BGuthrie Photos: CA -- San Diego -- USS Midway Museum (Interior)

CA -- San Diego -- USS Midway Museum (Interior):

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. MIDWAI_080723_029.JPG: T58 Engine
2. MIDWAI_080723_083.JPG: Fo'c'sle Forecastle Foreward Castle or Anchor Room: GROUND TACKLE: Although aircraft carriers usually moor alongside piers in modern harbors, there are occasions where an ancient method of securing the ship in shallow water can be used: anchoring. Cast steel anchors can weigh up to 20 tons, yet it is the chain which fixes the ship to the bottom. With each link weighing approximately 130 pounds, enough chain for 6 to 8 times the water's depth is run, or paid out after the anchor strikes the bottom and as the ship backs away. Therefore, it is the total weight of the chain which holds the ship to her anchorage. The large mushroom-shaped objects near the end of the chain are called windlasses. The sprocket of the windlass is called the wildcat and engages the links as they come up the chain pipe from where the rest of the chain is stored below decks in the chain locker.
3. MIDWAI_080723_133.JPG: The Navy Shower: Fresh water is a precious commodity aboard ship. To help conserve it, shower heads are fitted with a push button nozzle which permits water flow only when pressed. A "Navy Shower" involves using the nozzle to get wet. Next, soap is used alone to get up a lather. Then the nozzle is used to rinse. The purple pipes in the shower are for jet fuel. Midway veterans still swear that the Midway's fresh water had a fragrance of jet fuel.
4. MIDWAI_080723_145.JPG: A Tragic Night: The Cactus Collision: 29 July 1980: Despite the dangers inherent in carrier operations, Midway enjoyed a remarkably safe career spanning almost a half century. However, fate caught up with her on that summer night in 1980. Outbound from another Indian Ocean deployment in the South China Sea, Midway was approaching the confined waters separating Palawan Island from the north Borean coast. She was engaged in a routine night exercise, first simulating merchant ship lighting, then cruising with complete radio silence and almost no radar emissions, known as EMCON Alpha. Approaching the carrier from ahead was a Panamanian frigate named the Cactus, her decks packed with bundles of wooden pilings. Through a series of misunderstandings, compounded by the Midways' EMCON status, the two ships converged until both vessels were forced to take drastic evasive action. Shortly after 20:00 that night (8pm), the bow of the Cactus slid underneath the Midway's massive flight deck overhand, the freighter's structure demolishing the tail sections of several Phantom jets on the flight deck and carrying away or destroying antennas and the Fresnel Lens platform. Worse, this LOX plant, which juts out from the side of the Midway, was massively damaged, tearing heavy equipment from their foundations and spraying liquid oxygen and nitrogen. Two watchstanders, Machinist Mate Second Class Daniel Macey, and Machinist Mate Third Class Christian Belgum, were killed in the collision. As the two ships wrenched apart, the Midways' crew labored swiftly to secure leaking jet fuel and confine the flowing supercold liquid gasses. has the two mixed, a massive detonation would have killed hundreds and possibly destroyed the ship. The Midway put into Subic Bay for repairs and resumed her deployment days later.
5. MIDWAI_080723_149.JPG: O2N2 Plant: The O2N2 Plant provided oxygen and nitrogen for use on the carrier's aircraft and ground service equipment. Nitrogen was used to inflate the aircraft tires and struts, and for emergency systems, such as canopy releases. Liquid Nitrogen Converters: Oxygen was used by crewmen flying at altitudes above 10,000 feet. The green bottles on the deck were used as oxygen reservoirs and installed in aircraft to convert liquid oxygen into breathable gas.
6. MIDWAI_080723_169.JPG: Checking into the brig
7. MIDWAI_080723_240.JPG: Reduction gears
8. MIDWAI_080723_263.JPG: USS MIDWAY HAS xxxx FOD FREE DAYS LAST FOD WAS xxxx xxxx xxxx CRUNCH FREE DAYS LAST CRUNCH WAS xxxx xxx Explanation of sign above: Crunch: Any contact with an aircraft: The Midway tracked all incidents of aircraft coming in contact with other aircraft or structures in the hangar bay or on the flight deck. FOD: Foreign Object Damage: The Midway also tracked how many days it went without any foreign objects being ingested into the intakes of the aircraft on the flight deck. Crews walked the flight deck daily to clear the deck of even the smallest of items.
9. MIDWAI_080723_265.JPG: The Beginning... On March 20, 1945, the USS Midway was christened at the Newport News Shipyard. As the James River rose to a suitable level, the shoring and supports were removed from around the hull. At the right moment, Barbara Cox Anthony, the daughter of James M. Box, christened the ship with a traditional bottle of champagne. Barbara Cox, the widow of a naval aviator who was lost in a crash in 1943, was listed as the ship's sponsor. After being towed out into the James River, the Midway faced another six months of preparations for active service. On September 10, 1945, a mere eight days after the formal surrender ceremony on board the USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay, the Midway was commissioned at the Norfolk Navy Yard. Artemis Gate, Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Air) was the principal speaker for the commissioning ceremony, describing Midway as representing "a great milestone in our naval history."
10. MIDWAI_080723_286.JPG: Testing out ejection seats
11. MIDWAI_080723_321.JPG: Simulators
12. MIDWAI_080723_340.JPG: Briefing room. They get fancier as the ranks get higher.
13. MIDWAI_080723_445.JPG: Flag Officer's Cabin: The admiral is also known as a "flag officer" because his rank can be denoted by a blue flag with white stars corresponding to his rank. On the Midway, the embarked flag officer was usually a two-star rear Admiral who commanded the carrier task force.
14. MIDWAI_080723_457.JPG: The officer's mess gets much better place settings!
15. MIDWAI_080723_496.JPG: Pneumatic Message Tubes: These pipes, called "bunny tubes," channeled urgent printed radio messages rolled up inside containers around the ship with compressed air.
16. MIDWAI_080723_572.JPG: Officers Country: The "Dirty Shirt" Wardroom: The Midways had not one, but two wardrooms. Because carriers spend a great deal of time at sea and operate their aircraft around the clock, some officers have only minutes to get away from their watch stations to catch a meal. The "Dirty Shirt" wardroom is so named because work uniforms and flight suits are acceptable attire for dining in this wardroom. The food service is cafeteria style and beverages are self-dispensing. The seating arrangement is communal and functional. In the corner is a video monitor which showed PLAT (Pilot's Landing Aid Television) action of the flight deck during flight operations. The video you are seeing is actual Midway footage. Notice how close the landing intervals were between aircraft. Nor surprisingly, the Dirty Shirt Wardroom became a popular hangout for the pilots to grab a cup of coffee and unwind after a mission.
17. MIDWAI_080723_663.JPG: Note the missile work four decks below
18. MIDWAI_080723_696.JPG: Sick bay
19. MIDWAI_080723_710.JPG: The pharmacist
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Wikipedia Description: USS Midway (CV-41)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

