BGuthrie Photos: VA -- Arlington Natl Cemetery -- Not Covered Elsewhere

VA -- Arlington Natl Cemetery -- Not Covered Elsewhere:

Bruce Guthrie Photos Home Page: [Click here] to go to Bruce Guthrie Photos home page.

Description of Pictures: Pictures start with the gravestone of 2Lt Harold Hoskin, whose funeral I had covered back in September. I thought the family would appreciate some first sitings of the finished marker.

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Copyrights: All pictures were taken by amateur photographer Bruce Guthrie (me!) who retains copyright on them. Free for non-commercial use with attribution. See the [Creative Commons] definition of what this means. "Photos (c) Bruce Guthrie" is fine for attribution. (Commercial use folks including AI scrapers can of course contact me.) Feel free to use in publications and pages with attribution but you don't have permission to sell the photos themselves. A free copy of any printed publication using any photographs is requested. Descriptive text, if any, is from a mixture of sources, quite frequently from signs at the location or from official web sites; copyrights, if any, are retained by their original owners.

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. ARL_070319_001.JPG: Pierre Charles L'Enfant From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Pierre Charles L'Enfant (August 2, 1754 – June 14, 1825), self-identified as Peter Charles L'Enfant while living in the United States, was a French-American military engineer who designed the basic plan for Washington, D.C. (capital city of the U.S.) known today as the L'Enfant Plan (1791).
2. ARL_070319_014.JPG: Mass grave for the Manassas dead
3. ARL_070319_035.JPG: Philip Kearny From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Philip Kearny, Jr. (June 1, 1815 – September 1, 1862) was a United States Army officer, notable for his leadership in the Mexican–American War and American Civil War. He was killed in action in the 1862 Battle of Chantilly.
4. ARL_070319_063.JPG: John Rodgers, Commander United States Navy Born at Washington January 15, 1881 Pioneer in naval aeronautics, 1911 Awarded Distinguished Service Medal for Exceptionally Meritorious Service in the difficult and hazardous duty of removing the mines of the North Sea barrage 1919. Flight by man-carrying kites, 1911. Submarine duty 1915-1919. Commanded record Trans-Pacific Flight 1925 flying 1841 miles and sailing the seaplane PN9-1. The remaining 400 miles on the open sea to Kauai Hawaii. Killed in fall of aeroplane at League Island August 27, 1926. John Rodgers was the grandson of Commodore John Rodgers, a hero of the War of 1812. His father, also John Rodgers, served in the Civil War . Commodore John Rodgers had a daughter, Louisa, who married Montgomery Meigs.
5. ARL_070319_077.JPG: Thaddeus H. Stanton Paymaster General, U.S. Army ... Served in the defences of Washington from April to July 1861 and with the 19th Iowa and on the staff of General S.R. Curtis in 1862. 1st Auditor of Virginia 1869-1870. Chief of Scouts under General Crook. In the Big Horn Expedition in Wyoming, 1876; in command of the irregular forces of the Sioux Expedition in 1876.
6. ARL_070319_094.JPG: Montgomery Cunningham Meigs, Brigadier General Brevet Major General U.S. Army Quartermaster General 1861-1882. Soldier, engineer, architect, scientist, patriot. Born 1816 - Died 1892. Montgomery C. Meigs From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Montgomery Cunningham Meigs (May 3, 1816 – January 2, 1892) was a career U.S. Army officer, civil engineer, construction engineer for a number of facilities in Washington, D.C., and Quartermaster General of the U.S. Army during and after the American Civil War. His management of the immense logistical requirements of the war was a significant contribution to the Union victory. Early life and engineering projects: Meigs was born in Augusta, Georgia. He was a great-grandson of Continental Army Colonel Return J. Meigs, Sr. While a boy, he moved with his family to Pennsylvania, and he initially attended the University of Pennsylvania, but was appointed to the U.S. Military Academy and graduated in 1836. He received a commission as a second lieutenant in the 1st U.S. Artillery, but most of his army service was with the Corps of Engineers, in which he worked on important engineering projects. In some of his early assignments, Meigs assisted in the construction of Fort Mifflin on the Delaware River and Fort Wayne on the Detroit River. He also worked with then Lt. Robert E. Lee to make navigational improvements on the Mississippi River. His favorite engineering project before the war was the Washington Aqueduct, which he supervised from 1852 to 1860. It involved the design of the monumental bridge across Cabin John Branch, which for fifty years remained unsurpassed as the longest masonry arch in the world. From 1853 to 1859, he also supervised the