DC -- Donald W. Reynolds Center (SAAM) -- Exhibit: Graphic Masters II:
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Description of Pictures: Graphic Masters II: Highlights from the Smithsonian American Art Museum:
Graphic Masters II: Highlights from the Smithsonian American Art Museum, the second in a series of special installations, celebrates the extraordinary variety and accomplishment of American artists' works on paper. These exceptional watercolors, pastels, and drawings from the 1920s to 1990 reveal the central importance of works on paper for American artists, both as studies for creations in other media and as finished works of art. Rarely seen works from the American Art Museum's permanent collection by artists such as Stuart Davis, Sam Francis, Edward Hopper, Willem de Kooning, Joseph Stella, Grant Wood, and Andrew Wyeth are featured in the exhibition. Joann Moser, senior curator for graphic arts, selected the artworks in the exhibition.
Graphic Masters II celebrates the extraordinary variety and accomplishment of American artists' works on paper drawn exclusively from the collection of the Smithsonian American Art Museum. Exceptional watercolors, pastels, and drawings reveal the importance of works on paper -- both as studies for creations in other media and as finished works of art. Watercolors capture the light and color of nature, while pastels allow artists to draw directly in color, blurring traditional distinctions between drawing and painting. Bold drawings include designs for stage sets, book illustrations, and studies for paintings.
Drawings often reveal greater immediacy and experimentation than paintings and sculpture. Preparatory sketches can be spontaneous creations that reveal the artist's thought processes and working methods. Even when works on paper are larger and more finished, competing in scale with easel paintings, they retain a sense of the artist's hand. This installation includes works from early to mid-twentieth century by artists such as Edward Hopper, Stuart Davis, William H. Johnson, John Steuart Curry, Jacob Lawrence, and Sam Francis.
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SIPGGM_090703_018.JPG: Our Good Earth
1942
John Steuart Curry
When Curry was asked to create a monumental image for a war-bond poster during World War II, he depicted a noble American farmer, flanked by two carefree children, standing tall in his Kansas wheat field. The imposing figure emphasizes how important farming was to the war effort. This watercolor is a study for the painting, which was then reproduced as a poster captioned "Our Good Earth -- Keep it Ours."
SIPGGM_090703_022.JPG: Self-Portrait
1928
John Steuart Curry
The intense stare and looming presence of this self-portrait reveal Curry's confidence at a turning point in his career. In 1927 he had returned to the United States after studying drawing in Paris, and a year later his paintings had attained national acclaim. Here Curry's draftsmanship corresponds with his artistic success. The bold lines and powerful swaths of shadow drawn with the broad side of the charcoal reveal the artist's increasing self-assurance.
SIPGGM_090703_027.JPG: Portrait of Clara Fasano
1943
Joseph Stella
Stella drew his friend Clara Fasano on numerous occasions, creating casual studies and posed portraits such as this bold, formal image. Her fashionable hat, flowing black veil, and dramatic red lips and scarf clearly place her in the 1940s. The strong outlines of her face and jacket suggest a self-assured, modern woman. One of America's foremost modernist artists, Stella retained strong ties to his Italian roots as well as to the traditions of the old masters. Even when drawing his friends, he preferred a strict profile view, reminiscent of the early Italian Renaissance tradition.
SIPGGM_090703_036.JPG: Study for American Interior, 1934
about 1934
Charles Sheeler
In Study for American Interior, 1934, Sheeler worked out spatial and color relationships for a painting of the same title. The composition showcases objects from the artist's home in South Salem, New York. The rag rugs, Shaker box, and turned-post bed reveal Sheeler's appreciation of early American furniture and crafts. The shadows cast by the streaming sunlight carve the space into an abstract composition of angular forms that echo the patterns in the textiles. The red, white, and blue palette of this small watercolor reinforces the American theme.
SIPGGM_090703_043.JPG: Card Player
1937
Isabel Bishop
Bishop moved on her studio in Union Square in New York City in 1934 and spent much of her time sketching people in the area engaged in their everyday activities. She believed that drawings were crucial steps in planning a painting. Bishop dedicated herself to this preparatory work to such an extent that she sometimes completed only four paintings per year. Bishop herself once stated, "A pen drawing will often contain everything that will become the final picture."
SIPGGM_090703_052.JPG: Village Slums
1937
Grant Wood
Village Slums is one of nine illustrations that Wood created for Sinclair Lewis's 1920 novel Main Street. Seven of the drawings depict characters from the novel, while only two show locations. Village Slums and another that details a mansion on Main Street contrast poor and wealthy neighborhoods. Wood made use of a bird's-eye perspective in Village Slums, indicating that the viewer is looking down on the little community.
