BGuthrie Photos: DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (3) World News Gallery

DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (3) World News Gallery:

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. WNEWS_150110_01.JPG: Final Assignment: Libya War correspondents dodge bullets and bombs to report the truth. Sometimes, they lose their lives. Veteran war photographers Tim Hetherington and Chris Hondros were covering rebels battling Libya leader Moammar Gadhafi when they were killed in a mortar and grenade attack in Misrata on April 20, 2011. Displayed here are items they used to report under dangerous conditions, along with personal belongings they carried as inspiration and comfort.
2. WNEWS_150110_05.JPG: Final Assignment: Libya War correspondents dodge bullets and bombs to report the truth. Sometimes, they lose their lives. Veteran war photographers Tim Hetherington and Chris Hondros were covering rebels battling Libya leader Moammar Gadhafi when they were killed in a mortar and grenade attack in Misrata on April 20, 2011. Displayed here are items they used to report under dangerous conditions, along with personal belongings they carried as inspiration and comfort.
3. WNEWS_150110_11.JPG: Hetherington's Headlamp and Helmet: Tim Hetherington used this headlamp in Libya. He wore this helmet when reporting on US soldiers in Afghanistan for his award-winning 2010 documentary, "Restrepo."
4. WNEWS_150110_18.JPG: This letter from a Libyan rebel group authorized photographers Tim Hetherington, Chris Hondros and Katie Orlinsky to travel to Misrata, where Heterington and Hondros were killed six days later. Hondros also carried this press pass issued in Afghanistan.
5. WNEWS_150110_21.JPG: Terrorists Target Journalists: Around the world, journalists are being kidnapped, tortured and killed as high-stakes pawns in dangerous war zones. In Syria and Yemen, terrorists executed three kidnapped American journalists in 2014. More than 90 journalists have been kidnapped in Syria alone since the country's civil war began in 2011. Some European governments have paid ransoms to release journalists; the US government does not. Governments and news organizations are wrestling with how to protect journalists reporting from regions stalked by extremists.
6. WNEWS_150110_25.JPG: Social Media: A Tool for Terror: Since seizing control of large parts of Syria and Iraq in 2014, the Islamic State terrorist group, also known as ISIS, has waged a propaganda war online. Producing slick videos with action borrowed from movies and video games, the group uses social media sites including YouTube, Instagram and Twitter to recruit followers from the West and spread its message of terror. Media Blackout: Terrorists have turned parts of Syria and Iraq into a virtual black hole for news. Many news organizations have pulled their reporters from the field because of the extreme risks involved. Freelance reporters have stepped in to fill the gap. But after the murders of American freelance journalists James Foley and Scott Sotloff, news outlets including Agence France-Presse and The Washington Post stopped accepting work from freelancers in the area.
7. WNEWS_150110_28.JPG: Regimes Jail Journalists: In many countries, journalists are jailed for doing their jobs. Oppressive regimes arrest reporters to silence criticism or retaliate for their work. Often, the cause of their imprisonment is never revealed. More than 200 journalists around the world were behind bars in 2014, the second-highest number of record, according to the Committee to Protect Journalists. Reporters Behind Bars: In Egypt, three al-Jazeera journalists accused of spreading false news and aiding the outlawed Muslim Brotherhood were sentenced to seven to 10 years in prison in 2014. More than 200,000 people have signed petitions calling for their release. In Iran, Washington Post reporter Jason Rezaian has been imprisoned since July 2014.
8. WNEWS_150110_31.JPG: The Five Worst Countries for Jailing Journalists: China: 44 journalists in jail Iran: 30 Eritrea: 23 Ethiopia: 17 Vietnam: 16 China was the world's worst jailer of journalists in 2014, as the government issued restrictive new rules about what can be covered. In Iran, journalists face lengthy jail sentences for criticizing the state. In Eritrea, journalists are jailed without being charged. A crackdown on independent media and bloggers in Ethiopia led to a spike in arrests there. In Vietnam, outspoken bloggers remain behind bars.
