BGuthrie Photos: DC -- Southeast -- Transportation Walk

BGuthrie Photos: DC -- Southeast -- Transportation Walk DC -- Southeast -- Transportation Walk:

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. TWALK_230408_007.JPG: The following pictures are from the page 2023_DC_Trans_Walk DC -- Southeast -- Transportation Walk (119 photos from 2023)
2. TWALK_230408_008.JPG: Cantilever Bridge Cantilever bridges carry heavy loads. The structure is built out symmetrically from each pier. The landward side is anchored and the other side may support an intermediate truss or be joined to the last cantilever.
3. TWALK_230408_011.JPG: 1947 Chuck Yeager Test pilot Capt. Chuck Yeager flies the Bell X-1 jet Glamorous Glennis at Mach 1.06, the first time a plane exceeds the speed of sound.
4. TWALK_230408_016.JPG: 1956 Gladys B. West Dr. Gladys B. West paved the way for the Global Positioning System (GPS) that has revolutionized global society. She is a pioneer in the use of complex mathematical programming to generate accurate models of the earth's shape. Dr. West was born in Dinwiddie County, Virginia in 1930. She began her career at the Naval Surface Warfare Center in 1956.
5. TWALK_230408_024.JPG: 1956 The first containerized shipment travels from Newark, New Jersey to Houston, Texas. Loading full trailer bodies onto ships rather than loading and unloading the cargo revolutionizes shipping.
6. TWALK_230408_030.JPG: 1960 Americans own over 61 million cars. There are 1,230,000 miles of paved roads. 2000 More than 130 million cars are registered. There are over 2,500,000 miles of paved roads. 1956 Dwight Eisenhower President Eisenhower signs bills authorizing the National System of Interstate and Defense Highways. 42,500 miles of new high-speed limited access highways create a nationwide transportation network.
7. TWALK_230408_035.JPG: Transportation Walk 1958 The Boeing 707 enters commercial service and an era of increased passenger travel begins. It is the first jet aircraft to provide commercial service carrying over 180 passengers.
8. TWALK_230408_039.JPG: Transportation Walk was designed by Vincent Ciulla Design www.ciulladesign.com Transportation Walk thanks and acknowledges the many individuals, organizations, institutions and companies who have participated in the development of this project.
9. TWALK_230408_054.JPG: SS Sequoia Presidents relax and entertain, work and negotiate on presidential yachts. The last yacht to serve, the USS Sequoia, is used by Presidents Franklin Roosevelt through Gerald Ford and was retired in 1977. USS Memphis Charles Lindbergh sails home from France on the warship Memphis, disembarking at the Washington Navy Yard on June 11, 1927. Skipjack Skipjacks, traditional two-sailed working boats used for oyster and crab fishing, still operate on the Chesapeake Bay today. Canal Barge Barges are working boats that carry goods and supplies. Even today, barges transport everything from grain to urban refuse along America's lakes, rivers and shorelines. USS Constitution In 1804, the Navy Frigate USS Constitution is kept in reserve at the Washington Navy Yard. The Navy's oldest active commissioned warship is now located in Boston.
10. TWALK_230408_064.JPG: 1970 Airlines carry 172 million passengers in the United States. 2000 Airlines carry almost 615 million passengers in the United States.
11. TWALK_230408_073.JPG: 1966 Pan Am's Juan Trippe works with Boeing to develop the wide-body 747. Jumbo jets like the 747 can carry up to 490 passengers and reduce the cost of long distance travel.
12. TWALK_230408_075.JPG: 1962 John Glenn, Jr. John Glenn. Jr. makes three orbits of earth during America's first manned orbit of space flight in the Mercury Atlas 6 Friendship 7.
13. TWALK_230408_078.JPG: Transportation Walk 1969 Neil Armstrong commands the Apollo 11 and becomes the first man to land a craft and walk on the moon.
14. TWALK_230408_081.JPG: 1977 Paul MacCready His 70 pound Gossamer Condor, powered by cyclist Bryan Allen maneuvers a figure eight on a closed course and stays aloft for 7 minutes, 2.7 seconds, winning the $95,000 Kremer Prize.
15. TWALK_230408_084.JPG: 1972-1978 Ivan Getting Bradford Parkinson Getting and Parkinson devise the Global Positioning System. It uses satellite signals, control stations and GPS receivers to pinpoint location in consumer cars and boats as well as commercial and military craft.
16. TWALK_230408_086.JPG: 1983 Sally Ride Dr. Ride, the first American woman in space, takes part in the 7th Space Shuttle mission. The reusable spacecraft carry out 113 missions between 1983 and 2003.
17. TWALK_230408_089.JPG: Transportation Walk 2003 Dean Kamen introduces the battery operated self-balancing Segway Human Transporter. It carries people and small cargo 12 mph over a variety of terrains.