building of the wings and dome of the United States Capitol and, from 1855 to 1859, the extension of the General Post Office Building. In the fall of 1860, as a result of a disagreement over procurement contracts, Meigs "incurred the ill will" of the Secretary of War, John B. Floyd, and was "banished to Tortugas in the Gulf of Mexico to construct fortifications at that place and at Key West." Upon the resignation of Floyd a few months later, Meigs was recalled to his work on the aqueduct at Washington. Civil War: Just before the outbreak of the Civil War, Meigs and Lieutenant Colonel Erasmus D. Keyes were quietly charged by President Abraham Lincoln and Secretary of State William H. Seward with drawing up a plan for the relief of Fort Pickens, Florida, by means of a secret expedition. In April 1861, together with Lieutenant David D. Porter of the Navy, they carried out the expedition, embarking under orders from the President without the knowledge of either the Secretary of the Navy or the Secretary of War. On May 14, 1861, Meigs was appointed colonel, 11th U.S. Infantry, and on the following day, promoted to brigadier general and Quartermaster General of the Army. He established a reputation for being efficient, hard-driving, and scrupulously honest. He molded a large and somewhat diffuse department into a great tool of war. He was one of the first to fully appreciate the importance of logistical preparations in modern military planning, and under his leadership, supplies moved forward and troops were transported over long distances with ever greater efficiency. Of his work in the quartermaster's office, James G. Blaine remarked, "Montgomery C. Meigs, one of the ablest graduates of the Military Academy, was kept from the command of troops by the inestimably important services he performed as Quartermaster General. Perhaps in the military history of the world there never was so large an amount of money disbursed upon the order of a single man ... The aggregate sum could not have been less during the war than fifteen hundred million dollars, accurately vouched and accounted for to the last cent." Secretary of State William H. Seward's estimate was "that without the services of this eminent soldier the national cause must have been lost or deeply imperiled." Meigs's services during the Civil War included command of Ulysses S. Grant's base of supplies at Fredericksburg and Belle Plain, Virginia (1864), command of a division of War Department employees in the defenses of Washington at the time of Jubal A. Early's raid (July 11 to July 14, 1864), personally supervising the refitting and supplying of William T. Sherman's army at Savannah (January 5 to January 29, 1865), and at Goldsboro and Raleigh, North Carolina, reopening Sherman's lines of supply (March – April 1865). He was brevetted to major general on July 5, 1864. A staunch Unionist despite his southern roots, Meigs detested the Confederacy. He recommended that the historic Custis Mansion in Arlington, Virginia, owned by Mary Anna Custis Lee, the wife of Robert E. Lee, be used as a military burial ground. Based on this recommendation, Arlington National Cemetery was created in 1864. In October of that same year, his son, First Lieutenant John Rodgers Meigs, was killed at Swift Run Gap in Virginia and is buried at Arlington Cemetery. Some saw his recommendation to use the Mansion as a burial ground for Union troops as an act of revenge on old colleague Lee, who he regarded as a traitor. Postbellum career: In 1865, Meigs was in the honor guard at Abraham Lincoln's funeral. As Quartermaster General after the Civil War, Meigs supervised plans for the new War Department building (1866–67), the National Museum (1876), the extension of the Washington Aqueduct (1876), and for a hall of records (1878). In 1866–68, to recuperate from the strain of his war service, he visited Europe, and from 1875 to 1876 made another visit to study the organization of European armies. After his retirement on February 6, 1882, he became architect of the Pension Office Building, now home to the National Building Museum. He was a regent of the Smithsonian Institution, a member of the American Philosophical Society, and one of the earliest members of the National Academy of Sciences. Meigs died in Washington after a short illness and his body was interred with high military honors in Arlington National Cemetery. The General Orders (January 4, 1892) issued at the time of his death declared that "the Army has rarely possessed an officer ... who was entrusted by the government with a great variety of weighty responsibilities, or who proved himself more worthy of confidence." Pension Building (1882–87): Following the end of the Civil War, the United States Congress passed legislation that greatly extended the scope of pension coverage for both veterans and for their survivors and dependents, notably their widows and orphans. This ballooned the number