USS Midway (CVB/CVA/CV-41) was an aircraft carrier of the United States Navy, the lead ship of her class, and the first to be commissioned after the end of World War II. Active in the Vietnam War and in Operation Desert Storm, as of 2004 she is a museum ship in San Diego, California. She is the only remaining aircraft carrier of the World War II era that is not an Essex-class ship.

Midway was laid down 27 October 1943 by Newport News Shipbuilding Co., Newport News, Virginia. Her revolutionary hull design was based on what would have been the Montana class battleships and gave her superior maneuverability over all previous carriers. She was launched 20 March 1945; sponsored by Mrs. Bradford William Ripley, Jr.; and commissioned 10 September 1945, Captain Joseph F. Bolger in command.

Early operations and deployment with the 6th Fleet:

After shakedown in the Caribbean, Midway joined in the U.S. Atlantic Fleet training schedule, with Norfolk her homeport. From 20 February 1946 she was flagship for CarDiv 1. In March, she tested equipment and techniques for cold weather operations in the North Atlantic. East Coast and Caribbean training was highlighted by Operation Sandy in September 1947, in which she test fired a captured German V-2 rocket from her flight deck, the first such launching from a moving platform.

On 29 October 1947, Midway sailed for the first of her annual deployments with the 6th Fleet in the Mediterranean. A powerful extension of sea/air power, Midway trained between deployments and received alterations necessary to accommodate heavier aircraft as they were developed. In 1952, she participated in North Sea maneuvers with NATO forces, and on 1 October was redesignated CVA-41.

