Bruce Guthrie Photos: TN -- Shiloh Natl Military Park

TN -- Shiloh Natl Military Park -- Notes:

Bruce Guthrie Photos Home Page: [Click here] to go to Bruce Guthrie Photos home page.

Same Event: Wait! There's more! Because I took too many pictures, photos from this event were divided among the following pages:

2013_03_02A_CWT_Shiloh: CWT Color Bearer Thank You Weekend (2013) in Memphis, TN -- Tour of Shiloh (165 photos from 03/02/2013)
2013_03_02C_Shiloh: TN -- Shiloh Natl Military Park (122 photos from 03/02/2013)
2013_03_02F_Shiloh_Fallen: TN -- Shiloh Natl Military Park -- Fallen Timbers (12 photos from 03/02/2013)
2013_03_02E_ShilohNC: TN -- Shiloh Natl Military Park -- National Cemetery (24 photos from 03/02/2013)
2013_03_02D_ShilohVC: TN -- Shiloh Natl Military Park -- Visitor Center (16 photos from 03/02/2013)

Recognize anyone? If you recognize specific people (or other things) in the pictures which I haven't labeled, please identify them for us. Or fill in any other descriptions you can. Click the little pencil icon

underneath the file name (just above the picture).

Slide Show: Want to see the pictures as a slide show? [Slideshow]

Copyrights: All pictures were taken by Bruce Guthrie who retains copyright on them. Free for non-commercial use with attribution. See the Creative Commons definition of what this means. "Photos (c) Bruce Guthrie" is fine for attribution. If asked for permission in advance, I'll usually waive the non-commercial clause unless it's for people trying to sell the photos. A free copy of any printed publication using the photographs is requested. Descriptive text, if any, is from a mixture of sources, quite frequently from official signs at the location or from official web sites; copyrights, if any, are retained by their original owners.

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Limiting Text: You can turn off all of this text by clicking this link: [Thumbnails Only]
Signage: You'll see a lot of signs in this group. Eventually, I'll type the text of the signs into the subject description and get rid of the signs themselves. This is pretty slow and tedious work though.
AAA "Gem": AAA considers this location to be a "must see" point of interest. To see pictures of other areas that AAA considers to be Gems, click here.
Description of Subject Matter: Shiloh National Military Park was established in 1894 to preserve the scene of the first major battle in the Western theater of the Civil War. The two-day battle, April 6 and 7, 1862, involved about 65,000 Union and 44,000 Confederate troops. This battle resulted in nearly 24,000 killed, wounded, and missing. It proved to be a decisive victory for the federal forces when they advanced on and seized control of the Confederate railway system at Corinth, Mississippi. The battlefield contains about 4,000 acres at Shiloh and an interpretive center at Corinth, Mississippi. The park has within its boundaries the Shiloh National Cemetery along with the well preserved prehistoric Indian mounds that are listed as a historic landmark. The Shiloh battlefield is located in Hardin County, Tennessee, on the west bank of the Tennessee River nine miles southwest of Savannah, Tennessee, with an additional park unit located in the city of Corinth, Mississippi, twenty-three miles southwest of Shiloh.
The above was from the official NPS site at http://www.nps.gov/shil/

Also from that site:
During the winter of 1861-62 Federal forces pushing southward from St. Louis, Missouri, captured Forts Henry and Donelson on the Tennessee and Cumberland Rivers. This action forced Gen. A. S. Johnston to abandon southern Kentucky and much of West and Middle Tennessee, including Nashville. After withdrawing further south, he established a new line covering the Memphis and Charleston Railroad, the only direct railroad link to Richmond and Memphis. Realizing that he could not wait for another Federal advance, Johnston began concentrating 44,000 men at Corinth, Miss., whence he hoped to take the offensive and destroy Gen. U.S. Grant's Union Army of the Tennessee before it could be joined by Gen. D.C. Buell's Army of the Ohio.
The Federals had not expected the rapid collapse of the Southern defenses; thus there was a delay before Grant's Army of the Tennessee, 40,000 strong, moved south along the T ...More...
Wikipedia Description: Battle of Shiloh
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Battle of Shiloh, also known as the Battle of Pittsburg Landing, was a major battle in the Western Theater of the American Civil War, fought on April 6 and April 7, 1862, in southwestern Tennessee. Confederate forces under Generals Albert Sidney Johnston and P.G.T. Beauregard launched a surprise attack against the Union Army of Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and came very close to defeating his army.

