BGuthrie Photos: CA -- San Diego -- Embarcadero area

CA -- San Diego -- Embarcadero area:

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. EMBARC_140727_014.JPG: Punta de Los Muertos Ship San Antonio landed here April 11, 1769 Ship San Carlos arrived May 1, 1769. Crews sick with scurvy, many died and were buried here. The rest proceeded to Old Town May 17, 1769. Dedicated March 6, 1932. By San Diego Parlor 208, Native Daughters of the Golden West.
2. EMBARC_140727_039.JPG: Sea Dragon Deana Mando 2006
3. EMBARC_140727_060.JPG: Tuna Fleet Service, World War II (1941-1945) -- Tuna Harbor, San Diego -- During World War II, 600 fishing vessels were taken by the Navy, Army, and Coast Guard, including 52 "Tuna Clippers". On Pearl Harbor Day, the U.S. canned tuna industry was located almost exclusively in Southern California, and canners received most of their tuna from "baitboats". Fishermen on these boats chum live bait (sardines, anchovies) to attract the tunas into a feeding frenzy and then rigid bamboo poles to pull the hooked tunas aboard. Dating from 1924, a fleet of large "baitboats" was developed and became known as "Tuna Clippers". These large ships, equipped with powerful diesel engines and newly developed brine refrigeration, fished for tunas found migrating thousands of miles from San Diego on trips of 90 days or more. During the 1930s, this San Diego high seas fleet was studied by the U.S. Navy, resulting in wartime plans that included the conversion of Tuna Clippers to minesweepers. At the time Pearl Harbor was attacked, there were 90 vessels in the California baitboat fleet, including 76 Tuna Clippers plus 3 under construction. The 49 Tuna Clippers taken by the Navy and 3 by the Army represented about 55% of the fish carrying capacity of the entire baitboat fleet. After war was declared, the Government ordered the Tuna Fleet to make port in California or Panama. Ten of the Tuna Clippers entering the Canal Zone in December 1941, were immediately taken for temporary patrol duty. The U.S. Army took three Clippers for use in the Panama Sea region, the Shasta and Cape as tugs and the Invader as a supply ship. On February 16, 1942, tuna fishermen attended a meeting conducted by Commander W. J. Morcott, USN (Ret.) at the Naval Reserve Armory. 600 tuna fishermen signed up, with Skippers and Engineers receiving warrant ratings, and others given petty officer ratings according to age and experience. Within 10 days, a fleet of 16 Tuna Clippers, painted gray and marked with YP number designations as Yard Patrol vessels, left San Diego harbor on February 25, 1942. Their destination was the "Panama Sea Frontier" for picket duty to protect the Canal. In May 1942, a convoy of six YP Clippers left San Diego for the "Hawaiian Sea Frontier". These YPs transported supplies to French Frigate Shoals, the islands of Midway, Johnston, Fanning, Christmas, Palmyra, and Canton. In June 1942, seven YP Clippers left San Diego, for service at Efate Island or Samoa, or Auckland, New Zealand. In November 1942, another group of five headed for the U.S. Naval base at Tutuilla, Samoa. As the conflict moved towards Japan, YP Tuna Clippers were sent on missions to other Islands and Atolls of the Western Pacific. The Navy discovered that "Yippies" were also called the "Pork Chop Express" or "Errand Boys of the Pacific" or the "Solomon Island Ferry". During the Solomon Island Campaign in 1942, the Paramount (YP 289) and the Picoroto (YP 290) delivered frozen turkeys and all the fixings for a traditional holiday feast at Guadalcanal Island. In 1943, frozen turkeys were also delivered to the Marines fighting on Bougainville in time for Thanksgiving by the American Beauty (YP-514). "Yippies" were equipped with CW radios, fathometers, Navy radar and Navy sonar. Armament included machineguns, and other gun gear to fire Depth charges. The YP crew of tuna fishermen and regular Navy ran from 4 to 20 men. Two YPs were sunk in the Solomon Islands campaign by enemy surface ships. On 9 September 1942, off Tulagi Island, the Prospect (YP-346) and on 25 October 1942 off Guadalcanal Island, the Endeavor (YP-284). The number of casualties sustained is unknown. Two YPs were lost in the Midway region. On 23 May 1942, the Triunfo (YP 277) was destroyed by fire and explosions en route to French Frigate Shoals (North of Hawaii), and then scuttled to avoid enemy capture. Only two crewmembers survived. During October 1942, the Yankee (YP-345), with 17 crewmembers, on a voyage from Pearl Harbor to Midway Island via French Frigate Shoals was "lost without trace from causes unknown". Four YPs were lost sea: California (YP-235) on 1 April 1943, after fire and beaching in the Gulf of Mexico from an explosion of undetermined origin; Navigator (YP-279), 5 September 1943, foundered in heavy weather en route to Townsville, Australia; Cape San Vincent (YP-280), on 24 April 1946, sank near Saipan Island; San Salvador (YP-281) on 9 January 1944, was destroyed after the foundering in Force 9 storm, with crew of 19 and one dog rescued, near Wallis Island, South Pacific. After transfer to the U.S. Army in July, 1943 the Sea Tern (ex-YP-269) was lost at sea off Baja California. Three YPs were destroyed during October 1945 because of a typhoon off Okinawa: Paramount (YF-289); Counte Grande (YP-520) and Challenger (YP-239). The Navy destroyed 7 YPs after the War during 1946 and 1947: American VoyagerCipango (YP-504), Europa (YP-236), Falcon (YP-515), Queen Anelia (YP-516), Queen Elizabeth (YP-519), and Yvonne Louise (YP-282). The successful wartime experience of the "Yippies", caused the Navy to build 30 wood-hull vessels patterned on the Tuna Clipper design. Each of 30 newly constructed Navy YPs was of 128 128 in length, of 14 feet draft, and powered with a 500 H.P. diesel main engine. They were built during 1945, two each by 15 different shipyards located in California, Oregon, and Washington. Commencing in 1947, 24 of these YPs were added to the U.S. Tuna Fleet. After the war, the Navy and Army transferred 33 surviving former Tuna Clippers to the War Shipping Administration (WSA) for buy-back by the previous owners. Three of these surviving vessels never returned to the U.S. tuna fishery: Cabrillo, Fisherman II, and Theodore Foss. Tuna clippers joined the navy too and were painted a dull slate grey, while the stalwart Portuguese descendants learned to fire the guns that were mounted upon the deck. Equipped with the fines refrigeration systems, these trim craft became "errand boys" of the Pacific; delivering food and fuel to the fronts. One day these tunaboats will be convoying a fleet of small ships to Panama. Next month, perhaps, they'll be off to Midway Island with gasoline for navy PBYs. Two months later, they'll be down in the Solomons running the "milk route" between Guadalcanal and Tulagi with supplies – part of the saga of men and boats. excerpt from: San Diego Union, July 23, 1943. During the summer of 1911, at the foot of "F" Street, the first tuna cannery of San Diego became operational. During 1930-1949, a pier located at the foot of "G" Street was built by the Port for use by Tuna Clippers, their suppliers and Association; it was called "Fishermen's Wharf." Left: The predominant method of fishing tuna: chumming livebait and using "pole and line." Scores of converted tuna clippers slipped out of San Diego Bay on their way to do valiant work in Pacific battle areas. First boats sailed from here Feb. 25, 1942. These small, sturdy, diesel-powered boats are ideal for conveying and patrolling as well as for transporting needed war supplies to defeat the Japanese. -- excerpt from: San Diego Union, July 23, 1943.
4. EMBARC_140727_074.JPG: USS San Diego Memorial
5. EMBARC_140727_083.JPG: Hundreds of thousands of sailors went to sea and fought in World War II, perhaps the most singular unifying event in the history of the United States. These young Americans set aside their individual hopes and aspirations, left families, homes and jobs in a collective sacrifice to defend their country and their common ideals. The men of the USS San Diego (CL-53) remembered here are emblematic of all who fought for victory in the epic struggle.
6. EMBARC_140727_089.JPG: USS San Diego (CL-53) Light Cruiser Crew: 756 Officers and Men Battle Record Guadalcanal to Tokyo Bay 1942 to 1945 34 Enemy Engagements – 18 Battle Stars Steamed 312,000 NM Second most decorated ship in World War II, Never lost a man to enemy action First major Allied warship into Tokyo Bay at war's end, August 1945 Major Campaigns
7. EMBARC_140727_100.JPG: Clifton A. F. Sprague, Vice Admiral, USN
8. EMBARC_140727_101.JPG: Clifton A. F. Sprague, Vice Admiral, USN Born 8 January 1896 - Died 11 April 1955 Awards Navy Cross for the 25 October 1944 action off Samar. Admiral Sprague was aboard the escort carrier, USS Fanshaw Bay during this engagement. Legion of Merit Medal for his command of the USS Wasp. Gold Star in lieu of second Legion of Merit for the Morotai landings. Gold Star in lieu of third Legion of Merit for the Iwo Jima and Okinawa operations. Gold Star in lieu of fourth Legion of Merit for Operation Crossroads. Presidential Unit Citation to Task Unit 77.4.3, the escort carriers and screen he commanded off Samar. Philippine Presidential Unit Citation to Task Unit 77.4.3. The guided missile frigate USS Sprague (FFG-16) was launched at Bath, Maine, on 13 February 1980. Inducted into the Carrier Aviation Hall of Fame in Charleston, South Carolina, on 13 October 1985.
9. EMBARC_140727_107.JPG: Clifton A. F. Sprague, Vice Admiral, USN Born 8 January 1896 - Died 11 April 1955 Awards Navy Cross for the 25 October 1944 action off Samar. Admiral Sprague was aboard the escort carrier, USS Fanshaw Bay during this engagement. Legion of Merit Medal for his command of the USS Wasp. Gold Star in lieu of second Legion of Merit for the Morotai landings. Gold Star in lieu of third Legion of Merit for the Iwo Jima and Okinawa operations. Gold Star in lieu of fourth Legion of Merit for Operation Crossroads. Presidential Unit Citation to Task Unit 77.4.3, the escort carriers and screen he commanded off Samar. Philippine Presidential Unit Citation to Task Unit 77.4.3. The guided missile frigate USS Sprague (FFG-16) was launched at Bath, Maine, on 13 February 1980. Inducted into the Carrier Aviation Hall of Fame in Charleston, South Carolina, on 13 October 1985.
