BGuthrie Photos: DC -- Le Droit neighborhood

DC -- Le Droit neighborhood:

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Copyrights: All pictures were taken by amateur photographer Bruce Guthrie (me!) who retains copyright on them. Free for non-commercial use with attribution. See the [Creative Commons] definition of what this means. "Photos (c) Bruce Guthrie" is fine for attribution. (Commercial use folks including AI scrapers can of course contact me.) Feel free to use in publications and pages with attribution but you don't have permission to sell the photos themselves. A free copy of any printed publication using any photographs is requested. Descriptive text, if any, is from a mixture of sources, quite frequently from signs at the location or from official web sites; copyrights, if any, are retained by their original owners.

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. LDROIT_120930_255.JPG: Robert and Mary Church Terrell House: This home was the residence of Mary Church Terrell, the first African American female school board member in the United States, and Robert H. Terrell, the first African American municipal judge in the District of Columbia.
2. LDROIT_120930_318.JPG: African American Heritage Trail, Washington, DC Elks Columbia Lodge No. 85 1844 Third Street, NW Columbia Lodge No. 85 of the Improved Benevolent and Protective Order of the Elks of the World was incorporated in 1906, eight years after the parent organization was formed in Cincinnati, Ohio. Lodge No. 85's first meeting took place at the True Reformer Hall on U Street, NW. By the 1940s, the organization counted 3,000 members and was well known for its community service and grand parades. In 1925 the Elks purchased a large house at 301 Rhode Island Avenue. Forty years later they sold that headquarters and most of the land, retaining only the portion where they built this new lodge in 1968.
3. LDROIT_120930_330.JPG: "Exacted Ruler". I love those pompous titles they give.
4. LDROIT_120930_378.JPG: African American Heritage Trail, Washington, DC Anna Julia Hayward Cooper Residence 201 T Street, NW Educator, feminist, and civil rights activist Anna Julia Hayward Cooper (1858-1964) lived here from 1916 until her death. Born in North Carolina, Cooper graduated from Oberlin College and moved to Washington in 1887 to teach Latin at the Preparatory School for Colored Youth (now Dunbar High School). From 1902 to 1906 she served as its principal. After earning a Ph.D. from the Sorbonne at age 66, Cooper became president of Frelinghuysen University, a night school for poor and working class adults, holding classes here. Cooper published A Voice from the South and helped found the Colored YWCA (now the Phyllis Wheatley YWCA).
5. LDROIT_120930_384.JPG: The old street names, now renamed to fit the city's naming pattern
6. LDROIT_120930_478.JPG: African American Heritage Trail, Washington, DC Christian Fleetwood and Sara Fleetwood Residence Site 319 U Street, NW Christian Fleetwood (1840-1914) was one of 21 African Americans to be awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor for bravery during the 1864 Battle of Chaffin's Farm near Richmond. After the Civil War he worked for the federal government and organized DC's first black National Guard unit. Sara Fleetwood (1849-1908), a member of the first (1896) graduating class of Freedmen's Hospital nursing school, became its superintendent in 1901. The Fleetwoods moved to this address about 1900 and hosted weekly literary gatherings here. Their home was razed and replaced in the 1990s.
7. LDROIT_120930_515.JPG: Note the split-tone of the paint job
Wikipedia Description: LeDroit Park, Washington, D.C.
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

LeDroit Park is a neighborhood in Washington, D.C. located immediately southeast of Howard University. Its borders include W Street to the north, Rhode Island Avenue and Florida Avenue to the south, Second Street NW to the east, and Georgia Avenue to the west.

The neighborhood was founded in 1873 by Amzi Barber, a businessman who served on the board of trustees of neighboring Howard University. Barber named the neighborhood after his father-in-law, LeDroict Langdon, but dropped the ‘c’.

As one of the first suburbs of Washington, LeDroit Park was developed and marketed as a "romantic" neighborhood with narrow tree-lined streets that bore the same names as the trees that shaded them, differing from the street names used in the rest of the city. Extensive focus was placed on the landscaping of this neighborhood, as developers spent a large sum of money to plant flower beds and trees to attract high profile professionals from the city. Originally a whites-only neighborhood, LeDroit Park was even gated with guards to promote security for its residents. Efforts by many, especially multiple actions by students from Howard University, led to the integration of the area. In July 1888 students tore down the fences that separated the neighborhood in protest of its discriminating policies.