SIPGGM_090703_060.JPG: November First
1950
Andrew Wyeth
Depicted tattered cornstalks in a harvested field, November First captures the cold damp of late autumn, portraying the inevitable cycles of decay and renewal. Wyeth steadfastly maintained his dedication to painting the people and places that are familiar to him in Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania, and Cushing, Maine. The cornfield shown in this watercolor is located near his studio in Chadds Ford, behind the house of Dr. Margaret Handy, the pediatrician who cared for Wyeth's two children.
SIPGGM_090703_067.JPG: Abstraction
1937
Stuart Davis
Davis's abstract compositions contain many references to his experiences and observations. He said, "Some of the things which have made me want to paint, outside of other paintings, are: American wood and iron work of the past; Civil War and skyscraper architecture; the brilliant colors on gasoline stations, chain-store fronts and taxicabs; the music of Bach; synthetic chemistry; the poetry of Rimbaud; fast travel by train, auto and airplane which brought new and multiple perspectives; electric signs; the landscape and boats of Gloucester, Mass.; five-and-ten-cent-store kitchen utensils; movies and radio; Earl Hines' hot piano and Negro jazz music in general."
SIPGGM_090703_074.JPG: Impression of the New York World's Fair
(mural study, Communications Building, World's Fair, Flushing, New York)
1938
This work is the only surviving design of the artist's demolished mural for the Communications Building at the World's Fair held in Flushing, New York, in 1939. This gouache was originally commissioned by Harper's Bazaar magazine for its February 1939 issue. Impression of the New York World's Fair is an interpretation of various architectural elements at the fair, such as the Trylon and Perisphere, and of stripper Gypsy Rose Lee at center stage.
SIPGGM_090703_081.JPG: Stage Setting for "Gas"
1925-1926
Louis Lozowick
Gas in an expressionist, World War I drama by the German playwright Georg Kaiser about a rebellion at a plant producing poison gas. Lozowick designed the stage set for Marion Gering's 1926 production of this play at the Goodman Theatre in Chicago, and this is one of several preparatory drawings. The artist used America's industrialized landscape as the inspiration for the set, which he intended "to be the crystallization of a vision fashioned by the rigid geometric pattern of the American city."
SIPGGM_090703_087.JPG: Drawbridge
1939
Louis Lozowick
Lozowick's fascination with bridges echoes the technological optimism that swept across America after World War I. He also believed such subjects offered the opportunity to combine abstraction and representation in his art. Lozowick said, "There is no theoretical reason why the technical gains of abstraction cannot be used in the representation of an actual scene... If the graphic artist can avoid the danger of ornamental abstraction on the one hand and photographic realism on the other, if he can apply the force of new technical equipment to the wealth of new themes, no prospect for what he might accomplish would be too hopeful."
SIPGGM_090703_095.JPG: Untitled
1950
Willem de Kooning
This black-and-white drawing reveals de Kooning's mastery of the spontaneous gesture. In the service of pure abstraction, his lines move across the surface with a fluency and energy that distinguish his most accomplished work. Integrating angular and curvilinear forms, this composition captures the tension an artist experiences at the moment of creative expression.
SIPGGM_090703_102.JPG: Going Out
about 1939
William H. Johnson
A mother and daughter, dressed to the nines, are ready for a night on the town, likely in Harlem. The mother is distinguished by her red beret, bright red lipstick, and high-heeled shoes, and the daughter by the bow in her hair, her white dress, and abstracted flowers. Johnson reveals a sense of humor in two flower forms that also suggest lollipops and breasts.
SIPGGM_090703_110.JPG: The Waitress
about 1934-1939
Isaac Soyer
"The artist discovers beauty and meaning it whatever environment he is cast by chance," Soyer wrote in 1947. For him, the place was New York City, where he drew scenes of everyday life. In The Waitress, Soyer captures a waitress cleaning the table of a man dining alone. Around them, customers bustle and converse and dishes clank, but the artist isolates the two figures from their surroundings. They are engrossed in private thoughts despite their physical proximity.
SIPGGM_090703_116.JPG: Back of the Yards
about 1937
Mitchell Siporin
The yards in this title refer to the Union Stock Yards near a residential neighborhood in Chicago. Siporin's father was a union organizer, and the artist was especially sensitive to the plight of the homeless and dispossessed during the Great Depression. The mother, father, and child form a compositional unit in the center, while the man in a trench coat is a menacing figure. In the painting based on this drawing, the artist eliminated the man in the coat, focusing the viewer's attention on the family.
