VA -- Arlington Natl Cemetery -- Not Covered Elsewhere:
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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
ARL_131111_063.JPG: 385th Bomb Squad (H)
8th Air Force
1943-1945
Great Ashfield
(Station 155)
Suffolk, England
In memory of all who served aiding in the liberation of Europe during World War II
Dedicated 1986
ARL_131111_066.JPG: Dedicated to the gallant and victorious men and women who participated in the Battle of the Bulge, World War II, 16 December 1944 thru 25 January 1945 in Belgium and Luxembourg, the greatest battle ever fought by the United States Army. Presented by veterans of the Battle of Bulge on 16 December 1986.
ARL_131111_077.JPG: Lee Marvin
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Lee Marvin (February 19, 1924 – August 29, 1987) was an American film and television actor.
Known for his distinctive voice and premature white hair, Marvin initially appeared in supporting roles, mostly villains, soldiers, and other hardboiled characters. A prominent television role was that of Detective Lieutenant Frank Ballinger in the crime series M Squad (1957–1960). Marvin is best remembered for his lead roles as "tough guy" characters such as Charlie Strom in The Killers (1964), Rico Fardan in The Professionals (1966), Major John Reisman in The Dirty Dozen, Walker in Point Blank (both 1967), and the Sergeant in The Big Red One (1980).
One of Marvin's more notable movie projects was Cat Ballou (1965), a comedy Western in which he played dual roles. For portraying both gunfighter Kid Shelleen and criminal Tim Strawn, he won the Academy Award for Best Actor, along with a BAFTA Award, a Golden Globe Award, an NBR Award, and the Silver Bear for Best Actor.
ARL_131111_080.JPG: Jimmy Doolittle
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
General/Doctor James Harold "Jimmy" Doolittle, USAF (December 14, 1896 – September 27, 1993) was an American aviation pioneer. Doolittle served as an officer in the United States Army Air Forces during the Second World War. He earned the Medal of Honor for his valor and leadership as commander of the Doolittle Raid while a lieutenant colonel.
ARL_131111_082.JPG: Frank Reynolds
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Frank James Reynolds (November 29, 1923 – July 20, 1983) was an American television journalist for ABC and CBS News.
He was a New York-based anchor of the ABC Evening News from 1968 to 1970 and later was the Washington D.C.-based co-anchor of World News Tonight from 1978 until his death in 1983. During the Iran hostage crisis, he began the 30-minute late-night program America Held Hostage, which later was renamed Nightline.
ARL_131111_085.JPG: The Rakkasans
"In honor of our fallen comrades, 'till we form again."
187th Infantry Regiment (United States)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The 187th Infantry Regiment (Rakkasans) is a regiment of the 101st Airborne Division (Air Assault) of the United States Army. The nickname "Rakkasans" is derived from the Japanese word for umbrella. The name was given to the 187th during its tour in occupied Japan following World War II. When a translator dealing with local Japanese dignitaries was trying to explain what their unit was trained to do (and not knowing the Japanese word for "airborne soldiers") he used the phrase "falling down umbrella men", or rakkasan. Amused by the clumsy word, the locals began to call the troopers by that nickname; it soon stuck and became a point of pride for the unit.
As of 2012, the 1st and 3rd Battalions are the only active elements of the regiment; they are assigned to the 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 101st Airborne Division.
ARL_131111_093.JPG: General George C. Marshall
1880-1959
Planted on 5 June 1997 to mark the 50th Anniversary of the unveiling of the Marshall Plan with soil from Uniontown, PA, the Virginia Military Institute, the Department of State, the Department of Defense, and Dodona Manor.
Army Chief of Staff, President of the American Red Cross, and Secretary of Defense.
For his efforts to assist the recovery of postwar Europe through the Plan, that came to bear his name, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace.
"Our policy is directed not against any country or doctrine but against hunger, poverty, desperation, and chaos."
-- Excerpt from Harvard University Commencement Address, June 5, 1947
ARL_131111_115.JPG: 511 Parachute Infantry Regiment
In honor of the valiant paratroopers who made the supreme sacrifice in liberating the Philippines. This regiment secured peace in the Asiatic-Pacific theatre of war and was the first to occupy Japan
ARL_131111_243.JPG: Indian Campaigns
ARL_131111_245.JPG: George Crook
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
George R. Crook (September 8, 1828 – March 21, 1890) was a career United States Army officer, most noted for his distinguished service during the American Civil War and the Indian Wars. During the 1880s, the Apache nicknamed Crook Nantan Lupan, which means "Grey Wolf."
ARL_131111_263.JPG: Hiram Berdan
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hiram Berdan (September 6, 1824–March 31, 1893) was an American engineer, inventor and military officer, world-renowned marksman, and guiding force behind and commanding colonel of the famed United States Volunteer Sharpshooter Regiments during the American Civil War. He was the inventor of the Berdan rifle, the Berdan centerfire primer and numerous other weapons and accessories.
ARL_131111_270.JPG: James Ord
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
James Edward Ord (born 9 October 1987) is an English cricketer. Ord is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm off break. He was born in Birmingham, Warwickshire.
While studying for his degree at Loughborough University, Ord made a single first-class appearance for Loughborough UCCE against Hampshire in 2010. In this match, he was dismissed for a single run by David Griffiths in Loughborough's first-innings, while in their second-innings he was dismissed for 9 runs by David Balcombe. In that same season he made his List A debut in the 2009 NatWest Pro40 against Middlesex. He made a further List A appearance for Warwickshire in that competition against Northamptonshire. The following season, he made his only first-class appearance for Warwickshire against Essex in the County Championship. He was dismissed for a single run in Warwickshire's first-innings by Andrew Carter, while in their second-innings he was dismissed for 6 runs by David Masters. At the end of the 2010 season, Ord along with Calum MacLeod, was released by Warwickshire.
Ord joined the Unicorns for the 2011 Clydesdale Bank 40. On his debut for the team, he scored 55 in a losing cause against Gloucestershire.
ARL_131111_285.JPG: Alexander Asboth
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Alexander (Sandor) Asboth (Hungarian: Asbóth Sándor, December 18, 1811 – January 21, 1868) was a Hungarian military leader best known for his victories as a Union general during the American Civil War. He also served as United States Ambassador to Argentina and as United States Ambassador to Uruguay.
ARL_131111_295.JPG: James Carroll (scientist)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Major James Carroll (June 5, 1854-September 16, 1907) was a US Army physician.