By the 1940s LeDroit Park became a major focal point for the African-American elite as many prominent figures resided there. Griffith Stadium was also located here until 1965, when the Howard University Hospital was built where it used to stand. Le Droit Park includes Anna J. Cooper Circle, named for the education pioneer.

Today, LeDroit Park residents represent a wide variety of ethnic groups. The diversity entices new residents to the community, as well as its close proximity to the Shaw–Howard University Metro station and many dining options.

Architecture:

One of LeDroit's most recognizable features is its Victorian mansions, houses and row-houses, designed by architect James McGill. None of the original 64 homes McGill designed in LeDroit Park were identical and most were built between 1873 and 1877. Today, 50 of the original homes remain. McGill was also a member of the LeDroit Park Property Owners Association, a precursor to the LeDroit Park Civic Association, which is active today.

Public Spaces and Art:

When the Gage-Eckington School Elementary School closed, residents successfully lobbied the city to tear it down and convert it into a park, which opened in 2011 as the Park at LeDroit. The park houses a large playground, a dog park and the Common Good City Farm, an urban agriculture education center and community garden with 40 plots. In May 2011, His Royal Highness Prince Charles of Wales visited the Common Good City Farm.

Murals are painted on many walls throughout the neighborhood. In the Park at LeDroit, "This is How We Live" was commissioned by the DC Commission on the Arts & Humanities to be painted by artist Garin Baker. The mural shows the African-American heritage of the neighborhood, the changing community and landscape and historical and architectural scenes from the past and present. At the dedication on December 13, 2008, Mayor Adrian M. Fenty is quoted as describing the mural as serving to

...visually engage residents through a beautiful neighborhood mural that depicts the unique landscapes, people and images of the historic LeDroit Park community. The mural will become a prominent landmark in the neighborhood for years to come.

Historic District:

The neighborhood's historic value is officially recognized as the LeDroit Park Historic District. The historic district includes the Mary Church Terrell House, a U.S. National Historic Landmark. The neighborhood was awarded a place on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

Notable LeDroit Park Residents

* General William Birney – Civil War Veteran owned the stately mansion on Anna J. Cooper Circle. (T & Second Street)
* Senator Edward Brooke – First African American to win the senate seat by popular vote, was born in this house in 1919. (1938 Third Street)
* Dr. Ralph J. Bunche – The first African-American to receive the Nobel Peace prize, for his mediation in Palestine; resided in LeDroit Park during his professorship at Howard University. — (No address found)
* General Benjamin O. Davis Sr. – The first African-American general. Father of Ben O. Davis Jr; commander of the World War II Tuskegee airmen. (No address found)
* Hon. Oscar De Priest – First Black Congressmen after reconstruction, lived here for his three terms in office. (419 U Street)
* Paul Laurence Dunbar – Black poet laureate & Howard University alumnus. (321 U Street)
* Duke Ellington – jazz legend, lived in the neighborhood with his family during his early childhood. (420 Elm Street)
* Major Christian Fleetwood – One of the first Blacks to be awarded the Medal of Honor. (319 U Street)
* Julia West Hamilton – Civic leader and member of N.A.C.W. (320 U Street)
* Rev. Jesse Jackson – Civil rights activist and founder of the Rainbow/PUSH Coalition. (Corner of Fourth & T Streets)
* Ernest Everett Just – Professor in biology, researcher in biogenetics with significant contributions to zoology and biogenetics. (412 T Street)
* Dr. Jesse Lawson and Dr. Anna J. Cooper – Both prominent educators who founded Frelinghuysen University to educate Blacks working-class adults. Lawson also was a Lawyer (Howard University Law, 1881) who advocated for the rights of poor D.C. residents. (201 T Street)
* Willis Richards – Prominent playwright credited with having the first serious play to be performed on Broadway. (512 U Street)
* Mary Church Terrell – Heiress and activist for civil rights and woman’s suffrage. (326 T Street, National Historic Landmark)
* Walter Washington – the first mayor of DC elected under home rule (408 T Street)
* Clarence Cameron White – A Prominent Violinist educator in fine arts and Howard Alumni (No address found)
* Dr. Garnet C. Wilkinson – Superintendent of Colored Schools during segregation. (406 U Street)
* Octavius Augustus Williams – U.S. Capitol Barber and first Black to move into LeDroit Park in 1893 (338 U Street)
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