18. TWALK_230408_092.JPG: 2004 Burt Rutan Michael W. Melvill Brian Binnie The SpaceShipOne rocket and glider reaches a record altitude of 368,000 feet. Its second flight in two weeks wins it the $10 million Ansari X-Prize offered to inspire private development of manned space flight.
19. TWALK_230408_098.JPG: Landing Gear and Wheels Many people fly for the first time after the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 results in lower fares and the growth of commuter airlines offering new routes through a hub-and-spoke system.
20. TWALK_230408_104.JPG: Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration To advance the safe transportation of energy and other hazardous materials Expanding Gate Valve Utilized on a filter skid in a liquid petroleum gas system in Texas City, Texas from the early 1990's until 2013. Expanding gate valves were patented in the 1940's
21. TWALK_230408_117.JPG: Cable Stayed Bridge The cables connect structure supporting the roadway and traffic to the tower, stiffening or staying the bridge and enabling the tower to carry the required load.
22. TWALK_230408_124.JPG: Arch Bridge One of the strongest bridge types, the arch bridge was used extensively by the Romans. The arch carries the weight of the roadway and vehicular traffic to supports at each end.
23. TWALK_230408_126.JPG: 1607 John Smith The first permanent English colonists come to the New Work in three small ships; the Susan Constant, Godspeed and Discovery. After settling at what is now Jamestown, Virginia, Captain Smith becomes their leader.
24. TWALK_230408_132.JPG: 1631 America's first ferry-man Edward Converse is paid one or two pence a person, six pence per pig and extra monies to run the ferry at night across the Charles River between Boston and Charlestown.
25. TWALK_230408_135.JPG: 1786 Elias Hasket Derby The first American trading ship arrives at the port of Canton, China. Following the American Revolution, merchant Elias Derby's ships make 45 voyages to new markets in the East Indies, and China.
26. TWALK_230408_143.JPG: 1775 America's first submarine, the Turtle, is built by David Bushnell to break the British blockade of New York. The driver uses a hand driven propeller to move it beneath its target.
27. TWALK_230408_153.JPG: 1775 Daniel Boone follows the Warriors' Path and blazes the Wilderness Road through the Cumberland Gap. From 1775 to 1810, over 200,000 settlers move west through the Gap.
28. TWALK_230408_155.JPG: 1804-1806 Meriwether Lewis William Clark Lewis, Clark and the Corps of Discovery seek the "shortest and most convenient route to the Pacific." Their versatile 55 foot keelboat rowed, poled, sailed or pulled up the Missouri River and carry 10 tons of supplies.
29. TWALK_230408_158.JPG: 1804-1806 Sacagawea A Shoshone Indian woman, Sacagawea, accompanies Lewis and Clark as an interpreter and enables the expedition to purchase horses. Clark calls her his "pilot" through the Rockies.
30. TWALK_230408_161.JPG: 1806 Thomas Jefferson Better roads link the nation and enable people and goods to move inland. In 1806, Thomas Jefferson signs the law authorizing construction of the first federal highway, the National Road.
31. TWALK_230408_168.JPG: Ships' Wheels Starting in the 18th century, helm wheels begin to replace tillers for turning ships' rudders, making steering easier.
32. TWALK_230408_181.JPG: 1865-1869 Chinese and Irish immigrants built about 2,000 miles of track. The 12,000 Chinese were nearly 80% of Central Pacific's workforce. Their hard work and ingenuity to tunnel through the Sierras made possible the Transcontinental Railroad.
33. TWALK_230408_185.JPG: 1830 John B. Jervis Chief engineer Jervis designs the steam engine Experiment for the Mohawk & Hudson Railroad. The first free-swinging four-wheel front truck becomes the standard American design and enables speeds of 80 miles per hour.
34. TWALK_230408_188.JPG: Transportation Walk 1817 Capt. Henry M. Shreve designs a shallow hull and high-pressure engine so steamboats can navigate upriver in western waters. His Washington makes the round trip between Louisville and New Orleans in 41 days.
35. TWALK_230408_191.JPG: 1840-1950 Enslaved African Americans and free Blacks were the primary railroad builders in the antebellum South before and after the Civil War. Railroad companies employed more Blacks than any other industry.
36. TWALK_230408_198.JPG: 1830 Peter Cooper races his steam locomotive Tom Thumb against the horse-drawn B&O Railroad. Within a year, the B&O is an all-steam railroad.
37. TWALK_230408_201.JPG: 1825 Dewitt Clinton The 363-mile Erie Canal, promoted by New York governor Clinton, opens. Settlers move west and the cost to move goods east decreases by 90%. New York becomes the busiest port in America.
38. TWALK_230408_204.JPG: 1833 Joseph Walker Trappers gain early knowledge of routes through the West. After years in the mountains, Walker leads the first party overland to the Great Salt Lake and then the Yosemite Valley.
