BGuthrie Photos: MD -- Frederick

MD -- Frederick:

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Description of Pictures: Thanksgiving day downtown. A great day to go because there were basically no cars around.

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Copyrights: All pictures were taken by amateur photographer Bruce Guthrie (me!) who retains copyright on them. Free for non-commercial use with attribution. See the [Creative Commons] definition of what this means. "Photos (c) Bruce Guthrie" is fine for attribution. (Commercial use folks including AI scrapers can of course contact me.) Feel free to use in publications and pages with attribution but you don't have permission to sell the photos themselves. A free copy of any printed publication using any photographs is requested. Descriptive text, if any, is from a mixture of sources, quite frequently from signs at the location or from official web sites; copyrights, if any, are retained by their original owners.

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. FRED_121122_050.JPG: North Market Street "Now I shall see Cousin J. -- Gettysburg Campaign -- On June 28, 1863, Gen. John F. Reynolds rode into Frederick to visit his cousin Catherine Reynolds Cramer and her sisters near the intersection of North Market and Second Streets. She would have much to write the rest of her family on July 1 about this reunion with him. Her delight was obvious: "When we heard the Army of the Potomac was really coming my first and constant thought was, 'now I shall see Cousin J.'" Reynolds visited his cousin that Sunday afternoon before leaving to confer with his new commander, Gen. George G. Meade. Catherine prepared a meal for him, hoping that he would return after the meeting. While waiting, she and her sisters "gave supper to 17 soldiers who came in at different times asking to buy bread as all shops had sold out and they had nothing all day." It was late when Reynolds finished his work for the day. He did not return, and Catherine never saw him again. John Reynolds was killed on the first day of fighting at Gettysburg. Confederates returned here a year later, as Gen. Jubal A. Early forced the city of Frederick to ransom itself for $200,000. The ransom, provided by local banks in bushel baskets of cash, was paid here at the former City Hall on July 9, 1864, the day of the nearby Battle of Monocacy, "the battle that saved Washington."
2. FRED_121122_069.JPG: Capital for a Summer: Foiling Maryland Secession The building in front of you, Kemp Hall, was the capitol of Maryland during the spring and summer of 1861, as the state came perilously close to leaving the Union. Because secession would have placed the U.S. capital, Washington, D.C., between the Confederate states of Maryland and Virginia. President Abraham Lincoln could not let it happen. Two weeks after the Confederate capture of Fort Sumter, South Carolina, Maryland Gov. Thomas H. Hicks called the General Assembly into special session here in Frederick, a strongly Unionist city in debate secession. The state capital, Annapolis, was seething with resentment over the recent Federal occupation of that city. Both the Senate and the House of Delegates began the session on April 26, 1861, in the former Frederick County Courthouse building located two blocks west of here. The next day, the senators and delegates moved here to Kemp Hall, a larger meeting space that belonged to the German Reformed Church. As early as June 20, under Lincoln's suspension of the writ of habeas corpus, Federal troops began arresting suspected pro-secession legislators, starting with Delegate Ross Winans of Baltimore, who was stopped on his way home from the session here. He, like several other lawmakers, was confined briefly under Lincoln's orders. The legislature continued to meet here at Kemp Hall throughout the summer. Finally, lacking a quorum -- primarily because of the arrest of so many secession-leaning senators and delegates -- it adjourned in September without ever considering a secession bill.
3. FRED_121122_136.JPG: Birthplace William Tyler Page Oct. 19, 1868 Author of The American's Creed Placed by Frederick Chapter, D.A.R.
4. FRED_121122_153.JPG: Ramsey House
5. FRED_121122_163.JPG: In this house President Abraham Lincoln October 4, 1862 visited General George L. Hartsuff wounded in the Battle of Antietam.
6. FRED_121122_193.JPG: Carriage House / Slave Quarters
7. FRED_121122_339.JPG: In April 1861 the legislature of Maryland met here in special session. At this assembly a bill regarded as equivalent to an ordinance of secession from the Union was introduced by failed of passage.
8. FRED_121122_349.JPG: Kemp Hall 1861-1961 In the year 1861 the legislature of Maryland, called into extraordinary session by Governor Thomas Holliday Hicks, held session in this building owned by the Evangelical Reformed Church (now the Evangelical and Reformed - United Church of Christ). After convening in the court house on April 26, the senators and delegates assembled here on April 27. The senators on the second floor and the delegates on the third floor. A peace and safety bill was referred to a joint committee and reported favorably, but after an amendment demanding secession was rejected the bill was recommitted. The legislature adjourned in September without passage of the bill because of lack of a quorum due to the arrest of a number of senators and delegates by Federal order, and Maryland never seceded from the Union. On February 15, 1961, the legislature met again in this building to commemorate the Civil War session. ...
