110] FEDH_161004_338.JPG	[111] FEDH_161004_340.JPG
[112] FEDH_161004_344.JPG	[113] FEDH_161004_345.JPG	[114] FEDH_161004_348.JPG
[115] FEDH_161004_350.JPG	[116] FEDH_161004_352.JPG	[117] FEDH_161004_354.JPG
[118] FEDH_161004_357.JPG	[119] FEDH_161004_360.JPG	[120] FEDH_161004_362.JPG
[121] FEDH_161004_364.JPG	[122] FEDH_161004_367.JPG	[123] FEDH_161004_371.JPG
[124] FEDH_161004_372.JPG	[125] FEDH_161004_375.JPG	[126] FEDH_161004_377.JPG
[127] FEDH_161004_380.JPG	[128] FEDH_161004_385.JPG	[129] FEDH_161004_388.JPG
[130] FEDH_161004_391.JPG	[131] FEDH_161004_395.JPG	[132] FEDH_161004_397.JPG
[133] FEDH_161004_400.JPG	[134] FEDH_161004_404.JPG	[135] FEDH_161004_409.JPG
[136] FEDH_161004_412.JPG	[137] FEDH_161004_415.JPG	[138] FEDH_161004_417.JPG
[139] FEDH_161004_419.JPG	[140] FEDH_161004_423.JPG	[141] FEDH_161004_426.JPG
[142] FEDH_161004_433.JPG	[143] FEDH_161004_434.JPG	[144] FEDH_161004_439.JPG

Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. FEDH_161004_007.JPG: This Place Matters Landmark Zenger Trial Check it Out * Statehood
2. FEDH_161004_009.JPG: Federal Hall The birthplace of American Government This Place Matters
3. FEDH_161004_017.JPG: A Grand Public Building
4. FEDH_161004_027.JPG: United States Sub-Treasury 1862-1920
5. FEDH_161004_035.JPG: United States Custom House 1842-1862
6. FEDH_161004_048.JPG: Building on this Site
7. FEDH_161004_058.JPG: Replica of George Washington's Presidential Desk
8. FEDH_161004_059.JPG: "Inauguration of George Washington as a first president of the United States, at Federal Hall in New York City, April 30, 1789" by Ramon de Elorriaga, c 1889 Washington places his hand on the bible held y James Otis, Secretary of the Senate, to take the inaugural oath. Chancellor Robert R. Livingston of the New York Supreme Court administers the oath. Other figures represent Vice President John Adams, General Henry Knox, Representative Roger Sherman, and Major Generals St. Clair and Steuben. This painting is thought to accurately depict the balcony of Federal Hall and other buildings on Wall Street.
9. FEDH_161004_070.JPG: William Hindley
10. FEDH_161004_071.JPG: A Peaceful Revolution
11. FEDH_161004_074.JPG: On this Site: Federal Hall (1789-1812)
12. FEDH_161004_079.JPG: A Peaceful Revolution
13. FEDH_161004_089.JPG: Forming the Nation's Political Identity
14. FEDH_161004_098.JPG: Marching to Federal Hall
15. FEDH_161004_104.JPG: Excerpts from George Washington's Inaugural Address to Congress
16. FEDH_161004_108.JPG: Greeting at Trenton
17. FEDH_161004_111.JPG: Address to Congress
18. FEDH_161004_114.JPG: Formal Introductions
19. FEDH_161004_117.JPG: The Inauguration of George Washington
20. FEDH_161004_123.JPG: The Solemn Oath
21. FEDH_161004_133.JPG: Bible used by George Washington during his Inauguration at Federal Hall in 1789. Printed in 1767, it has also been used during the Inaugurations of President Harding in 1921, President Eisenhower in 1953, President Jimmy Carter in 1977, and President George Bush Sr. in 1989. The Bible is owned by St. John's Lodge No. 1 and is on loan to the National Park Service.
22. FEDH_161004_145.JPG: First Inaugural Day April 30, 1789 Standing on this stone in the balcony of Federal Hall April 30, 1789 George Washington took the oath as the first president of the United States of America
23. FEDH_161004_147.JPG: Custom House/Sub-Treasury A Commercial Capitol 1842-1929
24. FEDH_161004_150.JPG: Custom House 1842-1862 Sub-Treasury 1862-1920
25. FEDH_161004_153.JPG: Federal Hall 1789-1790
26. FEDH_161004_163.JPG: City Hall 1703-1788
27. FEDH_161004_168.JPG: City Hall: A Provincial Capitol 1703-1788
28. FEDH_161004_177.JPG: Peter Zenger's Newspaper
29. FEDH_161004_183.JPG: Events on this Site
30. FEDH_161004_188.JPG: Defense of Free Press The Burning of the Journals
31. FEDH_161004_210.JPG: Before There Was a "United States"
32. FEDH_161004_213.JPG: American Independence
33. FEDH_161004_216.JPG: Financial Center
34. FEDH_161004_219.JPG: George Washington
35. FEDH_161004_223.JPG: Martha Washington wore this mourning ring after George Washington's death. The Federal Hall collection also includes pieces of the mourning dress that she wore, as well as this commemorative plate.
36. FEDH_161004_233.JPG: A Symbolic Place
37. FEDH_161004_238.JPG: Congress and the Bill of Rights
38. FEDH_161004_241.JPG: The Bill of Rights
39. FEDH_161004_243.JPG: Standing With Our Community
40. FEDH_161004_247.JPG: It All Began With the Harbor
41. FEDH_161004_249.JPG: Watch Out For, Well, Everything!
42. FEDH_161004_252.JPG: Alexander Hamilton
43. FEDH_161004_256.JPG: Concentration of Economic Power
44. FEDH_161004_259.JPG: This commemorative pin, from May 2006, celebrates Floyd Bennett Field's 75th anniversary as a landmark of aviation.
45. FEDH_161004_269.JPG: The Life of an Army Brat
46. FEDH_161004_271.JPG: Aviation
47. FEDH_161004_279.JPG: Lighthouses
48. FEDH_161004_282.JPG: An Interdependent Natural System
49. FEDH_161004_285.JPG: Estuaries Are Full of... ... Life!
50. FEDH_161004_287.JPG: Vanishing Habitat
51. FEDH_161004_290.JPG: Natural Resources Stewardship
52. FEDH_161004_296.JPG: The King Needs Your Help
53. FEDH_161004_299.JPG: The Ecosystem and the Community
54. FEDH_161004_307.JPG: This 10-inch projectile was recovered from the dunes of Sandy Hook during an unexploded ordnance sweep in 1998. Between 1874 and 1919, the US Army test-fired new artillery guns at the Sandy Hook Proving Ground before shipping them to be placed at coastal defense forts throughout America.
55. FEDH_161004_311.JPG: Defending Freedom
56. FEDH_161004_314.JPG: Geometry and Physics Matter
57. FEDH_161004_317.JPG: "Beans, Beans, Beans, and No End to Them!"
58. FEDH_161004_320.JPG: The Changing Nature of Defense
59. FEDH_161004_323.JPG: George Washington's Military Waistcoat Buttons
60. FEDH_161004_326.JPG: Now on the Front Lines!
61. FEDH_161004_333.JPG: Lives of Service
62. FEDH_161004_335.JPG: Before There Was a "New York"
63. FEDH_161004_338.JPG: Spreekt u Nederlands?
64. FEDH_161004_340.JPG: New York and Independence
65. FEDH_161004_345.JPG: African Burial Ground
66. FEDH_161004_348.JPG: Castle Garden and Ellis Island
67. FEDH_161004_350.JPG: Stairs of Separation
68. FEDH_161004_354.JPG: Making a New Life
69. FEDH_161004_357.JPG: The Lower East Side Tenement Museum
70. FEDH_161004_360.JPG: This laundry ticket was found in mailbox #11 in the historic tenement at 97 Orchard Street. Chinese hand launderers peaked at 3,000 in New York City during the 1930s.
71. FEDH_161004_362.JPG: My Name is Victoria Confino
72. FEDH_161004_364.JPG: A Continuing Legacy
73. FEDH_161004_375.JPG: Several parks around New York Harbor are former military posts, such as Fort Wadsworth and Fort Hancock, both part of Gateway National Recreation Area. Family and community were an important of military life. This hobby horse from Fort Jay on Governors Island was for the children whose families moved from base to base as their parents' duty stations changed. Some of these "army brats" have grown up to be Park Rangers, welcoming visitors to their childhood homes.
74. FEDH_161004_377.JPG: Coin Vaults
75. FEDH_161004_423.JPG: On this site in Federal Hall April 30, 1789 George Washington took the oath as the first president of the United States of America
76. FEDH_161004_434.JPG: Ohio Company of Associates On this site the United States in Congress Assembled on the 13th day of July in the year of Our Lord 1787 and of their sovereignty and independence the twelfth enacted an ordinance for the government of the territory northwest of the river Ohio, by which it was dedicated forever to freedom under another ordinance passed here by the same body on the 27th day of the same month. Manasser Cutler acting for the Ohio Company of Associates, an organization of soldiers of the Revolutionary Army, purchased from the Board of Treasury for settlement a portion of the waste and vacant land of the territory on April 7th 1788. Rufus Putnam heading a party of forty eight began the first settlement at Marietta and on July 15th Arthur St. Clair as first governor established civil government in the territory. From these beginnings sprang the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin.
AAA "Gem": AAA considers this location to be a "must see" point of interest. To see pictures of other areas that AAA considers to be Gems, click here.
Wikipedia Description: Federal Hall
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Federal Hall, once located at 26 Wall Street in New York City, was the first capitol of the United States. The building was demolished in the 19th century and replaced by the current structure, the first United States Customs House. The building is now operated by the National Park Service as the Federal Hall National Memorial, a museum that commemorates the earlier structure.

