BGuthrie Photos: MD -- South Mountain Welcome Center (where Beltway snipers were arrested)

BGuthrie Photos: MD -- South Mountain Welcome Center (where Beltway snipers were arrested) MD -- South Mountain Welcome Center (where Beltway snipers were arrested):

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Specific picture descriptions: Photos above with "i" icons next to the bracketed sequence numbers (e.g. "[1] ") are described as follows:
1. SNIPVC_170204_001.JPG: The following pictures are from the page 2017_MD_SniperVC MD -- South Mountain Welcome Center (where Beltway snipers were arrested) (26 photos from 2017)
2. SNIPVC_170204_006.JPG: First Blood of the Civi War The Pratt Street Riot The Civil War broke out on April 12, 1861 with the firing on For Sumter in Charleston harbor. Abraham Lincoln, barely six weeks into his presidency, responded with a call for 75,000 volunteers to put down the rebellion. Those destined for Washington had to first pass through Baltimore. On April 19, the 6th Massachusetts Volunteer Militia was attacked by a mob on Pratt Street and opened fire, killing a dozen civilians before reaching the safety of Camden Station. Four soldiers died and scores were injured and left behind the confusion. To so-called Pratt Street Riot confirmed Northern suspicions that Baltimore was disloyal. Succeeding waves of Union troops treated it that way, occupying the strategically vital border city over the next four years. "The mob grew bolder. Stones flew thick and fast. Rioters rushed at the soldiers and attempted to snatch their muskets... Men fell on both sides." -- From the memoir of George W. Brown, Baltimore's mayor in 1861 Rallying Cries for Opposite Camps: The titles of these popular prints speak volumes. For southerners, Baltimore's Pratt Street Riot symbolized northern aggression and an oppressive federal government. Northerners, especially New Englanders, linked the 6th Massachusetts militia to their noble forebears who came to the defense of the country in 1776. Brother Against Brother: The Shriver family of Union Mills, some 40 miles from Baltimore, was torn apart by heard-felt loyalties. David K. Shriver (right) joined the Union Army, his cousin Mark O. Shriver (far right), the Confederate. Joining the Fight: Many in Baltimore were strongly Unionist perhaps none more so that free African Americans. Beginning in 1863, the city furnished recruits for three regiments of US Colored Troops -- including 16 slaves freed from a Pratt Street slave pen. Among the most notable to serve was Baltimore-born Christian Fleetwood, a college educated free man who became one of 14 US Colored Troops awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor for bravery. Secession: South Carolina's state legislature passed a secession ordinance upon learning that Abraham Lincoln had won the presidency. Minutes later, a Charleston printer published the broadside. Civil War Baltimore Our House Divided: Civil War Baltimore provides us with a look at the strategically important major American city, (third largest in 1860) in a state that did not secede but was at times administered by the US Army. After the Pratt Street Riot, federal troops moved in and for the next four years Baltimoreans who supported the South lived under the watchful eyes of a military commander and his provost marshal. While the city's business ties to the South withered and died, Baltimoreans cared for tens of thousands from both sides and served as a major transportation hub and supply depot for the Union Army. In Baltimore, you will discover ho the story unfolded, and feel its lingering aftermath. The Union Must Hold: On April 21, 1861, two days after Baltimore exploded in violence, a group of Fell's Point shopkeepers expressed their loyalty to the Union by posing for a photograph with the American flag. Union troops would soon embrace the "Star Spangled Banner," born in Baltimore during the War of 1812, as their anthem. Occupying the High Ground: On the night of May 13, 1861, less than a month after the Pratt Street Riot, General Benjamin F. Butler marched in beneath a violent thunderstorm and stationed his Union soldiers on Federal Hill. Butler was quickly relieved for impetuousness, but Union guns could now reach any part of the city.
3. SNIPVC_170204_011.JPG: Rallying Cries for Opposite Camps: The titles of these popular prints speak volumes. For southerners, Baltimore's Pratt Street Riot symbolized northern aggression and an oppressive federal government. Northerners, especially New Englanders, linked the 6th Massachusetts militia to their noble forebears who came to the defense of the country in 1776.
4. SNIPVC_170204_014.JPG: Secession: South Carolina's state legislature passed a secession ordinance upon learning that Abraham Lincoln had won the presidency. Minutes later, a Charleston printer published the broadside.