Carroll was born in England. He moved to Canada in 1874, and enlisted in the U.S. Army in 1874. He graduated with an M.D. from the University of Maryland in 1891. In 1900 he served as an American physician and a member of the Yellow Fever Commission in Cuba, along with Walter Reed, Jesse William Lazear, and Aristides Agramonte. He and Lazear subjected themselves to the bite of infectious mosquitoes to test the theory that mosquitoes were carriers of yellow fever. The infection he contracted eventually killed him.
ARL_131111_301.JPG: John Gibbon
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
John Gibbon (April 20, 1827 – February 6, 1896) was a career United States Army officer who fought in the American Civil War and the Indian Wars.
ARL_131111_326.JPG: Mary Randolph
Mary Randolph, wife of David Meade Randoph, and first person known to be buried at Arlington, was the eldest child of Thomas Mann and Ann Cary Randolph, of Tuckahoe. Her maternal grandfather was Archibald Cary, of Ampthill; Her paternal grandfather was William Randolph, of Tuckahoe. She was a direct descendant of Pocohontas; A Cousin of Thomas Jefferson; of Mary Lee Fitzhugh Custis, wife of George Washington Parke Custis, the builder of Arlington House; and of Robert E. Lee. Her brother Thomas Mann Randolph, Governor of Virginia 1819-1821, married Martha Jefferson, daughter of Thomas Jefferson. Her eldest son was William Beverley Randolph, through whom alone her line was descended. Her youngest son, Burwell Starke Randolph, when a midshipman in the U.S. Navy, fell from a mast and was crippled. Her devoted care of that injured son is said to have hastened her death, and would seem to explain her epitaph.
ARL_131111_338.JPG: William O. Douglas
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
William Orville Douglas (October 16, 1898 – January 19, 1980) served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. His term, lasting 36 years and 209 days (1939–75), is the longest term in the history of the Supreme Court. Douglas holds a number of records as a Supreme Court Justice, including the most opinions. He was the 79th person appointed and confirmed to the bench of that court. In 1975 Time magazine called Douglas "the most doctrinaire and committed civil libertarian ever to sit on the court".
ARL_131111_341.JPG: Hyman G. Rickover
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hyman George Rickover (January 27, 1900 – July 8, 1986) was a four-star admiral of the United States Navy who directed the original development of naval nuclear propulsion and controlled its operations for three decades as director of Naval Reactors. In addition, he oversaw the development of the Shippingport Atomic Power Station, the world's first commercial pressurized water reactor used for generating electricity.
Rickover is known as the "Father of the Nuclear Navy", which as of July 2007 had produced 200 nuclear-powered submarines, and 23 nuclear-powered aircraft carriers and cruisers, though many of these U.S. vessels are now decommissioned and others under construction.
On 16 November 1973 Rickover was promoted to four-star admiral after 51 years of commissioned service. With his unique personality, political connections, responsibilities, and depth of knowledge regarding naval nuclear propulsion, Rickover became the longest-serving naval officer in U.S. history with 63 years active duty.
Rickover's substantial legacy of technical achievements includes the United States Navy's continuing record of zero reactor accidents, as defined by the uncontrolled release of fission products subsequent to reactor core damage.
ARL_131111_344.JPG: Potter Stewart
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Potter Stewart (January 23, 1915 – December 7, 1985) was an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court. During his tenure, he made, among other areas, major contributions to criminal justice reform, civil rights, access to the courts, and Fourth Amendment jurisprudence.
ARL_131111_346.JPG: William J. Brennan Jr.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
William Joseph Brennan Jr. (April 25, 1906 – July 24, 1997) was an American judge who served as an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court from 1956 to 1990. As the seventh longest-serving justice in Supreme Court history, he was known for being a leader of the Court's liberal wing.
Born in Newark, New Jersey, Brennan graduated from Harvard Law School in 1931. He entered private practice in New Jersey and served in the United States Army during World War II. He was appointed in 1951 to the Supreme Court of New Jersey. Shortly before the 1956 presidential election, President Dwight D. Eisenhower used a recess appointment to place Brennan on the Supreme Court. Brennan won Senate confirmation the following year. He remained on the Court until his retirement in 1990, and was succeeded by David Souter.
On the Supreme Court, Brennan was known for his outspoken progressive views, including opposition to the death penalty and support for abortion rights. He authored several landmark case opinions, including Baker v. Carr, establishing that the apportionment of legislative districts is a justiciable issue, and New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, which required "actual malice" in libel suits brought by public officials. Due to his ability to shape a variety of wide opinions and "bargain" for votes in many cases, he was considered to be among the Court's most influential members. Justice Antonin Scalia called Brennan "probably the most influential Justice of the [20th] century."
ARL_131111_348.JPG: Thurgood Marshall
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Thurgood Marshall (July 2, 1908 – January 24, 1993) was an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court, serving from October 1967 until October 1991. Marshall was the Court's 96th justice and its first African American justice.
Before becoming a judge, Marshall was a lawyer who was best known for his high success rate in arguing before the Supreme Court and for the victory in Brown v. Board of Education, a decision that desegregated public schools. He served on the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit after being appointed by President John F. Kennedy and then served as the Solicitor General after being appointed by President Lyndon Johnson in 1965. President Johnson nominated him to the United States Supreme Court in 1967.
ARL_131111_350.JPG: Harry Blackmun
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Harold Andrew Blackmun (November 12, 1908 – March 4, 1999) was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1970 until 1994. Appointed by the conservative President Nixon, Blackmun ultimately became the most liberal justice on the Court. He is best known as the author of the Court's opinion in Roe v. Wade.
ARL_131111_353.JPG: Warren E. Burger
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Warren Earl Burger (September 17, 1907 – June 25, 1995) was the 15th Chief Justice of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1986. Born in Saint Paul, Minnesota, Burger graduated from the St. Paul College of Law in 1931. He helped secure the Minnesota delegation's support for Dwight D. Eisenhower at the 1952 Republican National Convention. After Eisenhower won the 1952 presidential election, he appointed Burger to the position of Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Civil Division. In 1956, Eisenhower appointed Burger to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. Burger served on this court until 1969 and became known as a critic of the Warren Court.
