BGuthrie Photos: DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (3) World News Gallery

DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (3) World News Gallery:

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Copyrights: All pictures were taken by amateur photographer Bruce Guthrie (me!) who retains copyright on them. Free for non-commercial use with attribution. See the [Creative Commons] definition of what this means. "Photos (c) Bruce Guthrie" is fine for attribution. (Commercial use folks can of course contact me.) Feel free to use in publications and pages with attribution but you don't have permission to sell the photos themselves. A free copy of any printed publication using any photographs is requested. Descriptive text, if any, is from a mixture of sources, quite frequently from signs at the location or from official web sites; copyrights, if any, are retained by their original owners.

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. WNEWS_160427_004.JPG: Kidnapped in Syria American freelance journalist Austin Tice has been missing for more than two years in Syria. A former Marine captain who served in Iraq and Afghanistan, Tice covered the war in Syria for The Washington Post and McClatchy Newspapers. He disappeared in August 2012, days after his 31st birthday. A YouTube video posted weeks later showed a blindfolded Tice being led away by armed men. #FreeAustinTice In 2015, Reporters Without Borders launched a public awareness campaign for Austin Tice's release.
2. WNEWS_160427_007.JPG: Favorite Shoes: These shoes are reporter Austin Tice's favorite footwear. Tice has been missing since he disappeared while reporting in Syria in 2012.
3. WNEWS_160427_009.JPG: Prayers for Tice: This candle and flyer are from a 2014 prayer vigil held for kidnapped reporter Austin Tice in Houston, his hometown. Tice has been missing since 2012. Notebook and Case: Austin Tice used this notebook during his first journalism job as a reporter for the University of Houston's Daily Cougar in 1997. He used the case to store his personal journals.
4. WNEWS_160427_014.JPG: Terrorists Target Journalists Around the world, journalists are being kidnapped, tortured and killed as the high-profile targets of violent extremists. In Syria, Iraq and Turkey, ISIS militants have executed more than 20 journalists since 2014. Many more have been kidnapped. Some European governments have paid ransoms to release journalists; the US government does not. Governments and news organizations are wrestling with how to protect journalists reporting from regions stalked by extremists. In a video posted online by ISIS militants in Syria in January 2015, Japanese journalist Kenji Goto is seen moments before he is executed. Goto was kidnapped after traveling to Syria in October 2014 to cover the civil war and seek the release of a friend. A veteran war reporter, Goto covered conflicts from Kosovo to Iraq for major Japanese news outlets. he was 47.
5. WNEWS_160427_017.JPG: Charlie Hebdo Massacre: Terrorists opened fire on the Paris newsroom of the French newspaper Charlie Hebdo on Jan. 7, 2015, killing eight journalists and four others in an attack that shocked the world. Two gunmen linked to al-Qaida targeted the newspaper for its provocative caricatures of the Prophet Muhammad. "Je suis Charlie" ("I am Charlie") became the rallying cry in protests, below, and in a global social media campaign supporting the right to free expression.
6. WNEWS_160427_020.JPG: Jailed Journalists: In many countries, journalists are failed for doing their jobs. Oppressive regimes arrest reporters to silence criticism or retaliate for their work. Often, the cause of their imprisonment is never revealed. Nearly 200 journalists around the world were behind bars in 2015, according to the Committee to Protect Journalists, including record numbers in China and Egypt. Cracking Down on Free Speech: Governments in China, Egypt and Iran use harsh prison sentences to silence dissent. Among those currently jailed in those countries are reporters, photographers, broadcasters, bloggers and cartoonists. Their "crimes": photographing protests, questioning the government and speaking out about human rights. The Five Worst Countries for Jailing Journalists: * China: 49 journalists in jail * Egypt: 23 * Iran: 19 * Eritrea: 17 * Turkey: 14 China remained the world's jailer of journalists in 2015, as the government continued its crackdown on the press and social media. In Egypt, the government uses the pretext of national security to clamp down on dissent. Iran holds many journalists on anti-state charges. In Eritrea, reporters are imprisoned without trial. In the past year, Turkey has doubled the number of journalists in jail.
7. WNEWS_160427_026.JPG: This editorial cartoon by Atena Farghadani depicts Iran's parliament as animals to protest a law that restricts birth control. She has been jailed since January 2015 for publishing the cartoon.
