DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (1) Pulitzer Prize Photographs:
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NEWSP_080411_013.JPG: 2007 Feature: A Mother's Journey:
Cyndie French was a single mother of five whose 10-year-old son, Derek, had cancer. It was diagnosed about six months before she met Sacramento Bee photographer Renee Byer at a Race for the Cure event in May 2005. Cyndie invited Byer to photograph her daily struggle of caring for Derek. She wanted to share their story to let others know what it's like to live with cancer and to raise awareness that there are families who need financial support.
Over the next year, Byer, along with reporter Cynthia Hubert, spent countless hours with Derek and Cyndie, chronicling painful doctor visits and surgeries, and Derek's rebellion against his mother and new treatments. There are images of intimate moments as Cyndie lovingly tries to comfort and entertain Derek, while wondering how she would meet the mountain of unpaid bills and how her other children were being affected. Byer said, "There were times when her story felt like a gut punch in my stomach."
In the end, Cyndie lost the battle. Derek was buried on May 19, 2006. He was 11.
NEWSP_080411_018.JPG: 1962: Two Men With a Problem:
The Bay of Pigs invasion had failed. In the spring of 1961, President John F. Kennedy was in trouble. Cuba's Fidel Castro and Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev pressed the advantage. Americans questioned their young president's ability to lead.
The weight of the world on his shoulders, Kennedy retreated to Camp David on April 22 to talk with his predecessor, Dwight D. Eisenhower. The two posed for photos. The AP's Paul Vathis took the requisite shots, all the while wishing for a genuine, unguarded moment. "I heard Ike tell Kennedy, 'I know a place where we can talk.'" They walked away.
The journalists were leaving. Vathis knelt to pack his camera. He glanced up. "There were just two of them, all by themselves, their heads bowed, walking up the path. They looked so lonely." Vathis got off two quick shots, right between the legs of a surprised Secret Service agent. Press secretary Pierre Salinger was angry. Said Vathis; "I'm just changing my film."
NEWSP_080411_023.JPG: 1967: James Meredith Shot:
James Meredith, the first African American to attend the University of Mississippi, was walking the length of his racially divided state to encourage black Americans to vote.
On day two, June 6, 1966, a few supporters joined him. Journalists leapfrogged ahead in cars. The AP's Jack Thornell and two other photographers were parked by the side of the road. A voice called out: "James. I just want James Meredith." A white man stood, leveling a 16-gauge shotgun. Thornell jumped from the car. Meredith already was down. "We were in the line of fire. We were trying to protect our heads. We weren't taking a lot of photographs."
One picture was enough. The Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. and Stokely Carmichael took up the cause. Meredith recovered and rejoined the civil rights march, walking this time with 18,000.
NEWSP_080411_032.JPG: 1971 Spot News: Kent State Massacre:
In the spring of 1970, student activists demonstrated on campuses across America. When President Richard Nixon announced on April 30 that U.S. troops were moving into Cambodia, students at Ohio's Kent State University reacted with a destructive beer bash in downtown Kent. Twenty-four hours later, as nearly 800 students watched, the campus ROTC building was burned to the ground.
On Monday, May 4, photojournalism student John Filo returned after a weekend away to find 500 National Guard troops on campus. He grabbed his camera and headed for a student demonstration. There, National Guardsmen ordered protesters to disperse. Students threw rocks and shouted, "Pigs off campus!" The guardsmen fired teargas canisters. Students threw more rocks. The guardsmen retreated, but then suddenly turned, knelt, aimed and fired.
Filo thought they were shooting blanks. They weren't. A boy lay in a puddle of blood. "A girl came up and knelt over the body and let out a God-awful scream. That made me click the camera." Four students died. Eight guardsmen were indicted. No one was convicted.
NEWSP_080411_037.JPG: 1973 Spot News: Vietnam -- Terror of War:
A thick gel fell from the sky, sticking to everything it hit -- thatched roofs, bare skin -- then burning, burning. Napalm. Everyone in Vietnam saw it. But not like young AP photographer Nick Ut.
On June 8, 1972, he covered a battle near Trang Bang, west of Saigon. "Really heavy fighting," he said. Trying to disentrench the Viet Cong, the South Vietnamese dropped napalm. But one plane missed. Fire rained down on civilians. Women and children ran screaming. Ut snapped pictures. A little girl ran toward him, arms outstretched, eyes shut in pain, clothes burned off by napalm. "She said, 'Too hot, please help me!'"
Ut took her to the hospital. The napalm girl, Phan Thi Kim Phuc, survived, grew up, got married. Ut, who lost his older brother to the war, never lost touch with her.
NEWSP_080411_049.JPG: 1975 Spot News: Lull in the Battle:
His grandfather fought fires and died in the line of duty. As a boy, Gerald Gay wanted to be a firefighter, too. So when the Seattle photographer got a call to a fire on the morning of Oct. 11, 1974, he was ready to follow the photographers' adage "The best pictures come when your mind and heart are there."
A house had burned down. Tired firefighters mopped up. Gay walked up as four of them took a break. "As I crouched and watched them, they just went back to what they were doing. All I really thought at the moment is, 'These are the firemen who fought the fire.' The background is wonderful. There's burned brush and smoke and an overturned wheelbarrow. And dejected people ... There was one frame where the firemen turned. Each had a certain expression, which is what made the picture."