39. TWALK_230408_211.JPG: Railroad Freight Car Truck and Tracks In 1831, American inventor John Stevens is the first to use wooden ties and develops the easily fastened T-shaped rail still used today.
40. TWALK_230408_220.JPG: 1860 Johnny Fry For 19 months, until the telegraph replaced it, the Pony Express provides the fastest mail service to California. Fry rides the first leg in and out of St. Joseph, Missouri. The mail reaches Sacramento in 10 days.
41. TWALK_230408_221.JPG: Transportation Walk 1837 John Ericsson's steam driven screw propeller is more efficient than the paddle wheel, and is still used today. In 1862, he applies this and other improvements to his design of the ironclad Monitor.
42. TWALK_230408_228.JPG: Covered Wagon Wheels From the 1840s to 1860s, settlers and gold rushers walk overland trails 15 to 20 miles a day beside covered ox-drawn wagons carrying up to 2500 lbs of household goods and supplies.
43. TWALK_230408_231.JPG: 1869 Theodore Judah Theodore Judah's lobbying and surveying efforts are rewarded when the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads are joined at Promontory Summit, Utah Territory.
44. TWALK_230408_234.JPG: 1830 There are 23 miles of railroad tracks in the United States. 1899 There are 186,000 miles of railroad tracks in the United States.
45. TWALK_230408_237.JPG: Transportation Walk 1886 The first successful electric trolley is established in Montgomery, Alabama. Rapidly adopted, trolleys enable the upper middle class to move to the suburbs. Today, some American cities are choosing fast, clean and convenient light rail systems.
46. TWALK_230408_239.JPG: 1895 J. Frank Duryea wins the first auto race in America. He and his brother found the first company in America to sell gas-powered cars.
47. TWALK_230408_245.JPG: 1873 At 4 in the morning, Andrew Smith Hallidie successfully tests the cable car in San Francisco, the first to be put in regular service. Moving cables pull the cars up and down steep hills.
48. TWALK_230408_248.JPG: 1897 25th Infantry Bicycle Corps Twenty African-American soldiers cycle 1,400 miles from Ft. Missoula, Montana to St. Louis, Missouri in 40 days to test the new "safety" bicycle as a transportation alternative to the horse.
49. TWALK_230408_252.JPG: 1898 John Holland Holland launches the first practical submarine. Purchased by the Navy in 1900 as the USS Holland (SS-1), it uses a gasoline engine on the surface and is battery-powered under water.
50. TWALK_230408_255.JPG: Transportation Walk 1891 Many inventors apply their skills to horseless carriages. John Lambert produces America's first gasoline powered car. Only later will cars be mass-produced.
51. TWALK_230408_260.JPG: Transportation Corridor In the 1890s, streetcars ran along M Street, a major east-west artery. Today cars, trucks and busses fill the street.
52. TWALK_230408_265.JPG: Taxiway Guidance Sign The colors, letters, and design of standardized port signs on taxiways and runways provide specific instructions to pilots. Crossing Gate and Flashing Light Signal Uniform traffic signs, sounds, signals, and gates at rail crossings alert the public to oncoming trains. Channel Marking Buoy Buoys mark safe channels and identify regulations or objects located under water for boats navigating waterways.
53. TWALK_230408_287.JPG: Ship's Propeller The helical blades of the ship's propeller force water backward. The reaction drives the ship forward. Additional drive is provided by the suction created on the forward face of the screw blades. Airplane Propeller The propeller, like the turbine-powered fan in the modern jet engine, forces air backward The reaction pushes the aircraft forward and the flow of air over the wings provides upward lift to sustain flight. Truck Wheel Wheels with axles are rotating levers. The force that turns the axle makes the outer edge of a wheel move farther and faster, propelling vehicles along roads and tracks.
54. TWALK_230408_292.JPG: 1903 Orville Wright Wilbur Wright Wilbur becomes interested in mechanical flight in 1896. After experimenting with gliders, he and Orville develop and patent principles of airplane control that are still used today.
55. TWALK_230408_300.JPG: 1903 Orville Wright pilots the first powered flight, lasting 12 seconds. The heavier-than-air plane takes off from the ground, flies 120 feet, and reaches an altitude of 10 feet. He and his brother Wilbur each make two flights that day.
56. TWALK_230408_304.JPG: 1908 Elmer Sperry Sperry develops a gyrostabilizer then gyrocompass, then the gyroscopic-guided automatic pilot, which keeps ships, airplanes, and now spacecraft on course.
57. TWALK_230408_310.JPG: Single Bit Bollard Completed under the direction of George W. Goethals, the 51-mile Panama Canal opens to shipping in 1914 and shortens the voyage from New York to San Francisco by 7,872 miles.