In 1969, President Richard Nixon nominated Burger to succeed Chief Justice Earl Warren, and Burger won Senate confirmation. He did not emerge as a strong intellectual force on the court, but sought to improve the administration of the federal judiciary. He also helped establish the National Center for State Courts and the Supreme Court Historical Society. Burger remained on the court until his retirement in 1986, when he became Chairman of the Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution. He was succeeded as Chief Justice by William H. Rehnquist, who had served as an Associate Justice since 1971.
In 1974, Burger wrote for a unanimous court in United States v. Nixon, which rejected Nixon's invocation of executive privilege in the wake of the Watergate scandal. The ruling played a major role in Nixon's resignation. Burger joined the majority in Roe v. Wade in holding that the right to privacy prohibited states from banning abortions. He later abandoned Roe v. Wade in Thornburgh v. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. His majority opinion in INS v. Chadha struck down the one-house legislative veto.
Although Burger was perceived as a conservative, and the Burger Court delivered numerous conservative decisions, the Burger Court also delivered some liberal decisions regarding abortion, capital punishment, religious establishment, and school desegregation during his tenure.
ARL_131111_376.JPG: George Barnett
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
George Barnett (December 9, 1859 – April 27, 1930) was the 12th Commandant of the United States Marine Corps. He was the U.S. Marine Commandant during American involvement in World War I.
ARL_131111_400.JPG: Robert Todd Lincoln
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Robert Todd Lincoln (August 1, 1843 – July 26, 1926) was an American politician, lawyer, and businessman. Lincoln was the first son of President Abraham Lincoln and Mary Todd Lincoln. He was born in Springfield, Illinois and graduated from Harvard College before serving on the staff of Ulysses S. Grant as a captain in the Union Army in the closing days of the American Civil War. After the war Lincoln married Mary Eunice Harlan, and they had three children together. Following completion of law school in Chicago, he built a successful law practice, and became wealthy representing corporate clients.
Active in Republican politics, and a tangible symbol of his father's legacy, Robert Lincoln was often spoken of as a possible candidate for office, including the presidency, but never took steps to mount a campaign. The one office to which he was elected was town supervisor of South Chicago, which he held from 1876 to 1877; the town later became part of the city of Chicago. Lincoln accepted appointments as secretary of war in the administration of James A. Garfield, continuing under Chester A. Arthur, and as United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom (with the role then titled as "minister") in the Benjamin Harrison administration.
Lincoln served as general counsel of the Pullman Palace Car Company, and after founder George Pullman died in 1897, Lincoln became the company's president. After retiring from this position in 1911, Lincoln served as chairman of the board until 1922. In Lincoln's later years he resided at homes in Washington, D.C. and Manchester, Vermont; the Manchester home, Hildene, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. In 1922, he took part in the dedication ceremonies for the Lincoln Memorial. Lincoln died at Hildene on July 26, 1926, six days before his 83rd birthday, and was buried at Arlington National Cemetery. ...
Presence at assassinations
Robert Lincoln was coincidentally either present or nearby when three presidential assassinations occurred.
* Lincoln was not present at his father's assassination. He was at the White House, and rushed to be with his parents. The president was moved to the Petersen House after the shooting, where Robert attended his father's deathbed.
* At President James A. Garfield's invitation, Lincoln was at the Sixth Street Train Station in Washington, D.C., when the president was shot by Charles J. Guiteau on July 2, 1881, and was an eyewitness to the event. Lincoln was serving as Garfield's Secretary of War at the time.
* At President William McKinley's invitation, Lincoln was at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York, where the president was shot by Leon Czolgosz on September 6, 1901, though he was not an eyewitness to the event; he was just outside the building where the shooting occurred.
Lincoln himself recognized these coincidences. He is said to have refused a later presidential invitation with the comment, "No, I'm not going, and they'd better not ask me, because there is a certain fatality about presidential functions when I am present."
Robert Lincoln and Edwin Booth
Robert Lincoln was once saved from possible serious injury or death by Edwin Booth, whose brother, John Wilkes Booth, was the assassin of Robert's father. The incident took place on a train platform in Jersey City, New Jersey. The exact date of the incident is uncertain, but it is believed to have taken place in late 1863 or early 1864, before John Wilkes Booth's assassination of President Lincoln (April 14, 1865).
Robert Lincoln recalled the incident in a 1909 letter to Richard Watson Gilder, editor of The Century Magazine:
The incident occurred while a group of passengers were late at night purchasing their sleeping car places from the conductor who stood on the station platform at the entrance of the car. The platform was about the height of the car floor, and there was of course a narrow space between the platform and the car body. There was some crowding, and I happened to be pressed by it against the car body while waiting my turn. In this situation the train began to move, and by the motion I was twisted off my feet, and had dropped somewhat, with feet downward, into the open space, and was personally helpless, when my coat collar was vigorously seized and I was quickly pulled up and out to a secure footing on the platform. Upon turning to thank my rescuer I saw it was Edwin Booth, whose face was of course well known to me, and I expressed my gratitude to him, and in doing so, called him by name.
Months later, while serving as an officer on the staff of General Ulysses S. Grant, Robert Lincoln recalled the incident to his fellow officer, Colonel Adam Badeau, who happened to be a friend of Edwin Booth. Badeau sent a letter to Booth, complimenting the actor for his heroism. Before receiving the letter, Booth had been unaware that the man whose life he had saved on the train platform had been the president's son. The incident was said to have been of some comfort to Edwin Booth following his brother's assassination of the president. President Ulysses Grant also sent Booth a letter of gratitude for his action.
ARL_131111_406.JPG: William Howard Taft
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
William Howard Taft (September 15, 1857 – March 8, 1930) was the 27th President of the United States (1909–1913) and later the tenth Chief Justice of the United States (1921–1930). He is the only person to have served in both of these offices.
Before becoming President, Taft, a Republican, was appointed to serve on the Superior Court of Cincinnati in 1887. In 1890, Taft was appointed Solicitor General of the United States and in 1891 a judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. In 1900, President William McKinley appointed Taft Governor-General of the Philippines. In 1904, President Theodore Roosevelt appointed Taft Secretary of War in an effort to groom Taft, then his close political ally, into his handpicked presidential successor. Taft assumed a prominent role in problem solving, assuming on some occasions the role of acting Secretary of State, while declining repeated offers from Roosevelt to serve on the Supreme Court.
