BGuthrie Photos: DC -- Donald W. Reynolds Center (NPG) -- Exhibit: Hollywood and Time: Celebrity Covers

DC -- Donald W. Reynolds Center (NPG) -- Exhibit: Hollywood and Time: Celebrity Covers:

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Description of Pictures: Hollywood and Time: Celebrity Covers
April 1, 2016 – September 11, 2016
Hollywood personalities who once graced theater marquees across America are featured in original cover art commissioned by Time magazine. Included are vintage portraits of stars like Dustin Hoffman, Elizabeth Taylor, Marlon Brando, Paul Newman, Diane Keaton and Meryl Streep, as well as Oscar-winning directors Steven Spielberg and Woody Allen. The show focuses on thirty-two celebrities whose vision and talents carried us to different eras and exotic places. Historian James Barber is the curator of the Time collection and this show.

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. SIPGCC_160403_001.JPG: Hollywood and Time
2. SIPGCC_160403_004.JPG: Hollywood and Time: Celebrity Covers Since its founding in 1923, Time magazine has reported on a seemingly endless number of newsworthy people and events, including Hollywood, the glitzy epicenter of American cinema, and all its trendy stars and titillating gossip. The magazine and Tinseltown grew up together. On March 3, 1923, Time's inaugural issue -- in black and white -- included a three-sentence review of a new silent adventure picture "Down to the Sea in Ships", also, of course, in black and white, featured a sea monster crunching a boat and crew "directly in front of the camera." Fifty-two years later, Jaws appeared in full color on the magazine's cover. And on the big screen, the celluloid monster virtually splashed into the laps of petrified audiences. While Hollywood movies became ever more sophisticated with advancing technologies, the one constant has always been the actors and actresses. Their compelling performances have filled theaters, and their marquee personas continue to sell magazines like Time. This exhibition of original cover art from the National Portrait Gallery's Time Collection will likely conjure a fond memory or two of a special movie theater experience, one filled with laughs, tears, frights, and buttered popcorn.
3. SIPGCC_160403_008.JPG: George C. Scott, 1927-1999 Time ran this cover and cover story of actor George C. Scott prior to the annual Academy Awards ceremony in April 1971. Scott was nominated for -- and won -- an Oscar for his dynamic performance in Patton (1970). The article made much of Scott's "legendary capacity for booze, brawls and belligerence." Scott's gruff nature made him a natural to play the role of General George S. Patton, the brash and surly commander of the Third Army in World War II. Typical of Scott's loathing for Hollywood glamour, he refused the Oscar, making him the first to decline the Best Actor award. Hector Garrido, 1971 Time cover, March 22, 1971
4. SIPGCC_160403_014.JPG: Marlon Brando, 1924-2004 Marlon Brando had long been a popular box office attraction, but he was also one of the industry's most challenging personalities: difficult with directors and often lax in memorizing his lines or following the script. When Time reported in depth in January 1973 on his most recent performance, scores of readers wrote to voice their revulsion to a film that included "frontal nudity, four-letter words, masturbation, even sodomy." One reader suggested that all Time needed to say was that "Marlon Brando is making a real dirty movie with Maria Schneider, and it is called Last Tango in Paris." Two months later, Brando would win a Best Actor Oscar for the critically acclaimed film, The Godfather (1972). But he refused to accept the award in protest of Hollywood's stereotypical portrayal of Native Americans. Robert M. Peak, 1973 Time cover, January 22, 1973
5. SIPGCC_160403_020.JPG: The Flying Fondas Henry Fonda, 1905-1982 Jane Fonda, born 1937 Peter Fonda, born 1939 "The plainsman, the rebel and the runaway are all branches on the same family tree" reported Time in 1970, describing the "Flying Fondas": father Henry, son Peter, and daughter Jane. All were actors and newsmakers of note: Henry had a long and distinguished career, winning an Oscar in 1982 for On Golden Pond; Peter became a counterculture icon for his 1969 film Easy Rider; and Jane was an antiwar activist who would become a Best Actress Oscar-winner (for Klute in 1972 and Coming Home in 1979) and fitness advocate. But the family's dysfunction was often what made them tabloid news -- in marriages alone, these three combined logged eleven spouses. Andy Warhol, 1970 Time cover, February 16, 1970