58. TWALK_230408_317.JPG: 1911 Charles Kettering Kettering perfects a workable electric starter at his lab in Dayton. First installed in 1912 Cadillacs, it means the end of difficult and dangerous hand cranking; and enables more women to drive.
59. TWALK_230408_321.JPG: Transportation Walk 1913 While Model Ts have been made since 1908, Ford initiates mass production of cars when the first Model T rolls off the new assembly line. The line's efficiency will make cars affordable for working people.
60. TWALK_230408_328.JPG: 1919 Alexander Graham Bell and Casey Baldwin experiment on a boat that runs above water on wing-like structures called hydrofoils. Model HD-4 sets a water speed record of 70 mph.
61. TWALK_230408_334.JPG: 1911 Harriet Quimby Journalist Quimby becomes the first American woman to receive a pilot's license, and also the first woman to make a nighttime flight and fly the English Channel.
62. TWALK_230408_339.JPG: 1900 Americans own 8,000 cars but there are only 10 miles of concrete paved roads. 1920 Americans own 8 million cars. Roughly 10% or 369,000 miles of roads are surfaced.
63. TWALK_230408_345.JPG: 1923 Garrett Morgan Morgan is granted the first US patent for a traffic signal to regular vehicles and pedestrians in urban areas. The inexpensive, manually operated device is used throughout North America.
64. TWALK_230408_353.JPG: 1922 William and Frank Fageol manufacture the Safety Coach, the first purpose-built bus, for inter-city travel. In 1927, their Twin Coach, the first dual-motored streetcar type urban transit bus, uses the whole length to carry passengers.
65. TWALK_230408_354.JPG: 1926 Robert Goddard Among his many firsts, pioneer of space flight Robert Goddard constructs and launches the first liquid fuel rocket.
66. TWALK_230408_356.JPG: 1927 Charles Lindbergh Lindbergh makes the first non-stop, solo transatlantic flight. It takes 33 hours and 30 minutes in the specially built Spirit of St. Louis. He wins the $25,000 Orteig prize.
67. TWALK_230408_363.JPG: 1925 When planes are unable to fly, dogs still get through. Twenty dog drivers participate in the Serum Run, a relay which brings diphtheria serum to affected Alaskan villages.
68. TWALK_230408_365.JPG: 1932 Amelia Earhart On the fifth anniversary of Lindbergh's flight, Earhart becomes the first woman and second person to make the solo flight across the Atlantic. His Vega lands in Ireland after 14 hours 50 minutes.
69. TWALK_230408_368.JPG: 1937 A. Philip Randolph Pullman porters make the trip comfortable for long distance travelers. Randolf organizes the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters in 1925 and wins its first major contract with the Pullman Company in 1937.
70. TWALK_210731_01.JPG: The following pictures are from the page 2021_DC_Trans_Walk DC -- Southeast -- Transportation Walk (2 photos from 2021)
71. TWALK_100911_001.JPG: The following pictures are from the page 2010_DC_Trans_Walk DC -- Southeast -- Transportation Walk (122 photos from 2010)
72. TWALK_100911_010.JPG: Ships' Wheels Starting in the 18th century, helm wheels begin to replace tillers for turning ships' rudders, making steering easier. Steering wheels of the USS Hartford, 1864.
73. TWALK_100911_015.JPG: Ships' Wheels Starting in the 18th century, helm wheels begin to replace tillers for turning ships' rudders, making steering easier. Steering wheels of the USS Hartford, 1864.
74. TWALK_100911_019.JPG: 1804-1806 Sacagawea A Shoshone Indian woman, Sacagawea, accompanies Lewis and Clark as an interpreter and enables the expedition to purchase horses. Clark calls her his "pilot" through the Rockies.
75. TWALK_100911_022.JPG: 1806 Thomas Jefferson Better roads link the nation and enable people and goods to move inland. In 1806, Thomas Jefferson signs the law authorizing construction of the first federal highway, the National Road.
76. TWALK_100911_026.JPG: 1804-1806 Meriwether Lewis William Clark Lewis, Clark and the Corps of Discovery seek the "shortest and most convenient route to the Pacific." Their versatile 55 foot keelboat rowed, poled, sailed or pulled up the Missouri River and carry 10 tons of supplies.
77. TWALK_100911_031.JPG: 1775 Daniel Boone follows the Warriors' Path and blazes the Wilderness Road through the Cumberland Gap. From 1775 to 1810, over 200,000 settlers move west through the Gap.
78. TWALK_100911_034.JPG: 1775 Daniel Boone follows the Warriors' Path and blazes the Wilderness Road through the Cumberland Gap. From 1775 to 1810, over 200,000 settlers move west through the Gap.
79. TWALK_100911_044.JPG: 1600-1811 Encounter and Exploration
80. TWALK_100911_045.JPG: 1775 America's first submarine, the Turtle, is built by David Bushnell to break the British blockade of New York. The driver uses a hand driven propeller to move it beneath its target.