of staff that was needed to implement and administer the new benefits system to over 1,500 and quickly required a new building to house them all. Meigs was chosen to design and construct the new building, now the National Building Museum. He broke away from the established Greco-Roman models that had been the basis of government buildings in Washington, D.C., up until then, and was to continue following the completion of the Pension Building. Meigs based his design on Italian Renaissance precedents, notably Rome's Palazzo Farnese and Plazzo della Cancelleria. Included in his design was a 1,200-foot long sculptured frieze executed by Caspar Buberl. Since creating a work of sculpture of that size was well out of Meigs's budget, he had Buberl create 28 different scenes (totaling 69 feet in length), which were then mixed and slightly modified to create the continuous 1,200-foot long parade that includes over 1,300 figures. Because of the way that the 28 sections are modified and mixed up, it is only by somewhat careful examination that the frieze reveals its self to be the same figures repeated over and over. The sculpture includes infantry, navy, artillery, cavalry, and medical components as well as a good deal of the supply and quartermaster functions, since that was where Meigs served during the Civil War. Meigs's correspondence with Buberl reveals that Meigs insisted that one teamster, "must be a negro, a plantation slave, freed by war," be included in the Quartermaster panel. This figure was ultimately to assume a position in the center, over the west entrance to the building. When Philip Sheridan was asked to comment on the building, his reply echoed the sentiment of much of the Washington establishment of the day, that the only thing that he could find wrong with the building was that it was fireproof. (A similar quote is also attributed to William T. Sherman, so the story might well be apocryphal.) The completed building, sometimes referred to as "Meigs's Old Red Barn", was created by using more than 1,500,000 bricks, which, according to the wits of the day, were all counted by the parsimonious Meigs.
7. ARL_070319_104.JPG: John Rodgers Meigs From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia John Rodgers Meigs (February 9, 1841 – October 3, 1864) was an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He is most notable for controversy surrounding the circumstances of his death, which led to the burning of a large part of a Virginia town in retaliation. Meigs was born in Washington, D.C., into a family with an impressive military pedigree. He was the oldest son of Maj. Gen. Montgomery C. Meigs and Louisa Rodgers Meigs and the grandson of United States Navy hero Commodore John Rodgers (naval officer, War of 1812). He was the great-great grandson of Return J. Meigs, Sr. In 1859, he received an appointment to West Point, where he excelled in science and mathematics. He took a leave of absence to serve as an aide-de-camp to Philip H. Sheridan during the First Battle of Bull Run. After returning to West Point, he graduated first in his class in 1863, becoming a Second Lieutenant of Engineers. After participating in the pursuit of the Confederate Army following the Battle of Gettysburg, he served on the staff of Brig. Gen. Benjamin Franklin Kelley in West Virginia, and he fought at the Battle of New Market and campaigned in Major Generals David Hunter's and Sheridan's operations in the Shenandoah Valley. Sheridan appointed him his Chief Engineer in August 1864 and had him brevetted captain and major for gallantry at the battles of Opequon and Fisher's Hill. On October 3, 1864, a rainy night, Meigs and two Union soldiers were traveling on the Swift Run Gap Road to headquarters in Harrisonburg, Virginia, when they overtook three Confederate cavalrymen. Meigs called them to a halt, and one of the Confederates demanded that Meigs and his men surrender. The men briefly exchanged gunfire, during which Meigs was shot and killed. One enlisted man was taken prisoner and the other escaped and told Sheridan that Meigs, without an opportunity to defend himself, had been killed in cold blood. Furious in his belief that Meigs had been murdered, Sheridan ordered the town of Dayton, Virginia, burned to the ground. However, Sheridan later rescinded the order upon receiving news that it had been a fair fight, but not after having burned nearly thirty houses and barns. Mainly due to the fact that he was from a prominent military family, Meigs' death became a source of news and controversy. Believing his son had been murdered, Montogomery Meigs placed a reward of $1,000 on the killer's head. He hired a private detective to investigate, which investigation continued after the conclusion of the war. Montgomery Meigs initially had his son buried in Oak Hill Cemetery in Washington, D.C., but then had his body removed to Arlington National Cemetery, which he had helped institute.