5. SNIPVC_170204_018.JPG: Civil War Baltimore Our House Divided: Civil War Baltimore provides us with a look at the strategically important major American city, (third largest in 1860) in a state that did not secede but was at times administered by the US Army. After the Pratt Street Riot, federal troops moved in and for the next four years Baltimoreans who supported the South lived under the watchful eyes of a military commander and his provost marshal. While the city's business ties to the South withered and died, Baltimoreans cared for tens of thousands from both sides and served as a major transportation hub and supply depot for the Union Army. In Baltimore, you will discover ho the story unfolded, and feel its lingering aftermath. The Union Must Hold: On April 21, 1861, two days after Baltimore exploded in violence, a group of Fell's Point shopkeepers expressed their loyalty to the Union by posing for a photograph with the American flag. Union troops would soon embrace the "Star Spangled Banner," born in Baltimore during the War of 1812, as their anthem. Occupying the High Ground: On the night of May 13, 1861, less than a month after the Pratt Street Riot, General Benjamin F. Butler marched in beneath a violent thunderstorm and stationed his Union soldiers on Federal Hill. Butler was quickly relieved for impetuousness, but Union guns could now reach any part of the city.
6. SNIPVC_170204_046.JPG: Turbulent Citizens of Baltimore: Despite significant victories on the Great Lakes, America's Navy was dwarfed by the British. As they did during the Revolutionary War, the Americans created a "private navy." Citizen sailors, armed with "letters of marque" allowed them to seize enemy vessels, plagued British shipping. Among the best known privateers was Thomas Boyle, captain of the Chasseur, a pilot schooner built here in Fell's Point. Boyle's success was matched by his audacity, as seen by the 1814 proclamation delivered to Lloyd's of London, announcing his personal blockade of British shipping. Bombs Bursting in Air: British ships fired some 1,800 bombs, mortars and rockets at Fort McHenry over a 25-hour period, killing four and wounding 24. But Major George Armistead's garrison of 1,000 soldiers prevailed, hoisting their star-spangled flag at 9am on September 14, 1814 as the Royal Navy withdrew. Preparing for a Frontal Assault: With the British stalled at North Point, defenders feverishly finished digging entrenchments on the east side of town. The workforce included many immigrants and African Americans, both free and enslaved. Their mile-long earthworks, centered on Hampstead Hill, were manned by 15,000 troops. On September 13, the British marched within a mile, and then, cautiously, waited for the bombardment to open the door to Baltimore. Engaging the Enemy: British troops, many of them veterans of the Napoleonic wars, expected little resistence on their march to Baltimore. But at North Point they met 3,200 Maryland militia under Brigadier General John Stricker. The invaders prevailed but not before suffering heavy casualties -- none more damaging than the death of their commander, Major General Robert Ross.
7. SNIPVC_170204_049.JPG: A Privateering Life: One in five sailors during the War of 1812 was African American. George Roberts (shown here in old age) served as a gunner aboard two privateer vessels, Sarah Ann and Chasseur. Some 130 letters of marque vessels sailed out of Fell's Point, at least 55 of them armed. These privateers captured from 556 enemy vessels, nearly half of the national total.
8. SNIPVC_170204_053.JPG: From Ensign to Icon: The Star-Spangled Banner Flag At 9am, on September 14, 1814, soldiers at Fort McHenry replaced their rain-soaked battle flag with a 30 by 42 foot garrison flag. British sailors, in the midst of withdrawing after their bombardment failed, took note. So did Francis Scott Key, a Maryland-born lawyer and amateur poet who nervously watched the barrage from a truce ship. Both flags were the handi-work of Baltimore's Mary Pickersgill, who was assisted by her daughter, two nieces, mother, and an African American indentured servant named Grace Wisher. Ordered in 1813 by the fort's commander, Major George Armistead, the 15-star garrison flag was pieced together in seven weeks from from [sic] cotton and dyed English wool bunting. A Flag Making Family: Mary Pickersgill learned her craft from her mother, Rebecca Young. The Philadelphia native moved to Baltimore in 1807, following her husband's death. She supported her household by designing and sewing signal flags, and silk standards for merchants and the military. Must-See American Icon: The Star-Spangled banner, one of the National Museum of American History's most sought-after objects, is seen by more than four million people a year.