NEWSP_080411_071.JPG: 1980 Spot News: Justice and Cleansing in Iran:
Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini's Islamic Revolution had steamrolled over Iran. Khomeini imposed his Shiite Muslim beliefs and destroyed "corrupt Western influences." The country's 4 million Sunni Muslim Kurds rejected him. Khomeini's Revolutionary Guards slaughtered scores, dispensing "justice" in mock trials.
On Aug. 27, 1979, nine Kurdish rebels and two former police officers of the deposed Shah of Iran were executed in Sanandaj. A photographer from Ettela'at, an Iranian newspaper, was there. To protect the photographer's life, his photo ran without credit in Ettela'at. A UPI staffer in Iran acquired the picture from the paper, and it was transmitted worldwide.
Explained the UPI staffer: "Those in the bureau often sat gazing at the picture, and contemplated the numbing transition from life to death that it depicts."
The Pulitzer Prize was awarded to "an unarmed photographer," which is how it stayed until 2006, when The Wall Street Journal conclusively identified the photographer as Jahangir Razmi, who now runs a photo studio in Tehran. "There's no more reason to hide," Razmi told The Journal.
NEWSP_080411_079.JPG: 1982 Feature: Life In Chicago:
For more than 30 years, John White photographed Chicago. "I live in the city, I breathe the city, the city is everything."
At the Chicago Sun-Times, White covered his share of fires, murders and politics. But what he loved were uplifting pictures: dancers rehearsing at a new high school or children running joyfully through Carbini Green, Chicago's most notorious housing project. "I don't really take pictures," he said. "I capture and share life. Moments come when pictures take themselves."
White's prize-winning 1981 portfolio reflected a year in the life of the city. "The purpose was to share slices of life from all walks of life; to be the psalm of the life of people." Most people, he noted, got a steady diet of hard news. These photos gave "the benefit of the joy and peace that life has also."
NEWSP_080411_090.JPG: 1996 Spot News: Oklahoma City Bombing:
Charles Porter was working in the Liberty Bank loan department when "there was just a huge, huge explosion... a loud boom, like a sonic boom. The whole building shook."
An aspiring photojournalist, Porter got his camera and ran toward the blast. "There is glass all over... people lying on the ground. A guy walks by without his shirt, and blood is streaming from his head." It was April 19, 1995. Porter had just arrived at the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City. "It's like they shaved off the front of the building and then they took an ice cream scoop and scooped right down the center." Porter took pictures, saw a blur, turned to his left. "It's a policeman carrying something. I snap the frame just as the policeman hands it to a fireman. The fireman turns, and he's holding this infant. I take one shot."
The explosion killed 168 people, including the 1-year-old Baylee Almon, the child in Porter's picture.
NEWSP_080411_098.JPG: 1993 Spot News: Olympics in Barcelona:
In July 1992, 600 photojournalists went to Barcelona, Spain, for the Summer Olympics. Some organizations fielded dozens of photographers. The Dallas Morning News sent William Snyder and Ken Geiger.
Geiger called the Olympics "one of the hardest things I've ever had to do... a marathon for a journalist." Snyder agreed: "Our goal was to be the lead photo on Page One every day." They divvied up the events. Snyder got basketball and diving. "We went out there with the idea that not only would we get the moments, but we would also try to shoot things differently."
Geiger drew track and field. He had just shot the U.S. women's team winning the 100-meter relay on July 8 when he noticed the Nigerian women watching the scoreboard. When they learned they had won a bronze medal, "they broke into celebration," said Geiger. "I had to change cameras to the one with a shorter lens. Then I took the photo."
NEWSP_080411_103.JPG: 1995 Spot News: Crisis in Haiti:
Carol Guzy had covered Haiti since the early 1980s, returning on her own when an editor wouldn't send her. "I felt like I had to make people see what was going on there," she said. "Some say I became obsessed, but I'd rather call it a mission."
Jean-Bertrand Aristide had won Haiti's first free presidential elections in December 1990. Then he was deposed. The United States imposed a trade embargo. "Even I had lost all hope," Guzy said. "The military government was entrenched." But in September 1994, U.S. troops landed in Haiti to help return Aristide to power. "I saw hope and even jubilation in people's eyes."
In Port-au-Prince on Sept. 29, Guzy photographed a "very joyous democracy march." Then someone threw a grenade. "I hit the ground with everybody else." The crowd thought the man who was sitting down had thrown the grenade. "They were trying to tear him apart. The U.S. troops were trying to protect him."
NEWSP_080411_116.JPG: 2000 Breaking News: Columbine:
Littleton, Colo., was quiet. Little out of the ordinary ever happened in the Denver suburb -- until April 20, 1999.
George Kochaniec Jr. knew something was happening the moment he walking into the Rocky Mountain News office in Denver. It was a shooting at Littleton's Columbine High School, and everyone was moving fast.
The photographer arrived at "a scene that was surreal... kids bleeding... TV reporters crying... scary. It will never go away." He set up his long lens. He saw student Jessica Holliday screaming skyward, asking "Why, why?" He saw anguished students embrace.