8. WNEWS_160427_029.JPG: Egyptian photographer Mahmoud Abou-Zeid, also known as Shawkan, has been jailed since August 2013, when he was arrested and beaten while covering clashes between security forces and supporters of ousted President Mohammed Morsi.
9. WNEWS_160427_031.JPG: The Five Worst Countries for Jailing Journalists: * China: 49 journalists in jail * Egypt: 23 * Iran: 19 * Eritrea: 17 * Turkey: 14 China remained the world's jailer of journalists in 2015, as the government continued its crackdown on the press and social media. In Egypt, the government uses the pretext of national security to clamp down on dissent. Iran holds many journalists on anti-state charges. In Eritrea, reporters are imprisoned without trial. In the past year, Turkey has doubled the number of journalists in jail.
10. WNEWS_160427_040.JPG: World Press Freedom A Map of Press Freedom: The map on the wall provides a snapshot of press freedom in 194 countries. The ratings are updated annually by Freedom House, an independent private organization that monitors how free the flow of news and information is in each country. Full reports are available at freedomhouse.org Fewer than one in seven people live in a country where the press is free.
11. WNEWS_160427_046.JPG: Best for Press Freedom: Norway Why the Norwegian press is the most free in the world: Norway is one of the most democratic and least corrupt nations in the world, says Freedom House. The country's constitutional guarantees of press freedom are consistently upheld. The media express a variety of opinions, and internet access is widely available and unrestricted. In 2015 Norway began funding United Nations training programs to combat attacks on journalists around the world. Norwegian journalist Oystein Windstad was attacked by masked men while reporting on human rights abuses near Chechnya in 2016. Teams travel around Norway in radiobilene ("radio cars") to educate people about the country's transition to digital radio. More than half of Norwegian radio listeners use digital radio. To defend free speech after the deadly 2015 attack on French satirical newspaper Charlie Hebdo. Norway's parliament repealed a longstanding blasphemy law, making it legal to mock the beliefs of others. Charlie Hebdo published controversial cartoons of the Prophet Muhammad. Digital Radio Switch: Norway has announced plans to abandon FM radio broadcasts in 2017, making it the first country in the world to fully transition to digital radio. The move is expected to improve reception and expand and diversify programming. World Leader in Free Expression: In 2016, Norway launched a global drive to promote freedom of expression and protect journalists' safety around the world. To support freedom of expression at home, in 2015 Norway legalized blasphemy -- speech insulting God or sacred things -- and eliminated taxes on online news outlets. National Security Agency whistleblower Edward Snowden -- who in 2013 revealed that the US government was collecting phone records of millions of Americans -- accepted Norway's Bjornson Prize for freedom of expression via a live video link in 2015.
12. WNEWS_160427_050.JPG: Why the Norwegian press is the most free in the world: Norway is one of the most democratic and least corrupt nations in the world, says Freedom House. The country's constitutional guarantees of press freedom are consistently upheld. The media express a variety of opinions, and internet access is widely available and unrestricted. Teams travel around Norway in radiobilene ("radio cars") to educate people about the country's transition to digital radio. More than half of Norwegian radio listeners use digital radio.
13. WNEWS_160427_053.JPG: To defend free speech after the deadly 2015 attack on French satirical newspaper Charlie Hebdo. Norway's parliament repealed a longstanding blasphemy law, making it legal to mock the beliefs of others. Charlie Hebdo published controversial cartoons of the Prophet Muhammad.
14. WNEWS_160427_055.JPG: National Security Agency whistleblower Edward Snowden -- who in 2013 revealed that the US government was collecting phone records of millions of Americans -- accepted Norway's Bjornson Prize for freedom of expression via a live video link in 2015.
15. WNEWS_160427_059.JPG: In 2015 Norway began funding United Nations training programs to combat attacks on journalists around the world. Norwegian journalist Oystein Windstad was attacked by masked men while reporting on human rights abuses near Chechnya in 2016.
16. WNEWS_160427_063.JPG: World Leader in Free Expression: In 2016, Norway launched a global drive to promote freedom of expression and protect journalists' safety around the world. To support freedom of expression at home, in 2015 Norway legalized blasphemy -- speech insulting God or sacred things -- and eliminated taxes on online news outlets.