8. ARL_070319_132.JPG: James B. Ricketts from Answer.Com James Brewerton Ricketts (June 21, 1817 – September 22, 1887) was a career officer in the United States Army, serving as a general in the Eastern Theater during the American Civil War. Early life and career: Ricketts was born in New York City. He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1839 and was assigned to the 1st U.S. Artillery. He served during the Canada border disturbances on garrison duty and then was promoted to first lieutenant in April 1846. Ricketts saw considerable action during the Mexican-American War, participating in the Battle of Monterrey, and holding the Rinconada Pass during the Battle of Buena Vista. Despite his active service, he received no brevet promotions during the Mexican War, unlike many of his fellow officers. Following his return from Mexico, Ricketts served in various army posts. He was promoted to captain in August 1853 and served in Florida against the Seminole Indians, and subsequently on frontier duty in Texas. Civil War: James and Fannie RickettsAt the beginning of the Civil War, Ricketts served in the defenses of Washington, D.C., and commanded an artillery battery in the capture of Confederate-held Alexandria, Virginia, in early 1861. His battery was then attached to William B. Franklin's Brigade of Samuel Heintzelman's Division. He was shot four times and captured at the First Battle of Bull Run on 21 July, when his battery was overrun by Confederate infantry. For his personal bravery in the face of overwhelming odds, on that same day Ricketts was brevetted as a lieutenant colonel in the Regular Army, and made a brigadier general of U.S. volunteers. He was confined as a prisoner of war in Richmond, although his wife Fannie was allowed to travel to Richmond and stay with him as his nurse. Ricketts was not paroled until January 1862, when he was placed on medical leave to recuperate. He was assigned to command of a division in Irvin McDowell's corps, which he commanded at the Battle of Cedar Mountain, where he covered Nathaniel P. Banks' withdrawal. At Second Bull Run, his division was thrown forward by McDowell into Thoroughfare Gap to bar the advance of James Longstreet, who was seeking to unite his wing with that of Stonewall Jackson. Ricketts, who was being flanked and in danger of being cut off, withdrew. At the subsequent Battle of Antietam, he had two horses killed under him and he was badly injured when the second one fell on him. When he recovered sufficiently for duty, he was appointed to the Fitz John Porter court-martial. The trial was created to convict, with every judge beholden Edwin M. Stanton for tenure or impending promotion except for Benjamin M. Prentiss. Ricketts probably voted for acquittal and was not promoted. He did not return to the field until March 1864, when he was assigned to a division of John Sedgwick's VI Corps, which he led through Ulysses S. Grant's Overland Campaign. His men were considered as low quality, many of them being former members of Robert H. Milroy's maligned Winchester command. The division performed poorly at the Battle of the Wilderness and without note at Spotsylvania Court House. However, Ricketts received the brevet of colonel, Regular Army, for gallant and meritorious services at Cold Harbor, Virginia, 3 June, 1864, where he and his men performed well. In July 1864, his command, numbering only 3,350 men, was hurried north to oppose Jubal Early's attack on Washington, D.C. He fought at battle of Monocacy under Lew Wallace, suffering the heaviest losses. For his service there, he was brevetted Major General of Volunteers, August 1, 1864. He was engaged in Philip Sheridan's Shenandoah Valley Campaign. At the Battle of Cedar Creek, he commanded the VI Corps in the initial hours of the fighting but was wounded by a Mini� ball through his chest that disabled him for life. On 13 March, 1865, Ricketts was brevetted brigadier general, United States Army, for gallant services at Cedar Creek, and major general, United States Army, for "gallant and meritorious service in the field." Despite his poor health, he returned to command of his division two days before Robert E. Lee's surrender at Appomattox Court House. Postbellum career: In late July 1865, Ricketts was assigned to the command of a district in the Department of Virginia, a post he held until April 1866, when he was mustered out of the volunteer service. He was appointed lieutenant colonel, 21st U.S. Infantry in July 1866, but he declined the post. He retired from active service on 3 January, 1867, due to disability from wounds received in battle, and served on various courts-martial until January 1869. Never in good health due to his chest wound suffered while serving in the Shenandoah Valley, Ricketts retired from the army and lived in Washington, D.C., the rest of his life. He died there in his home and was buried in Arlington National Cemetery, along with his wife when she died in 1900. One of their sons, Basil Norris Ricketts, served in the Rough Riders under Theodore Roosevelt during the Spanish-American War and is buried near them. Ricketts' grave marker reads: Assigned to artillery on the Canadian frontier. Served through the War with Mexico. Frontier duty in Texas. Engaged in twenty seven battles of the rebellion. Was wounded five times. Prisoner of war in Richmond. Died September 27, 1887 from wounds received while commanding the Sixth Army Corps in the Shenandoah Valley. He gave his honors to the world again. His blessings part to heaven, and sleeps in peace. The side for his wife says: Fanny Lawrence wife of Major Gen. James B. Ricketts The voluntary sharer of her wounded husband's six months imprisonment in Richmond, VA Died December 13, 1900 "Where by their fruits ye shall know them."
