VA -- Newport News -- Greenlawn Cemetery (POW Camp):
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- Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
- GREEN_150323_03.JPG: Greenlawn Cemetery:
Developed by the Newport News Cemetery Corporation in 1888, 50 acres were laid out at the convergence of Mill Dam Creek and Salters Creek to serve as the town's first public cemetery. Its landscape with five miles of serpentine roads reflects the 19th century park style of cemetery which gradually replaced family farm and church graveyards. Within the central core are interred many of the community's pioneer citizens. In 1900, a 25' obelisk was erected to mark the mass grave of 163 Confederate POWs who died in 1865 at nearby Camp Butler. One quadrant of the park is dedicated to Greek citizens. Adjacent to Greenlawn is Pleasant Shade where many notable African American citizens have been laid to rest. There have been approximately 20,000 burials in the memorial park, which features distinctive examples of Victorian cemetery art and a 1936 Sears catalogue home as the office building. In 1999, the site was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
- GREEN_150323_17.JPG: Newport News POW Camp
Where Valor Proudly Sleeps
The monument that stands before you was erected in June 1900 by the members of the Magruder Camp No. 36, United Confederate Veterans, to honor the 163 Confederate soldiers reinterred at this site who had died in the POW Camp next to Camp Butler on Newport News Point.
Following the war's end, the victorious Union army had thousands of Confederate troops to parole and return to their homes throughout the South. With Northern camps already filled with captured Confederates, a Newport News POW Camp to hold and process 10,000 to 20,000 prisoners was quickly built. The site, built next to Camp Butler on Newport News Point, was described as "twenty-five acres, enclosed by a fence twelve feet high, inside of which is a railing twenty feet from the fence, which prisoners are not allowed to pass. Outside of the fence a gallery has been erected for the sentinels, from which they can observe who approaches the railing and also any unusual disturbance among the prisoners."
Other facilities, including a hospital, were constructed. The 122nd U.S. Colored Troops, Battery B, 2nd U.S. Colored Light Artillery, and the 1st U.S. Colored Cavalry were assigned to guard the camp. Col. J. Ham Davidson commanded the camp.
Union officials soon realized the futility of imprisoning former Confederates until they were formally paroled, and the Newport News POW Camp never reached its anticipated capacity. By July it was empty. The camp never held more than 3,490 prisoners, of whom 168 died during captivity and 12 escaped. The Federal authorities deactivated the camp in August 1865.
- GREEN_150323_43.JPG: To our soldier dead
Erected by Lee Camp Bo. 3, Confederate Veterans of Hampton VA
A tribute from the hearts of surviving comrades.
- GREEN_150323_48.JPG: Remains of 154 Confederate soldiers died at Newport News, VA
1861-1865
- GREEN_150323_62.JPG: Elks Rest
- GREEN_150323_65.JPG: Dedicated to the memory of our departed brothers
By Newport News Virginia Lodge No. 315
BPO Elks
1921
- GREEN_150323_78.JPG: The faults of our brothers we write upon the sand, their virtues upon the tablets of love and memory.
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