17. WNEWS_160427_066.JPG: Worst for Press Freedom: North Korea: Why North Korea's Press is the Least Free in the World: North Korea is home to one of the world's most repressive regimes. All media outlets are run by the state, and journalists serve as mouthpieces for the ruling Workers' Party. North Koreans caught listening to foreign news broadcasts risk harsh punishments, including forced labor and execution. About one in 10 North Koreans own a government-monitored cellphone, but authorities block global internet access. Three North Korean women were executed for using unregistered cellphones to distribute copies of a banned South Korean soap opera in 2015. Thousands of North Korean soldiers participated in a military parade celebrating the 70th anniversary of the founding of the ruling Workers' Party in 2015. In 2016, South Korea used loudspeakers to blast pro-democracy propaganda across the border after North Korea claimed it had successfully tested a hydrogen bomb. Foreign Media Forbidden: State-owned news outlets dominate North Korea's media scene, including Rodong Simmun, the newspaper of the ruling Workers' Party, and Korean Central TV. Internet access is rare and strictly controlled. Foreign media is forbidden but is smuggled into the country on DVDs and thumb drives. A Secretive State: Getting news out of North Korea is challenging. Foreign journalists routinely have their cellphones seized upon arrival and are constantly monitored and prevented from talking to people on the street. But journalists manage to reveal news about life under the regime in both sanctioned and undercover methods. In 2015, ABC News offered an immersive -- though filtered -- glimpse of North Korea with this 360-degree virtual reality tour of the isolated state. Government agents limited the news team's access and intersections with North Koreans.
18. WNEWS_160427_069.JPG: About one in 10 North Koreans own a government-monitored cellphone, but authorities block global internet access. Three North Korean women were executed for using unregistered cellphones to distribute copies of a banned South Korean soap opera in 2015.
19. WNEWS_160427_072.JPG: In 2015, ABC News offered an immersive -- though filtered -- glimpse of North Korea with this 360-degree virtual reality tour of the isolated state. Government agents limited the news team's access and intersections with North Koreans.
20. WNEWS_160427_075.JPG: In 2016, South Korea used loudspeakers to blast pro-democracy propaganda across the border after North Korea claimed it had successfully tested a hydrogen bomb.
21. WNEWS_160427_078.JPG: Why in the World? Frequently Asked Questions: Sometimes, the press freedom ratings of countries on the map surprise people or cause disagreement. Here are some frequently asked questions about the map. How many countries are shown on the map? The map shows 194 countries: the 193 member states of the United States, plus Taiwan. Also identified on the map are Greenland (a self-governing dependency of Denmark) and French Guiana (a possession of France). The newest UN member state is South Sudan, which broke from Sudan and became an independent nation in 2011. South Sudan's press freedom is rated "not free."
22. WNEWS_160427_082.JPG: The World Has Changed Press Freedom Changes: The Newseum's world press freedom map has been updated to reflect the latest ratings from Freedom House. The percentage of the world's population that has access to a free press remained at its lowest point in more than a decade in 2015, as political, criminal and terrorist forces sought to co-opt or silence the news media in their struggle for power. The Good News: Chile -- Partly Free to Free: * Violence and harassment against journalists covering protests declined. Togo -- Not Free to Partly Free: * The state-owned broadcaster provided equal airtime to opposition candidates during the country's presidential election. * Relations between the press and the government's media regulatory body improved. * Journalists were granted greater access to campaign rallies and other political events.
23. WNEWS_160427_085.JPG: The World Has Changed Here are the changes and the reasons the ratings improved or declined, according to Freedom House. This information is based on the state of press freedom in 2015. The Bad News: Ghana -- Free to Partly Free: * Violence and intimidation against journalists increased, both while they were covering the news and in retribution for their work. Israel -- Free to Partly Free: * The market dominance of the popular free newspaper Israel Hayom threatened the viability of other media outlets. * Paid content, sometimes funded by the government, appeared in news publications without being clearly identified as advertising rather than editorial content. Bangladesh -- Partly Free to Not Free: * Violence against journalists increased. * Perpetrators of violence against journalists are rarely prosecuted. * The government failed to protect threatened bloggers. Macedonia -- Partly Free to Not Free: * Journalists faced violence and threats. * Revelations about government surveillance fostered a climate of fear and self-censorship. * Partisan news coverage of the country's ongoing political crisis increased.