9. ARL_070319_229.JPG: Warren Bryan Stevens. I had been to his funeral here on July 11, 2006. Note the funeral was over two months after he died.
10. ARL_071225_034.JPG: I attended the funeral of 2nd Lt. Hoskin on September 7 of this year. (See the pictures on this site at http://www.digitalphalanx.com/graphlib.nsf/keys/2007_VA_Hoskin_070907 . ) This was the first time I'd seen his marker.
11. ARL_071225_039.JPG: The Hoskin marker is in the lower right hand corner of several of the next three pictures.
12. ARL_071225_057.JPG: Memorial for the space shuttle Challenger
13. ARL_071225_059.JPG: Memorial for the space shuttle Columbia
14. ARL_071225_061.JPG: Memorial for the troops who died during the attempt to rescue American hostages held in Iran in 1980.
15. ARL_071225_069.JPG: USCT (United States Colored Troops) section of the cemetery. It's right next to the Confederate section.
16. ARL_071225_076.JPG: Wilson Morton USCT
17. ARL_071225_090.JPG: Rough Riders memorial
18. ARL_071225_104.JPG: Memorial for the Spanish-American War. Text: To the soldiers and sailors of the United States who gave their lives for their country in the war of 1898-99 with Spain. This monument is dedicated in sorrow gratitude and pride by The National Society of the Colonial Dames of America in the name of all the women of the nation. 1902.
19. ARL_071225_115.JPG: John Foster Dulles
20. ARL_071225_121.JPG: Arthur Goldberg From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Arthur Joseph Goldberg (August 8, 1908 – January 19, 1990) was an American statesman and jurist who served as the 9th U.S. Secretary of Labor, an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, and the 6th United States Ambassador to the United Nations. Born in Chicago, Illinois, Goldberg graduated from the Northwestern University School of Law in 1930. He became a prominent labor attorney and helped arrange the merger of the American Federation of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations. During World War II, he served in the Office of Strategic Services, organizing European resistance to Nazi Germany. In 1961, President John F. Kennedy appointed Goldberg as the Secretary of Labor. In 1962, Kennedy successfully nominated Goldberg to the Supreme Court to fill a vacancy caused by the retirement of Felix Frankfurter. Goldberg aligned with the liberal bloc of justices and wrote the majority opinion in Escobedo v. Illinois. In 1965, Goldberg resigned from the bench to accept appointment by President Lyndon B. Johnson as the Ambassador to the United Nations. In that role, he helped draft UN Resolution 242 in the aftermath of the Six-Day War. He ran for the position of Governor of New York in 1970 but was defeated by Nelson Rockefeller. After his defeat, he served as president of the American Jewish Committee and continued to practice law.