81. TWALK_100911_051.JPG: 1775 America's first submarine, the Turtle, is built by David Bushnell to break the British blockade of New York. The driver uses a hand driven propeller to move it beneath its target.
82. TWALK_100911_053.JPG: 1786 Elias Hasket Derby The first American trading ship arrives at the port of Canton, China. Following the American Revolution, merchant Elias Derby's ships make 45 voyages to new markets in the East Indies, and China.
83. TWALK_100911_055.JPG: 1631 America's first ferry-man Edward Converse is paid one or two pence a person, six pence per pig and extra monies to run the ferry at night across the Charles River between Boston and Charlestown.
84. TWALK_100911_059.JPG: 1631 America's first ferry-man Edward Converse is paid one or two pence a person, six pence per pig and extra monies to run the ferry at night across the Charles River between Boston and Charlestown.
85. TWALK_100911_064.JPG: 1607 John Smith The first permanent English colonists come to the New Work in three small ships; the Susan Constant, Godspeed and Discovery. After settling at what is now Jamestown, Virginia, Captain Smith becomes their leader.
86. TWALK_100911_080.JPG: Landing Gear and Wheels Many people fly for the first time after the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 results in lower fares and the growth of commuter airlines offering new routes through a hub-and-spoke system.
87. TWALK_100911_082.JPG: Landing Gear and Wheels Many people fly for the first time after the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 results in lower fares and the growth of commuter airlines offering new routes through a hub-and-spoke system.
88. TWALK_100911_085.JPG: Four Bicycles and a Three-Wheeler Marked, designated bike lanes on streets in most major cities, in suburbs and towns, are a response to increased cycling for fun, fitness and convenient, fuel-saving commuting.
89. TWALK_100911_089.JPG: Four Bicycles and a Three-Wheeler Marked, designated bike lanes on streets in most major cities, in suburbs and towns, are a response to increased cycling for fun, fitness and convenient, fuel-saving commuting.
90. TWALK_100911_109.JPG: 1966 Pan Am's Juan Trippe works with Boeing to develop the wide-body 747. Jumbo jets like the 747 can carry up to 490 passengers and reduce the cost of long distance travel.
91. TWALK_100911_113.JPG: 1966 Pan Am's Juan Trippe works with Boeing to develop the wide-body 747. Jumbo jets like the 747 can carry up to 490 passengers and reduce the cost of long distance travel.
92. TWALK_100911_119.JPG: Three Gas Pumps Increased automobile use and interstate trucking companies spur the growth of the largest network of roads in the world. Rural areas are linked to major economic centers.
93. TWALK_100911_122.JPG: Three Gas Pumps Increased automobile use and interstate trucking companies spur the growth of the largest network of roads in the world. Rural areas are linked to major economic centers.
94. TWALK_100911_125.JPG: 1956 Dwight Eisenhower President Eisenhower signs bills authorizing the National System of Interstate and Defense Highways. 42,500 miles of new high-speed limited access highways create a nationwide transportation network.
95. TWALK_100911_131.JPG: Transportation Walk was designed by Vincent Ciulla Design -- www.ciulladesign.com Transportation Walk thanks and acknowledges the many individuals, organizations, institutions, and companies who have participated in the development of this project.
96. TWALK_100911_134.JPG: Five ship models. USS Sequoia Presidents relax and entertain, work and negotiate on presidential yachts. The last yacht to serve, the USS Sequoia, is used by Presidents Franklin Roosevelt through Gerald Ford and was retired in 1977. USS Memphis Charles Lindbergh sails home from France on the warship Memphis, disembarking at the Washington Navy Yard on June 11, 1927. Skipjack Skipjacks, traditional two-sailed working boats used for oyster and crab fishing, still operate on the Chesapeake Bay today. Canal Barge Barges are working boats that carry goods and supplies. Even today, barges transport everything from grain to urban refuse along America's lakes, rivers and shorelines. USS Constitution In 1804, the Navy frigate USS Constitution is kept in reserve at the Washington Navy Yard. The Navy's oldest active commissioned ship is now located in Boston.
97. TWALK_100911_190.JPG: 1956 The first containerized shipment travels from Newark, New Jersey to Houston, Texas. Loading full trailer bodies onto ships rather than loading and unloading the cargo revolutionizes shipping.
98. TWALK_100911_195.JPG: 1956 The first containerized shipment travels from Newark, New Jersey to Houston, Texas. Loading full trailer bodies onto ships rather than loading and unloading the cargo revolutionizes shipping.