On the first day of battle, the Confederates struck with the intention of driving the Union defenders away from the Tennessee River and into the swamps of Owl Creek to the west, hoping to defeat Grant's Army of the Tennessee before it could link up with Maj. Gen. Don Carlos Buell's Army of the Ohio. The Confederate battle lines became confused during the fierce fighting, and Grant's men instead fell back in the direction of Pittsburg Landing to the northeast. A position on a slightly sunken road, nicknamed the "Hornet's Nest", defended by the men of Brig. Gens. Benjamin M. Prentiss's and W.H.L. Wallace's divisions, provided critical time for the rest of the Union line to stabilize under the protection of numerous artillery batteries. Gen. Johnston was killed during the first day's fighting, and Beauregard, his second in command, decided against assaulting the final Union position that night.

Reinforcements from Gen. Buell arrived in the evening and turned the tide the next morning, when he and Grant launched a counterattack along the entire line. The Confederates were forced to retreat from the bloodiest battle in United States history up to that time, ending their hopes that they could block the Union invasion of northern Mississippi.

Background and opposing forces:

After the losses of Fort Henry and Fort Donelson in February 1862, Confederate General Albert Sidney Johnston withdrew his forces into western Tennessee, northern Mississippi, and Alabama to reorganize. In early March, Union Maj. Gen. He ...More...
Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. SHILOH_130302_052.JPG: Note the snow.
2. SHILOH_130302_129.JPG: Shiloh Log Church Shiloh Church, biblically known as "place of peace," was built in 1851. Ironically this small log church gave name to the famous Battle of Shiloh and became the site of some of the fiercest fighting of the Civil War. On Sunday morning, April 6, 1862, the quiet woods and fields around this small Methodist Church erupted into a horrific battle. Shortly after dawn, the Confederate Army under the command of General Albert S. Johnston attacked the Union Division of General W.T. Sherman camped at this location. The Union troops were determined to hold the high ground by this church and the Confederates were equally determined to drive the Federals into the Tennessee River. After several hours of intensive fighting, the entire Federal army under the command of Ulysses S. Grant slowly withdrew toward Pittsburg Landing, leaving this area with many dead and wounded from both sides. By early afternoon, General P.G.T. Beauregard assumed command of the Confederate Army after the death of General Johnston. Beauregard established his headquarters and directed the battle from this area near the church. By nightfall, Shiloh Church also served as shelter for the many wounded and dying men who had fallen during that day's fighting. The following day, April 7th, Shiloh Church once again served as a critical location when the Confederate Army started their slow retreat back to Corinth. General Beauregard and his staff directed the retreat from this area. Although the original log church at Shiloh was destroyed during the battle, the log church before you is a near exact replica of that original church. Much detail went into building this church, using hand-hewn logs approximately 150 years old that came from this area. This log church replica was started in 1999 under the direction of the Shiloh Sons of Confederate Veteran Camp #1454 and Shiloh Methodist Church. With the support and donations from the sons and daughters of both the Union and Confederate Veterans, Shiloh Methodist Church, Shiloh National Park and numerous other friends, this monumental task became a reality and was completed in 2001. Shiloh Log Church again stands proudly on the Battlefield of Shiloh.
3. SHILOH_130302_152.JPG: Shiloh School 1928 - 1954 Shiloh School was located just beyond the Illinois Monument. In 1928, a ten room building with auditorium was erected at cost of $18,000 with a gym added later. Much of the equipment was built and bought by teachers and patrons of the school. The first teachers were John Hinkle, Lillie Farris, Ivy Wood Milligan and Mancil Milligan. Students from Pickwick, Counce, Wayne, Childers Hill, New Hope, West Shiloh and Shiloh attended the school. The School grew and became a four year accredited high school with the first graduating class in 1931. Shiloh High School was known to have outstanding students scholastically and winning basketball teams as well. Students of the Shiloh School are located throughout the United States in very successful occupations and professions. The school was closed in 1954 with students attending Southside School.
4. SHILOH_130302_165.JPG: UDC Shiloh #371 1900-1917 1992-2005 Stanley A Confederate American By The Grace Of God
5. SHILOH_130302_169.JPG: Howard G. Johnson June 3, 1923 July 12, 2003 True to his Southern heritage