Riding a wave of popular support for fellow Republican Roosevelt, Taft won an easy victory in his 1908 bid for the presidency. In his only term, Taft's domestic agenda emphasized trust-busting, civil service reform, strengthening the Interstate Commerce Commission, improving the performance of the postal service, and passage of the Sixteenth Amendment. Abroad, Taft sought to further the economic development of nations in Latin America and Asia through "Dollar Diplomacy", and showed decisiveness and restraint in response to revolution in Mexico. The task-oriented Taft was oblivious to the political ramifications of his decisions, often alienated his own key constituencies, and was overwhelmingly defeated in his bid for a second term in the presidential election of 1912. In surveys of presidential scholars, Taft is usually ranked near the middle of lists of all American Presidents.
After leaving office, Taft spent his time in academia, arbitration, and the pursuit of world peace through his self-founded League to Enforce Peace. In 1921, after the First World War, President Warren G. Harding appointed Taft Chief Justice of the United States. He served in this capacity until shortly before his death in 1930.
ARL_131111_418.JPG: Omar Bradley
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Omar Nelson Bradley (February 12, 1893 – April 8, 1981) was a United States Army field commander in North Africa and Europe during World War II, and a General of the Army. From the Normandy landings through the end of the war in Europe, Bradley had command of all U.S. ground forces invading Germany from the west; he ultimately commanded forty-three divisions and 1.3 million men, the largest body of American soldiers ever to serve under a U.S. field commander. After the war, Bradley headed the Veterans Administration and became Chief of Staff of the United States Army. In 1949, he was appointed the first Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the following year oversaw the policy-making for the Korean War, before retiring from active service in 1953.
General Bradley was the last of only nine people to hold five-star rank in the United States Armed Forces.
ARL_131111_420.JPG: Alexander Haig
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Alexander Meigs Haig, Jr. (December 2, 1924 – February 20, 2010) was a United States Army general who served as the United States Secretary of State under President Ronald Reagan and White House Chief of Staff under Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford. He also served as Vice Chief of Staff of the Army, the second-highest ranking officer in the Army, and as Supreme Allied Commander Europe commanding all US and NATO forces in Europe.
A veteran of the Korean War and Vietnam War, Haig was a recipient of the Distinguished Service Cross, the Silver Star with oak leaf cluster, and the Purple Heart.
ARL_131111_423.JPG: Earle Wheeler
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Earle Gilmore Wheeler (January 13, 1908 – December 18, 1975), nicknamed Bus, was a United States Army general who served as Chief of Staff of the United States Army from 1962 to 1964 and then as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (1964–1970), holding the latter position during the Vietnam War.
ARL_131111_426.JPG: So proudly we hail the 405,399 Americans who gave their lives for freedom during World War II. You live forever in our hearts.
Dedicated by No Greater Love and the Families of these gallant Americans.
December 8, 1991
ARL_131111_430.JPG: Medgar Evers
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Medgar Wiley Evers (July 2, 1925 – June 12, 1963) was an American civil rights activist in Mississippi and the state's field secretary of the NAACP. He worked to overturn segregation at the University of Mississippi, to end segregation of public facilities, and to expand opportunities for African Americans, including enforcement of voting rights. He was assassinated by a white supremacist and Klansman.
A World War II veteran and college graduate, Evers became active in the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s. Following the 1954 ruling of the United States Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education that segregated public schools were unconstitutional, Evers challenged the segregation of the state-supported public University of Mississippi, applying to law school there. He also worked for voting rights, economic opportunity, access to public facilities, and other changes in the segregated society.
Evers was murdered in 1963 by Byron De La Beckwith, a member of the White Citizens' Council. This group was formed in 1954 to resist the integration of schools and civil rights activism. As a veteran, Evers was buried with full military honors at Arlington National Cemetery. His murder and the resulting trials inspired civil rights protests; his life and these events inspired numerous works of art, music, and film. All-white juries failed to reach verdicts in the first two trials of Beckwith in the 1960s. He was convicted in 1994 in a new state trial based on new evidence.
Medgar's widow Myrlie Evers became a noted activist in her own right, serving as national chair of the NAACP. His brother Charles Evers was the first African-American mayor elected in Mississippi in the post-Reconstruction era when he won in 1969 in Fayette.
ARL_131225_003.JPG: Third Infantry Division, U.S. Army
"Rock of the Marne"
The 3d Division was organized at Camp Greene, North Carolina on 23 November 1917. All units of the division were in France by March 1918. The division entered combat in May. On July 15 it distinguished itself in defense of the Marne River at Chateau-Thierry, forty-five miles northeast of Paris. This action earned the division the proud motto, "Rock of the Marne."
The 3d Infantry Division fought with distinction in World War II, participating in four amphibious landings in North Africa, Sicily, Italy and France. The division played a crucial role in the defense of South Korea. It returned to Germany in 1957 as part of the NATO Defense and was there when the 3d Division Memorial was dedicated on August 15, 1990.
Campaigns
Killed
Wounded
Missing
WW-I (1917-1918)
6
3,401
12,764
691
WW-II (1941-1945)
10
5,558
18,766
554
Korea (1950-1953)
8
2,160
7,939
292
ARL_131225_016.JPG: American Special Operations Forces
In sacred memory of
American Special Operations Forces.
"Courage and Sacrifice."
[Five organizational emblems/insignia follow:]
United States Special Operations Command, [U.S. Army Special Forces] Airborne, Joint Special Operations Command, United States Naval Special Warfare Command, Air Force Special Operations Command,
"... I heard the voice of the Lord saying, 'Whom shall I send, and who will go for us.' Then said I, 'Here am I. Send me.'
-- Isaiah, 6:8.
ARL_131225_022.JPG: U.S. War Correspondent
This tree grows in memory of journalists who died while covering wars or conflicts
for the American people.
One who finds a truth lights a torch.
In remembrance:
No Greater Love,
Overseas Press Club,
Society of Professional Journalists SDX [Sigma Delta Chi Foundation],
The National Press Club.
October 7, 19856
ARL_131225_035.JPG: The stone for the USS Monitor sailors who were buried back here in March 2013.
ARL_131225_062.JPG: This is the back of the space shuttle Colombia marker. I'd never seen this side of the marker before.
In memory of the crew of the United States Space Shuttle Columbia, 1 February 2003.
[captions beneath crew's picture:] Mission Specialist, David Brown, M.D. (Captain, USN)
Mission Specialist, Laurel Blair Salton Clark, M.D. (Captain, USN)
Mission Specialist, Michael P. Anderson (Lieutenant Colonel, USAF)
Payload Specialist, Ilan Ramon (Colonel, Israel Air Force)
Commander, Rick D. Husband (Colonel, USAF)
Mission Specialist, Kalpana Chawla, Ph.D.