Above the scene in a helicopter, News photographer Rodollo Gonzales photographed a wounded boy on the ground, not knowing he was dead. Weeks later, he took a picture of a line of crosses atop a hill in nearby Clement Park, a magnet for the thousands who mourned.
The 20-member Rocky Mountain News photo staff won the Pulitzer Prize for documenting the day that two Columbine High School students massacred 12 classmates and a teacher, turning their quiet community into the scene of the deadliest school shooting in U.S. history.
NEWSP_080411_125.JPG: 2002 Breaking News: World Trade Center Attack:
Sept 11, 2001, dawned clear, a great day for a morning walk. As artist and freelance photographer Steve Ludlum was strolling along the Brooklyn waterfront, he saw smoke pouring from the North Tower of the World Trade center. Ludlum, now sprinting, ran home for his camera. He asked a friend to drive him to Manhattan Bridge, where he found a good view of the World trade Center.
Ludlum rested his zoom lens between a fence's iron railings. He adjusted his camera, unaware that United Flight 175 was headed straight toward the South Tower. A ball of flame appeared in the viewfinder. "Bomb," he thought, releasing the shutter.
His regular photo lab was unreachable. He spent 90 anxious minutes at a one-hour drugstore service, knowing "an artist has one shot at greatness and this was mine." He opened the envelope and exhaled. The negative was sharp. His next stop: The New York Times.
NEWSP_080411_158.JPG: 1958: Faith and Confidence:
Sept. 10, 1957, was a sleepy, Indian-summer day. Not a bad time to be out photographing the Chinese Merchants Association parade in the nation's capital. That's what William Beall was doing for the Washington Daily News. There was plenty to shoot. People lined the sidewalk. Chinese dancers and paper dragons roamed the streets. Firecrackers popped and sizzled.
Out of the corner of his eye, Beall saw a small boy step into the street. In front of the child was a dancing Chinese dragon -- and a tall young policeman. The policeman intercepted the boy, cautioning him back from the passing parade. Said Beall: "I suddenly saw the picture, turned and clicked." The photographer fired off one shot, freezing forever a look of childhood innocence.
NEWSP_080415_023.JPG: 1985 Spot News: Olympics in Los Angeles:
At the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, China competed in the Olympic Games for the first time since 1952. Women ran their first Olympic marathons. And three photographers from The Orange County Register -- Rick Rickman, Hal Stoelzle, and Brian Smith -- tried to outdo much bigger news organizations.
"The L.A. Times had 40 credentials and we had three," Rickman said. "It was a daunting task." They couldn't compete head-to-head, so they looked for the striking shot. Said Smith, "We wanted someone to pick up the paper and see something they hadn't seen on TV the night before. We definitely did not play it safe."
On Aug. 12, Hal Stoelzle was covering men's freestyle swimming. He had arrived at 5:30am to secure a spot. The finals didn't begin until late afternoon. The still-photo positions were under the bleachers, where the heat topped 100 degrees. But when teammates greeted Rowdy Gaines in front of the flag after he won the gold medal in the men's 100-meter freestyle, "I knew the wait had been worth it."
NEWSP_080415_027.JPG: 1986 Feature: Philadelphia's Homeless:
In the winter of 1985, Philadelphia Inquirer photographer Tom Gralish stepped into the lives of the city's street people. "I didn't know much about these guys. So I decided to show what their day is like."
Gralish found "a community -- enough vendors to be nice to them, enough steam grates, a liquor store nearby, a hospital, lots of commuters to panhandle -- everything they needed."
Walter, one of the men Gralish photographed, lived on the sidewalk heating grate. "Walter is one of the guys who is hard to reach because he talks to himself." Still, Gralish got his pictures. "People like it when you pay attention to them. These guys had disdain for society and the rules; that's why they objected to the shelters. They saw themselves as the last free men."
NEWSP_080415_032.JPG: 1991 Spot News: Human Torch:
Soweto, South Africa: It was not yet dawn on Sept. 15, 1990, when Greg Marinovich and Associated Press reporter Tom Cohen stumbled onto a gunfight between supporters of the African National Congress and the predominantly Zulu Inkatha Freedom Party.
ANC youths seized Lindsaye Tschabalala, a Zulu man. They stoned him. A man hauled out a massive, shiny Bowie knife and stabbed hard. "My heart was racing," Marinovich said. "I had difficulty taking deep enough breaths. I called out, 'Who is he? What's he done?' A voice from the crowd replied, 'He's an Inkatha spy.'" Marinovich tried to argue. He took photos mechanically. When the Zulu lay still, he looked away. Suddenly, "the man I thought dead was running across the field, his body enveloped in flames." A man swung a machete into his blazing skull as a boy fled "this vision of hell."
Marinovich made it back to his car. He closed his eyes and began to beat the steering wheel with his fists. "I could finally scream."
NEWSP_080415_036.JPG: 1994 Feature: Waiting Game for Sudanese Child:
By February 1993, South African photojournalist Kevin Carter had spent a decade documenting political strife. In the midst of gunfights, he wondered "about which millisecond I was going to die, about putting something on film they could use as my last picture."