6. SIPGCC_160403_030.JPG: Dustin Hoffman, born 1937 Mia Farrow, born 1946 Mia Farrow was twenty-three and Dustin Hoffman was thirty-one in early 1969 when Time magazine reported on them. "The casting together of the two fastest-rising performers in the business was inevitable. . . . It happened to Farrow and Hoffman after one big hit apiece." Hers was Rosemary's Baby (1968), and his was The Graduate (1967). Now cast together as chance lovers, they were performing in the soon-to-be-released "contemporary love story" John and Mary (1969). Time used the occasion to focus on the lives of these two children of Hollywood -- she was the daughter of director John Farrow and actress Maureen O'Sullivan. And he was the son of a set decorator for Columbia Pictures, named after the silent screen actor Dustin Farnum. Philippe Halsman, 1969 Time cover, February 7, 1969
7. SIPGCC_160403_035.JPG: Lauren Bacall, 1924-2014 In a 1966 article titled "The Pleasures & Perils of Middle Age," Time noted that "one-fifth of the nation was between the ages of 40 and 60." In recognition of her spirit, vitality, and beauty at age forty-one, the magazine highlighted Lauren Bacall, who was enjoying critical acclaim in the Broadway comedy Cactus Flower. From the age of nineteen, Bacall had been a Hollywood favorite, often co-starring with Humphrey Bogart, her husband until his death at age fifty-seven. Artist Boris Chaliapin introduced the autumn leaves in this portrait to symbolize the editors' story theme and cover caption. Boris Chaliapin, 1966 Time cover, July 29, 1966
8. SIPGCC_160403_041.JPG: Barbra Streisand, born 1942 Time's cover and cover story for April 10, 1964, were special because they showcased an entertainer -- Barbra Streisand -- and a writer -- John McPhee -- both at the start of successful, award-winning careers. The prolific McPhee would go on to win many literary distinctions, including a Pulitzer Prize. Streisand would win seemingly countless singing and acting awards, including an Oscar for the film Funny Girl (1968), based on her hit 1964 Broadway musical, which McPhee had glowingly reported on that spring. Of note too is this portrait from life by painter Henry Koerner, who snagged three sittings with the burgeoning twenty-one-year-old Streisand in her New York City penthouse. Henry Koerner, 1964 Time cover, April 10, 1964
9. SIPGCC_160403_047.JPG: Kim Novak, born 1933 In June 1957, when artist Robert Vickrey arrived on the West Coast to paint a portrait of Kim Novak for Time's cover, careful studio grooming and the blond actress's own magnetic mixture of beauty, innocence, and sex appeal had transformed her into Hollywood's top box-office draw. Her portrait sittings with Vickrey, however, were not without issues. At one point, realizing that the artist was painting her from an angle that threatened to reveal a small bump on her nose, Novak angrily called her studio to complain about it. Vickrey, however, never noticed the flaw, and his picture -- showing Novak posed against a poster of her in her new film, Jeanne Eagels (1957) -- did not call attention to it. Robert Vickrey, 1957 Time cover, June 29, 1957
10. SIPGCC_160403_054.JPG: Barbara Bel Geddes, 1922-2005 For its April 9, 1951, cover, Time asked its most prolific cover artist, Boris Chaliapin, to paint a portrait of Gloria Swanson, who was expected to win a Best Actress Oscar for her role in the movie Sunset Boulevard (1950). When Swanson lost the Oscar to Judy Holliday, Time focused instead on Broadway, tasking Chaliapin to paint a portrait of Barbara Bel Geddes, the twenty-eight-year-old "ing�nue" who was getting rave reviews for her role in the comedy The Moon Is Blue (1951). Bel Geddes would later co-star with Kim Novak in Alfred Hitchcock's classic film, Vertigo (1958). She may be best known, however, as Miss Ellie, the Ewing family matriarch on the long-running television series Dallas (1978–901). Boris Chaliapin, 1951 Time cover, April 9, 1951