99. TWALK_100911_213.JPG: Signs for the five flying craft: Wright Brothers' 1903 Flyer "I got on the machine at 10:35 for the first trial... increasing in speed to probably 7 or 8 miles. The machine lifted..." -- Orville Wright's Diary, December 17, 1903 Lockheed Vega Amelia Earhart makes record-breaking nonstop flights in her Vega across both the Atlantic and the United States. P-51 Mustang Fighter The first black combat pilots, the Tuskegee Airmen, flew over 200 escort missions during World War II and never lose a bomber to the enemy. [Note: This claim has been disproven.] Bell-47 Helicopter The Bell-47, also known as the H-13 or HTL-4, is the first helicopter to be awarded a commercial license in 1946. Pilots using the helicopter rescued thousands of wounded soldiers during the Korean War. Global Flyer In March 2005, Steve Fossett flies around the world without stopping or refueling in a single seat, turbofan jet engine powered airplane. It takes 67 hours and one minute.
100. TWALK_100911_227.JPG: Flight Path Look up, and every few seconds you'll see a plane taking off or landing from Washington Reagan National Airport, as they have since the 1940s. Due to its shorter runway, the airport is limited to smaller jet planes like 737s and 757s.
101. TWALK_100911_239.JPG: A Bustling Port Since 1799, the Eastern Branch or Anacostia River has been the port of Washington. Canal barges, the frigate USS Constitution, the cruiser Memphis with Lindbergh on board, warships and presidential yachts have all sailed its waters.
102. TWALK_100911_245.JPG: Buried History Opening in 1815, the Washington Canal once ran beneath this site. Barges carried food and goods like flour and firewood from Maryland to the city. The canal often silted up and was abandoned and filled in 1928. Three blocks north of M Street, SE, are paved over the old canal.
103. TWALK_100911_251.JPG: 1939 Igor Sikorsky's V5 300 helicopter makes its first flight. His single-rotor design still predominates in modern helicopter design.
104. TWALK_100911_258.JPG: 1932 Victor Schreckengost designs a cab over engine truck. Trucks can carry more cargo despite length limitations and the engine is more easily accessible for servicing. Viktor Schreckengost From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Viktor Schreckengost (June 26, 1906 – January 26, 2008) was a noted American industrial designer, sculptor, and artist. His work was wide ranging. Schreckengost is widely noted as having designed the Jazz Bowl, for Eleanor Roosevelt during his association with Cowan Pottery. He created (at the time) the largest freestanding ceramic sculpture in the world, Early Settler at Lakewood High School in Lakewood, Ohio. He designed bicycles manufactured by Murray bicycles for Murray and Sears, Roebuck and Company. With engineer Ray Spiller, he designed the first truck with a cab-over-engine configuration, a design in use to this day. And he created simple, modern dinnerware designs that became popular throughout the country. Schreckengost's peers included designers Raymond Loewy, Norman Bel Geddes, Eva Zeisel, and Russel Wright.
105. TWALK_100911_262.JPG: 1922 William and Frank Fageol manufacture the Safety Coach, the first purpose-built bus, for inter-city travel. In 1927, their Twin Coach, the first dual-motored streetcar type urban transit bus, uses the whole length to carry passengers.
106. TWALK_100911_267.JPG: 1922 William and Frank Fageol manufacture the Safety Coach, the first purpose-built bus, for inter-city travel. In 1927, their Twin Coach, the first dual-motored streetcar type urban transit bus, uses the whole length to carry passengers.
107. TWALK_100911_269.JPG: 1911 Harriet Quimby Journalist Quimby becomes the first American woman to receive a pilot's license, and also the first woman to make a nighttime flight and fly the English Channel.
108. TWALK_100911_272.JPG: 1929 James Doolittle uses Paul K altimeter, a gyrocompass and an artificial ... to make an entirely new instrument -- guided 15-mile flight. Being able to measure altitude improves aviation safety and enables routine air service.
109. TWALK_100911_277.JPG: 1919 Alexander Graham Bell and Casey Baldwin experiment on a boat that runs above water on wing-like structures called hydrofoils. Model HD-4 sets a water speed record of 70 mph.
110. TWALK_100911_281.JPG: 1919 Alexander Graham Bell and Casey Baldwin experiment on a boat that runs above water on wing-like structures called hydrofoils. Model HD-4 sets a water speed record of 70 mph.
111. TWALK_100911_286.JPG: 1911 Charles Kettering Kettering perfects a workable electric starter at his lab in Dayton. First installed in 1912 Cadillacs, it means the end of difficult and dangerous hand cranking; and enables more women to drive.
112. TWALK_100911_288.JPG: Transportation Walk 1913 While Model Ts have been made since 1908, Ford initiates mass production of cars when the first Model T rolls off the new assembly line. The line's efficiency will make cars affordable for working people.
113. TWALK_100911_292.JPG: Single Bit Bollard Completed under the direction of George W. Goethals, the 51-mile Panama Canal opens to shipping in 1914 and shortens the voyage from New York to San Francisco by 7,872 miles.