Pilot, William C. McCool (Commander, USN)
Space shuttle mission STS-107 was a multidisciplinary microgravity and earth science mission conducted on board the space shuttle Columbia during a sixteen day mission in January of 2003. The crew emblem captures this through the symbol [microgram] flowing into the three rays of the astronaut star. This is depicted at an angle of thirty-nine degrees to the earth's horizon to match the tilt of the actual orbit that Columbia flew. The star field to the left represents the constellation of Columbia (the dove) and was depicted to symbolize both peace on Earth and the shuttle Columbia. The seven stars also represent the mission crew members and honor the original astronauts who paved the way to make research in space possible. The names of the crew members of the mission are shown around the periphery of the emblem.
ARL_131225_121.JPG: Big bandleader Glenn Miller was lost over the English Channel on December 15, 1944. There's some thought that he was killed by friendly fire.
Allied bombers returning from the mainland sometimes didn't use them all up. (Either they had trouble finding enough targets to bomb or maybe the mission was aborted early for some reason.) For safety reasons, they couldn't land back in England with live bombs so they had to dump them. I have a friend whose civilian town in Hungary was bombed by one such mission. She talks about running down main street while houses blew up on either side of her. Their town had nothing in it to make it a military target and that was the only time it was bombed. If the bombers couldn't find land targets, they would drop their explosives over the English Channel.
The thought advanced by one documentary is that the bombers might have dumped their cargo on the single-engined Noorduyn Norseman aircraft flying below them. It was carrying Glenn Miller on his way to a performance in Paris. (See http://www.theguardian.com/uk/2001/dec/15/humanities.research )
The stone at Arlington Cemetery is an in memoriam marker. The stones are usually on steep sections of the cemetery where body burial would be difficult so the plot would be unusable. Miller's body -- never recovered -- is not here but this allows him to be commemorated anyway.
Glenn Miller
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Alton Glenn Miller (March 1, 1904 – missing in action December 15, 1944) was an American big band musician, arranger, composer, and bandleader in the swing era. He was the best-selling recording artist from 1939 to 1943, leading one of the best known big bands. Miller's notable recordings include "In the Mood", "Moonlight Serenade", "Pennsylvania 6-5000", "Chattanooga Choo Choo", "A String of Pearls", "At Last", "(I've Got a Gal In) Kalamazoo", "American Patrol", "Tuxedo Junction", and "Little Brown Jug". While he was traveling to entertain U.S. troops in France during World War II, Glenn Miller's aircraft disappeared in bad weather over the English Channel.
ARL_131225_153.JPG: Dashiell Hammett
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Samuel Dashiell Hammett (May 27, 1894 – January 10, 1961) was an American author of hard-boiled detective novels and short stories, a screenplay writer, and political activist. Among the enduring characters he created are Sam Spade (The Maltese Falcon), Nick and Nora Charles (The Thin Man), and the Continental Op (Red Harvest and The Dain Curse).
In addition to the significant influence his novels and stories had on film, Hammett "is now widely regarded as one of the finest mystery writers of all time" and was called, in his obituary in The New York Times, "the dean of the... 'hard-boiled' school of detective fiction." Time magazine included Hammett's 1929 novel Red Harvest on a list of the 100 best English-language novels published between 1923 and 2005.
ARL_131225_160.JPG: Frederick Stuart Greene
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Frederick Stuart Greene (1870 - March 26, 1939), was Superintendent of Public Works of New York State.
ARL_131225_165.JPG: Larrimore
"Don't cry because it's over smile because it happened."
2004-2011
Reunited high school sweethearts from Seaford, Delaware, lovers of the arts & world travelers, 49 countries in seven wonderful years.
ARL_131225_178.JPG: Ron Brown (U.S. politician)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ronald Harmon Brown (August 1, 1941 – April 3, 1996) was an American politician. He served as the United States Secretary of Commerce during the first term of President Bill Clinton. Prior to this he was chairman of the Democratic National Committee (DNC). He was the first African American to hold these positions. He was killed, along with 34 others, in a 1996 plane crash in Croatia.
ARL_131225_187.JPG: Ronald Harmon Brown
Aug. 1, 1941 - Apr. 3, 1996
Captain United States Army
Germany-Korea
Wonderful husband
father and grandfather
ARL_131225_207.JPG: Camp Lejeune is named after this man.
John A. Lejeune
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
John Archer Lejeune (January 10, 1867 – November 20, 1942) was a United States Marine Corps lieutenant general and the 13th Commandant of the Marine Corps.
Known as the "greatest of all Leathernecks" and the "Marine's Marine", he served for nearly 40 years. His service included commanding the U.S. Army's 2nd Infantry Division during World War I and culminated with his service as the 5th Superintendent of the Virginia Military Institute.
ARL_131225_212.JPG: Joseph Medill Patterson
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Joseph Medill Patterson (January 6, 1879 – May 26, 1946) was an American journalist and publisher, grandson of publisher Joseph Medill, founder of the Chicago Tribune and a mayor of Chicago, Illinois.
ARL_131225_228.JPG: The Peacemaker
In memory of the outstanding contributions of the aircrews and ground personnel who supported the B-36 Peacemaker nuclear force deterrent of the Strategic Air command from 1948 to 1958. Their sacrifice, dedication, readiness and vigilance significantly impacted on the successful and peaceful outcome of the Cold War. Peace was their profession; and, they did their job well.
Dedicated by the 7th Bomb Wing B-36 Association December 1999
ARL_131225_263.JPG: William Rosecrans
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
William Starke Rosecrans (September 6, 1819 – March 11, 1898) was an American inventor, coal-oil company executive, diplomat, politician, and U.S. Army officer. He gained fame for his role as a Union general during the American Civil War. He was the victor at prominent Western Theater battles, but his military career was effectively ended following his disastrous defeat at the Battle of Chickamauga in 1863.
Rosecrans graduated in 1842 from the United States Military Academy where he served in engineering assignments as well as a professor before leaving the Army to pursue a career in civil engineering. At the start of the Civil War, leading troops from Ohio, he achieved early combat success in western Virginia. In 1862 in the Western Theater, he won the battles of Iuka and Corinth while under the command of Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant. His brusque, outspoken manner and willingness to quarrel openly with superiors caused a professional rivalry with Grant (as well as with Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton) that would adversely affect Rosecrans' career.