9. WNEWS_150110_35.JPG: Profiles in Courage: Every day, journalists around the world risk abduction, jail and death to report the news. The rise of new strategies by terrorists and governments to suppress information has unleashed unprecedented dangers. "Journalists around the world are confronting a hostage-taking epidemic of record proportions," sail Joel Simon of the Committee to Protect Journalists. Here are some of their stories. Murdered: James Foley: American photojournalist James Foley was kidnapped in Syria in Nov. 22, 2012, when armed men forced him into a van at gunpoint. A seasoned war correspondent, he had been covering the country's civil war for GlobalPost and Agence France-Presse. In August 2014, he was beheaded on camera by an ISIS militant, who posted the video of his murder online. He was 40 years old. Murdered: Steven Sotloff: When American journalist Steven Sotloff (left) crossed the border into Syria on Aug. 4, 2013, his car was stopped at gunpoint, and he was taken hostage. A fearless reporter with a fascination with the Middle East, Sofloff covered the Arab Spring uprisings for Time and other publications. On Sept. 2, 2014, ISIS militants posted a video of his murder online. He was 31.
10. WNEWS_150110_38.JPG: Murdered: Luke Sommers: British-born American freelance photojournalist Luke Summers went to Yemen to teach English but stayed to cover the 2011 Arab Spring uprising for Al Jazeera, the BBC and The New York Times. He was kidnapped by al-Qaida militants in September 2013 as he left a grocery store. IN December 2014, Somers was killed by militants during a failed rescue attempt by US Navy SEALs. He was 33 years old. Missing: Austin Tice: A former Marine captain who served in Iraq and Afghanistan, Austin Tice covered the war in Syria as a freelance journalist for The Washington Post and McClatchy Newspapers. He disappeared in August 2012, just days after his 31st birthday. Since then, the only sign of him has been a shaky 47-second video on YouTube, released a month and a half later, showing him blindfolded, being led by men armed with machine guns.
11. WNEWS_150110_44.JPG: In the News Dangerous Assignment In conflict and crisis, journalists put themselves in peril to bring news to the world.
12. WNEWS_150110_50.JPG: Journalist James Foley's Last Letter Home "His courage and his commitment to tell the important stories of war and human tragedy will stand forever as a shining example of all reporters and to all people who believe in a free press." -- Philip Balboni, president and CEO, GlobalPress American photojournalist James Foley, who was killed by Islamic State militants in August 2014, dictated this message for his family during his nearly two-year captivity in Syria. Because his jailers confiscated written letters, Foley asked a fellow hostage who was about to be released to memorize the words and recount them to Foley's family. A freelance journalist, Foley reported from conflict zones in Afghanistan, Libya and Iraq for news organizations such as GlobalPost and Agence France-Presse. Dear Family and Friends, I remember going to the Mall with Dad, a very long bike ride with Mom. I remember so many great family times that take me away from this prison. Dreams of family and friends take me away and happiness fills my heart. I know you are thinking of me and praying for me. And I am so thankful. I feel you all especially when I pray. I pray for you to stay strong and to believe. I really feel I can touch you even in this darkness when I pray. Eighteen of us have been held together in one cell, which has helped me. We have had each other to have endless long conversations about movies, trivia, sports. We have played games made up of scraps found in our cell…we have found ways to play checkers, Chess, and Risk… and have had tournaments of competition, spending some days preparing strategies for the next day's game or lecture. The games and teaching each other have helped the time pass. They have been a huge help. We repeat stories and laugh to break the tension. I have had weak and strong days. We are so grateful when anyone is freed; but of course, yearn for our own freedom. We try to encourage each other and share strength. We are being fed better now and daily. We have tea, occasional coffee. I have regained most of my weight lost last year. I think a lot about my brothers and sister. I remember playing Werewolf in the dark with Michael and so many other adventures. I think of chasing Mattie and T around the kitchen counter. It makes me happy to think of them. If there is any money left in my bank account, I want it to go to Michael and Matthew. I am so proud of you, Michael and thankful to you for happy childhood memories and to you and Kristie for happy adult ones. And big John, how I enjoyed visiting you and Cress in Germany. Thank you for welcoming me. I think a lot about RoRo and try to imagine what