For a change, Carter covered the famine in Sudan. At a feeding station at Ayod on March 23, he saw people so weakened by hunger that they were dying at the rate of 20 an hour. In the bush, Carter heard a soft whimpering, a tiny girl trying to get to the feeding center. A vulture landed nearby. Carter waited. The vulture waited. Carter took his picture and chased the bird away. He sat under a tree and cried.
The photograph ran in newspapers worldwide. Carter received outraged letters: Why didn't he pick up the child? Journalists had been told not to touch famine victims because of disease. But Carter told a friend, "I'm really, really sorry I didn't pick the child up." The controversy and personal problems overwhelmed him. On July 27, 1994, police found Kevin Carter dead, an apparent suicide. He was 33.
NEWSP_080415_042.JPG: 2001 Breaking News: Elian:
It was dawn in Miami's Little Havana. Photographers and reporters dozed on lawn chairs. Demonstrators milled about after an all-night vigil. Inside the house, a family lawyer negotiated by phone with U.S. Attorney General Janet Reno. On the sofa, 6-year-old Elian Gonzalez slept.
AP photographer Alan Diaz stood at the backyard fence. For five months from this spot, Diaz had covered the international custody war between the child's cousins in Miami and father in Cuba.
At 5am on April 22, 2000, rumors began to swirl that a temporary accord might allow a visit with the boy's father. The rumors proved untrue. Suddenly, Diaz heard heavy boots stampeding the backyard. A family friend let him in the front door and locked it just before federal agents smashed into the house. "What's happening?" Elian asked. "What's happening?" Diaz tried to calm Elian down. One agent pointed a 9 mm submachine gun. Diaz took the picture: a terrified child being seized by the federal government.
NEWSP_080415_058.JPG: 1979 Feature: Blizzard Rams New England:
The lighthouse was 114 feet high, so the foam must have been spraying about 100 feet into the air.
It was Feb. 8, 1978. A blizzard slammed New England, shutting roads, businesses and schools. Snow buried everything. Kevin Cole, Boston Herald American chief photographer, was stuck in Plymouth, Mass. "The snow was over the house. I've never seen anything like it." Cole got to the Hyannis airport and found a pilot to take him up. The sea raged. "The whole coastline was gone, houses in the water, houses floating, waves crashed inside them." They circled the Minot Light. "We can't stay out here any longer," the pilot told Cole. "Just as he started to turn," Cole said, "I saw a huge wave. That's when I got that shot, and that's the same time I threw up."
The worst New England storm in 200 years -- chronicled in a special section by the entire Herald American photo staff -- killed 54 and left thousands homeless.
NEWSP_080415_061.JPG: 1977 Spot News: The Soiling of Old Glory:
April 6, 1976: At Boston's City Hall, 200 white students demonstrated against plans to bus children to integrate the city's schools. "Everything appeared to be over," said Boston Herald American photographer Stanley Forman. Then Theodore Landsmark, executive director of the Contractors Association of Boston, headed toward City Hall. Landsmark was black. The students were white.
"Everything started to happen," Forman said. A student ran up with a flagpole. Others held Landsmark. The student struck him repeatedly. "I was making pictures... I saw him going down and rolling over. He was being hit with the flagpole. I switched lenses."
Forman recorded the day an American flag, a symbol of liberty, was used as a weapon of racial hatred.
NEWSP_080415_065.JPG: 1977 Spot News: Brutality in Bangkok:
October 1976: Thailand's third government in two years was teetering. Late one night, right-wing vocational students lynched two left-wing university students.
AP photographer Neal Ulevich had covered the Vietnam War. Yet he was "very scared" the morning on Oct. 6, when paramilitary troops fired every which way at the battling students. "Tremendous volleys" flew across soccer fields and into the classrooms. "There were bodies all over... no place to take cover."
When the left-wing students gave up, Ulevich headed for the gates. He saw a body hanging, a crowd so enraged "that a man was hitting the body on the head with a folding chair." Ulevich took a few frames. He walked away. No one noticed. When he won the Pulitzer, Bangkok newspapers reported the local photographer's feat on Page One. They did not print the photos.
NEWSP_080415_069.JPG: 1974 Feature: Burst of Joy:
March 17, 1973, was overcast. No shadows. Beautiful light, thought AP photographer Sal Veder, looking down the tarmac at Travis Air Force Base. Families excitedly awaited the return of fathers, husbands, brothers -- American prisoners of war, coming home from North Vietnam. A giant C-141 taxied up and stopped. Alert, solemn men disembarked in new dress uniforms. A lot of people cried. "Some of the photographers were pretty well shaken up," Veder said, "I was, too."
The last man off was Col. Robert L. Stirm of the U.S. Air Force. Six years earlier, he had been shot down over Hanoi. His family had waited since then, not knowing if they'd ever see him again. Stirm addressed the crowd: "Thank you... God bless you and God bless America." Then Veder saw it. "Motion. The family had started to run toward him, and that's what caught my eye."
NEWSP_080415_108.JPG: 1977 Feature: Moment of Reflection:
By spring 1976, the Vietnam War was over. Yet its impact remained. Robin Hood had learned a trade in Vietnam. He went over as an Army information officer and came back as a photographer. Eddie Robinson served in Vietnam, too. But the war took something away from him: his legs.