Given command of the Army of the Cumberland, he fought against Confederate Gen. Braxton Bragg at Stones River, and later outmaneuvered him in the brilliant Tullahoma Campaign, driving the Confederates from Middle Tennessee. His strategic movements then caused Bragg to abandon the critical city of Chattanooga, but Rosecrans' pursuit of Bragg ended during the bloody Battle of Chickamauga, where his unfortunately worded order mistakenly opened a gap in the Union line and Rosecrans and a third of his army were swept from the field. Besieged in Chattanooga, Rosecrans was relieved of command by Grant.
Following his humiliating defeat, Rosecrans was reassigned to command the Department of Missouri, where he opposed Price's Raid. He was briefly considered as a vice presidential running mate for Abraham Lincoln in 1864 but the telegram correspondence Rosecrans sent back to Washington that stated his interest, was intercepted by Stanton, who buried the message. As a result, Lincoln never received his response and began looking for other candidates. After the war, he served in diplomatic and appointed political positions and in 1880 was elected to Congress, representing California.
ARL_131225_274.JPG: Walter Reed
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Major Walter Reed, M.D., U.S. Army, (September 13, 1851 – November 22, 1902) was a U.S. Army physician who in 1901 led the team that postulated and confirmed the theory that yellow fever is transmitted by a particular mosquito species, rather than by direct contact. This insight gave impetus to the new fields of epidemiology and biomedicine, and most immediately allowed the resumption and completion of work on the Panama Canal (1904–1914) by the United States. Reed followed work started by Carlos Finlay and directed by George Miller Sternberg who has been called the "first U.S. bacteriologist".
ARL_131225_300.JPG: Vinnie Ream
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Lavinia Ellen "Vinnie" Ream Hoxie (September 25, 1847 – November 20, 1914) was an American sculptor. Her most famous work is the statue of United States President Abraham Lincoln in the U.S. Capitol rotunda.
ARL_131225_317.JPG: Edmund Rice (Medal of Honor)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Edmund Rice (December 2, 1842 – July 20, 1906) was a soldier in the United States Army and a Medal of Honor recipient who achieved the rank of Brigadier General.
ARL_131225_320.JPG: Edmund Rice (Medal of Honor)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Edmund Rice (December 2, 1842 – July 20, 1906) was a soldier in the United States Army and a Medal of Honor recipient who achieved the rank of Brigadier General.
ARL_131225_338.JPG: Henry Tureman Allen
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Henry Tureman Allen (April 13, 1859 – August 29, 1930) was a United States Army officer known for exploring the Copper River in Alaska in 1885 along with the Tanana and Koyukuk rivers by transversing 1,500 miles (2,400 km) of wilderness. His trek has been compared by General Nelson A. Miles to that of Lewis and Clark.
Henry was born in Sharpsburg, Kentucky. He graduated from West Point in 1882, and was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the cavalry. He served on the staff of General Nelson Miles. He later served as a military attaché to Russia (1890–1895) and Germany (1897–1898). Allen also served in the Spanish-American War in the Battle of El Caney.
Allen was then stationed to the Philippines to serve as military governor of Leyte in 1901. Eventually he organized and commanded the Philippine Constabulary, before going on in 1904 as an observer with the Japanese Army in Korea.
In August 1917, he was promoted Brigadier-General and given command of the 90th Infantry Division, then a National Guard division based in Texas. His instructions were to bring them to full strength and convey them to France in June 1918, where they would participate in the First World War.
He succeeded Pierrepont Noyes as US Commissioner in the Inter-Allied Rhineland High Commission.
Allen is buried in Arlington National Cemetery under a statue designed by the sculptor Albert Jaegers.
ARL_131225_341.JPG: Nelson A. Miles
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nelson Appleton Miles (August 8, 1839 – May 15, 1925) was a United States soldier who served in the American Civil War, Indian Wars, and the Spanish-American War.
ARL_131225_347.JPG: Nelson A. Miles
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Nelson Appleton Miles (August 8, 1839 – May 15, 1925) was a United States soldier who served in the American Civil War, Indian Wars, and the Spanish-American War.
ARL_131225_361.JPG: Jonathan Letterman
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jonathan Letterman (December 11, 1824 – March 15, 1872) was an American surgeon credited as being the originator of the modern methods for medical organization in armies. Dr. Letterman is known today as the "Father of Battlefield Medicine." His system enabled thousands of wounded men to be recovered and treated during the American Civil War.
ARL_131225_375.JPG: Floyd Bennett
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Floyd Bennett (October 25, 1890 – April 25, 1928) was an American aviator who claimed, along with Richard E. Byrd, to have made the first flight to the North Pole in 1926. However, their claim to have reached the pole is disputed.
ARL_131225_380.JPG: Morgan Lewis Smith
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Morgan Lewis Smith (March 8, 1822 – December 29, 1874) was a Union general in the American Civil War.
ARL_131225_394.JPG: Adna R. Chaffee, Jr.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Adna Romanza Chaffee, Jr. (September 23, 1884 – August 22, 1941) was a major general in the United States Army, called the "Father of the Armored Force" for his role in developing the U.S. Army's tank forces.
ARL_131225_399.JPG: John Dill
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Field Marshal Sir John Greer Dill, GCB, CMG, DSO (25 December 1881 – 4 November 1944) was a British commander in World War I and World War II. From May 1940 to December 1941 he was the Chief of the Imperial General Staff, the professional head of the British Army, and subsequently in Washington, as Chief of the British Joint Staff Mission and then Senior British Representative on the Combined Chiefs of Staff, played a significant role during World War II in the formation of the "special relationship" between the United Kingdom and the United States.
ARL_131225_404.JPG: Joint Resolution
recognizing the outstanding service rendered to the United Nations by Field Marshal Sir John Dill
Whereas the Congress, having been informed of the death of Field Marshall Sir John Dill, in Washington, District of Columbia on November 4, 1944, and;
Whereas the Arlington National Cemetery has been chosen as the final resting place for this distinguished soldier, and;
Whereas as the senior British representative on the Combined Chiefs of Staff, Field Marshal Sir John Dill, by his wisdom and devotion to the vital cause of British-American military cooperation, rendered a great service to the United Nations, now therefore be it
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled that the outstanding service rendered by Field Marshal Sir John Dill be and hereby is recognized by the American people and the Congress of the United States.