Midway cleared Norfolk 27 December 1954 for a world cruise, sailing via the Cape of Good Hope for Taiwan, where she joined the 7th Fleet for operations in the Western Pacific until 28 June 1955. During these operations, Midway pilots flew cover for the evacuation from the Tachen Islands of 15,000 Chinese nationalist troops and 20,000 Chinese civilians, along with their pigs, cows and chickens. On 28 June 1955 she sailed for overhaul at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard. Here, she was out of commission until 30 September 1957, while she underwent an extensive modernization program (SCB-110). Midway received an enclosed "hurricane bow," an aft deck-edge elevator, an angled flight deck, and steam catapults.

Home ported at Alameda, California, Midway began annual deployments with the 7th Fleet in 1958, and was on such duty in the South China Sea during the Laotian Crisis of Spring 1961. During her 1962 deployment, her aircraft tested the air defense systems of Japan, Korea, Okinawa, the Philippines, and Taiwan. When she again sailed for the Far East 6 March 1965, her aircraft were prepared for combat operations, and from mid-April flew strikes against military and logistics installations in North and South Vietnam.

Returning to Alameda on 23 November, Midway entered San Francisco Bay Naval Shipyard on 11 February 1966 for a massive modernization (SCB-101.66) which proved to be very expensive and controversial. The flight deck was enlarged from 2.8 to 4 acres (11,300 to 16,200 m�). The elevators were enlarged, relocated, and given almost double the weight capacity. Midway also received new catapults, arresting gear, and a centralized air conditioning plant. Massive cost overruns raised the price of this program from $88 million to $202 million, and thus precluded a similar modernization planned for Franklin D. Roosevelt (CV-42). Midway finally recommissioned on 31 January 1970. It was also found that the modifications significantly reduced the ship's seakeeping capabilities and ability to conduct air operations in rough seas, which necessitated further modifications to correct the problem.

The first and last air-to-air kills in Vietnam:

Illustrative of the major contribution the carrier made to the war was a notable "first" for aviators of her Attack Carrier Wing 2, who in June of 1965, downed the first three MiGs credited to U.S. Forces in Southeast Asia. On 12 January 1973, LT V. T. Kovaleski (pilot) and LT J. A. Wise (RIO) of the Midway's VF-161 Chargers downed a North Vietnamese MiG-17 with an AIM-9 Sidewinder launched from their F-4B Phantom II. This was the last air-to-air kill of the Vietnam War.

A return to Vietnam:

Midway returned to Vietnam and on 18 May 1971, after relieving Hancock (CV-19) on Yankee Station, began single carrier operations which continued until the end of the month. She departed Yankee Station on 5 June, and completed her final line period on 31 October. She returned to her homeport on 6 November.

Midway, with embarked Carrier Air Wing 5 (CVW 5), again departed Alameda for operations off Vietnam on 10 April 1972. On 11 May, aircraft from Midway along with those from Coral Sea (CV-43), Kitty Hawk (CV-63), and Constellation (CV-64) continued laying minefields in ports of significance to the North Vietnamese—Thanh Hoa, Dong Hoi, Vinh, Hon Gai, Quang Khe and Cam Pha as well as other approaches to Haiphong. Ships that were in port in Haiphong had been advised that the mining would take place and that the mines would be armed 72 hours later. Midway continued Vietnam operations throughout the summer of 1972.

On 7 August 1972, an HC-7 Det 110 helicopter, flying from Midway, and aided by planes from the carrier and from Saratoga (CV-60), conducted a search and rescue mission for a downed aviator in North Vietnam. The pilot of an A-7 Corsair II aircraft from Saratoga had been downed by a surface-to-air missile about 20 miles (30 km) inland, northwest of Vinh, on 6 August. The HC-7 helo flew over mountainous terrain to rescue the pilot. The rescue helicopter used its search light to assist in locating the downed aviator and, despite receiving heavy ground fire, was successful in retrieving him and returning to an LPD off the coast. This was the deepest penetration of a rescue helicopter into North Vietnam since 1968. HC-7 Det 110 continued its rescue missions and by the end of 1972 had successfully accomplished 48 rescues, 35 of which were under combat conditions.

