BGuthrie Photos: DC -- Howard University -- Founders Library

DC -- Howard University -- Founders Library:

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Description of Pictures: Including exhibit cases and a backstage tour by Clifford Muse, Jr., Associate Director/University Archivist for the Moorland Spingarn Research Center.

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Copyrights: All pictures were taken by amateur photographer Bruce Guthrie (me!) who retains copyright on them. Free for non-commercial use with attribution. See the [Creative Commons] definition of what this means. "Photos (c) Bruce Guthrie" is fine for attribution. (Commercial use folks including AI scrapers can of course contact me.) Feel free to use in publications and pages with attribution but you don't have permission to sell the photos themselves. A free copy of any printed publication using any photographs is requested. Descriptive text, if any, is from a mixture of sources, quite frequently from signs at the location or from official web sites; copyrights, if any, are retained by their original owners.

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. HOWARF_160229_004.JPG: Charles Drew
2. HOWARF_160229_009.JPG: W.E.B. DeBois
3. HOWARF_160229_024.JPG: Arthur B. Spingarn
4. HOWARF_160229_026.JPG: Jesse Moorland
5. HOWARF_160229_043.JPG: Howard University Commencement, June 7, 1957 Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and James Madison Nabrit
6. HOWARF_160229_048.JPG: Howard University Commencement -- June 7, 1957 Honorees: Jack "Jackie" Roosevelt Robinson, Patrick Murphy Malin, and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
7. HOWARF_160229_061.JPG: Howard University campus, c 1931 The women's dormitories are under construction at the eastern edge of the Lower Quadrangle. Notice the rowhouses along Sixth Street and the "desire lines" worn into the ground across University Park (between College and Bryant Streets). Desire lanes reflect paths other than paved sidewalks or designated routes that people want to take.
8. HOWARF_160229_067.JPG: Main Quadrangle before the construction of Douglass Hall, circa 1930. The Long Walk extends to Clark Hall. Paths branch off to the Applied Science Building and west of Clark Hall. The gymnasium can be seen east of Clark Hall. A closer look reveals the stadium behind these two buildings.
9. HOWARF_160229_072.JPG: The residence of General Howard can be seen to the left of the Main Building. The land behind the building had not been landscaped or terraced at this point, circa 1870.
10. HOWARF_160229_088.JPG: The photograph shows the relationship of Howard University to the monumental core of Washington, DC and the Potomac River basin, 1931. Note the residential quality of the community which surrounds the University. In the lower left hand corner you can see the Soldiers Home property prior to the building the Children's National Medical Center and the Washington Hospital Center.
11. HOWARF_160229_109.JPG: Twelve Years a Slave. Narrative of Solomon Northup, a citizen of New-York, kidnapped in Washington City in 1841, and rescued in 1853, from a cotton plantation near the Red River, in Louisiana
12. HOWARF_160229_132.JPG: The 150 acres purchased from John Smith was subdivided into several parcels for sale to generate revenue to build the campus of Howard University. This advertisement was used to publicize the offering of land, circa 1867.
13. HOWARF_160229_140.JPG: The Main Building and Miner Hall were constructed by the Freedmen's Bureau shortly after the University was opened, circa 1869.
14. HOWARF_160229_144.JPG: The residence of General Howard can be seen to the left of the Main Building. The land behind the building had not been landscaped or terraced at this point, circa 1870.
15. HOWARF_160229_153.JPG: This bird's-eye view of Howard University shows all of the buildings on the main campus, circa 1910. The Freedmen's Hospital facilities completed in 1909 are shown at the left side of the photo. Also visible are the houses that were constructed for professors and administrators of the University.
16. HOWARF_160229_159.JPG: "The Long Walk" took form first as a wide dirt road that bisected the Main Quadrangle. The tree lined route was photographed for a postcard, circa 1910.
17. HOWARF_160229_251.JPG: To the faculty and students of Howard University, in appreciation of a memorable commencement. White House. Dec. 22, 1957 Harry Truman
18. HOWARF_160229_266.JPG: James E. Creek President of Howard University (1969-1989)
Wikipedia Description: Howard University
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Howard University is a federally chartered, non-profit, private, coeducational, nonsectarian, historically black university located in Washington, D.C., United States.

Today, it is a member school of the Thurgood Marshall Scholarship Fund and is partially funded by the US Government, which gives approximately $235 million annually. From its outset, it was nonsectarian and open to people of both sexes and all races. Howard has graduate schools of pharmacy, law, medicine, dentistry and divinity, in addition to the undergraduate program.

