BGuthrie Photos: MD -- Silver Spring -- Natl Museum of Health and Medicine (Forest Glen Annex) -- Exhibit: Civil War

MD -- Silver Spring -- Natl Museum of Health and Medicine (Forest Glen Annex) -- Exhibit: Civil War:

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[1] NMHMCW_120521_02.JPG	[2] NMHMCW_120521_08.JPG	[3] NMHMCW_120521_12.JPG	[4] NMHMCW_120521_16.JPG	[5] NMHMCW_120521_21.JPG	[6] NMHMCW_120521_26.JPG	[7] NMHMCW_120907_01.JPG
[8] NMHMCW_120907_19.JPG	[9] NMHMCW_121026_004.JPG	[10] NMHMCW_121026_018.JPG	[11] NMHMCW_121026_020.JPG	[12] NMHMCW_121026_026.JPG	[13] NMHMCW_121026_036.JPG	[14] NMHMCW_121026_040.JPG
[15] NMHMCW_121026_044.JPG	[16] NMHMCW_121026_049.JPG	[17] NMHMCW_121026_054.JPG	[18] NMHMCW_121026_065.JPG	[19] NMHMCW_121026_068.JPG	[20] NMHMCW_121026_075.JPG	[21] NMHMCW_121026_078.JPG
[22] NMHMCW_121026_088.JPG	[23] NMHMCW_121026_090.JPG	[24] NMHMCW_121026_093.JPG	[25] NMHMCW_121026_098.JPG	[26] NMHMCW_121026_101.JPG	[27] NMHMCW_121026_109.JPG	[28] NMHMCW_121026_120.JPG
[29] NMHMCW_121026_123.JPG	[30] NMHMCW_121026_126.JPG	[31] NMHMCW_121026_131.JPG	[32] NMHMCW_121026_136.JPG	[33] NMHMCW_121026_141.JPG	[34] NMHMCW_121026_146.JPG	[35] NMHMCW_121026_153.JPG
[36] NMHMCW_121026_158.JPG	[37] NMHMCW_121026_163.JPG	[38] NMHMCW_121026_166.JPG

Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. NMHMCW_120521_02.JPG: Dorothea Dix steamer
2. NMHMCW_120521_16.JPG: 1st and 2nd Cervical Vertebrae of Capt. Wirz.
3. NMHMCW_120521_21.JPG: Right Radius and Ulna of Capt. Wirz
4. NMHMCW_120521_26.JPG: Captain Henry Wirz After the end of the war, Capt. Henry Wirz was arrested and convicted for war crimes committed while commanding the Confederate prison at Camp Sumter, Andersonville, Georgia. Almost 13,000 of the 45,000 Union soldiers held at the camp died in captivity. Although accused of repeated acts of brutality, Wirz claimed that a debilitating injury to his right arm proved his innocence. He was executed on November 10, 1865 and an autopsy revealed that Wirz had had full use of his right arm.
5. NMHMCW_120907_01.JPG: Tibia, Shrapnel Wound
6. NMHMCW_120907_19.JPG: Cranium, gunshot wound
7. NMHMCW_121026_004.JPG: "As soon as the men are sufficiently recovered to need no further surgical treatment we send them off; the Union men to Philadelphia and the Confederates to Baltimore; very few, if any, will be able to serve in the field again." -- Camp Letterman Hospital, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, September 12, 1863 "It is wise statesmanship which suggests that in time of peace we must prepare for war, and it is no less a wise benevolence that makes preparation in the hour of peace for assuaging the ills that are sure to accompany war." -- Clara Barton
8. NMHMCW_121026_026.JPG: Pocket Pharmaceutical Kit
9. NMHMCW_121026_054.JPG: Tompkins Wheeled Stretcher: Bvt. Brig. Gen. Charles H. Tompkins designed this wheeled stretcher in 1866 based upon his experiments in the Civil War.
10. NMHMCW_121026_065.JPG: Transporting the Wounded: Few observers predicted the terrible clashes that would leave staggering numbers of wounded soldiers on Civil War battlefields. Transporting the wounded soon became a major challenge. Most regiments initially fielded a small contingent of medical personnel along with a few ambulances. As units amassed into enormous armies, medical directors consolidated ambulance services so they could be dispatched where most needed. Trains and ships transported wounded soldiers from field hospitals to centralized facilities for prolonged care.
11. NMHMCW_121026_068.JPG: US Army Hospital Steamship, DA January: The DA January was used on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers from 1862-1865.
12. NMHMCW_121026_075.JPG: Hospital Traincar of the Army of the Cumberland
13. NMHMCW_121026_090.JPG: Lincoln's Last Hours: "His wound is mortal; it is impossible for him to recover." -- Dr. Charles A. Leale On the evening of April 14, 1865, Confederate sympathizer John Wilkes Booth assassinated President Abraham Lincoln with a Deringer pistol at Ford's Theatre. Army physicians and staff from the Army Medical Museum cared for the president through the night, helping him breathe more regularly and making him more comfortable. Lincoln died at 7:20am the following morning. These iconic artifacts tell the story of Lincoln's final hours, and provide context for the medical, historical, and legal investigation of his death.
14. NMHMCW_121026_098.JPG: Documenting Medical History: In addition to anatomical specimens, the Museum gathered a large collection of documents describing medical practices during the Civil War. Letters, reports, photographs, drawings, and the diaries of nurses, surgeons, and soldiers captured the medical histories of thousands of wartime patients. Compiled into the massive, six-volume Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion, the collection helped revolutionize American medicine by documenting the advances in surgical procedures and treatments made during the devastating conflict. "You have no idea how difficult it has been to get even such poor histories as those I send today..." -- Letter to Surgeon J.H. Brinton from Surgeon Henry James about Camp Letterman Hospital, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, September 12, 1863.
15. NMHMCW_121026_101.JPG: Excision of Head of Humerous, Gunshot: Private Benjamin E. Rice (Co. H, 7th Wisconsin), wounded 1862
16. NMHMCW_121026_109.JPG: Letter from Lonnie Cray to the Office of the Surgeon General, December 29, 1883
17. NMHMCW_121026_136.JPG: Studying Wounds: By the end of the Civil War, the Army Medical Museum held more than 4,000 skeletal specimens depicting a wide variety of gunshot, blunt force, and sharp force injuries. Museum staff studied medical records to review surgical procedures and treatments. Anatomists preserved the wet tissue specimens in alcohol and mounted the dry bones for exhibition. Artists drew illustrations of the carefully catalogued specimens to be used in publications distributed throughout the medical community. These specimens are still used in scientific studies.
18. NMHMCW_121026_141.JPG: Cranium, gunshot wound
19. NMHMCW_121026_158.JPG: Civil War Collections: The years 2011-2015 mark the 150th anniversary of the American Civil War, the bloodiest conflict in US history. Deaths on both sides totaled more than 600,000, while another 600,000 suffered from wounds or illnesses that required medical attention. From today's perspective, Civil War medicine seems rudimentary. Many doctors had only limited formal medical education and both sides saw thousands die from diseases that spread quickly throughout most military encampments. Yet the Civil War led to remarkable advances in military medical care, as documented by the specimens and artifacts gathered by the Army Medical Museum. Amassed from historical, anatomical, and archival collections, these objects provide an incomparable resource for the study of Civil War medicine.
20. NMHMCW_121026_166.JPG: "As it is proposed to establish in Washington, an Army Medical Museum, medical officers are directed diligently to collect, and to forward to the office of the Surgeon General, all specimens of morbid anatomy, surgical or medical, which may be regarded as valuable; together with projectiles and foreign bodies removed, and such other matters as may prove of interest in the study of military medicine or surgery. These objects should be accompanied by short explanatory notes. Each specimen in the collection will have appended the name of the medical officer by whom it was prepared." -- Circular No. 2, Surgeon General William A. Hammond, May 21, 1862
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