GA -- Tybee Island:
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- Wikipedia Description: Tybee Island, Georgia
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Tybee Island is an island and a present-day city in Chatham County, Georgia near the city of Savannah. As of the 2000 census, the city population was 3,392. The island, which includes the city of the same name, had a population of 3,713.
Tybee Island may be best known outside of Georgia as the home of the Tybee Bomb, a nuclear weapon that was lost offshore on February 5, 1958. Officially renamed "Savannah Beach" in a publicity move at the end of the 1950s, the city of Tybee Island has since reverted to its original name (although maps show the use of the name "Savannah Beach" as far back as 1952 and as recently as the mid-1970s on official state maps). . The small island, which has long been a quiet getaway for the residents of Savannah, has become a popular vacation spot with tourists from outside the Savannah metropolitan area.
Tybee Island is also the site of the first of what became the Days Inn chain of hotels.
History:
Tybee Island was originally inhabited by the Euchee Native American tribe and gave the island its name: tybee is a Euchee word for salt.
Later, in the 1500s the Spanish laid claim to the island and named it Los Bajos. It was at the northern end of the Guale missionary province of Spanish Florida. During that time the island was frequented by pirates who used the island to hide from those who pursued them. Pirates later used the island’s inland waterways for a fresh water source. After the founding of South Carolina in 1670, warfare increased between the English and Spanish and their allied Indians as well as South Carolina's pirate allies. In 1702 James Moore of South Carolina led an invasion of Spanish Florida with an Indian army and a fleet of pirates. The invasion failed to take the capital of Florida, St. Augustine, but did destroy the Guale and Mocama missionary provinces, raiding and enslaving Indians throughout the Sea Islands, including Tybee Island. After another invasion of Spanish Florida by South Carolina in 1704, Spanish power was limited to St. Augustine and Pensacola and the Sea Islands were depopulated, allowing the establishment of new English settlements such as the colony of Georgia.
In 1733 English settlers led by James Oglethorpe settled on Tybee Island before moving on to settle eventually in Savannah. In 1736 John Wesley, founder of the Methodist Church, arrived on Tybee Island.
Lighthouse:
The Tybee Island Light Station is one of just a handful of 18th century lighthouses still in operation in North America. First built in the year 1736, the lighthouse was made of brick and wood,and was standing 90 feet tall, making it the highest structure in America at that time.
Today the Tybee Lighthouse is a popular tourist destination, having all of its support buildings on the five-acre site historically preserved. The current black and white tower markings is a reversion to its fourth day mark, first used in 1916
See Tybee Island Light Station
Ft. Screven historic district:
Ft. Screven was first commissioned in 1899 and was named for General Joseph Screven, a Revolutionary War hero who was killed in action near Midway, Georgia, in 1778. The Fort served as a valuable part of coastal defense until it was decommissioned in 1947. Fort Screven is most notable for one of its former Commanding Officers, George C. Marshall, later a general famous for the Marshall Plan that rebuilt Western Europe after WWII. Very little remains of the original Fort buildings due to redevelopment of the area for housing. One of the most important remaining structures is the Tybee Post Theater which was constructed in 1930. It was one of the first theaters in Georgia to have sound features and was the highlight of recreational activities for the Fort. Other remaining buildings include the recently restored Guard House; Bakery, now a private home; and barracks, now apartments. The ruins of the beach fortifications are also extant; and of the six original batteries, Battery Garland, 1899, is accessible to the public. Battery Garland houses the Tybee Museum and several cannons and other military hardware are on display. Another remaining area is Officer's Row, an impressive group of original homes that had a sweeping an ocean view. One of these homes is now a bed and breakfast.
See Tybee Post Theater
Tybee Island in the Civil War:
During the American Civil War, Tybee Island was the site of siege batteries used by Union Army in their successful bombardment of Fort Pulaski on April 10-11, 1862. This was the first significant use of rifled cannons against masonry fortifications and demonstrated that masonry fortifications were obsolete. Despite their significance, the Union batteries remain unrecognized as an historical site.
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Tybee Island Light Station
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Tybee Island Light Station, also known simply as the Tybee Lighthouse is located on Tybee Island, Georgia, east of Savannah at the mouth of the Savannah River. The Tybee Lighthouse is one of just a handful of 18th century lighthouses still in operation in North America.
History:
In 1732, General James Oglethorpe, Governor of the 13th colony ordered construction of a lighthouse on Tybee Island to safely guide mariners into Savannah harbor. The original lighthouse was first completed in 1736. It was made of brick and wood and stood 90 feet tall, making it the highest structure in colonial America at that time. Five years later the lighthouse was destroyed by a horrible storm.
In 1742 a second lighthouse was finished; this version reached 94 feet tall 4 feet taller than the first lighthouse. In 1773 a third lighthouse was built which was also destroyed, this time in 1862 by Confederate troops from nearby Fort Pulaski. Of the 100 feet of the third lighthouse only 60 feet remained which served as a rebuilding point for a fourth lighthouse.
In 1869 it was decided that the lighthouse must be protected from ever increasing tides and gale force winds so it was moved 164 feet back from the shoreline. In the years from 1871 and 1886 the walls of the lighthouse became cracked by storm forces and later the light lens was broken by the Charleston earthquake of 1886.
The latest incarnation of the Tybee Island lighthouse stands at 154 feet and in 1933 became an electrically driven lighthouse. Because modern marine navigation techniques outgrew the need for such a lighthouse, the Tybee Island lighthouse became obsolete. Just three weeks after it became electrically driven it was donated to the Tybee Island Historical Society by the U.S. government.
Today the Tybee Lighthouse is a popular tourist destination, having all of its support buildings on the five-acre site historically preserved. The current black and white tower markings is a reversion to its fourth day mark, first used in 1916
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