Historic building:

The original structure on the site was built as New York's City Hall in 1700. In 1735, John Peter Zenger, an American newspaper publisher, was arrested for committing libel against the British royal governor and was imprisoned and tried there. His acquittal on the grounds that the material he had printed was true established the freedom of the press as it was later defined in the Bill of Rights.

In October 1765, delegates from nine of the 13 colonies met as the Stamp Act Congress in response to the levying of the Stamp Act by the Parliament of Great Britain. Drawn together for the first time in organized opposition to British policy, the attendees drafted a message to King George III, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons, claiming entitlement to the same rights as the residents of Britain and protesting the colonies' "taxation without representation."

The building was remodelled and enlarged following the American Revolution under the direction of Pierre Charles L'Enfant, who was later selected by President Washington to design the capital city on the Potomac. This was the first example of Federal Style architecture in the United States. It was renamed Federal Hall when it became the first Capitol of the United States under the Constitution in 1789, and was the second Capitol of the United States (after the Maryland State House) since independence and union under the Articles of Confederation. The first United States Congress met there on March 4, 1789, to establish the new federal government, and the first thing they did was count the votes that elected George Washington as the first President of the United States. He was inaugurated in front of the building on April 30, 1789.

Many of the most important legislative actions in the United States occurred with the 1st Congress at Federal Hall. First among these were adoption of the Bill of Rights to the U.S. Constitution; not long after the new federal Constitution was ratified, many Americans began to express their concern for its limited protection of individual liberties. Twelve amendments to the Constitution were initially drafted, ten were agreed upon, and on September 25, 1789, the Bill of Rights was adopted in Federal Hall, establishing the freedoms claimed by the Stamp Act Congress on the same site 24 years earlier. Also, the Judiciary Act of 1789 was enacted in the building which set up the United States Court System, which is still in use today. In addition, The Northwest Ordinance was adopted at Federal Hall which set up what would later become the states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin, but more fundamentally it prohibited slavery in these future states.

In 1809, several city notables, including Clement Clarke Moore, were convened there by the New-York Historical Society to declare Sancte Claus the Patron Saint of Nieuw Amsterdam, New York City's previous name under Dutch rule. Sancte Claus, today's Santa Claus, is the English version of the Dutch Christmas hero Sinter Claus or Saint Nicholas who helped young people in Asia Minor. These notables, including the poet of the famous early Christmas poem, 'A Visit From St. Nicholas,' assembled to create a more unified and peaceful way to celebrate Christmas in a rapidly growing and diverse town.