9. FRED_121122_357.JPG: Kemp Hall
10. FRED_121122_554.JPG: The Frederick Brick Works: The Frederick Brick Works was established in 1891 on a 63-acre farm tract south of town. The property was rich in clay deposits and located in close proximity to the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. These factors contributed to the company's success as manufacturer of a once-prominent brand of bricks, Frederick Reds. Frederick Reds were used in the construction of numerous buildings throughout the region. The largest project, requiring five million bricks, was the Government Printing Office (1900) in Washington, D.C. Locally, Frederick Reds were used in construction of the first Frederick High School, various buildings at Hood College, and many pre-World War II houses. Following molding, the bricks were moved to the dryers (E). One dryer used hot air, while a second used steam. Both contained tunnel dryers, one heated by waste heat, the other by steam conducted in pipes along the bottom and sides of the dryer. After being thoroughly dried, the bricks were fired. Firing took place in twelve, downdraft kilns (F). The kilns were shaped like beehives, thus allowing for an even distribution of heat. They required constant supervision to maintain the consistent temperatures needed to produce the best quality brick. Following firing, the bricks were stored in sheds (G) where they awaited shipment to construction sites via truck or rail. Frederick Reds were manufactured using the soft-mud process. Clay was stored in the sheds (A) at the south end of the property. When needed, raw clay was moved to the tempering pit (B) where it was combined with water and other materials to increase its plasticity and burn quality. The refined clay was then moved to the pug mill (C) where it was cut and mixed with water. Dry pans were used to crush and grind any slate, shale, or small pebbles in the mixture. Two brick machines (D) then molded the refined clay into bricks. The fortunes of the Frederick Brick Works fluctuated in response to economic conditions. Brick production was temporarily suspended at the height of the depression in 1934, fully restored by the early 1940s, and suspended again during World War II. In 1946 brick production was discontinued permanently due to a combination of maintenance, labor, and marketing difficulties following the war. The company turned to the sale of ready-made building materials and supplies, a business that continues to the present. Plaque prepared for the State Highway Administration (SHA) as part of the East Street Extended Project.
11. FRED_121122_558.JPG: The Lower Depot Neighborhood The railroad transformed 19th century America, facilitating long-distance travel and the efficient transfer of raw materials to factories and agricultural and manufactured goods to markets. For Frederick this transformation began in 1831 when the nation's first railroad, the Baltimore & Ohio, opened a branch line to the city. The first B&O depot stood east of South Carroll Street. In 1872, the Frederick & Pennsylvania Line Railroad was laid down the center of East Street, joining with the B&O tracks east of Water Street. Improved rail connections spurred industrial development in the area. By the close of the 19th century, the local industrial district included two tanners, a flour mill, a coal yard, a step-ladder factory, a canning company, a spoke factory, a bridge works, a brush factory, knitting mills, two ice factories, and a brickworks. The area continued as the industrial heart of the city well into the 20th century. Many neighborhood residents worked in nearby factories and coal yards. The 1910 federal census indicated that 236 inhabitants lived in the area. Of these, thirteen were employed by the railroad, seven by the Frederick Brick Works, and ten by the Union Manufacturing Company, a hosiery mill. As technology and the economy evolved, many of the factories closed, and the neighborhood entered a period of decline. With the opening of the MARC branch line, the Lower Depot Neighborhood found new life in a new century. Plaque prepared for the Maryland Transit Administration (MTA) as part of the MARC Frederick Service Project Passenger train service resumed December 10, 2001
Wikipedia Description: Frederick, Maryland
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Frederick is the county seat of Frederick County, Maryland, USA.

As of the 2006 census estimates, the city has a total population of 58,882, making it the third largest incorporated area in Maryland. Frederick is home to Frederick Municipal Airport (FDK), which primarily accommodates general aviation traffic, and to the U.S. Army's Fort Detrick, the largest employer in the county. Frederick is also home to BP Solar, which is the second largest employer in the county and one of the largest solar panel factories in the country.
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