Jack is like. I hope he has RoRo's personality! And Mark… so proud of you too Bro. I think of you on the West coast and hope you are doing some snowboarding and camping, I especially remember us going to the Comedy Club in Boston together and our big hug after. The special moments keep me hopeful. Katie, so very proud of you. You are the strongest and best of us all!! I think of you working so hard, helping people as a nurse. I am so glad we texted just before I was captured. I pray I can come to your wedding…. now I am sounding like Grammy!! Grammy, please take your medicine, take walks and keep dancing. I plan to take you out to Margarita's when I get home. Stay strong because I am going to need your help to reclaim my life. Jim
13. WNEWS_150111_009.JPG: World Press Freedom A Map of Press Freedom: The map on the wall provides a snapshot of press freedom in 194 countries. The ratings are updated annually by Freedom House, an independent private organization that monitors how free the flow of news and information is in each country. Full reports are available at freedomhouse.org
14. WNEWS_150111_011.JPG: Only one person in six lives in a country where the press is free. What Do the Colors on the Map Mean? Each country's press freedom score is determined by accessing the political, legal and economic climate in which the country's news media function. Scores range from 0 (best) to 100 (worst). Countries scoring 0 to 30 are free (green). Countries scoring 31 to 60 are partly free (yellow). Countries scoring 61 to 100 are not free (red). Find Out More: Search the interactive kiosks to the right of the map for detailed information about press freedom and the state of news media in each country.
15. WNEWS_150111_013.JPG: Best for Press Freedom: The Netherlands, Norway and Sweden Why the Dutch, Norwegian and Swedish press are the most free in the world: The Netherlands, Norway and Sweden are three of the most democratic and least corrupt nations in the world, says Freedom House. All three have constitutions that guarantee press freedom. The media express a variety of opinions, and Internet access is widely available and unrestricted. The Netherlands: Airing Diverse Years: Ongoing racial and religious conflicts have dominated the news in the Netherlands for more than a decade. Dutch Public Broadcasting -- the Netherlands' most watched TV network -- gives all social, political and religious groups access to TV and radio air time. Sweden: Digital News Frontier: Aftonbladet, one of Sweden's oldest daily newspapers, has remade itself as an online media giant. In 2013, Aftonbladet said it was the first newspaper in the world to make more money from digital advertising than print. Norway: A Nation of Readers: Norway has one of the world's highest newspaper readership rates, with more than 200 newspapers expressing a diversity of opinions. However, three major companies dominate the print sector, making media concentration a concern.
16. WNEWS_150111_017.JPG: Why the Dutch, Norwegian and Swedish press are the most free in the world: The Netherlands, Norway and Sweden are three of the most democratic and least corrupt nations in the world, says Freedom House. All three have constitutions that guarantee press freedom. The media express a variety of opinions, and Internet access is widely available and unrestricted. In April 2013, Willem-Alexander, left, became the Netherlands' first king in 123 years when his mother, Queen Beatrix, stepped down. His wife, Maxima, is at right.
17. WNEWS_150111_021.JPG: The Netherlands: Airing Diverse Years: Ongoing racial and religious conflicts have dominated the news in the Netherlands for more than a decade. Dutch Public Broadcasting -- the Netherlands' most watched TV network -- gives all social, political and religious groups access to TV and radio air time. Many of Norway's leading newspapers, including Stavanger Aftenblad, Bergens Tidende and Aftenposten, are owned by a single media group, Schibsted Norge.
18. WNEWS_150111_024.JPG: In 2013, Dutch Public Broadcasting launched an app allowing viewers to watch the three main Dutch public channels live and on demand.
19. WNEWS_150111_027.JPG: Norway: A Nation of Readers: Norway has one of the world's highest newspaper readership rates, with more than 200 newspapers expressing a diversity of opinions. However, three major companies dominate the print sector, making media concentration a concern.
20. WNEWS_150111_029.JPG: Aftonblader's Tipsa! mobile app turns readers into citizen journalists, notifying them of breaking news and allowing them to send tips, images and video direct to the news desk.
21. WNEWS_150111_031.JPG: Sweden: Digital News Frontier: Aftonbladet, one of Sweden's oldest daily newspapers, has remade itself as an online media giant. In 2013, Aftonbladet said it was the first newspaper in the world to make more money from digital advertising than print.