In 1812 the old New York City Hall, known as Federal Hall, was torn down for $400 worth of scrap. Part of the original railing and balcony floor where Washington was inaugurated are on display in the monument.

Current structure:

In 1790, the United States capital was moved to Philadelphia and what had been Federal Hall once again housed New York City government until 1812, when the building was razed. The current structure, one of the best surviving examples of classical architecture in New York, was built as the country's first Customs House, opening in 1842, and later served as one of six United States Sub-Treasury locations and a Federal Reserve Bank.

Two prominent American ideals are reflected in the building's architecture: The Doric columns of the fa�ade, designed by Ithiel Town and Alexander Jackson Davis, resemble those of the Parthenon and serve as a tribute to Greek democracy; the domed ceiling inside, designed by John Frazee, echoes the Pantheon and the economic might of the Romans.

The current structure is often overshadowed among downtown landmarks by the New York Stock Exchange, which is located diagonally across Wall and Nassau Streets, but the site is one of the most important in the history of the United States and, particularly, the foundation of the United States Government and its democratic institutions. The current building is well-known for the bronze statue of George Washington on its front steps, marking the site where he was inaugurated as US President in the former structure.

In 1920, a bomb was detonated across the street from Federal Hall at 23 Wall Street, in what became known as the Wall Street bombing. 38 people were killed and 400 injured, and 23 Wall was visibly damaged, but Federal Hall received no damage. A famous photograph of the event shows the destruction and effects of the bombing, but also shows the statue of Washington standing stoically in the face of chaos.

Federal Hall National Memorial:

The building was designated as Federal Hall Memorial National Historic Site on May 26, 1939, and redesignated a national memorial on August 11, 1955. As with all historic areas administered by the National Park Service, the memorial was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 1966.

The National Park Services operates Federal Hall as a museum. The museum closed on December 3, 2004 for extensive renovations and reopened in the fall of 2006. Normally its exhibit galleries are open free to the public daily, except national holidays, and guided tours of the site are offered throughout the day. Exhibits include:

* George Washington’s Inauguration Gallery - Including the Bible used to swear his oath of office.
* Freedom of the Press - The imprisonment and trial of John Peter Zenger.
* Journey to Federal Hall - An 8-minute video about the history of Federal Hall.

On September 6, 2002, approximately 300 members of the United States Congress traveled from Washington, D.C. to New York to convene in Federal Hall as a symbolic show of support for the City, still recovering from the September 11, 2001 attacks. Just four blocks from Ground Zero, the meeting was the first by Congress in New York since 1790.

In 2006, Federal Hall opened after a brief closure and a $16 million renovation, mostly to its foundation, after cracks threatening the structure were greatly aggravated by the collapse of the World Trade Center Twin Towers.

As a national monument, the site is open free to the public from 9-5 on week days. It has tourist information about the New York Harbor Area's Federal monuments and parks, and a New York City tourism information center. The gift shop has colonial and early American items for sale.

Cultural references:

* Federal Hall has appeared in several movies as well as Rage Against the Machine's music video for Sleep Now in the Fire featuring Michael Moore.
* In the video game Metal Gear Solid 2: Sons of Liberty, the final scene of the game takes place at Federal Hall, after Arsenal Gear crashes through Manhattan and stops at Federal Hall, damaging the right side of the structure.
Bigger photos? To save server space, the full-sized versions of these images have either not been loaded to the server or have been removed from the server. (Only some pages are loaded with full-sized images and those usually get removed after three months.) I still have them though. If you want me to email them to you, please send an email to guthrie.bruce@gmail.com and I can email them to you, or, depending on the number of images, just repost the page again will the full-sized images.
Connection Not Secure messages? Those warnings you get from your browser about this site not having secure connections worry some people. This means this site does not have SSL installed (the link is http:, not https:). That's bad if you're entering credit card numbers, passwords, or other personal information. But this site doesn't collect any personal information so SSL is not necessary. Life's good!
Photo Contact: [Email Bruce Guthrie].