6. SHILOH_130302_187.JPG: Shiloh Church The Battle of Shiloh takes its name from a Methodist log church that stood here during the battle. On the morning of Sunday, April 6, 1862, the church and cemetery grounds became the scene of fierce fighting as Confederates attacked Union forces camped nearby. The original log meeting house was erected in 1853. The building survived the battle to serve as a hospital, but collapsed several weeks later. A new frame church replaced the original in 1875. The present masonry church was dedicated in 1959.
7. SHILOH_130302_209.JPG: Shiloh United Methodist Church In 1851 John J. Ellis donated 4 acres to the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, for a house of worship. The original house was constructed of rough hewn logs and was about 25 by 30 feet in dimensions. The name Shiloh, from which the Civil War battle received its name, means "House of Peace. " During April 6-7, 1862, the church was the scene of heavy fighting between Union and Confederate forces. The church was destroyed soon after the battle. After the war, worship was resumed in a brush arbor. About 1875 a wood frame structure was erected on the original site. The present structure was begun with native stone in 1929. Construction was discontinued due to lack of funds. It was completed and dedicated in 1952.
8. SHILOH_130302_447.JPG: Death of General Johnston On the afternoon of the first day of fighting, Confederate forces under Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston sought to envelop Grant's left wing and seize Pittsburg Landing. While leading his men against Union forces barring his way, Gen. Johnson was fatally wounded here. Johnston, who had been slightly wounded earlier, was struck just below the right knee by a stray minie ball. The bullet tore open an artery, causing severe bleeding. Tennessee Governor Isham G. Harris, a volunteer aide, discovered Johnston reeling in his saddle near this point, and led him down to the protected ravine on your right. The general died a few minutes later. The tree trunk to your left stands at the site of the oak tree under which Gen. Johnston was found mortally wounded.
9. SHILOH_130302_453.JPG: C. S. General Albert Sidney Johnston Commanding the Confederate Army Died Here at 2:30 P.M. April 6, 1862 Senator Isham G. Harris, who was Governor of Tennessee in 1862 and was serving as volunteer aid on the staff of Gen. Johnston at Shiloh, visited this field in 1896 for the express purpose of fixing the place where General Johnston fell. After careful examination of the ground, over which the Confederate advance was made, he came to the place now marked by the monument and said: “General Johnston was following the advance of Bowen’s Brigade; he had sent the members of his staff to other parts of the field with orders; I was the last to leave him, with an order to put Statham’s Brigade in motion across the Peach orchard. When I returned General Johnston was alone, sitting on his horse near a large oak tree. I saw him reel in the saddle and rode to his side and asked: ‘General are you hurt?’ He replied: ‘Yes, I fear seriously.’ I supported him in the saddle and guided the two horses to the ravine in rear; lifted him from the horse and placed him on the ground. He was unconscious and died in a few minutes, at 2:30 P.M.” Senator Harris fixed the place where the monument stands as the one where General Johnston was wounded, and the spot where this tablet stands as the place where Gen. Johnston died.
10. SHILOH_130302_481.JPG: Bloody Pond The Battle of Shiloh was, at its time, the bloodiest conflict this nation had seen. The beautiful spring woods, fields, and orchards were transformed over two days into scenes of death and destruction which eyewitnesses described as horrible, desolate, and heart-rendering. This shallow pond attracted the weary and wounded soldiers of both armies who were engaged in heavy fighting nearby. Some crawled here for their last drink. Observers after the battle reported that the pond was littered with dead soldiers and horses. Blood had turned the water a murky red. The Debris of Battle: American short-story writer Ambrose Bierce was only 20 when he fought here with the Union Army of the Ohio. Bierce recorded his impressions of the aftermath: Knapsacks, canteens, haversacks distended with soaken and swollen biscuits, gaping to disgorge, blankets beaten into the soil by the rain, rifles with bent barrels or splintered stocks, waist-belts, hats and the omnipresent sardine-box -- all the wretched debris of the battle still littered the spongy earth as far as one could see, in every direction. Dead horses were every-where; a few disabled caissons, or limbers, reclining on one elbow, as it were; ammunition wagons standing disconsolate behind four or six sprawling mules. Men? There were men enough; all dead.