114. TWALK_100911_298.JPG: Single Bit Bollard Completed under the direction of George W. Goethals, the 51-mile Panama Canal opens to shipping in 1914 and shortens the voyage from New York to San Francisco by 7,872 miles.
115. TWALK_100911_299.JPG: 1908 Elmer Sperry Sperry develops a gyrostabilizer then gyrocompass, then the gyroscopic-guided automatic pilot, which keeps ships, airplanes, and now spacecraft on course.
116. TWALK_100911_302.JPG: 1911 Glenn Curtiss ... [Impossible to read!]
117. TWALK_100911_306.JPG: 1903 Orville Wright pilots the first powered flight, lasting 12 seconds. The heavier-than-air plane takes off from the ground, flies 120 feet, and reaches an altitude of 10 feet. He and his brother Wilbur each make two flights that day.
118. TWALK_100911_309.JPG: 1903 Orville Wright pilots the first powered flight, lasting 12 seconds. The heavier-than-air plane takes off from the ground, flies 120 feet, and reaches an altitude of 10 feet. He and his brother Wilbur each make two flights that day.
119. TWALK_100911_315.JPG: 1903 Orville Wright Wilbur Wright Wilbur becomes interested in mechanical flight in 1896. After experimenting with gliders, he and Orville develop and patent principles of airplane control that are still used today.
120. TWALK_100911_316.JPG: 1901 Oscar Hedstrom designs the first American-made motorcycle, the Indian, for the Hendee Manufacturing Co.
121. TWALK_100911_320.JPG: Ship's Propeller The helical blades of the ship's propeller force water backward. The reaction drives the ship forward. Additional drive is provided by the suction created on the forward face of the screw blades. Airplane Propeller The propeller, like the turbine-powered fan in the modern jet engine, forces air backward The reaction pushes the aircraft forward and the flow of air over the wings provides upward lift to sustain flight. Truck Wheel Wheels with axles are rotating levers. The force that turns the axle makes the outer edge of a wheel move farther and faster, propelling vehicles along roads and tracks.
122. TWALK_100911_333.JPG: Taxiway Guidance Sign The colors, letters, and design of standardized port signs on taxiways and runways provide specific instructions to pilots. Crossing Gate and Flashing Light Signal Uniform traffic signs, sounds, signals, and gates at rail crossings alert the public to oncoming trains. Channel Marking Buoy Buoys mark safe channels and identify regulations or objects located under water for boats navigating waterways.
123. TWALK_100911_346.JPG: Transportation Corridor In the 1890s, streetcars ran along M Street, a major east-west artery. Today cars, trucks and busses fill the street.
124. TWALK_100911_351.JPG: Transportation Walk 1891 Many inventors apply their skills to horseless carriages. John Lambert produces America's first gasoline powered car. Only later will cars be mass-produced.
125. TWALK_100911_354.JPG: 1898 John Holland Holland launches the first practical submarine. Purchased by the Navy in 1900 as the USS Holland (SS-1), it uses a gasoline engine on the surface and is battery-powered under water.
126. TWALK_100911_357.JPG: 1897 25th Infantry Bicycle Corps Twenty African-American soldiers cycle 1,400 miles from Ft. Missoula, Montana to St. Louis, Missouri in 40 days to test the new "safety" bicycle as a transportation alternative to the horse.
127. TWALK_100911_360.JPG: 1873 At 4 in the morning, Andrew Smith Hallidie successfully tests the cable car in San Francisco, the first to be put in regular service. Moving cables pull the cars up and down steep hills.
128. TWALK_100911_364.JPG: 1873 At 4 in the morning, Andrew Smith Hallidie successfully tests the cable car in San Francisco, the first to be put in regular service. Moving cables pull the cars up and down steep hills.
129. TWALK_100911_369.JPG: 1895 J. Frank Duryea wins the first auto race in America. He and his brother found the first company in America to sell gas-powered cars.
130. TWALK_100911_370.JPG: 1869 Theodore Judah Theodore Judah's lobbying and surveying efforts are rewarded when the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads are joined at Promontory Summit, Utah Territory.
131. TWALK_100911_373.JPG: Transportation Walk 1886 The first successful electric trolley is established in Montgomery, Alabama. Rapidly adopted, trolleys enable the upper middle class to move to the suburbs. Today, some American cities are choosing fast, clean and convenient light rail systems.
132. TWALK_100911_377.JPG: Covered Wagon Wheels From the 1840s to 1860s, settlers and gold rushers walk overland trails 15 to 20 miles a day beside covered ox-drawn wagons carrying up to 2500 lbs of household goods and supplies.
133. TWALK_100911_382.JPG: Covered Wagon Wheels From the 1840s to 1860s, settlers and gold rushers walk overland trails 15 to 20 miles a day beside covered ox-drawn wagons carrying up to 2500 lbs of household goods and supplies.
