DC -- Natl Museum of American History -- Exhibit: Price of Freedom -- Miscellaneous (Intro, Terror, Medal of Honor):
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SIPRMI_150717_04.JPG: The Price of Freedom
Americans at War
SIPRMI_150909_03.JPG: Persian Gulf War:
After Iraq invaded neighboring Kuwait in 1990, the United States led coalition forces that expelled Saddam Hussein's armies.
On January 17, 1991, an international coalition of American-led forces went to war to liberate oil-rich Kuwait from Iraqi occupation. Assembling the coalition took President George H.W. Bush and his advisors six months. Military leaders amassed troops and materiel, constructed bases, and targeted Iraqi military command centers and critical infrastructures. After massive air assaults, ground troops joined the attack. Then, in little more than 100 hours, the combined air-ground campaign freed Kuwait. An American decision to let Hussein stay in power in Iraq quickly became controversial.
SIPRMI_150909_05.JPG: U.S. Commanders:
Military leaders were determined that the war, which they designated Operation Desert Storm, would not be another Vietnam. Joint Chiefs of Staff chairman General Colin Powell (left) ensured that the coalition used "overwhelming force," and granted coalition commander General Norman Schwarzkopf (right) wide latitude to direct operations from the field.
SIPRMI_150909_07.JPG: My View:
Terry Foley
"Ten minutes into Iraq there were huge explosions. My jet was getting bounced around at 26,000 feet. Then you see Baghdad. It was a fire-breathing dragon! Thousands of AAA pieces were firing. From 30 minutes out you could see it. It never stopped ... Took quite a while to unwind. I'm glad to be alive."
-- US Air Force captain Terry Foley, who flew an F-117 in the second wave of attacks, 1991
SIPRMI_150909_09.JPG: Coalition Forces:
In the six months after Iraq annexed Kuwait, the United States assembled a coalition of more than thirty countries. It included Great Britain, France, Germany, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and Egypt. Partners provided troops and in-kind support and helped pay the $61 billion cost of the war.
SIPRMI_150909_11.JPG: Support for the Troops:
Nearly 700,000 American men and women were deployed in the Gulf War. The speedy victory boosted public opinion of US military prowess and public appreciation for the nation's all-volunteer armed forces. Troops returned home to flag-waving crowds and an outpouring of goodwill.
SIPRMI_150909_21.JPG: September 11, 2001:
Stunning attacks in the United States by al Qaeda, an international Islamist terrorist group, killed nearly 3,000 people and launched an American-led war on terrorism.
At 8:46am on September 11, 2011, terrorists hijacked and crashed a passenger jet into the north tower of New York City's World Trade Center. Fire and rescue crews rushed to the scene. As live television coverage began, Americans watched in horror as a second plane slammed into the south tower at 9:03am. Thirty-five minutes later a third airliner dove into the Pentagon right outside the capital. A fourth jet, bound for Washington, DC, crashed in Pennsylvania, its hijackers thwarted by passengers. The nation reeled, but resolved to fight back.
SIPRMI_150909_24.JPG: Airfone recovered from the wreckage of Flight 93 in Pennsylvania.
Identification badges of Patrick Dunn, watch commander of the Navy Command Center, recovered form the Pentagon.
SIPRMI_150909_27.JPG: Because of concerns about Saddam Hussein's regime, in March 2003 the United States and its allies launched preemptive strikes in Iraq.
SIPRMI_150909_29.JPG: War in Iraq:
Coalition forces quickly toppled Saddam Hussein's regime, but the war continued.
US, British, and coalition forces in Iraq employed both air strikes of unprecedented ferocity and precision and fast, flexible ground attacks. Troops deployed through Kuwait raced 300 miles to Baghdad, with Special Forces operated deep in northern and western Iraq. Hussein's government was quickly overthrown, but occupation forces became entangled in a long and violent insurgency and a politically contentious effort to establish and sustain an Iraqi democracy.
SIPRMI_150909_32.JPG: Protesting the War:
Initially, most Americans supported the war. But public opinion began to shift as deaths rose, as news broke of prisoner abuse at Abu Ghraib and other interrogation sites, and as costs soared. Demonstrators called for an end to the war, while affirming their support for US troops.
SIPRMI_150909_34.JPG: Reserve Forces:
Record numbers of US National Guard and Reserve units from all the military services were called in to supplement active-duty troops in Iraq.
SIPRMI_150909_37.JPG: A Fledgling Democracy:
In 2005, Iraqis went to the polls to elect a provisional government, approve a national constitution, and elect a permanent Council of Representatives. Subsequently, the new government struggled to function in the face of internal schisms and widespread violence.
SIPRMI_150909_41.JPG: US Casualties:
American deaths in Iraq surpassed 4,000 in April 2008. While American and Iraqi authorities work to sustain a permanent government, US and coalition forces face unrest and insurgency.
Twenty-seven-year-old US Army Ranger captain Russell Ripertoe, killed on April 3, 2003, was the first casualty of the Iraq war buried at Arlington National Cemetery. US forces suffered 139 combat-related deaths before May 1, 2003, when the initial phase of the war ended.
SIPRMI_150909_55.JPG: War in Afghanistan:
The United States and its allies launched attacks against al Qaeda and the Taliban, the fundamentalist Islamic government of Afghanistan.
In October 2001, US and allied forces unleashed a torrent of precision-guided bombs and sea-launched cruise missiles against terrorist havens in Afghanistan. Several hundred Central Intelligence Agency and Special Forces operatives recruited anti-Taliban armies and joined them in ground fighting. Taliban and al Qaeda strongholds were quickly destroyed, but Osama bin Laden and other highly sought leaders escaped. Early on the morning of May 1, 2011, an elite US counterterrorism unit attacked and killed Osama bin Laden and four others in a compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan.
SIPRMI_150909_60.JPG: Air Reconnaissance:
Remote-controlled, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) like this Predator UAV carried cameras and sensors, as well as Hellfire-C laser-guided missiles.
SIPRMI_150909_62.JPG: Ground Reconnaissance:
In Afghanistan, US military forces experimented for the first time with various remote-controlled robots. "PackBots" carried cameras that enabled ground troops to sweep for land mines and explore compounds and caves from a safe distance.
SIPRMI_150909_65.JPG: Humanitarian Aid:
As the United States launched its attacks in Afghanistan, it began a massive humanitarian relief operation. Millions of rations and explanatory fliers were air-dropped. Tons of supplies, from building materials to radios, were distributed on the ground.
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2015 photos: Equipment this year: I mostly used my Fuji XS-1 camera but, depending on the event, I also used a Nikon D7000.
I retired from the US Census Bureau in god-forsaken Suitland, Maryland on my 58th birthday in May. Yee ha!
Trips this year:
a quick trip to Florida.
two Civil War Trust conferences (Raleigh, NC and Richmond, VA), and
my 10th consecutive San Diego Comic-Con trip (including Los Angeles).
Ego Strokes: Carolyn Cerbin used a Kevin Costner photo in her USA Today article. Miss DC pictures were used a few times in the Washington Post.
Number of photos taken this year: just over 550,000.
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