9. SNIPVC_170204_055.JPG: Taking a Stand at Baltimore Birthplace of the Star-Spangled Banner The War of 1812, often forgotten, gave Americans two enduring symbols of national unity: the Star-Spangled Banner flag and our National Anthem. Both were born here in Baltimore during a defiant three-day stand by citizens and soldiers. Here is their story... Just two anxious weeks later, the Battle for Baltimore began. For three days, September 12-14, 1814, the fate of America's third largest city, hung in the balance. On land, seasons British Troops were repulsed. Their general Robert Ross, was killed. At sea the Royal Navy's ferocious 25-hour bombardment failed. On August 26, 1814, panicky reports flooded into Baltimore The nation's capital was burning. The British, having harassed Marylanders over he past 18 months, were on the move. Militia from Pennsylvania, Virginia and the surrounding countryside began pouring into town. Baltimore dug in. Baltimore was saved. Francis Scott Key captured the moment in words that quickly spread across the young nation as a patriotic song. Baltimore's defiant stand, along with news of American victory at Plattsburg, New York, and the ongoing disruption of their shipping by privateers, nudged Britain toward peace. "Rejoice, ye people of America! Inhabitants of Philadelphia, New York and Boston rejoice! Baltimore had nobly fought your battles..." -- The Yankee, a Boston newspaper, September 1814 A Privateering Life: One in five sailors during the War of 1812 was African American. George Roberts (shown here in old age) served as a gunner aboard two privateer vessels, Sarah Ann and Chasseur. Some 130 letters of marque vessels sailed out of Fell's Point, at least 55 of them armed. These privateers captured from 556 enemy vessels, nearly half of the national total. By Land and Sea: Britain's two-pronged invasion began on September 11, 1814, with the arrival of the Royal Navy on the Patapsco River. Five thousand troops landed at North Point to begin their march on Baltimore. Bomb ships, frigates and rocket ships approached For McHenry and other harbor defenses. The royal noose tightened. Turbulent Citizens of Baltimore: Despite significant victories on the Great Lakes, America's Navy was dwarfed by the British. As they did during the Revolutionary War, the Americans created a "private navy." Citizen sailors, armed with "letters of marque" allowed them to seize enemy vessels, plagued British shipping. Among the best known privateers was Thomas Boyle, captain of the Chasseur, a pilot schooner built here in Fell's Point. Boyle's success was matched by his audacity, as seen by the 1814 proclamation delivered to Lloyd's of London, announcing his personal blockade of British shipping. Bombs Bursting in Air: British ships fired some 1,800 bombs, mortars and rockets at Fort McHenry over a 25-hour period, killing four and wounding 24. But Major George Armistead's garrison of 1,000 soldiers prevailed, hoisting their star-spangled flag at 9am on September 14, 1814 as the Royal Navy withdrew. Preparing for a Frontal Assault: With the British stalled at North Point, defenders feverishly finished digging entrenchments on the east side of town. The workforce included many immigrants and African Americans, both free and enslaved. Their mile-long earthworks, centered on Hampstead Hill, were manned by 15,000 troops. On September 13, the British marched within a mile, and then, cautiously, waited for the bombardment to open the door to Baltimore. Engaging the Enemy: British troops, many of them veterans of the Napoleonic wars, expected little resistence on their march to Baltimore. But at North Point they met 3,200 Maryland militia under Brigadier General John Stricker. The invaders prevailed but not before suffering heavy casualties -- none more damaging than the death of their commander, Major General Robert Ross. From Ensign to Icon: The Star-Spangled Banner Flag At 9am, on September 14, 1814, soldiers at Fort McHenry replaced their rain-soaked battle flag with a 30 by 42 foot garrison flag. British sailors, in the midst of withdrawing after their bombardment failed, took note. So did Francis Scott Key, a Maryland-born lawyer and amateur poet who nervously watched the barrage from a truce ship. Both flags were the handi-work of Baltimore's Mary Pickersgill, who was assisted by her daughter, two nieces, mother, and an African American indentured servant named Grace Wisher. Ordered in 1813 by the fort's commander, Major George Armistead, the 15-star garrison flag was pieced together in seven weeks from from [sic] cotton and dyed English wool bunting. A Flag Making Family: Mary Pickersgill learned her craft from her mother, Rebecca Young. The Philadelphia native moved to Baltimore in 1807, following her husband's death. She supported her household by designing and sewing signal flags, and silk standards for merchants and the military. Must-See American Icon: The Star-Spangled banner, one of the National Museum of American History's most sought-after objects, is seen by more than four million people a year.