22. WNEWS_150111_037.JPG: Worst for Press Freedom: North Korea: Why North Korea's Press is the Least Free in the World: North Korea is home to one of the world's most repressive regimes. All media outlets are run by the state, and journalists serve as mouthpieces for the ruling Workers' Party. North Koreans caught listening to foreign news broadcasts risk harsh punishments, including forced labor and execution. A Secretive State: Getting news out of North Korea is challenging. Foreign journalists routinely have their cellphones seized upon arrival, are constantly monitored and are prevented from talking to people on the street. But journalists manage to reveal news about life under the regime in both sanctioned and undercover ways. Propaganda Dominates News: State-owned news outlets dominate North Korea's media scene, including Rodong Simmun, the newspaper of the ruling Workers' Party, and Korean Central TV. Internet access is rare and strictly controlled, but pro-regime propaganda is spread abroad through the regime's websites and YouTube and Twitter accounts.
23. WNEWS_150111_040.JPG: Why North Korea's Press is the Least Free in the World: North Korea is home to one of the world's most repressive regimes. All media outlets are run by the state, and journalists serve as mouthpieces for the ruling Workers' Party. North Koreans caught listening to foreign news broadcasts risk harsh punishments, including forced labor and execution. North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, right, salutes during a military parade in Pyongyang. In 2013, Kim's uncle, Jang Song Thaek, third from right, was accused of trying to overthrow the state and executed.
24. WNEWS_150111_048.JPG: Rinjin-rang, launched by a Japanese journalist, is the first newsmagazine to regularly feature independent reporting form inside North Korea. Undercover reporters, such as the one disguised in this online video, use hidden cameras to capture news that they smuggle out of the country.
25. WNEWS_150111_051.JPG: A Secretive State: Getting news out of North Korea is challenging. Foreign journalists routinely have their cellphones seized upon arrival, are constantly monitored and are prevented from talking to people on the street. But journalists manage to reveal news about life under the regime in both sanctions and undercover ways.
26. WNEWS_150111_053.JPG: Propaganda Dominates News: State-owned news outlets dominate North Korea's media scene, including Rodong Simmun, the newspaper of the ruling Workers' Party, and Korean Central TV. Internet access is rare and strictly controlled, but pro-regime propaganda is spread abroad through the regime's websites and YouTube and Twitter accounts.
27. WNEWS_150111_060.JPG: In 2012, the North Korean newspaper Rodong Sinmun launched an English-language version of its website to expand its propaganda to an international audience.
28. WNEWS_150111_062.JPG: In 2012, the Associate Press opened its first full-time news bureau in North Korea. Chief Asia photographer David Guttenfelder uses the photo-sharing app Instagram to highlight rarely seen views of the repressive country.
29. WNEWS_150111_066.JPG: Why in the World? Frequently Asked Questions: Sometimes, the press freedom ratings of countries on the map surprise people or cause disagreement. Here are some frequently asked questions about the map. What does Freedom House say about the news media in the United States? The rating for the United States is "free," thanks to the protections of the First Amendment. But journalists risk prosecution for protecting their sources. IN 2013, the government expanded attempts to control access to official information concerning national security. Why are there so few countries in Africa with a "free" rating? Press freedom trends are mixed in Africa, with improvements in the West but declines in the East, says Freedom House. Ghana is the only country in mainland Africa with a free press, but several African island nations are also rated "free." Why is Italy's press only "partly free"? Media ownership is one of the factors that determine press freedom. Italy's media outlets are concentrated in the hands of a few, including former Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi, who controls a significant portion of private media, including several television stations and the largest magazine publishing and advertising firms. Why can't I find Tibet on the map? Tibet has been governed by China since 1951. Chinese officials tightly control the news media in Tibet, which is covered under China's "not free" rating. Many Tibetans resent Chinese rule. The Dalai Lama, who fled Tibet more than 50 years ago after a failed uprising against the Chinese, remains its spiritual leader in exile. How many countries are on the map? The map shows 194 countries: the 193 member states of the United Nations plus Taiwan. Also identified on the map are Greenland (a self-governing dependency of Denmark) and French Guinea (a possession of France). The newest UN member state is South Sudan, which broke from Sudan and became an independent nation in 2011. South Sudan's press freedom is rated "not free."