ARL_131225_407.JPG: Citation for the Distinguished Service Medal (posthumous)
While serving as chief of the British Joint Staff mission to the United States and senior British representative on the Combined Chiefs of Staff from December 1941 to the hour of his death, Field Marshal Sir John Dill, C.C.B., C.M.G., D.S.O. render a distinguished service to the common cause of the Allies. In the conferences in Washington, and at Casablanca, Quebec, Cairo, and Tehran his services were of first importance in securing the necessary cooperation between the British and American military forces as represented by their chiefs of staff. The good will and concert of action which have characterized the combined achievements of the allied forces must be attributed in an important manner to his integrity of purpose, his freedom from prejudice, and his selfless devotion to the common cause together with the warm humanity which characterized all his actions.
Possessed of these rare qualities, Sir John Dill made an enduring contribution toward the victorious conclusion of the war and also to the harmony of purpose which is essential to our security in the years to come.
ARL_131225_423.JPG: Albert Merriman Smith
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Albert) Merriman Smith (February 10, 1913 – April 13, 1970) was a Pulitzer Prize-winning wire service reporter, notably serving as White House correspondent for United Press International and its predecessor, United Press.
Background
He was born in Savannah, Georgia.
Career
Known by his middle name (and his nickname, "Smitty"), Merriman Smith covered US presidents from Franklin Delano Roosevelt to Richard Nixon and originated the practice of closing presidential news conferences with "Thank You, Mr. President," which was the title of his 1946 book, written during his coverage of the Harry Truman administration.
That honor, accorded the senior wire service reporter present at presidential news conferences, became more popularly known when it was continued by Smith's UPI colleague Helen Thomas.
Smith was chosen to break the story of the death of President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1945. In 1964, he won the Pulitzer Prize for his coverage of the assassination of US President John F. Kennedy. He was the first to publicly use the term grassy knoll regarding the assassination.
Smith was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Lyndon Johnson in 1967.
In the 1960s, Smith was a frequent guest on television interview programs hosted by Jack Paar and Merv Griffin.
Near the end of the novel Seven Days in May, Smith is thinly disguised as a White House reporter nicknamed "Milky."
Death
Despondent over the death of his son in the Vietnam War, Smith died at his home in Washington, D.C. from a self-inflicted gunshot wound. Although he never served in the military himself, his grave is in Section 32 of Arlington National Cemetery next to his son's, by special permission of the Commanding General of the Military District of Washington.
ARL_131225_441.JPG: Philip Sheridan
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Philip Henry Sheridan (March 6, 1831 – August 5, 1888) was a career United States Army officer and a Union general in the American Civil War. His career was noted for his rapid rise to major general and his close association with Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant, who transferred Sheridan from command of an infantry division in the Western Theater to lead the Cavalry Corps of the Army of the Potomac in the East. In 1864, he defeated Confederate forces in the Shenandoah Valley and his destruction of the economic infrastructure of the Valley, called "The Burning" by residents, was one of the first uses of scorched earth tactics in the war. In 1865, his cavalry pursued Gen. Robert E. Lee and was instrumental in forcing his surrender at Appomattox.
Sheridan prosecuted the later years of the Indian Wars of the Great Plains. Both as a soldier and private citizen, he was instrumental in the development and protection of Yellowstone National Park. In 1883 Sheridan was appointed general-in-chief of the U.S. Army, and in 1888 he was promoted to the rank of General of the Army during the term of President Grover Cleveland.
ARL_131225_451.JPG: Michael Musmanno
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Michael Angelo Musmanno (April 7, 1897 – October 12, 1968) was an American jurist, politician, and naval officer. For nearly two decades from the early 1930s, he served as a judge in courts of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. Entering the United States Navy during World War II, he served in the military justice system. After the war in 1946 he served as a governor of an occupied district in Italy. Beginning in 1947, he served as a presiding judge for the Einsatzgruppen Trial in US military court at Nuremberg.
Musmanno returned to the United States and in 1951 was elected as a justice to the state Supreme Court in Pennsylvania, where he served from 1952 to his death in 1968. He set a record for the number of dissenting opinions filed. Considered "a complicated figure in Pittsburgh history", he was known for defending Sacco-Vanzetti, as well for anti-Communism and support for civil rights.
In addition to his long judicial career and postwar contributions in Europe, he wrote sixteen books and articles related to his cases and career. He also wrote to express his sympathy for working men and deep interest in the Italians in the United States.
ARL_131225_471.JPG: Peter Lisagor
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Peter Lisagor (August 5, 1915–December 10, 1976) was Washington bureau chief of the Chicago Daily News from 1959 to 1976 and was one of the most respected and best-known journalists in the United States. Lisagor gained nationwide recognition from his syndicated column and appearances on such public-affairs broadcasts as Meet the Press, Face the Nation, Washington Week in Review, and Agronsky & Company.
Lisagor was born in Keystone, West Virginia and moved to Chicago at age 14, where he attended Marshall High School. He graduated from the University of Michigan with a bachelor's degree in political science.
Lisagor began his career in journalism in 1939 as a sportswriter for the Daily News. During World War II he was a sergeant in the Army, serving as a correspondent and London editor for the service newspaper, Stars and Stripes. He returned to the Daily News after the war.
In 1948 Lisagor was selected for a Nieman Fellowship at Harvard University. He was a recipient of the Newspaper Guild's Page One award, the George Foster Peabody Broadcasting award, the William Allen White award and the Edward Weintal Prize for diplomatic reporting. He served as president of the White House Correspondents Association, the Gridiron Club, the Overseas Writers Association, and the State Department Correspondents Association.
Lisagor died in 1976 of complications from cancer of the lung and larynx. He is interred at Arlington National Cemetery.
In 1977, the United States' largest chapter of the Society of Professional Journalists, the Chicago Headline Club, established the Peter Lisagor Awards "to inspire Chicago-area journalists to follow his outstanding example and to recognize truly superior contributions to journalism." The competition's categories range from in-depth reporting and public service to business, commentary and feature reporting.