10. EMBARC_140727_109.JPG: History Panel "1"]: Admiral Clifton A. F. Sprague led the thirteen ships of Task Unit 77.4.3 (known as Taffy 3) in a decisive battle against a vastly superior Japanese task force of battleships, cruisers, and destroyers on 25 October 1944. "What chance could we have with 6 slow, thin-skinned escort carriers and 7 small screen vessels, each armed with 5-inch pea-shooters, against the 18-, 16-, 8- and 5-inch broadsides of the enemy warships bearing down on us at twice our speed?" - Admiral Sprague. Sprague's decisive action came five days after General Douglas MacArthur's soldiers and Marines established a beachhead on Leyte Island in the Philippine Islands.
11. EMBARC_140727_112.JPG: [Back, History Panel "2"]: The courage and determination of the officers and men aboard the 13 ships and the valor of the men of the air squadrons memorialized here probably saved the lives of thousands of Allied fighting men on the shores of Leyte. "If we can get the enemy task force to attack us, we can delay its descent on Leyte until help comes, though obviously the end will come sooner for us." -- Admiral Sprague. The 7 Ameican screen vessels made effective torpedo attacks on the enemy battleships and cruisers and a number of salvos from their 5-inch guns struck the Japanese ships' superstructures. This unexpected counter attack by the Americans disrupted the enemy's plan of attack and forced several ships out of formation as they attempted to avoid the U.S. Navy's attack. This monument has been funded by the men who served on the ships and flew the aircraft during this historic battle and by their families and friends. We are deeply grateful to the San Diego Unified Port Authority which has donated the land and will provide perpetual care for this monument. Dedicated 23 October 1996.
12. EMBARC_140727_114.JPG: [History Panel "3"]: Five American ships were sunk before the enemy turned away from the intended target that lay just over the horizon. Land and carrier-based aircraft sank or seriously damaged many of the enemy ships, negating their effectiveness as a fighting force for the remainder of World War Two. "Few can compare with the courage, coolness and tactical genius of 'Ziggie' Sprague. His aggressiveness bewildered the Japanese and infected all his forces, surface and air." - quoted in John Wukovits' biography of Admiral Sprague, "Devotion to Duty." Admiral Sprague survived the Battle of Leyte Gulf and was awarded the Navy Cross for his heroic action and outstanding leadership.
13. EMBARC_140727_127.JPG: I shall return. -- General Douglas MacArthur (1942)
14. EMBARC_140727_132.JPG: Two things have altered not. Since first the world began. The beauty of the wild green earth. And the bravery of man -- Alan Clark (1985)
15. EMBARC_140727_135.JPG: In the final choice a soldier's back is not so heavy a burden as a prisoner's chains. -- President Dwight D Eisenhower (1953)
16. EMBARC_140727_141.JPG: This planting of flowering cherry trees is a living symbol of the lasting friendship and heartfelt appreciation between the people of Japan and San Diego.
17. EMBARC_140727_150.JPG: "Unconditional Surrender" by Seward Johnson, (c) 2004, 2005 This sculpture depicts one of the most famous and iconic moments in the history of the United States, reflecting the joy of the American people upon learning World War II had ended. It is inspired by the spontaneous celebration in New York City's Times Square in August 1945. ... Dedicated February 16, 2013
18. EMBARC_140727_156.JPG: A National Salute to Bob Hope and the Military
19. EMBARC_140727_204.JPG: The Big Bay San Diego Bay
20. EMBARC_140727_323.JPG: Homecoming Stanley Bleifeld Dedicated 13 August 1998
21. EMBARC_140727_338.JPG: United States Aircraft Carrier Memorial West face: "The air fleet of an enemy will never get within striking distance of our coast as long as our aircraft carriers are able to carry the preponderance of airpower to sea," -- Rear Admiral W. A. Moffett, USN, 1922 The advent of the aircraft carrier revolutionized modern naval warfare. This memorial was conceived by aircraft carrier veterans to honor this nation's carriers and the personnel who proudly served aboard them. Powered by the human soul, these ships changed the course of history. This site is known as the Old Navy "Fleet Landing"… where countless thousands of servicemen boarded boats that transferred them to their ships. The names of all U.S. Navy aircraft carriers and their hull numbers are inscribed hereon … from the smallest to the largest. Every "flattop" is of equal distinction - none above the other. The personnel who manned, fought and in some cases perished aboard these ships were and are a part of the finest Navy and Marine Corps in the world. Dedicated this Seventeenth day of February Nineteen hundred and ninety three
22. EMBARC_140727_374.JPG: In memory of the 2335 men who perished in the service of their country on the Island of Oahu, TH. December 7, 1941 Pearl Harbor Survivors Association Carnation Chapter Three San Diego 1984
Wikipedia Description: Embarcadero (San Diego)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Embarcadero in San Diego, California, USA is the area along the San Diego harbor on the east side of San Diego Bay. "Embarcadero" is a Spanish word meaning "landing place". The Embarcadero sits on property administered by the Port of San Diego, in the Columbia district of Downtown San Diego.

