BGuthrie Photos: NJ -- Trenton -- Old Barracks Museum

NJ -- Trenton -- Old Barracks Museum:

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Copyrights: All pictures were taken by amateur photographer Bruce Guthrie (me!) who retains copyright on them. Free for non-commercial use with attribution. See the [Creative Commons] definition of what this means. "Photos (c) Bruce Guthrie" is fine for attribution. (Commercial use folks including AI scrapers can of course contact me.) Feel free to use in publications and pages with attribution but you don't have permission to sell the photos themselves. A free copy of any printed publication using any photographs is requested. Descriptive text, if any, is from a mixture of sources, quite frequently from signs at the location or from official web sites; copyrights, if any, are retained by their original owners.

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. BARRAC_161003_006.JPG: Women's Heritage Trail Beulah A. Oliphant The Old Barracks is recognized as a National Historic Landmark for its significance as the finest example of colonial barracks in the United States and because of its role in the Battles of Trenton during the Revolutionary War. It is also significant as one of the earliest sites in New Jersey preserved by women. The woman who organized the effort to preserve the Old Barracks was Beulah A. Oliphant, regent and founder of the Captain Jonathan Oliphant Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR). Patriotic organizations like the DAR were founded in the late 19th century to educate new immigrants about U.S. history and to preserve American historic sites. When the southern wing of the Old Barracks was put up for sale in 1899, Beulah Oliphant organized the local DAR to raise funds to purchase the building and preserve its important role in American history. Their efforts were successful, and the building opened as a museum in 1903. The Old Barracks is still operated as a museum and has recognized the important role of women in its preservation through its interpretive exhibits. "Captain Jonathan Oliphant Chapter, Trenton, Mrs. Oliphant, Regent, are working with zeal for the accomplishment of their heart's desire, the purchase of the ‘Barracks'. " -- E.Ellen Batcheller, New Jersey State Regent National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution, American Monthly Magazine, Vol. XVIII, Washington, D.C., June, 1901, No. 6. Annual Reports of State Regents to the Tenth Continental Congress of the National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution in February 1901. Beulah Oliphant organized a local Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR), to save and restore the Old Barracks, a significant historical site with an important role in the Revolutionary War. Because of their integral role as Women in Historic Preservation, Mrs. Oliphant and the DAR are on the New Jersey Women's Heritage Trail. The New Jersey Women's Heritage Trail highlights a collection of historic sites located around the state that represent the significant contributions women made to the history of our state. The Heritage Trail brings to life the vital role of women in New Jersey's past and present.
2. BARRAC_161003_018.JPG: Approximately 9:30 to 10:00 AM, December 26th, 1776 ... temperature in the mid-30's, sleet coming from the Northeast... General Greene's Division, accompanied by General Washington, had reached the upper part of Trenton and had begun enveloping the town from the Northeast and Northwest. As the guns of Hamilton's and Forrest's artillery companies fired South down King (Warren) and Queen (Broad) Streets, a detachment of Hessian artillery under Lt. Englehard, deployed their two, 3 pounder guns on Church Alley (Perry St.), just East of the house of Trenton Mayor, Stacey Potts, where Col. Rall himself had made his headquarters. Having fired about 6 rounds each, with many of their artillery horses shot, and the artillerists being picked off by Pennsylvania rifleman from in and around the nearby houses, they were overrun by Stephen's and Stirling's Brigades. Young Capt. William Washington and Lt. James Monroe were wounded in this action. Figures a gift of the Hon. Peter Inverso Diorama by Michael Bell
3. BARRAC_161003_029.JPG: The Deal The term "Hessian" has become synonymous with "mercenary" which, in turn, has become synonymous with "soldier of fortune." This would imply that the individual soldiers were acting as virtual "free agents" selling their services to the highest bidder. These German "mercenaries" were nothing of the sort. A mercenary is merely a "paid" soldier, as were the soldiers in the British, French and Continental Armies, and as are the soldiers of the United States today. They were soldiers serving their recognized ruler who had made an alliance with another nation. The Landgraves, Margraves, Dukes, and Princes that concluded these treaties with Great Britain may be fairly looked upon as "mercenary" in the pejorative sense, earning a stipend for each soldier they provided, and being compensated for each soldier who was lost or made infirm. Each German soldier provided Great Britain under these treaties was paid the same daily wage as his British counterpart.