21. ARL_071225_123.JPG: Earl Warren From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Earl Warren (March 19, 1891 – July 9, 1974) was an American jurist and politician who served as the 14th Chief Justice of the United States (1953–1969) and earlier as the 30th Governor of California (1943–1953). The Warren Court presided over a major shift in constitutional jurisprudence, with Warren writing the majority opinions in landmark cases such as Brown v. Board of Education, Reynolds v. Sims, and Miranda v. Arizona. Warren also led the Warren Commission, a presidential commission that investigated the 1963 assassination of President John F. Kennedy. He is as of 2019 the last Chief Justice to have served in an elected office. Warren was born in 1891 in Los Angeles and was raised in Bakersfield, California. After graduating from the law program at the University of California, Berkeley, he began a legal career in Oakland. He was hired as a deputy district attorney for Alameda County in 1920 and was appointed district attorney in 1925. He emerged as a leader of the state Republican Party and won election as the Attorney General of California in 1938. In that position, he played a role in the forced removal and internment of over 100,000 Japanese Americans during World War II. In the 1942 California gubernatorial election, Warren defeated incumbent Democratic governor Culbert Olson. He would serve as Governor of California until 1953, presiding over a period of major growth for the state. Warren served as Thomas E. Dewey's running mate in the 1948 presidential election, but Dewey lost the election to incumbent President Harry S. Truman. Warren sought the Republican nomination in the 1952 presidential election, but the party nominated General Dwight D. Eisenhower. After Eisenhower won election as president, he appointed Warren as Chief Justice. Warren helped arrange a unanimous decision in Brown v. Board of Education, which ruled that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional. After Brown, the Warren Court would continue to issue rulings that helped bring an end to the segregationist Jim Crow laws that were prevalent throughout the South. In Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States, the Court upheld the Civil Rights Act of 1964, a federal law that prohibits racial segregation in public institutions and public accommodations. In the 1960s, the Warren Court handed down several landmark rulings that transformed criminal procedure, redistricting, and other areas of the law. Many of the Court's decisions incorporated the Bill of Rights, making the protections of the Bill of Rights apply to state and local governments. Gideon v. Wainwright established a criminal defendant's right to an attorney in felony cases, while Miranda v. Arizona required police officers to give a warning to criminal suspects in police custody. Reynolds v. Sims established that all state legislative districts must be of roughly equal population, while the Court's holding in Wesberry v. Sanders required equal populations for congressional districts. Griswold v. Connecticut struck down a state law that restricted access to contraceptives and established a constitutional right to privacy. Warren announced his retirement in 1968, and was succeeded by conservative appellate judge Warren Burger. Though the Warren Court's rulings have received criticism from many conservatives, as well as from some other quarters, few of the Court's decisions have been overturned.
22. ARL_071225_134.JPG: Leonard Wood From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Leonard Wood (October 9, 1860 – August 7, 1927) was a physician who served as the Chief of Staff of the United States Army, Military Governor of Cuba and Governor General of the Philippines. Early in his military career, he was awarded the Medal of Honor. Biography: Early life and career: Born in Winchester, New Hampshire, he attended Pierce Academy in Middleborough, Massachusetts, and Harvard Medical School, earning an M.D. degree in 1884 as an intern at Boston City Hospital. He took a position as an Army contract physician in 1885, and was stationed at Fort Huachuca, Arizona. Wood participated in the last campaign against Geronimo in 1886, and was awarded the Medal of Honor, in 1898, for carrying dispatches 100 miles through hostile territory and for commanding an infantry detachment whose officers had been lost. While stationed at Fort McPherson in Atlanta, Georgia in 1893, Wood enrolled in school at Georgia Tech, then known as the Georgia School of Technology, and became the school's first football coach and, as a player, its team captain. Wood lead the team to its first ever football victory, 28 to 6, over the University of Georgia. Wood was personal physician to Presidents Grover Cleveland and William McKinley through 1898. It was during this period he developed a friendship with Theodore Roosevelt, then assistant secretary of the Navy. At the outbreak of the Spanish-American War, Wood, with Roosevelt, organized the 1st Volunteer Cavalry regiment, popularly known as the Rough Riders. Wood commanded the regiment in a successful engagement known as the Battle of Las Guasimas. When brigade commander, Samuel B. M. Young became ill, Wood received a field promotion to brigadier general of volunteers and assumed command of the 2nd Brigade, Cavalry Division, V Corps (which included the Rough Riders) and led the brigade to a famous victory at Kettle Hill and San Juan Heights. After San Juan, Wood led the 2nd Cavalry Brigade for the rest of the war; he stayed in Cuba after the war and was appointed the Military Governor of Santiago in 1898, and of Cuba from 1899–1902. In that capacity, he relied on his medical experience to institute improvements to the medical and sanitary conditions in Cuba. He was promoted