134. TWALK_100911_388.JPG: 1860 Johnny Fry For 19 months, until the telegraph replaced it, the Pony Express provides the fastest mail service to California. Fry rides the first leg in and out of St. Joseph, Missouri. The mail reaches Sacramento in 10 days.
135. TWALK_100911_391.JPG: Transportation Walk 1837 John Ericsson's steam driven screw propeller is more efficient than the paddle wheel, and is still used today. In 1862, he applies this and other improvements to his design of the ironclad Monitor.
136. TWALK_100911_395.JPG: Railroad Freight Car Truck and Tracks In 1831, American inventor John Stevens is the first to use wooden ties and develops the easily fastened T-shaped rail still used today.
137. TWALK_100911_400.JPG: Railroad Freight Car Truck and Tracks In 1831, American inventor John Stevens is the first to use wooden ties and develops the easily fastened T-shaped rail still used today.
138. TWALK_100911_402.JPG: 1833 Joseph Walker Trappers gain early knowledge of routes through the West. After years in the mountains, Walker leads the first party overland to the Great Salt Lake and then the Yosemite Valley.
139. TWALK_100911_405.JPG: 1827 New York City's first public transportation route operates the 12-seat stagecoach Accommodation. By 1832, horses pull metal-wheeled street railway cars on metal tracks.
140. TWALK_100911_411.JPG: 1825 Dewitt Clinton The 363-mile Erie Canal, promoted by New York governor Clinton, opens. Settlers move west and the cost to move goods east decreases by 90%. New York becomes the busiest port in America.
141. TWALK_100911_412.JPG: 1830 Peter Cooper races his steam locomotive Tom Thumb against the horse-drawn B&O Railroad. Within a year, the B&O is an all-steam railroad.
142. TWALK_100911_419.JPG: 1830 Peter Cooper races his steam locomotive Tom Thumb against the horse-drawn B&O Railroad. Within a year, the B&O is an all-steam railroad.
143. TWALK_100911_420.JPG: 1830 John B. Jervis Chief engineer Jervis designs the steam engine Experiment for the Mohawk & Hudson Railroad. The first free-swinging four-wheel front truck becomes the standard American design and enables speeds of 80 miles per hour.
144. TWALK_100911_423.JPG: Transportation Walk 1817 Capt. Henry M. Shreve designs a shallow hull and high-pressure engine so steamboats can navigate upriver in western waters. His Washington makes the round trip between Louisville and New Orleans in 41 days.
145. TWALK_100911_428.JPG: Switching Yard Almost 100 years ago, the tracks of the busy Pennsylvania railroad freight yard known as the "Navy Yard" occupied the area around 4th and M Streets, serving the US Navy Shipyard Annex. Two or three yard engines switched freight cars that brought in coke and steel.
146. TWALK_100911_436.JPG: 1830 There are 23 miles of railroad tracks in the United States. 1899 There are 186,000 miles of railroad tracks in the United States.
147. TWALK_100911_441.JPG: 1900 Americans own 8,000 cars but there are only 10 miles of concrete paved roads. 1920 Americans own 8 million cars. Roughly 10% or 369,000 miles of roads are surfaced.
148. TWALK_100911_442.JPG: 1923 Garrett Morgan Morgan is granted the first US patent for a traffic signal to regular vehicles and pedestrians in urban areas. The inexpensive, manually operated device is used throughout North America.
149. TWALK_100911_447.JPG: 1926 Robert Goddard Among his many firsts, pioneer of space flight Robert Goddard constructs and launches the first liquid fuel rocket.
150. TWALK_100911_449.JPG: 1927 Charles Lindbergh Lindbergh makes the first non-stop, solo transatlantic flight. It takes 33 hours and 30 minutes in the specially built Spirit of St. Louis. He wins the $25,000 Orteig prize.
151. TWALK_100911_451.JPG: 1925 When planes are unable to fly, dogs still get through. Twenty dog drivers participate in the Serum Run, a relay which brings diphtheria serum to affected Alaskan villages.
152. TWALK_100911_456.JPG: 1925 When planes are unable to fly, dogs still get through. Twenty dog drivers participate in the Serum Run, a relay which brings diphtheria serum to affected Alaskan villages.
153. TWALK_100911_461.JPG: 1932 Amelia Earhart On the fifth anniversary of Lindbergh's flight, Earhart becomes the first woman and second person to make the solo flight across the Atlantic. His Vega lands in Ireland after 14 hours 50 minutes.
154. TWALK_100911_466.JPG: 1937 A. Philip Randolph Pullman porters make the trip comfortable for long distance travelers. Randolf organizes the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters in 1925 and wins its first major contract with the Pullman Company in 1937.
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