The two veterans crossed paths on May 15 at an Armed Forces Day parade. Hood walked along the sidelines, taking pictures for the Chattanooga News-Free Press. Vietnamese children caught his eye. They had been relocated to Chattanooga as war refugees and were watching the parade, waving small American flags.
Then the photographer saw Robinson, in army fatigues, a rain poncho and a wheelchair. "The thought occurred to me that here was a man who made a supreme sacrifice for the freedom of those [Vietnamese] children." He released the shutter.
NEWSP_080415_112.JPG: 1969 Spot News: Viet Cong Execution:
Jan. 30, 1968: North Vietnam's Tet Offensive brought fighting into the U.S. Embassy in Saigon. Thirty-six hours later, AP photographer Eddie Adams and an NBC crew came upon two South Vietnamese soldiers and a prisoner.
"And out of nowhere came this guy who we didn't know," Gen. Nguyen Ngoc Loan, chief of Vietnam's national police, walked up and shot the prisoner in the head. His reason: The prisoner, a Viet Cong lieutenant, had just murdered a South Vietnamese colonel, his wife and their six children.
The peace movement adopted the photo as a symbol of war's brutality. But Adams, who stayed in touch with Loan, said the photo wrongly stereotyped the man: "If you're this general and you just caught this guy after he killed some of your people... how do you know you wouldn't have pulled that trigger yourself? You have to put yourself in that situation. ... It's a war."
NEWSP_080415_115.JPG: 1969 Feature: Deep Sorrow:
Moneta Sleet was there in 1955 when the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. organized the Montgomery bus boycott. He was there in 1964 when King won the Nobel Peace Prize. He was there in 1965 when King led the march from Selma to Montgomery. And he was there on April 9, 1968, when King was mourned at Atlanta's Ebenezer Baptist Church, five days after a sniper's bullet felled the civil rights leader.
Coretta Scott King discovered that the press pool covering her husband's funeral included no black photographers. She sent word that if Moneta Sleet wasn't allowed in the church, there would be photographers, period. Sleet took a prime position. "I was photographing the child as she was fidgeting on her mama's lap. Professionally I was doing what I had been trained to do, and I was glad of that because I was very involved emotionally. If I hadn't been there working, I would have been off crying like everybody else."
NEWSP_080415_118.JPG: 1968 Spot News: The Kiss of Life:
July 17, 1967: Air conditioners hummed all over Florida. In Jacksonville, they knocked out the electrical system. Jacksonville Journal photographer Rocco Morabito was on his way to cover a railroad strike when he saw Electric Authority linemen up on the poles. Morabito grabbed eight pictures at the strike and hustled back to do the power outage story.
"I heard screaming. I looked up and I saw this man hanging down. Oh my God, I don't know what to do." The lineman, Randall Champion, was dangling by his safety belt, felled by 4,160 volts of electricity. "I took the picture right quick." Morabito saw lineman J.D. Thompson run to the pole. "I went to my car and called an ambulance. I got back to the pole and J.D. was up there breathing into Champion."
Morabito made pictures -- and prayed. Thompson shouted, "He's breathing!" Champion survived.
NEWSP_080415_127.JPG: 1964: Jack Ruby Shoots Lee Harvey Oswald:
Friday, Nov. 22, 1963: Dallas Times Herald photographer Robert Jackson rode in President John F. Kennedy's Dallas motorcade. Crowds cheered. Flags flew. Jackson stopped snapping photographs to change film. That instant the world changed. Shots. Bedlam. Jackson saw a rifle in the Texas School Book Depository window. He had no film in his camera. Within minutes, the president was dead.
On Sunday, Jackson showed up at Dallas police headquarters to cover assassination suspect Lee Harvey Oswald's transfer to the county jail. "I walked right in. There was no security." Jackson picked his spot in the garage, pre-focusing. "They said, 'Here he comes,' and they brought him out." Someone stepped in front of Jackson. "My first reaction was, 'This guy's getting in my way.'"
Nightclub owner Jack Ruby took two steps and fired. "I guess I fired about the same time."
NEWSP_080415_136.JPG: 1961: Assassination of Asanuma:
Election time in Japan meant debate. On Oct. 12, 1960, 3,000 people crammed Tokyo's Hibiya Hall to hear Socialist Party Chairman Ineijiro Asanuma battle it out with Liberal-Democratic Prime Minister Hayato Ikeda. Journalists crowded the stage. Among them: Yasushi Nagao, Mainchi Shimbun photographer.
The socialist ripped the government for its defense treaty with the United States. Right-wing students heckled him. The police tried to quell the protest. The press flocked to the hecklers. Nagao had only one shot left in his camera. He stayed close to the stage.
Student Otoya Yamaguchi rushed out. "I thought Yamaguchi was carrying a brown stick to strike Asanuma," Nagao remembered. The photographer suddenly realized it was a samurai sword. The student stabbed the party chairman. He staggered. The student pulled out the blade. Nagao lifted his camera. His last frame captured Yamaguchi spearing Asanuma again -- this time through the heart.