to brigadier general of regulars shortly before moving to his next assignment. In 1902, he proceeded to the Philippines, where he served in the capacity of commander of the Philippines Division and later as commander of the Department of the East. He was promoted to major general in 1903, and served as governor of Moro province from 1903–1906. During this period, he was in charge of several bloody campaigns against Moslem rebels, including the Moro Crater massacre. Army Chief of Staff: Wood had known Theodore Roosevelt well before the Spanish-American War. Wood was named Army Chief of Staff in 1910 by President Taft, whom he had met while both were in the Philippines; he remains the only medical officer to have ever held that position. As Chief of Staff, Wood implemented several programs, among which were the forerunner of the Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) program, and the Preparedness Movement, a campaign for universal military training and wartime conscription. The Preparedness Movement plan was scrapped in favor of the Selective Service System, shortly before World War I. He developed the Mobile Army, thus laying the groundwork for American success in World War I. He created the General Staff Corps. In 1914, Wood was replaced as Chief of Staff by William Wotherspoon. Wood was a strong advocate of preparedness, which alienated him from President Wilson. With the US entry into World War I, Wood was recommended by Republicans, in particular Henry Cabot Lodge, to be the U.S. field commander; however, War Secretary Newton Baker instead appointed John J. Pershing, amid much controversy. During the war, Wood was, instead, put in charge of the training of the 10th and 89th Infantry Divisions, both at Camp Funston. In 1915, he published The Military Obligation of Citizenship, and in 1916 Our Military History. Wood was an unsuccessful candidate for the Republican presidential nomination in the election of 1920. He won the New Hampshire primary that year, but lost at the convention. Among the reasons why he did not become the candidate were rivals for the nomination, his obvious political inexperience, and the strong support he gave for the anti-Communist tactics of Democratic Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer. After the major candidates deadlocked, the nomination went to Warren G. Harding. He retired from the Army in 1921, and was made Governor General of the Philippines, in which capacity he served from 1921 to 1927. He was noted for his harsh, unpopular policies. Wood died in Boston, Massachusetts after undergoing surgery for a brain tumor. He had initially been diagnosed with a benign meningioma in 1910. This was successfully resected by Harvey Cushing at that time. The successful removal of Wood's brain tumor represented an important milestone, indicating to the public the advances that had been made in the nascent field of neurosurgery, and extending Wood's life by almost two decades. He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery. Legacy: Camp Leonard Wood in Missouri, now Fort Leonard Wood, home of the U.S. Army Combat Engineer School, Chemical School, Military Police School, and USAF 366 TRS Det 7 was named in his honor, as was the USS Leonard Wood (AP-25/APA-12). Ft. Leonard Wood is also a major TRADOC post for Basic Combat Training (BCT), home of the 10th Infantry Regiment. He is portrayed favorably in the 1997 miniseries Rough Riders by actor and former United States Marine Dale Dye. Leonard Wood was portrayed in a less favorable light by Mark Twain and others for his part in leading the Moro Crater massacre in 1906. A plaque in Wood's memory is found in Harvard University's Memorial Church. Medal of Honor citation: Voluntarily carried dispatches through a region infested with hostile Indians, making a journey of 70 miles in one night and walking 30 miles the next day. Also for several weeks, while in close pursuit of Geronimo's band and constantly expecting an encounter, commanded a detachment of Infantry, which was then without an officer, and to the command of which he was assigned upon his own request.
23. ARL_071225_135.JPG: Creighton Abrams From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Creighton Williams Abrams Jr. (September 15, 1914 – September 4, 1974) was a United States Army general who commanded military operations in the Vietnam War from 1968 to 1972, which saw United States troop strength in South Vietnam reduced from a peak of 543,000 to 49,000. He was then Chief of Staff of the United States Army from 1972 until his death. In 1980, the United States Army named its then new main battle tank, the M1 Abrams, after him. The IG Farben building in Germany was also named after Abrams from 1975 to 1995.
24. ARL_071225_167.JPG: Maxwell D. Taylor From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia General Maxwell Davenport "Max" Taylor (August 26, 1901 – April 19, 1987) was an United States Army four star general and diplomat of the mid-20th century, who served as the fifth Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff after having been appointed by the President of the United States John F. Kennedy.
25. ARL_071225_172.JPG: Stuart Roosa From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Stuart Allen "Stu" Roosa (August 16, 1933 – December 12, 1994), Col., USAF, was an American aeronautical engineer, United States Air Force pilot, test pilot, and NASA astronaut, who was the Command Module Pilot for the Apollo 14 mission. The mission lasted from January 31 to February 9, 1971 and was the third mission to land astronauts (Alan Shepard and Edgar Mitchell) on the Moon. While Shepard and Mitchell spent two days on the lunar surface, Roosa conducted experiments from orbit in the Command Module Kitty Hawk. He was one of 24 men to travel to the Moon.