On 5 October 1973, Midway, with CVW 5, put into Yokosuka, Japan, marking the first forward-deployment of a complete carrier task group in a Japanese port, the result of an accord arrived at on 31 August 1972 between the U.S. and Japan. In addition to the morale factor of dependents housed along with the crew in a foreign port, the move had strategic significance because it facilitated continuous positioning of three carriers in the Far East at a time when the economic situation demanded the reduction of carriers in the fleet.

Operation Frequent Wind, other jobs:

Midway, Coral Sea (CV-43), Hancock (CV-19), Enterprise (CVN-65) and Okinawa (LPH-3) responded 19 April 1975 to the waters off South Vietnam when North Vietnam overran two-thirds of South Vietnam. Ten days later, Operation Frequent Wind was carried out by U.S. 7th Fleet forces. During this operation, Midway had off loaded fifty percent of her regular combat air wing at NS Subic Bay, Philippines. She steamed to Thailand and embarked 10 large US Air Force CH-53 Sea Stallion helicopters for the purpose of ferrying people from Saigon out to the fleet cruising in the South China Sea. Hundreds of U.S. personnel and Vietnamese were evacuated to waiting ships after the fall of Saigon to the North Vietnamese. One South Vietnamese pilot landed a O-1 Bird Dog observation aircraft aboard Midway, bringing himself and his family to safety. The small aircraft is now on display at the Naval Aviation Museum in Pensacola, Fl.

Upon completion of ferrying people to other ships, she returned to Thailand and disembarked the Air Force helicopters. The CH-53s then airlifted over 50 South Vietnamese Air Force aircraft to the ship. With almost 100 helicopters and aircraft of the former South Vietnamese Air Force aboard, she steamed to Guam where the aircraft and helicopters were off loaded in twenty-four hours. On her way back to the Philippines to pick up her air wing she was rerouted
to act as a floating airfield in support of special operation forces rescuing a pirated cargo ship (see Mayag�ez incident). She picked up her regular air wing again a month later when she returned NAS Cubi Point, Philippines.

On 21 August 1976, a Navy task force headed by Midway made a show of force off the coast of Korea in response to an unprovoked attack on two U.S. Army officers who were killed by North Korean guards on 18 August. (The U.S. response to this incident was Operation Paul Bunyan). Midway's response was in support of a U.S. demonstration of military concern vis-�-vis North Korea.

Midway relieved Constellation (CV-64) as the Indian Ocean contingency carrier on 16 April 1979. Midway and her escort ships continued a significant American naval presence in the oil-producing region of the Arabian Sea and Persian Gulf. On 18 November, she arrived in the northern part of the Arabian Sea in connection with the continuing hostage crisis in Iran. Militant followers of the Ayatollah Khomeini, who had come to power following the overthrow of the Shah, seized the U.S. Embassy in Tehran on 4 November and held 63 U.S. citizens hostage. Midway was joined 21 November by Kitty Hawk (CV-63), and both carriers, along with their escort ships, were joined by the Nimitz (CVN-68) and her escorts on 22 January 1980. Midway was relieved by Coral Sea (CV-43) on 5 February.

Missions in the 1980s:

Following a period in Yokosuka, Midway relieved Coral Sea 30 May 1980 on standby south of the Cheju-Do Islands in the Sea of Japan following the potential of civil unrest in the Republic of Korea. While transiting the passage between Palawan Island of the Philippines and the coast of Northern Borneo on July 29, Midway collided with the Panamanian merchant ship Cactus. The Cactus was 450 nautical miles southwest of Subic Bay and headed to Singapore. The collision occurred near the liquid oxygen plant and two sailors working in the plant were killed, three were injured. Midway sustained light damage and three F-4 Phantom aircraft parked on the flight deck were also damaged. On 17 August, Midway relieved Constellation to begin another Indian Ocean deployment and to complement the Dwight D. Eisenhower (CVN-69) task group still on contingency duty in the Arabian Sea. Midway spent a total of 118 days in the Indian Ocean during 1980.

On 16 March 1981, an A-6 Intruder from VA-115 aboard Midway sighted a downed civilian helicopter in the South China Sea. Midway immediately dispatched HC-1 Det 2 helicopters to the scene. All 17 people aboard the downed helicopter were rescued and brought aboard the carrier. The chartered civilian helicopter was also plucked out of the water and lifted to Midway's flight deck.