NEWSP_080415_141.JPG: 1949: Babe Ruth Retires No. 3:
Yankee Stadium, June 13, 1948: The fans came out to honor one of the greats, baseball's beloved Babe Ruth. On the field, New York Herald Tribune photographer Nat Fein had a close-up view of the home run hero, slumped in the dugout, weakened by illness. "He looked tired, very tired. The power... was slowly ebbing away." Still, Ruth's slow walk onto the field drove the crowd wild. They gave "The Sultan of Swat" a thunderous standing ovation.
Fein took a few pictures but wasn't satisfied. He walked around to the other side. "I saw Ruth standing there with his uniform, No. 3, the number that would be retired, and knew that was the shot." The thick shock of hair, the number, the fans -- Fein's photograph tells the whole story of the Babe's bittersweet finale.
NEWSP_080415_146.JPG: 1945: Old Glory Goes Up on Mount Suribachi:
Feb. 23, 1945: It had been four days since the AP's Joe Rosenthal landed on the Pacific island of Iwo Jima. The hail of Japanese fire had not let up. During one of the bloodiest battles of World War II, U.S. Marines captured Mount Suribachi, a volcanic peak on the southern tip of the island. Jubilant, they raised a flag.
Rosenthal trudged up the mountain. He learned that the Marines planned to substitute a larger flag that could be seen all over the island. "I thought of trying to get a shot of the two flags... but I couldn't line it up. I decided to get just the one flag going up." Marines milled about. Suddenly, "out of the corner of my eye... [I saw] the men start the flag up." He swung his bulky Speed Graphic and captured the most enduring image of the war.
The battle for Iwo Jima raged 31 more days. The toll: 6,821 American troops killed, including three of the Marines in Rosenthal's photo.
NEWSP_080415_151.JPG: 1947: Atlanta Hotel Fire
It was Friday night. Arnold Hardy, college student, was out having a good time. He arrived home to hear firetrucks in the street. Hardy grabbed his camera and a taxi. "I came upon it all at once. Fire was raging [and] from almost every window, men, women and children screamed for help."
The Winecoff Hotel had no fire escapes, no fire doors, no fire stairs. Atlanta Fire Department ladders did not reach the top floors. Trapped guests descending ropes of blankets and bedsheets. The sheets tore. People plunged to the pavement.
Hardy heard a woman shriek. "I looked up, raising my camera," he said. "A woman was plummeting downward. As she passed the third floor, I fired, using my last flashbulb." The woman's fall was broken by a piece of pipe and a railing. She lived. In all, 119 people died in the Dec. 7, 1946, Winecoff fire -- including owner W.F. Winecoff, found dead with his wife in their 14th floor luxury suite.
NEWSP_080415_169.JPG: 2007 Breaking News: Defending the Barricade:
On Feb. 1, 2006, Associated Press photographer Oded Balilty was on the scene in the West bank settlement of Amona when a violent confrontation broke out between Jewish settlers and Israeli security forces. The troops were attempting to enforce a government order to tear down nine houses built on private Palestinian land after Israel's Supreme Court rejected a final appeal by the settlers. The demolition was part of acting Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert's efforts to clear out illegal settlements in the West Bank.
Balilty, camera ready, stood about 3 meters from the end of the barricade. Crowds lined up on a wall overlooking the holed-up settlers, while Israeli troops in riot gear advanced. Balilty said, "Nili, a young settler... was standing 15 meters away, biting her fingernails, when she saw them coming and ran toward the barricade." Nili said, "I felt a stranger pushing me to defend the barricade. It was God who gave me the courage." Moments after Balilty took the photograph that won him the Pulitzer Prize, Nili was beaten by club-wielding police.
NEWSP_080622_009.JPG: 1942: The Picket Line
It was April 3, 1941, day two of the first United Auto Workers' strike at the Ford Motor Co. factory in Detroit. The factory was closed; 120,000 workers were idle. Tensions ran high.
Milton Brooks of The Detroit News joined journalists outside the gates. Brooks was a frugal photographer. He rarely took more than one picture, preferring to stand patiently until the most newsworthy image presented itself. That day, as cameras snapped and rolled around him, Brooks waited.
He saw a man pick a fight with some of the pickets. "I could tell from what he said that there would be trouble soon." Fists were clenched. Clubs rose. Brooks snapped his photo: eight strikers, faces contorted; a lone dissenter, crouching low, coat over his head. The camera under his coat, Brooks ducked into the crowd. "A lot of people would have liked to wreck that picture."
NEWSP_080622_037.JPG: 1951: Korean War:
Max Desfor packed up his 4x5 Speed Graphic, strapped on a parachute and jumped out of an airplane for the first time. It was October 1950. He was covering the Korean War for the AP. "I was attached to a military unit," Desfor said. "Whichever one I chose." Desfor chose the 187th Regiment, which parachuted deep into North Korea, hoping to liberate prisoners.
The jump succeeded. The rescue didn't, but Desfor stayed with his unit. On Nov. 25, 200,000 Chinese troops swept in to help North Korea. Within weeks, the U.N. troops retreated, abandoning the North Korean capital of Pyongyang. "We could hear the explosions," Desfor said. "Correspondents... were retreating along with everybody else." At the Taedong River on Dec. 12, Desfor and his colleagues watched as hundreds of refugees crawled over the twisted metal of a turned bridge. "It was a fantastic sight. All these people clambering." Fingers numbed by cold, Desfor took only a few shots.