24. WNEWS_160427_099.JPG: Murdered in Syria: American freelance journalists James Foley and Steven Sotloff were kidnapped by ISIS militants in Syria and executed in 2014. Displayed here are items they used to report under dangerous conditions. Reporter James Foley in Tripoli, Libya, in 2011. Steven Sotloff, with the backpack and helmet displayed here, reports from Libya in 2011. Foley's Bomb Detection Guide: While embedded with US troops in Afghanistan in 2010, James Foley carried this guide to detecting improvised explosive devices, or IEDs. Foley's Notebook and Passport: James Foley used this notebook to cover Libya's civil war in 2011. Captured and held for 44 days by dictator Moammar Gadhafi's forces, Foley was issued this temporary passport upon his release. "Free Uncle Jim!!" T-Shirt: James Foley's niece, Rori, wore this T-shirt while her uncle was imprisoned in Libya in 2011. Foley was freed after an international campaign. He was kidnapped in Syria in 2012 and was executed by his captors in 2014. Sotloff's Reporting Tools: Freelance reporter Steven Sotloff used this notebook, backpack and helmet while covering Syria's civil war and the aftermath of the 2012 attack in Benghazi, Libya, that killed US Ambassador J. Christopher Stevens. Sotloff's Arabic Notebook: Journalist Steven Sotloff studied Arabic in Yemen after college and used this notebook to record Arabic phrases.
25. WNEWS_160427_101.JPG: Foley's Notebook and Passport: James Foley used this notebook to cover Libya's civil war in 2011. Captured and held for 44 days by dictator Moammar Gadhafi's forces, Foley was issued this temporary passport upon his release.
26. WNEWS_160427_103.JPG: Foley's Bomb Detection Guide: While embedded with US troops in Afghanistan in 2010, James Foley carried this guide to detecting improvised explosive devices, or IEDs.
27. WNEWS_160427_106.JPG: Foley's Notebook and Passport: James Foley used this notebook to cover Libya's civil war in 2011. Captured and held for 44 days by dictator Moammar Gadhafi's forces, Foley was issued this temporary passport upon his release.
28. WNEWS_160427_109.JPG: "Free Uncle Jim!!" T-Shirt: James Foley's niece, Rori, wore this T-shirt while her uncle was imprisoned in Libya in 2011. Foley was freed after an international campaign. He was kidnapped in Syria in 2012 and was executed by his captors in 2014.
29. WNEWS_160427_112.JPG: Sotloff's Reporting Tools: Freelance reporter Steven Sotloff used this notebook, backpack and helmet while covering Syria's civil war and the aftermath of the 2012 attack in Benghazi, Libya, that killed US Ambassador J. Christopher Stevens.
30. WNEWS_160427_118.JPG: Sotloff's Syrian Entry Card: This entry card is from Steven Sotloff's first trip to Syria as a student in 2008. He returned several times to cover the civil war. Sotloff was kidnapped in 2013 after crossing the border from Turkey into Syria and was executed in 2014.
31. WNEWS_160427_122.JPG: Sotloff's Reporting Tools: Freelance reporter Steven Sotloff used this notebook, backpack and helmet while covering Syria's civil war and the aftermath of the 2012 attack in Benghazi, Libya, that killed US Ambassador J. Christopher Stevens.
32. WNEWS_160427_127.JPG: Sotloff's Arabic Notebook: Journalist Steven Sotloff studied Arabic in Yemen after college and used this notebook to record Arabic phrases.
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2016 photos: Equipment this year: I continued to use my Fuji XS-1 cameras but, depending on the event, I also used a Nikon D7000. Seven relatively short trips this year: two Civil War Trust conference (Gettysburg, PA and West Point, NY, with a side-trip to New York City), my 11th consecutive San Diego Comic-Con trip (including sites in Utah, Nevada, and California), a quick trip to Michigan for Uncle Wayne's funeral, two additional trips to New York City, and a Civil Rights site trip to Alabama during the November elections. Being in places where people died to preserve the rights of minority voters made the Trumputin election even more depressing. Number of photos taken this year: just over 610,000.
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