11. SHILOH_130302_495.JPG: The Peach Orchard This was the scene of intense fighting on Sunday afternoon as Federal troops stubbornly resisted Confederate charges through the peach trees. Peach blossoms ripped off by minie balls fell like snow. A Union soldier who faced the Confederate onslaught described the heavy artillery fire: "Everywhere around us the storm began to rage: shot, shell... canister came howling and whistling through our lines. The very trees seemed to protest against it. Missiles flew everywhere." Successive Confederate infantry charges finally broke the blue line, and Federals retreated in disorder back toward Pittsburg Landing. The next day, however, a reinforced Union army won this ground back. Manse George Cabin: At the time of the battle, this land was owned and farmed by the W. Manse George family. When the fighting started, the family fled. Later they returned to find their home burned and possessions destroyed. After the battle, a cabin from another part of the battlefield was moved here to replace the one swept away by war. The short path to your right leads to this historic building.
12. SHILOH_130302_597.JPG: Surrender of the Hornets' Nest In the woods to the right and behind you lay the heart of the Hornets' Nest, where Union infantry and artillery held out eight hours against the Confederate tide. The Federals repulsed a series of assaults across Duncan Field (ahead) and through the adjoining woods. Late in the day, 62 cannon commanded by Brig. Gen. Daniel Ruggles began pounding the Hornets' Nest from across the field, while Confederate infantry pressed in on the flanks. Many Federals escaped the closing trap, but more than 2,000 men under Brig. Gen. Benjamin M. Prentiss held their ground. Isolated and outnumbered, the Union defenders surrendered. The Confederates crushed the Hornets' Nest, but the effort cost them many lives, and allowed General Grant time to consolidate his forces for a successful counterattack the next day.
13. SHILOH_130302_620.JPG: First Minnesota Battery Light Artillery. Capt. Emil Munch, Brig. Gen. B.M. Prentiss' Division. Army of the Tennessee. Engaged from early in the morning, when Capt. Munch was wounded and disabled, in the first day's battle of Shiloh, April 6, 1862. The right and left sections under command of 1st Lieut. William Pfaender participated in the struggle of the "Hornet's Nest" where this monument stands. The two guns of the center section were disabled early in the day, but one of them took part in the evening in repelling the last charge of the Confederates. Capt. E. Munch and 1st Lieut. F.E. Peebles wounded; three men killed and six men wounded.
14. SHILOH_130302_641.JPG: Bald eagle nest.
15. SHILOH_130302_654.JPG: Indian mounds.
16. SHILOH_130302_677.JPG: The Center of Town: You are entering the heart of this town -- a fairly level plaza stretching from here to the edge of the river bluff. The large mounds you see here served on elevated platforms for civic buildings, temples, and homes of prominent leaders. Between 1100 and 1300, this town was one of the largest and most impressive communities along the entire river. Several hundred people lived here, and others came here regularly from villages and hamlets up and down the riverway, just as people might drive to Nashville or Memphis today. Higher Ups: The Mississippean culture, like many others around the world, associated leadership and power with high elevations. In ancient Greece, temples and civic buildings were located on the acropolis, the uppermost part of the city. At Teotihuacan, in Mexico, temples were placed on high pyramids. And in Washington DC, the US Capitol sits on a hill.
Missing Some Bigger photos? Each new digital camera by default wants to take larger and larger photos. To save myself time and server space, I don't upload to the web site versons of photos that are bigger than 2.75 megabytes to the web page. If you want the biggest sized photo and you don't see a link bigger than 0640x0480, email Bruce Guthrie and I'll email specific photos to you.
Stitched photos: "Stitched" photos are made up of two or more individual photos merged together to form one big picture by overlapping them. While the results are frequently impressive (being able to see panoramic views), the photos are seldom all that precise due to distortion as well as differences in lighting and exposure from picture to picture.
Size of Stitched Photos: Stitched photo files end up larger because the photos are combined to form one larger photo. While the file sizes aren't bad for the 160x120 and 640x480 pages, the original stitched files can be 10+ megabytes each. To save space, the biggest versions of the stitched photos are not loaded on the site.
Directly Related Pages: Other pages here that have content directly related to this one:
- 1997_TN_Shiloh: TN -- Shiloh Natl Military Park (29 photos from 1997)
- 1998_TN_Shiloh: TN -- Shiloh Natl Military Park (38 photos from 1998)
- 2007_TN_Shiloh: TN -- Shiloh Natl Military Park (114 photos from 2007)
- 2013_03_02D_ShilohVC: TN -- Shiloh Natl Military Park -- Visitor Center (16 photos from 03/02/2013)
- 2013_03_02E_ShilohNC: TN -- Shiloh Natl Military Park -- National Cemetery (24 photos from 03/02/2013)
- 2013_03_02F_Shiloh_Fallen: TN -- Shiloh Natl Military Park -- Fallen Timbers (12 photos from 03/02/2013)
Same Subject: Click on this link to see coverage of items having the same subject: [Civil War] [National Park]
2013 photos: So far, my camera is mostly the Fuji X-S1 but, depending on the event, I'm also using a Nikon D7000 and Nikon D600. Trips this year have been limited to a Civil War Trust conference in Memphis.
Photo Contact: Email Bruce Guthrie.