30. WNEWS_150111_069.JPG: What does Freedom House say about the news media in the United States? The rating for the United States is "free," thanks to the protections of the First Amendment. But journalists risk prosecution for protecting their sources. IN 2013, the government expanded attempts to control access to official information concerning national security.
31. WNEWS_150111_071.JPG: Why are there so few countries in Africa with a "free" rating? Press freedom trends are mixed in Africa, with improvements in the West but declines in the East, says Freedom House. Ghana is the only country in mainland Africa with a free press, but several African island nations are also rated "free."
32. WNEWS_150111_073.JPG: Why is Italy's press only "partly free"? Media ownership is one of the factors that determine press freedom. Italy's media outlets are concentrated in the hands of a few, including former Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi, who controls a significant portion of private media, including several television stations and the largest magazine publishing and advertising firms.
33. WNEWS_150111_076.JPG: Why can't I find Tibet on the map? Tibet has been governed by China since 1951. Chinese officials tightly control the news media in Tibet, which is covered under China's "not free" rating. Many Tibetans resent Chinese rule. The Dalai Lama, who fled Tibet more than 50 years ago after a failed uprising against the Chinese, remains its spiritual leader in exile.
34. WNEWS_150111_078.JPG: How many countries are on the map? The map shows 194 countries: the 193 member states of the United Nations plus Taiwan. Also identified on the map are Greenland (a self-governing dependency of Denmark) and French Guinea (a possession of France). The newest UN member state is South Sudan, which broke from Sudan and became an independent nation in 2011. South Sudan's press freedom is rated "not free."
35. WNEWS_150111_080.JPG: The World Has Changed Press Freedom Changes: The Newseum's world press freedom map has been updated to reflect the latest finding from Freedom House. The percentage of the world's population that has access to a free press remained at its lowest point in more than a decade in 2013, as many governments intensified their efforts to limit the independence of both traditional and online media. Here are the changes and reasons the rating improved or declined, according to Freedom House. The Good News: Israel -- Partly Free --> Free: * Harassment and physical attacks on journalists declined. * Use of laws to restrict the press declined. Algeria -- Not Free --> Partly Free: * Three private television stations emerged, ending the government's monopoly on domestic broadcast media. * Journalists faced fewer physical attacks. * Use of laws to restrict the press declined. Cote D'Ivoire -- Not Free --> Party Free: * The government decreated its use of restrictive press laws. * Official censorship declined. * More private news outlets were established. * Journalists faced fewer incidents of harassment and attack. Paraguay -- Not Free --> Party Free: * Political influence over state-owned media decreased. * Use of laws to restrict the press declined. The Bad News: Libya -- Partly Free --> Not Free: * As Libya's security situation deteriorated, journalists faced an increase in threats, kidnappings and attacks. * Laws were used to charge journalists with defamation. South Sudan -- Partly Free --> Not Free: * Journalists were increasingly attacked while covering news. * Political and ethnic unrest led to an increase in threats, attacks and arbitrary detentions of journalists by security officials. Turkey -- Partly Free --> Not Free: * The country remained the world's leading jailer of journalists. * Dozens of journalists were forced from their jobs by media owners because of stories they wrote. Ukraine -- Partly Free --> Not Free: * Harassment and violence against journalists increased. * Pro-government groups increased their concentration of print media ownership. Zambia -- Partly Free --> Not Free: * Independent news outlets and journalists faced increased harassment from the government. * Anti-government websites were blocked. Nauru -- Free --> Party Free: * The government restricted press coverage of elections. * Foreign journalists must pay a prohibitive fee to cover events in Nauru.
36. WNEWS_150111_083.JPG: Press Freedom Changes: The Newseum's world press freedom map has been updated to reflect the latest finding from Freedom House. The percentage of the world's population that has access to a free press remained at its lowest point in more than a decade in 2013, as many governments intensified their efforts to limit the independence of both traditional and online media.