11. SIPGCC_160403_065.JPG: Anne Bancroft, 1931-2005 Actress Anne Bancroft appears here for a 1959 Time cover in the role of Anne Sullivan, the teacher and friend of Helen Keller who, despite being blind and deaf, earned a college degree and became a role model for millions worldwide. Bancroft was at the time acting in a new Broadway play, The Miracle Worker. Patty Duke, playing Helen Keller, appears in the painting's background. Both actresses would win Oscars in 1963 for their performances in the film adaptation. In 1967, Bancroft would play the seductive Mrs. Robinson in the popular movie, The Graduate. Aaron Bohrod, 1959 Time cover, December 21, 1959
12. SIPGCC_160403_071.JPG: In Memoriam Patty Duke, 1946-2016
13. SIPGCC_160403_074.JPG: Robin Williams, 1951-2014 Born Chicago, Illinois Robin Williams was a madcap genius in all types of entertainment, from stand-up to feature films. Known initially as a comedian, he surprised audiences with his ability to play serious dramatic roles. His breakthrough came in the 1970s television comedy Mork and Mindy; as the alien Mork, Williams improvised much of his dialogue, which would be the case in most of his comedic roles. Once established in show business, Williams worked tirelessly, appearing in such feature films as Good Morning, Vietnam (1987), Dead Poets Society (1989), and Mrs. Doubtfire (1993); he won an Oscar for his role as the psychologist in Good Will Hunting (1997). Michael Dressler, 1979 Time cover, March 12, 1979
14. SIPGCC_160403_078.JPG: Diane Keaton, born 1946 Diane Keaton was already a rising star in Hollywood after her success in Woody Allen's Annie Hall when Time selected her for a cover story in September 1977. The actress was awaiting the imminent release of her latest film, Looking for Mr. Goodbar (1977), a sobering tale of casual sex and murder that offered a dark contrast to the whimsical Woody Allen comedy. Keaton won a Best Actress Oscar for Annie Hall and a Golden Globe for Goodbar the next year. Douglas Kirkland, 1977 Time cover, September 26, 1977
15. SIPGCC_160403_084.JPG: Woody Allen, born 1935 Early in his career as a stand-up comedian, Woody Allen was called the "undisputed master of one-liners." Much of his comedy was introspective and explained his own shortcomings, like his poor performance in high school. "It was a school for emotionally disturbed teachers," he would quip. And it was not his fault that he failed to make the chess team because of his height (five feet, six inches). Allen would eventually find his real niche as a filmmaker, with such popular comedies as Annie Hall (1977), Manhattan (1979), and Hannah and Her Sisters (1986). The winner of four Academy Awards, Allen has appeared on the cover of Time twice since this 1972 cover. Frank Cowan, 1972 Time cover, July 3, 1972
16. SIPGCC_160403_092.JPG: The Great Gatsby Robert Redford, born 1937 Mia Farrow, born 1946 After forty-nine-year-old Marlon Brando declined Paramount Pictures' financial offer to play the title role in a film version of F. Scott Fitzgerald's 1920s classic, The Great Gatsby, Robert Redford wondered, "Didn't anyone at Paramount bother to read the novel?" In age -- thirty-eight -- and appearance, Redford was a better fit for the role. Moreover, he had become the "most sought-after actor" in Hollywood with the recent release of two popular 1973 films, The Way We Were and The Sting. Meanwhile, Mia Farrow, who asked to play the role of Daisy Buchanan, passed a screen test and infused the film with a "mystical quality, a kind of spoiled arrogance, which made her especially interesting." Ultimately the film fell flat with many critics. Yet it was a profitable hit at the box office, due largely to the cinematic chemistry between Redford and Farrow, as this cover image suggests. Steve Schapiro, 1974 Time cover, March 18, 1974
17. SIPGCC_160403_099.JPG: Gregory Pike, 1916-2003 In 1948, Time billed Hollywood actor Gregory Peck, then thirty-one, as "the average man on the flying trapeze." Unpretentious by nature, Peck enjoyed projecting the image of the typical family man earning a living for an adoring wife and two young sons. Yet acting was his passion, and he strove to further hone his skills. Already he was one of the most valuable male talents in the business, largely because of, Time reported, "his good looks, which invest any role he undertakes with a certain idealized, legendary quality." Later, his acting skills alone would win him a Best Actor Oscar in 1963 for his supreme performance as Atticus Finch in To Kill a Mockingbird (1962). Boris Chaliapin, 1948 Time cover, January 12, 1948