Midway continued serving in the western Pacific throughout the 1980s. In order to alleviate persistent seakeeping issues, Midway received hull blisters in
1986. The modification proved unsuccessful.

On 25 March 1986, the final carrier launching of a Navy fleet F-4S Phantom II took place off Midway during flight operations in the East China Sea. The aircraft was manned by pilot Lt. Alan S. "Mullet" Colegrove and radar intercept officer Lt. Gregg "Ichabod" Blankenship of VF-151. Phantoms were being replaced by the new F/A-18 Hornets.

Operation Desert Storm and the 1990s:

On 2 August 1990, Iraq invaded its neighbor Kuwait, and U.S. forces moved into Saudi Arabia as part of Operation Desert Shield to protect that country against invasion by Iraq. On 1 November 1990, Midway was again on station in the North Arabian Sea, relieving Independence. On 15 November, she participated in Operation Imminent Thunder, an eight-day combined amphibious landing exercise in northeastern Saudi Arabia which involved about 1,000 U.S. Marines, 16 warships, and more than 1,100 aircraft. Meanwhile, the United Nations set an ultimatum deadline of 15 January 1991 for Iraq to withdraw from Kuwait.

Operation Desert Storm began the next day, and the Navy launched 228 sorties from Midway and Ranger (CV-61) in the Persian Gulf, from Theodore Roosevelt (CVN-71) en route to the Gulf, and from John F. Kennedy, Saratoga, and America in the Red Sea. In addition, the Navy launched more than 100 Tomahawk missiles from nine ships in the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, and the Persian Gulf. Desert Storm officially ended 27 February, and Midway departed the Persian Gulf 11 March 1991 and returned to Yokosuka.

A final cruise and then on to life as a museum:

In August 1991, Midway departed Yokosuka and returned to Pearl Harbor. Here, she turned over with Independence which was replacing Midway as the forward-deployed carrier in Yokosuka. Midway then sailed to San Diego where she was decommissioned at Naval Air Station North Island on 11 April 1992 in a ceremony in which the main speaker was Secretary of Defense Richard Cheney. She was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register on 17 March 1997. During the decommissioning process, she was used to film portions of the movie At Sea, a documentary on carrier life shown only at the Navy Museum in Washington D.C. Both sailors and their families participated in the filming or the homecoming scenes.

On 30 September 2003, Midway began her journey from the Navy Inactive Ship Maintenance Facility, Bremerton, Washington, to San Diego, California in preparation for use as a museum and memorial. She was docked at the Charles P. Howard Terminal in Oakland, California, during the first week in October while the construction of her pier in San Diego was completed. Then, on 10 January 2004 the ship was moored at her final location at the Broadway Pier in downtown San Diego, where she was opened to the public on 7 June 2004. In its first year of operation, the museum doubled attendance projections by welcoming 879,281 guests aboard.

Visitors may tour the ship's flight deck, hangar bay, mess hall, bridge, primary flight control area, enlisted and junior officer quarters, sickbay, and portions of the engine rooms. Additionally, over 25 restored WW2 and postwar naval aircraft are on display in the hangar and on the flight deck. Self-guided audio tours are provided with admission. Events and meetings are held on board as well. Five to six evening events are held aboard Midway every week. Midway now books events three years in advance.

Bringing the ship to San Diego as a museum was the source of some controversy. Critics raised objections including environmental concerns and blocking of scenic sightlines. Under the terms agreed to in receiving space to dock the ship, a portion of the ships bow is accessible free of charge to allow all visitors to enjoy views of the San Diego harbor and skyline without paying admission, and the preservation of some acres of land as a wetland habitat. Admission charge for rest of ship is $17 for adults, as of May 2008. There were also concerns that the Midway Museum would steal customers from other local attractions. For example, the ship is located near the independently operated Maritime Museum of San Diego, which includes a collection of historic ships including the tall ship Star of India and the HMS Surprise, a replica British frigate used in the filming of the movie Master and Commander: The Far Side of the World. Through 2004, the Maritime business has actually received an increase of visitors, and the Executive Director of the Maritime Museum believes that part of the credit goes to the arrival of the Midway.
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