History:

In November 1866, shortly after the end of the Civil War, members of The First Congregational Society of Washington considered establishing a theological seminary for the education of African-American clergymen. Within a few weeks, the project expanded to include a provision for establishing a university. Within two years, the University consisted of the Colleges of Liberal Arts and Medicine. The new institution was named for General Oliver Otis Howard, a Civil War hero, who was both the founder of the University and, at the time, Commissioner of the Freedmen's Bureau. Howard later served as President of the university from 1869-74.

Congress chartered Howard on March 2, 1867, and much of its early funding came from endowment, private benefaction, and tuition. An annual congressional appropriation administered by the U.S. Department of Education funds Howard University and Howard University Hospital.

Howard University has played an important role in American history and the Civil Rights Movement on a number of occasions. Alain Locke, Chair of the Department of Philosophy and first African American Rhodes Scholar, authored The New Negro, which helped to usher in the Harlem Renaissance. Ralph Bunche, the first Nobel Peace Prize winner of African descent, served as chair of the Department of Political Science. Stokely Carmichael, also known as Kwame Toure, a student in the Department of Philosophy and the Howard University School of Divinity coined the term "Black Power" and worked in Lowndes County, Alabama as a voting rights activist. Historian Rayford Logan served as chair of the Department of History. E. Franklin Frazier served as chair of the Department of Sociology. Sterling Allen Brown served as chair of the Department of English.

Thurgood Marshall wanted to apply to his hometown law school, the University of Maryland School of Law, but was told that he would not be accepted due to the school's segregation policy. Marshall enrolled at Howard University School of Law instead. There he studied under Charles Hamilton Houston, a Harvard Law School graduate and leading civil rights lawyer who at the time was the dean of Howard's law school. Houston took Marshall under his wing, and the two forged a friendship that would last for the remainder of Houston's life. Howard University was the site where Marshall and his team of legal scholars from around the nation prepared to argue the landmark Brown v. Board of Education case. ...

In 1918, all the secondary schools of the university were abolished and the whole plan of undergraduate work changed. The four-year college course was divided into two periods of two years each, the Junior College, and the Senior Schools. The semester system was abolished in 1919 and the quarter system substituted. Twenty-three new members were added to the faculty between the reorganization of 1918 and 1923. A dining hall building with class rooms for the department of home economics was built in 1921 at a cost of $301,000. A greenhouse was erected in 1919. Howard Hall was renovated and made a dormitory for girls; many improvements were made on campus; J. Stanley Durkee, Howard's last white president, was appointed in 1918.

In 1965, President Lyndon B. Johnson delivered a speech to the graduating class at Howard, where he outlined his plans for civil rights legislation and endorsed aggressive affirmative action to combat the effects of years of segregation of blacks from the nation's economic opportunities.

In 1975 the historic Freedman's Hospital closed after 112 years of use as Howard University College of Medicine's primary teaching hospital. Howard University Hospital opened that same year and continues to be used as Howard University College of Medicine's primary teaching hospital with service to the surrounding community.

In 1989, Howard gained national attention when students rose up in protest against the appointment of then-Republican National Committee Chairman Lee Atwater as a new member of the university's Board of Trustees. Student activists disrupted Howard's 122nd anniversary celebrations, and eventually occupied the university's Administration building. Within days, both Atwater and Howard's President, James E. Cheek, resigned.

In April 2007 the head of the faculty senate called for the ouster of Howard University President H. Patrick Swygert, saying that the school was in a state of crisis and it was time to end “an intolerable condition of incompetence and dysfunction at the highest level.” This came on the heels of several criticisms of Howard University and its management. The following month, Swygert announced that he would retire in June 2008. The university announced in May 2008 that Sidney Ribeau of Bowling Green State University would succeed Swygert as president.

On September 4, 2009, 350 students and union workers protested the failure of the financial aid office to distribute promised funds to students. Students also sought a recycling program, technology upgrades and more on-campus housing. Members of SEIU local 32BJ protested the possible outsourcing of cleaning services to contractors whose wages would undercut Howard's union contract.

Campus:

The 256 acres (1.04 km2; 0.400 sq mi) campus is located in northwest Washington. Major improvements, additions, and changes occurred at the school in the aftermadth of World War I. New buildings were built under the direction of architect Albert Cassell. Howard's buildings and plant have a value of $567.6 million
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