The Embarcadero is home to the San Diego cruise ship terminal, the USS Midway museum ship at Navy Pier, the Star of India and seven other historic vessels belonging to the San Diego Maritime Museum, and various restaurants and shops from the North Embarcadero down through Seaport Village. The Port is redeveloping the historic Broadway Pier to create a second cruise-ship pier and terminal. That project is slated for completion in December 2010.

Embarcadero Circle

Embarcadero Circle is a redevelopment project in the North Embarcadero, located at Broadway and Harbor Drive. It is scheduled for completion in 2010. It will include the new cruise ship terminal at Broadway Pier, as well as two hotels: a 27-story Marriott hotel with 500 rooms and a 20,000 sq ft (1,900 m2). concert venue, and a 16-story Ritz-Carlton with 250 rooms. Embarcadero Circle is located north of the Navy Broadway Complex.

North Embarcadero Visionary Plan

In 1997 a major redevelopment of the Embarcadero was proposed, to be carried out through a Joint Powers Authority (JPA), composed of the City of San Diego, the Centre City Development Corporation (CCDC), and the Port of San Diego. The proposed redevelopment was called the North Embarcadero Visionary Plan, a multi-phased redevelopment of the waterfront in Downtown San Diego. This redevelopment project proposed to move Harbor Drive 40 feet (12 m) to the east and build an esplanade from B Street Pier to the former Navy Pier along Harbor Drive. It also included public art displays, tree groves and open spaces, while continuing San Diego's tradition of having a working waterfront, according to Port plans. The proposed redevelopment area was bordered by Market Street to the south (Marina District), Laurel Street to the north (Little Italy), and the railroad tracks to the east.

However, the proposed redevelopment project was sent back to the drawing boards in April 2010 when the California Coastal Commission rejected it. A major issue was the disappearance from the plan of an originally proposed 79,000-square-foot (7,300 m2) grassy park. In the plan rejected by the Coastal Commission, the park had been replaced by a smaller, hardscape plaza. The Port will now amend its master plan and resubmit its proposal for Coastal Commission approval - a process that can take several years.
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