BGuthrie Photos: AZ -- Montezuma Castle Natl Monument -- Castle

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$Lifeline: Beaver Creek has always been a major focus of life in the Verde Valley. Prehistoric Sinagua farmers constructed Montezuma Castle and other structures near the creek. They dug ditches to carry creek water to irrigate the fields of corn, beans, squash, and cotton they cultivated on flat patches of creek-bottom land. They also hunted animals attracted by the creek, and gathered creekside plants.\ Ever-sensitive to the moods of Beaver Creek -- because their lives literally depended on it -- the Sinagua watched their lifeline change with the seasons. Sometimes -- seemingly in the blink of an eye -- the gentle, clear meander grew into a raging, muddy torrent, leaving debris stranded high in creekside trees.$

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$This Land is Home: In the mid-1800s, the westward advancing United States began to beset Native peoples in Arizona. Many were forced to relinquish their land or be killed. Today's Indian reservations include only a fraction of the lands once used. Nevertheless, more Native peoples remain on parts of their traditional lands in the Southwest than anywhere else in the contiguous Untied States. Despite relocations and attempts to impose a foreign way of life, each group retains much of their rich culture, tradition, and history.$

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