NEWSP_080622_041.JPG: 1955: Tragedy by the Sea:
April 2, 1954: Los Angeles Times photographer John Gaunt lounged in his front yard in Hermosa Beach, Calif., enjoying the sun. Then a neighbor called out. "There was sone excitement on the beach," Gaunt said. "I grabbed a Rolleiflex camera and ran."
Down by the water, Gaunt found a distraught young couple. Moments before, their 19-month-old son had been playing happily in their yard. Somehow, he wandered down to the beach and was swept away by the sea.
The little boy was gone. There was nothing anyone could do. Gaunt, who had a daughter about the same age, took four quick photographs of the grieving couple. "As I made the last exposure, they turned and walked away," he said. Later, the boys body was recovered from the surf.
NEWSP_080622_054.JPG: 1957: Sinking of the Andrea Doria:
The passengers were enjoying their last night at sea -- dining, dancing, playing cards -- as the luxury liner Andrea Doria sailed through fog-shrouded waters. It was 11pm, July 25, 1956. The ship, just off Nantucket, was scheduled to be in New York by morning.
Out of New York cruised the Stockholm, a Swedish-American liner. Radar said it would pass safely. Something went horribly wrong. With the screech of ripping metal, the Stockholm tore a 40-foot hole in the Andrea Doria's starboard side. Water gushed in. Passengers raced about. The crew lowered lifeboats. Some 650 passengers survived the wreck; 51 were lost.
The next morning, a chartered Beechcraft Bonanza circled low over the abandoned liner. Inside the plane, Boston Traveler photographer Harry Trask was violently airsick but continued shooting. "I could see the stack gradually sink below the surface. In nine minutes, it was all over."
NEWSP_080622_107.JPG: 1976 Spot News: Boston Fire:
July 22, 1975, was a brutally hot day. But quitting time had to wait for Boston Herald American photographer Stanley Forman, who heard a report of a fire and followed screaming firetrucks to a "roaring, roaring inferno" in Boston's Back Bay.
Forman spotted them in the back of the six-story apartment building: a young woman and a child on the fire escape, just feet from the firestorm, looking for help. A ladder rose toward the pair. "Everything was fine," Forman said, "I was just shooting a routine rescue. Switching lenses, switching cameras. All of the sudden, boom! It just crashes." The fire escape ripped away from the building. The woman was falling, the child was falling, metal was flying.
"I'm thinking, 'Just keep shooting.' And I'm looking and shooting." Then a bell went off in his head. "I didn't want to see them hit." Forman turned away. The 19-year-old woman died. Miraculously, her 3-year-old niece survived.
NEWSP_080622_136.JPG: 1985 Feature: Ethiopian Famine:
They snuck in with a food convoy, traveling at night, hiding all day from the Ethiopian MIGs that would have blown them up.
It was 1984 when Boston Globe photographer Stan Grossfeld and reporter Colin Nickerson discovered the politics of famine in Ethiopia. The country's drought was in its fourth year. Crops and livestock were dead. People searched everywhere for food. Some 30,000 tons of it, from the United States, had been held up by an Ethiopian government determined to starve the countryside into submission. And starve the people did -- half a million Ethiopians, many of them children so hungry their bodies actually consumed themselves.
"I'll never forget the sounds of kids dying of starvation," Grossfeld said. "They sound like cats wailing."
He tried to be a technician. But "sometimes the viewfinder fills up with tears." At Wad Sharsfin Camp, he photographed this starving mother and child waiting in line for food. Within hours, the child was dead.
NEWSP_080622_169.JPG: 2000 Feature: Fleeing Kosovo:
Kukes, Albania, 1999: The makeshift camp teemed with refugees. "Waves and waves coming over the border day after day," said The Washington Post's Carol Guzy, who, with colleagues Lucian Perkins and Michael Williamson, photographed the exodus of ethnic Albanians fleeing Serb fighters in Kosovo.
On May 3, barbed wire separated a refugee family from Prizren. The new arrivals had to wait outside until tents were set up. "They passed the baby back and forth," Guzy said, "just to kiss him and say hello." The touching scene with 2-year-old Akim Shala showed Guzy "the innocence and the horror" of Kosovo.
Williamson was in Velika Krusa, Kosovo. In a burned-out house, Qamil Duraku held pieces of his cousins, body parts the Serbs had torched. Perkins saw expectation and worry in the faces of refugees at the Cegrane camp, as more Korovar Albanians arrived from Blace.
NEWSP_080622_178.JPG: 1998 Spot News; Trek of Tears -- An African Journey:
The line of refugees reached to the horizon, a legacy of centuries of war between Africa's Hutu and Tutsi tribes.
"People would flee together as a village," said Martha Rial, yet "many children were separated from their families." In January, 1997, Rial followed the refugees in Tanzania for the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. The story had a personal angle for Rial. Her sister, Amy, was a nurse with the International Rescue Committee in Tanzania. Rial's pictures showed her sister caring for malnourished children; they showed a Hutu woman who had been raped by Tutsi soldiers and Tutsi woman who had adopted a Hutu child.