18. SIPGCC_160403_109.JPG: Elizabeth Taylor, 1932-2011 Time reported in 1949 that "the movie business was bad last year," and Hollywood was looking for remedies, namely better stories and younger performers. One actress in particular seemed to be a sure fix, the seventeen-year-old former child prodigy Elizabeth Taylor. She had been the star of National Velvet (1944) and was currently among the bevy of starlets in MGM's Little Women, with prospects of glamorous adult roles to follow. Her "great beauty," as captured here by artist Boris Chaliapin, was her "foremost asset," for beneath that "breath-taking fa�ade," reported Time, "there is scarcely a symptom of sophistication." Despite Time's dismissive assessment, Taylor would go on to win two Oscars for Best Actress and is regarded as one of the supreme stars of Hollywood's golden age. Boris Chaliapin, 1949 Time cover, August 22, 1949
19. SIPGCC_160403_118.JPG: Groucho Marx, 1895-1977 "Trademark: Effrontery." Time's cover caption for Groucho Marx was succinct and apt for the comedian who made a lifelong career in movies, radio, and television, spewing his snide, caustic humor at anyone and everywhere. Marx got his start early in vaudeville with his zany brothers. Professionally, he proved to be the most enduring, landing a quiz show on radio (1947–60) and television (1950–61), You Bet Your Life. A master at ad-libbing, only Groucho Marx could win awards for humor with a quiz show, including the George Foster Peabody Award. "It's a good thing the guy died," Marx quipped, "otherwise we couldn't have won any prizes." Ernest Hamlin Baker, 1951 Time cover, December 31, 1951
20. SIPGCC_160403_125.JPG: Howard Hughes, 1905-1976 Aviation tycoon Howard Hughes was hard to ignore even though he was reclusive by nature. He was also intelligent and one of the wealthiest people in America. With money to fuel his entrepreneurial passions -- which included making such movies as his World War I flying sensation, Hell's Angels (1930) -- he confidently told Time magazine, "I'll make news for you." In May of 1948, Hughes had just bought a controlling interest in RKO Pictures, in which he intended to shake up the management. RKO owned 124 theaters, and Time speculated that the purchase would make film distribution easier for Hughes. Mixing "sex, slapstick and violence," his films -- like The Outlaw (1943), starring seductive Jane Russell -- would now have less risk of censorship from movie house managers. Ernest Hamlin Baker, 1948 Time cover, July 19, 1948
21. SIPGCC_160403_128.JPG: Anita Colby, 1914-1992 In the 1930s, Anita Colby, "an ash-blond beauty," became the fashion industry's first supermodel, earning $100 an hour. "The Face," as she was called, appeared on scores of magazine covers and roadside billboards. In Hollywood she made several movies but found her real niche as the "Feminine Director" for movie producer David O. Selznick. Time magazine called her a "one-woman finishing school" for Selznick's top actresses. The article noted that for the stars shown here (clockwise from bottom), Colby kept Shirley Temple "looking sweet sixteen with soft hair, pigtails and girlish pinafores"; she was a fashion and makeup consultant for Jennifer Jones; she advised Ingrid Bergman to "play . . . down" her attire so as not to distract from her natural beauty; and she made Joan Fontaine look "smart, feminine and refined." Any recommendations Colby may have proffered to Dorothy McGuire, a popular and versatile actress, were not mentioned in the article. Boris Chaliapin, 1945 Time cover, January 8, 1945