37. WNEWS_150111_085.JPG: The Good News: Israel -- Partly Free --> Free: * Harassment and physical attacks on journalists declined. * Use of laws to restrict the press declined. Algeria -- Not Free --> Partly Free: * Three private television stations emerged, ending the government's monopoly on domestic broadcast media. * Journalists faced fewer physical attacks. * Use of laws to restrict the press declined. Cote D'Ivoire -- Not Free --> Party Free: * The government decreated its use of restrictive press laws. * Official censorship declined. * More private news outlets were established. * Journalists faced fewer incidents of harassment and attack. Paraguay -- Not Free --> Party Free: * Political influence over state-owned media decreased. * Use of laws to restrict the press declined.
38. WNEWS_150111_092.JPG: The Bad News: Libya -- Partly Free --> Not Free: * As Libya's security situation deteriorated, journalists faced an increase in threats, kidnappings and attacks. * Laws were used to charge journalists with defamation. South Sudan -- Partly Free --> Not Free: * Journalists were increasingly attacked while covering news. * Political and ethnic unrest led to an increase in threats, attacks and arbitrary detentions of journalists by security officials. Turkey -- Partly Free --> Not Free: * The country remained the world's leading jailer of journalists. * Dozens of journalists were forced from their jobs by media owners because of stories they wrote. Ukraine -- Partly Free --> Not Free: * Harassment and violence against journalists increased. * Pro-government groups increased their concentration of print media ownership. Zambia -- Partly Free --> Not Free: * Independent news outlets and journalists faced increased harassment from the government. * Anti-government websites were blocked. Nauru -- Free --> Party Free: * The government restricted press coverage of elections. * Foreign journalists must pay a prohibitive fee to cover events in Nauru.
39. WNEWS_150111_098.JPG: Touch and Explore -- South African Ballot Box: Free elections, like a free press, do not exist in many parts of the world. This is bronze casting of a ballot box used in South Africa's landmark 1994 elections, which marked the official end of the country's system of racial separation, known as apartheid. Voters elected Nelson Mandela, an anti-apartheid activist who spent 27 years in jail, as president.
40. WNEWS_150111_104.JPG: Press Freedom Around The World: This map provides a snapshot of press freedom in the world as determined by Freedom House, an independent private organization considered the leading source of information on freedom around the globe. Freedom House's annual press freedom survey calculates a total score from 0 (best) to 100 (worst) based on data that analyze how free the flow of news and information is in each country. Countries scoring 0 to 30 are classified as having a "free" media [green on the map], countries scoring 31 to 60 are considered "partly free" [yellow on the map] and countries scoring 61 to 100 are deemed "not free" [red on the map]. In terms of population, the vast majority of people live in countries with media that are "partly free" or "not free." The full report is available at www.freedomhouse.org .
41. WNEWS_150111_109.JPG: World News
42. WNEWS_150111_112.JPG: Covering the Globe: International news informs and connects the world. From war to famine to social upheaval, the news media chronicle international events that shape the world. But every day, journalists face intimidation, censorship and perilous conditions. Journalists have been attacked and imprisoned simply for asking a question or reporting facts. Yet news still gets out, exposing the truth through the mainstream, underground and Internet press. In this gallery, a vivid map illustrates the differences in press freedom around the world. Daily front pages show the vibrancy of news and the diverse ways in which news is covered. International icons of freedom and the stories of journalists who risked their lives to report the news stand as reminders of the power of the press to spur change.
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- 2008_DC_Newseum_WorldNews: DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (3) World News Gallery (10 photos from 2008)
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2015 photos: Equipment this year: I mostly used my Fuji XS-1 camera but, depending on the event, I also used a Nikon D7000. I retired from the US Census Bureau in god-forsaken Suitland, Maryland on my 58th birthday in May. Yee ha! Trips this year: a quick trip to Florida. two Civil War Trust conferences (Raleigh, NC and Richmond, VA), and my 10th consecutive San Diego Comic-Con trip (including Los Angeles). Ego Strokes: Carolyn Cerbin used a Kevin Costner photo in her USA Today article. Miss DC pictures were used a few times in the Washington Post. Number of photos taken this year: just over 550,000.
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Photo Contact: [Email Bruce Guthrie].