ARL_131225_487.JPG: 484th Bombardment Group
The 484th Bomb Group (H) 49th Bomb Wing
15th AF, Flew Bombing Missions From
Torretta Airfield, Italy 1944-45 and Was
Part of the Greatest Aerial Armada to
Ever Take to the Skies
(484th Bomb Group Association)
This Plaque Memorializes the Supreme
Sacrifices of the Airman Who Did Not Return
ARL_131225_502.JPG: William G. Haan
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
William George Haan (October 4, 1863 - October 26, 1924) was a general in World War I. He graduated from West Point in 1889, from the Army War College in 1905, and was commissioned in the Artillery. He served in Cuba and the Philippines, and in 1903 went to Panama at the request of Theodore Roosevelt. He was Acting Chief of Staff of the Pacific Division during the Army's relief work following the 1906 San Francisco earthquake.
ARL_131225_514.JPG: Mordecai Thomas Endicott
ARL_131225_523.JPG: William Jennings Bryan
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
William Jennings Bryan (March 19, 1860 – July 26, 1925) was a leading American politician from the 1890s until his death. He was a dominant force in the populist wing of the Democratic Party, standing three times as the Party's candidate for President of the United States (1896, 1900 and 1908). He served two terms as a member of the United States House of Representatives from Nebraska and was the 41st United States Secretary of State under President Woodrow Wilson (1913–1915), taking a pacifist position on the World War. Bryan was a devout Christian, a supporter of popular democracy, and an enemy of the gold standard as well as banks and railroads. He was a leader of the silverite movement in the 1890s, a peace advocate, a prohibitionist, and an opponent of Darwinism on religious and humanitarian grounds. With his deep, commanding voice and wide travels, he was one of the best known orators and lecturers of the era. Because of his faith in the wisdom of the common people, he was called "The Great Commoner."
In the intensely fought 1896 and 1900 elections, he was defeated by William McKinley but retained control of the Democratic Party. With over 500 speeches in 1896, Bryan invented the national stumping tour, in an era when other presidential candidates stayed home. In his three presidential bids, he promoted Free Silver in 1896, anti-imperialism in 1900, and trust-busting in 1908, calling on Democrats to fight the trusts (big corporations) and big banks, and embrace anti-elitist ideals of republicanism. President Wilson appointed him Secretary of State in 1913, but Wilson's strong demands on Germany after the Lusitania was torpedoed in 1915 caused Bryan to resign in protest. After 1920 he was a strong supporter of Prohibition and energetically attacked Darwinism and evolution, most famously at the Scopes Trial in 1925. Five days after the end of the case, he died in his sleep.
ARL_131225_550.JPG: Albert Gleaves
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Albert Gleaves (January 1, 1858 – January 6, 1937) was an decorated admiral in the United States Navy, also notable as a naval historian.
ARL_131225_561.JPG: "Thy Way Is in the Sea"
ARL_131225_563.JPG: Officers and Men, U.S. Coast Guard Cutter Tampa, sunk by enemy submarine in Bristol Channel, September 26, 1918, when all on board were lost:
[List of 115 Names]
ARL_131225_594.JPG: Matthew Henson
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Matthew Alexander Henson (August 8, 1866 – March 9, 1955) was the first African American Arctic explorer, an associate of Robert Peary on seven voyages over a period of nearly twenty-three years. They made six voyages and spent a total of eighteen years in expeditions. Henson served as a navigator and craftsman, traded with Inuit and learned their language, and was known as Peary's "first man" for these arduous travels. During their 1909 expedition to Greenland, Henson accompanied Peary in the small party, including four Inuit men, that has been recognized as the first to reach the Geographic North Pole (although this has also been subject to dispute). Henson was invited in 1937 as a member of The Explorers Club due to his achievement and was the first African American to be accepted.
Based on research into Peary's diary and astronomical observations, Wally Herbert, a later Arctic explorer who reached the North Pole in 1969, concluded in 1989 that Peary's team had not reached the pole. This has been widely accepted, but some continue to dispute this conclusion.
In the late 20th century, S. Allen Counter did research about Henson's contributions and argued for more national recognition of the explorer. By presidential order, in 1988, the remains of Henson and his wife were reinterred with a monument at Arlington National Cemetery, near that for Peary and his wife. Henson has received numerous posthumous honors since then. Counter published a 1991 book about Henson, which included material about his and Peary's Inuit "wives" and sons.
ARL_131225_611.JPG: Robert Peary
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Robert Edwin Peary Sr. (May 6, 1856 – February 20, 1920) was an American explorer and United States Navy officer who made several expeditions to the Arctic in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He is best known for claiming to have reached the geographic North Pole with his expedition on April 6, 1909.
Peary was born in Cresson, Pennsylvania, but was raised in Portland, Maine, following his father's death at a young age. He attended Bowdoin College, then joined the National Geodetic Survey as a draftsman. Peary enlisted in the navy in 1881, as a civil engineer. In 1885, he was made chief of surveying for the Nicaragua Canal (which was never built). Peary visited the Arctic for the first time in 1886, making an unsuccessful attempt to cross Greenland by dogsled. He returned in 1891 much better prepared, and by reaching Independence Fjord (in what is now known as Peary Land) conclusively proved that Greenland was an island. He was one of the first Arctic explorers to study Inuit survival techniques.
On his 1898–1902 expedition, Peary set a new "Farthest North" record by reaching Greenland's northernmost point, Cape Morris Jesup. He also reached the northernmost point of the Western Hemisphere, at the top of Canada's Ellesmere Island. Peary made two further expeditions to the Arctic, in 1905–1906 and in 1908–1909. During the latter, he claimed to have reached the North Pole. Peary received a number of awards from geographical societies during his lifetime, and in 1911 received the Thanks of Congress and was promoted to rear admiral. He served two terms as president of The Explorers Club and retired to Eagle Island.
Peary's claim to have reached the North Pole was widely debated in contemporary newspapers (along with a competing claim made by Frederick Cook), but eventually won widespread acceptance. In 1989, British explorer Wally Herbert concluded that Peary did not reach the pole, although he may have been as close as 60 miles (97 km). His conclusions have been widely accepted, although disputed by some authorities.
AAA "Gem": AAA considers this location to be a "must see" point of interest. To see pictures of other areas that AAA considers to be Gems, click here.
Bigger photos? To save server space, the full-sized versions of these images have either not been loaded to the server or have been removed from the server. (Only some pages are loaded with full-sized images and those usually get removed after three months.)
I still have them though. If you want me to email them to you, please send an email to guthrie.bruce@gmail.com
and I can email them to you, or, depending on the number of images, just repost the page again will the full-sized images.
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