22. SIPGCC_160403_140.JPG: Rudy Vallee, 1901-1986 Time commissioned this charcoal sketch of singer-actor Rudy Vallee, but it never appeared in print for unknown reasons. Over the years, many unpublished cover artworks accumulated in Time's storage bins. When this sketch was made, Vallee was enjoying success as a bandleader and radio crooner, and his records were top sellers among the young smart set. He was also just breaking into movies; his filmography runs from 1929 to 1976 and includes such classics as I Remember Mama (1948) and How to Succeed in Business without Really Trying (1967). Samuel J. Woolf, who made this drawing, was one of Time's earliest and most prolific contract artists in the late 1920s and 1930s. Samuel Johnson Woolf, c 1930 Unpublished cover
23. SIPGCC_160403_144.JPG: Cecil B. DeMille, 1881-1959 Cecil B. DeMille was one of the great pioneers of the American motion picture industry. Time reported in a cover story of August 27, 1934, that he was "the only director who managed to walk the tightrope from silent to sound films without losing his megaphone or mannerisms." In fact, he was the last director in Hollywood to still use a megaphone! Time was critiquing DeMille's sixty-seventh film, Cleopatra, starring Claudette Colbert in the title role, with Warren William as Julius Caesar. It was a typical DeMille production in that it was lavishly produced at an exorbitant cost and included a favorite DeMille prop -- a bathing facility. Cleopatra's bathtub covered an entire acre. The magazine noted that "the fabulous DeMille bathtub is a symbol not of cleanliness but of luxury." Wide World Photos, 1934 Time cover, August 27, 1934
24. SIPGCC_160403_159.JPG: Tom Cruise, born 1962 For its last cover of the 1980s, Time selected twenty-seven-year-old actor Tom Cruise, "the movies' biggest star, with nothing but promise on the horizon." His breakout film was Top Gun (1986), an action-packed 110 minutes of romance and roaring Navy jets. Born on the Fourth of July, Cruise's latest film at the time, was slower paced but more poignant because it told the story of Ron Kovic, a wounded Vietnam veteran in a wheelchair. Cruise would win a Golden Globe Award for his portrayal of Kovic but would lose the Best Actor Oscar to Daniel Day-Lewis, who played another real-life person with disabilities in My Left Foot: The Story of Christy Brown. Eric Bouvet, 1989 Time cover, December 25, 1989
25. SIPGCC_160403_165.JPG: Shirley MacLaine, born 1934 When actress Shirley MacLaine turned fifty on April 24, 1984, she was enjoying what she said was the best year of her life. She had just won a Golden Globe Award and an Oscar for Best Actress in the critically acclaimed film Terms of Endearment. She was also singing and dancing and packing the 1,992-seat Gershwin Theatre in New York City with her one-person show, Shirley MacLaine on Broadway. In addition, the paperback edition of her book on spiritualism, Out on a Limb, had just reached the top of the New York Times best-seller list. Little wonder that Time posed her doing a theatrical high kick for its cover that spring. Gordon Munro, 1984 Time cover, May 14, 1984
26. SIPGCC_160403_174.JPG: Bob Hope, 1903-2003 When you think of Bob Hope you instantly envision the jaunty irreverence of this consummate entertainer. Born in England and raised in Cleveland, Hope joined the vaudeville circuit as a teen. By the mid-1930s he was a fixture on radio and a star on Broadway. By 1940, in Hollywood, he began the hugely popular series of "Road" movies, partnered with golf buddy Bing Crosby. Hope's commitment to entertaining U.S. troops from 1941 through the Gulf War was legendary, and Time saluted him with two covers, this one and one in September 1943, for his steadfast volunteer service. Marisol Escobar, 1967 Time cover, December 22, 1967
27. SIPGCC_160403_185.JPG: John Wayne, 1907-1979 One of the archetypal heroic figures of twentieth-century film, John Wayne conveyed a decisive, solitary, reverent screen persona that reflected traditional American values. Wayne's collaboration with director John Ford led to such classics as Stagecoach (1939), She Wore a Yellow Ribbon (1949), and The Quiet Man (1952). During World War II, Wayne starred in several morale-boosting movies, including Flying Tigers (1942) and Back to Bataan (1945). He finally won an Oscar for his portrayal of Rooster Cogburn in True Grit (1969). This was Wayne's second appearance on a Time cover -- the first was on March 3, 1952, when he appeared looking dapper in a suit and tie. Harry Jackson, 1969 Time cover, August 8, 1969
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