SIPGGM_090703_123.JPG: Double Portrait
1944
Alfonso Ossorio
This elegant, hallucinatory drawing combines grotesque anatomical fragments, realistic portraiture, and surrealistic fantasy. Ossorio's state of mind can only be described as tormented, induced by his World War II experiences, a recent divorce, and his uneasy acknowledgement of homosexuality. Double Portrait is based on his memories of Camp Ellis, Illinois, where he suffered a life-threatening accident and documented injured soldiers and prisoners of war as a medical illustrator.
SIPGGM_090703_135.JPG: Monument to Sound
1936
Raymond Jonson
The lines and shapes of Monument to Sound suggest an interior space where sound waves take visible form, a sanctuary for the imagination. The artist explained his dedication to abstraction based on science and spiritual values: "Around us we have realism, strife, pain and greed. I wish to present the other side of life, namely the feeling of order, joy, and freedom. By setting up my own plastic means I can at least thrill to the attempt of establishing some fundamental principles that are universal and enduring."
SIPGGM_090703_142.JPG: Private Law and Order Leagues
about 1938-1939
David Smith
In the mid 1930s, Smith began drawings for a series of fifteen relief sculptures he called "Medals for Dishonor," an ironic reference to the nation's highest military decoration, the Medal of Honor. Smith believed that groups such as the Ku Klux Klan and the German-American Bund, a pro-Nazi organization, represented fascism in America. In the background of this study, KKK hates mimicking mountains surround a lynching tree, while a cross transforms into a swastika. Although a central theme of this series is women as victims of physical aggression, they do not escape indictment. With her hatchet, Carrie Nation represents the self-righteous zealotry of bigots. Strewn with references to the "wild West," this vision portrays the horrors of vigilante justice in the guise of law and order.
SIPGGM_090703_157.JPG: On Fire
1949
Dorothea Tanning
The breathless, fleeing girl with clothing in flames epitomizes Tanning's surreal narratives. The ambiguity of the half-clothed figure suggests a state of metamorphosis. Her forward thrust is thwarted by a brick wall that swallows his forearms, as in a nightmare. Tanning had fled Paris on the brink of war in 1939, and she returned in 1949 to a devastated city. Despite the possible biographical connection, the meaning of this image is unclear because, as the artist explained, "My work is about the enigmatic, about leaving the door open to imagination."
SIPGGM_090703_165.JPG: Black Shore Dunes
about 1955-1965
Seong Moy
The gestural lines of Black Shore Dunes recalled the calligraphic lines of Chinese landscape drawings. Moy was born in China and came to the United States when he was ten years old. He owned a home in Provincetown, Massachusetts, where he spent summers. The beaches of Provincetown are distinguished by vast stretches of dunes where many artists spent long hours drawing and painting. Although this drawing appears to be entirely abstract, careful examination reveals dunes in the lower half and a sun in the upper left corner of the composition. The black washes suggest the humid atmosphere, while the quickly drawn lines give a sense of open, windswept spaces.
SIPGGM_090703_173.JPG: Saber Dance
1952
Gene Davis
Davis began his career making gestural, abstract drawings in black ink, but the various grays in drawings such as Saber Dance indicate an incipient interest in color. Although he is best known for his colorful paintings of vertical stripes made later in his career, early drawings like this one reveal the breadth of his interests and his range of expression. David made the drawings without a subject in mind and gave them titles after he completed them.
SIPGGM_090703_179.JPG: Untitled
1950
Charles White
Two figures stare out a narrow window. The young girl cradles a large doll in her arms, protecting the doll's chest with her hand. The doll is missing a head, arms, and feet. The larger, second figure is possibly an older brother, or perhaps her mother. The cramped space of this composition, made even more confined by the two horizontal planks across the window frame, creates a feeling of tension and claustrophobia. This powerful drawing distills the anxieties that many African Americans felt in pre-civil rights days.
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2009 photos: Equipment this year: I mostly used the Fuji S100fs. I've also got a Nikon D90 and a newer Fuji -- the S200EHX -- both of which are nice but I still prefer the flexibility of the Fuji.
Trips this year:
Niagara Falls, NY,
New York City,
Civil War Trust conferences in Gettysburg, PA and Springfield, IL, and
my 4th consecutive San Diego Comic-Con trip (including Los Angeles, Yosemite, Death Valley, Kings Canyon, Joshua Tree, etc).
Ego strokes: I had a picture of a Lincoln-Obama cupcake sculpture published in Civil War Times and WUSA-9, the local CBS affiliate, ran a quick piece on me. A picture that I took at the annual Abraham Lincoln Symposium appeared in the National Archives' "Prologue" magazine. I became a volunteer with the Smithsonian American Art Museum.
Number of photos taken this year: 417,000.
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