4. BARRAC_161003_031.JPG: Germany in 1776 A unified Germany was a product of the 1870s. Germany in the 18th Century was the remnants of the old "Holy Roman Empire" of the Middle Ages, a patchwork of territorial and political units representing as many as 3,000 sovereignties of varying sizes. They included electorates, duchies, bishoprics, the dominions or margraves, landgraves, princes and free cities. About 300 of these were states but, even these were not larger than New England towns, and, often, were made up of several detached parcels of territory. The most typical form of government was a prince or duke, with a court and an army. Aside from sharing a similar "world view," this natural alliance with George III and his "hiring" parts of their armies, held other attractions for these German city-states: * It provided opportunities for their officer corps to gain valuable combat experience. * It allowed these states to maintain their armies without having to pay for them for several years.
5. BARRAC_161003_054.JPG: The March on Trenton "On Christmas Day in '76, Our ragged troops with bayonets fixed, For Trenton marched away." -- A traditional poem Washington crossed the Delaware River in a sleet storm at 4pm on December 25 with 2400 men and 18 guns. He needed a victory. Trenton, an isolated outpost offered an opportunity for success.
6. BARRAC_161003_058.JPG: The Battle of Trenton December 26, 1776 Washington surprises the British at Trenton
7. BARRAC_161003_061.JPG: The Second Battle of Trenton Americans Retake New Jersey After the Battle of Trenton the American forces withdrew to Pennsylvania and the British went to Princeton. On December 28, 1776, the Americans occupied Trenton. The British advanced on January 2, 1777 and are defeated the next day. In 10 days, Washington had beaten the British three times.
8. BARRAC_161003_065.JPG: Hessian Kurzgeweher (Partizan) Germany 1760-1780, Steel Attached to a six to eight foot wooden pole, the kurzgeweher is a pole arm carried by sergeants within the Hessian ranks. This example was found in the 20th century in the bank of Crosswicks Creek near Chesterfield NJ (called Recklestown in the 18th century). From the inscription on the blade, it is known that it came from Berenberg, home of the Von Mirbach Regiment. Soldiers from this regiment passed over Crosswicks Creek on December 27, 1776, as they picked up refugees from the battle of Trenton. This partizan may have been lost by the Feldwebel (first sergeant) whose name may have been Debes.
9. BARRAC_161003_143.JPG: Washington First took command of the American army under the grandparent of this Elm at Cambridge, Mass., July 3, 1775. Raised and presented by Maryland DAR. Marked by New Jersey DAR. This tree is planted as part of the 200th anniversary of the birth of George Washington, 1732-1932. Dogwood planted in 1982 to replace the 1932 Washington Elm which commemorated the 200th anniversary of George Washington's birth. Old Barracks Association. [A smart person would have read the plaque and photographed the tree it refers to but not me! Sigh.]
10. BARRAC_161003_148.JPG: Erected to commemorate that noble spirit of justice displayed by Gen. George Washington after his capture of Trenton in December 1776, in returning to both Whig and Tory alike their personal effects, of which they had been ruthlessly plundered by the British and Hessian Troops after their capture of Fort Washington and during their invasion of the State of New Jersey. The loot was stored in the churches, jail court-house and old barracks, which buildings had been used as quarters by the foreign troops. This magnanimous act won many to the support of the American Cause and secured to him the perpetual love and admiration of his countrymen.
11. BARRAC_161003_151.JPG: Old Barracks Built in 1758 for British troops of the French and Indian War. Hessians were quartered here before the Battle of Trenton.
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Wikipedia Description: Old Barracks Museum
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Old Barracks Museum, also known as Old Barracks, in Trenton, New Jersey are the only remaining colonial barracks in the country. It is the last of five such barracks authorized by the colony in 1758 to house soldiers in the French and Indian war. It housed about 300 soldiers at a time. During the American Revolution, George Washington crossed the Delaware River to catch the Hessian garrison by surprise.
In 1902, members of the Daughters of the Revolution bought part of the building to preserve it. The state bought the other part and formed a museum in 1914 which remains open today.
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Directly Related Pages: Other pages with content (NJ -- Trenton -- Old Barracks Museum) directly related to this one: [Display ALL photos on one page]:
- 2011_NJ_Trenton_Barracks: NJ -- Trenton -- Old Barracks Museum (7 photos from 2011)
Same Subject: Click on this link to see coverage of items having the same subject: [American Revolution] [Park (Local)]
2016 photos: Seven relatively short trips this year: two Civil War Trust conference (Gettysburg, PA and West Point, NY, with a side-trip to New York City), my 11th consecutive San Diego Comic-Con trip (including sites in Utah, Nevada, and California), a quick trip to Michigan for Uncle Wayne's funeral, two additional trips to New York City, and a Civil Rights site trip to Alabama during the November elections. Being in places where people died to preserve the rights of minority voters made the Trumputin election even more depressing. Equipment this year: I continued to use my Fuji XS-1 cameras but, depending on the event, I also used a Nikon D7000. Number of photos taken this year: just over 610,000.
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