26. ARL_071225_178.JPG: Frank Reynolds From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Frank James Reynolds (November 29, 1923 – July 20, 1983) was an American television journalist for ABC and CBS News. He was a New York-based anchor of the ABC Evening News from 1968 to 1970 and later as the Washington D.C.-based co-anchor of World News Tonight from 1978 until his death in 1983. During the Iran hostage crisis, he began the 30-minute late-night program America Held Hostage, which later was renamed Nightline.
27. ARL_071225_181.JPG: John Mitchell
28. ARL_071225_187.JPG: Gregory Pappy Boyington
29. ARL_071225_194.JPG: Lee Marvin From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Lee Marvin (February 19, 1924 – August 29, 1987) was an American film and television actor. Known for his distinctive voice and premature white hair, Marvin initially appeared in supporting roles, mostly villains, soldiers, and other hardboiled characters. A prominent television role was that of Detective Lieutenant Frank Ballinger in the crime series M Squad (1957–1960). Marvin is best remembered for his lead roles as "tough guy" characters such as Charlie Strom in The Killers (1964), Rico Fardan in The Professionals (1966), Major John Reisman in The Dirty Dozen, Walker in Point Blank (both 1967), and the Sergeant in The Big Red One (1980). One of Marvin's more notable movie projects was Cat Ballou (1965), a comedy Western in which he played dual roles. For portraying both gunfighter Kid Shelleen and criminal Tim Strawn, he won the Academy Award for Best Actor, along with a BAFTA Award, a Golden Globe Award, an NBR Award, and the Silver Bear for Best Actor.
30. ARL_071225_195.JPG: Joe Louis From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Joseph Louis Barrow (May 13, 1914 – April 12, 1981) was an American professional boxer who competed from 1934 to 1951. Nicknamed the Brown Bomber, Louis is widely regarded as one of the greatest and most influential boxers of all time. He reigned as the world heavyweight champion from 1937 until his temporary retirement in 1949. He was victorious in 25 consecutive title defenses, a record for all weight classes.[nb 1] Louis had the longest single reign as champion of any boxer in history. Louis's cultural impact was felt well outside the ring. He is widely regarded as the first person of African-American descent to achieve the status of a nationwide hero within the United States, and was also a focal point of anti-Nazi sentiment leading up to and during World War II because of his historic rematch with German boxer Max Schmeling in 1938. He was instrumental in integrating the game of golf, breaking the sport's color barrier in America by appearing under a sponsor's exemption in a PGA event in 1952.
31. ARL_071225_200.JPG: Lee Marvin From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Lee Marvin (February 19, 1924 – August 29, 1987) was an American film and television actor. Known for his distinctive voice and premature white hair, Marvin initially appeared in supporting roles, mostly villains, soldiers, and other hardboiled characters. A prominent television role was that of Detective Lieutenant Frank Ballinger in the crime series M Squad (1957–1960). Marvin is best remembered for his lead roles as "tough guy" characters such as Charlie Strom in The Killers (1964), Rico Fardan in The Professionals (1966), Major John Reisman in The Dirty Dozen, Walker in Point Blank (both 1967), and the Sergeant in The Big Red One (1980). One of Marvin's more notable movie projects was Cat Ballou (1965), a comedy Western in which he played dual roles. For portraying both gunfighter Kid Shelleen and criminal Tim Strawn, he won the Academy Award for Best Actor, along with a BAFTA Award, a Golden Globe Award, an NBR Award, and the Silver Bear for Best Actor.
32. ARL_071225_228.JPG: In remembrance of the two hundred seventy people killed in the terrorist bombing of Pan American Airways flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland 21 December 1988.
33. ARL_071225_278.JPG: Civil War dead memorial
34. ARL_071225_310.JPG: General Crook. The sculpture is marked: Surrender of Apaches under Geronimo to General Crook in the Sierra Madre Mountains, Mexico, 1883.
35. ARL_071225_342.JPG: David Porter. No idea why the marker is marked "Temporarily Erected."
AAA "Gem": AAA considers this location to be a "must see" point of interest. To see pictures of other areas that AAA considers to be Gems, click here.
Bigger photos? To save server space, the full-sized versions of these images have either not been loaded to the server or have been removed from the server. (Only some pages are loaded with full-sized images and those usually get removed after three months.) I still have them though. If you want me to email them to you, please send an email to guthrie.bruce@gmail.com and I can email them to you, or, depending on the number of images, just repost the page again will the full-sized images.
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Photo Contact: [Email Bruce Guthrie].