The stream of refugees had been walking for almost 24 hours. "They were trying to flee, to go deeper into the bush." But troops forced them back to Rwanda.
NEWSP_080625_03.JPG: 2008 Breaking News: Protests in Burma:
Thousands of Buddhist monks took to the streets of Rangoon, Burma (also known as Myanmar), in September 2007 to demonstrate for freedom and democracy. The military dictatorship retaliated with a violent crackdown, raiding monasteries and arresting monks. On Sept. 27, civilian protesters filled the streets. Reuters photographer Adrees Latif positioned himself on a bridge crosswalk. From his perch, he saw green Army trucks filled with military riot police approaching the scene. Protesters threw fruit and water bottles at the soldiers, who opened fire. "From the right corner of my eye, I saw a person falling backwards through the air, and I just pointed my camera and started shooting," Latif recalled. He snapped four frames and then, dodging gunfire and smoke grenades, escaped down a collapsing stairway.
Latif did not know for several hours that the man he photographed was Japanese photojournalist Kenji Negai, who was killed while covering the demonstrations. "We were both there to do the same thing," says Latif. "He shared the same passion I did about getting the story out."
NEWSP_080625_10.JPG: 2008 Feature: Record of a Life:
Carolynne St. Pierre was dying of cancer, and she wanted her children to remember her. During the final year of her life, she and her husband, Rich, allowed Concord Monitor photographer Preston Gannaway and reporter Chelsea Conaboy to create a documentary record of a family coping with everyday moments of illness, love and loss. "Photojournalism can be sort of a 'taking thing,' because you are asking someone to let you into their life," said Gannaway. "A story like this is so personal and intimate, it made me feel better that they were getting something in return. Every photo I took I gave to Rich to keep for the kids."
Throughout her illness, Carolynne wanted her children, Melissa, Brian and EJ, to live their lives as normally as possible. On the last day of her life, Carolynne was surrounded by her family in her bedroom. In that bathroom, 14-year-old Melissa got ready for her state championship gymnastics meet. Melissa later said she did not believe her mother would die that day. Her stepfather debated but let her attend the meet.
NEWSP_081109_07.JPG: 2003 Feature
Chiapas Racers
Photojournalist Don Bartletti documented the desperate migration of Central American children searching for parents who had immigrated to the United States. Traveling alone, the thousands of young immigrants faced danger not only from the treacherous journey but also from thugs, thieves, and rogue authorities.
To retrace the route of Enrique, an Honduran teenager who had reunited successfully with his mother in North Carolina, Bartletti rode atop freight trains through the Mexican jungle. While he was clinging to a gasoline tank one day, a local boy and girl on horseback suddenly broke through the foliage and raced alongside the tracks. Within seconds the riders were gone, but Bartletti had captured their reactions to the stowaways aboard the train.
"It was one of those moments on this trip, one of the few moments of joy, because everybody was yelling and clapping and "Yeah!," Bartletti recalled. "I've gotten reactions and letters from around the world [about the photograph]. I think what it gives people is a sense of joy and hope among such poverty."
NEWSP_081109_24.JPG: Looking at the Pulitzer Prize photo section
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2019_DC_Newseum_Pulitzer: DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (1) Pulitzer Prize Photographs (4 photos from 2019)
2018_DC_Newseum_Pulitzer: DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (1) Pulitzer Prize Photographs (6 photos from 2018)
2017_DC_Newseum_Pulitzer: DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (1) Pulitzer Prize Photographs (3 photos from 2017)
2016_DC_Newseum_Pulitzer: DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (1) Pulitzer Prize Photographs (29 photos from 2016)
2015_DC_Newseum_Pulitzer: DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (1) Pulitzer Prize Photographs (2 photos from 2015)
2014_DC_Newseum_Pulitzer: DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (1) Pulitzer Prize Photographs (2 photos from 2014)
2013_DC_Newseum_Pulitzer: DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (1) Pulitzer Prize Photographs (3 photos from 2013)
2012_DC_Newseum_Pulitzer: DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (1) Pulitzer Prize Photographs (29 photos from 2012)
2011_DC_Newseum_Pulitzer: DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (1) Pulitzer Prize Photographs (4 photos from 2011)
2010_DC_Newseum_Pulitzer: DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (1) Pulitzer Prize Photographs (3 photos from 2010)
2009_DC_Newseum_Pulitzer: DC -- Newseum -- Exhibits -- (1) Pulitzer Prize Photographs (3 photos from 2009)
2008 photos: Equipment this year: I was using three cameras -- the Fuji S9000 and the Canon Rebel Xti from last year, and a new camera, the Fuji S100fs. The first two cameras had their pluses and minuses and I really didn't have a single camera that I thought I could use for just about everything. But I loved the S100fs and used it almost exclusively this year.
Trips this year: (1) Civil War Preservation Trust annual conference in Springfield, Missouri , (2) a week in New York, (3) a week in San Diego for the Comic-Con, (4) a driving trip to St. Louis, and (5) a visit to dad and Dixie's in Asheville, North Carolina.
Ego strokes: A picture I'd taken last year during a Friends of the Homeless event was published in USA Today with a photo credit and everything! I became a volunteer photographer with the AFI/Silver theater.
Number of photos taken this year: 330,000.
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