10. SNIPVC_170204_071.JPG: On Tubman's Trail The Underground Railroad in Maryland Harriet Tubman, hailed during his lifetime as the "Moses of her people," is even more admired today, a century after her passing. Born in Dorchester County on Maryland's Eastern Shore, Tubman escaped from slavery in 1849. But she didn't rest there. Over the next decade, Tubman returned to Maryland at least a dozen times to bring family members and friends to freedom. Tubman became the most celebrated "conductor" of the nation's vast Underground Railroad. This network of blacks and whites, around for centuries but first named in the 1830s, ushered thousands of slaves north. Slaves fled Maryland at a record pace in the 1850s, challenging bankrupt notions about their happiness living in bondage. Harriet Tubman continued helping others, often at great personal risk, for the rest of her life. As a Union scout and spy during the Civil War, she liberated hundreds of slaves. Later, Tubman became active on behalf of women's suffrage, and opened a home and hospital for indigent and ages African Americans. "The idea of being captured by slave-hunters or slave holders, seemed never to enter her mind." -- William Still, abolitionist and Underground Railroad conductor Tasting Freedom: In September 1849, fearing she might be sold south, Harriet Tubman (born Araminta Ross and called "Minty") ran away with her brothers. Harry and Ben soon panicked and the threesome returned. But not for long. Later that fall, Tubman left again, this time for good. Among Family and Friends: Tubman settled in Auburn, New York, surrounded by family and friends. Shown left to right in this photograph: Tubman; adopted daughter Gertie Davis; Gertie's husband Nelson Davis; Tubman's great-great-niece Lee Cheney; "Pop" Alexander; Walter Green; "Blind Aunty" Sarah Parker; and, Tubman's great niece Dora Stewart. Moses of Her People: Standing only five feet tall and unable to read or write, Harriet Tubman was nonetheless a force to be reckoned with. Intensely religious, she faced devastating physical pain and emotional setbacks throughout her life. Daring Escape: Using directions provided by Tubman, some 44 men, women and young children escaped from Dorchester County in October 1857. Many eventually settled near Tubman's Auburn, New York, home. One couple, Nat and Lizzy Amby, moved to Baltimore after the Civil War to rejoin friends and family they left behind. Follow the North Star: Tubman's Underground Railroad network included friendly "stations" in Baltimore (her brother-in-law lived in present-day Little Italy), Maryland's Dorchester and Caroline counties, and a handful of cities, towns and villages in Delaware. Frederick Douglass Frederick Douglass is another giant of American history who emerged from slavery on Maryland's Eastern Shore. Born in Talbot County, Douglass spent much of his youth and early adulthood "hired out" to shipbuilders in Baltimore's Fell's Point neighborhood. There he learned to read and write. In early September, 1838, Douglass disguised himself as a sailor, clutched a friend's "sailor protection" papers, and nervously boarded a northbound train, leaving behind his life as a slave. A brilliant orator and thinker, Douglass went on to become the nation's foremost anti-slavery spokesman. Maryland, a boarder state suspended between slavery and freedom, had done much to shape his character as it had Harriet Tubman's. Douglass was proud of his Eastern Shore origins, even as he railed against the evils of slavery. And he never forgot Baltimore, returning late in life to build four rowhouses on the former site of the church in which he worshipped as a slave. Those houses still stand in Fell's Point. An American Giant: Born Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey, Douglass adopted a new surname after gaining his freedom in 1838. He sat or this portrait after publishing his autobiography, an immediate bestseller. Douglass later gave his daguerreotype to longtime friend and fellow reformer Susan B. Anthony. Escape by Any Means: Henry Brown gained his freedom in 1849 by having himself shipped by rail to Philadelphia, by way of Baltimore. Brown's escape became a powerful symbol of the inhumanity of slavery and the subject of a popular print. The man holding the crowbar is Frederick Douglass.
11. SNIPVC_170204_077.JPG: Tasting Freedom: In September 1849, fearing she might be sold south, Harriet Tubman (born Araminta Ross and called "Minty") ran away with her brothers. Harry and Ben soon panicked and the threesome returned. But not for long. Later that fall, Tubman left again, this time for good. Among Family and Friends: Tubman settled in Auburn, New York, surrounded by family and friends. Shown left to right in this photograph: Tubman; adopted daughter Gertie Davis; Gertie's husband Nelson Davis; Tubman's great-great-niece Lee Cheney; "Pop" Alexander; Walter Green; "Blind Aunty" Sarah Parker; and, Tubman's great niece Dora Stewart. Moses of Her People: Standing only five feet tall and unable to read or write, Harriet Tubman was nonetheless a force to be reckoned with. Intensely religious, she faced devastating physical pain and emotional setbacks throughout her life.
12. SNIPVC_170204_083.JPG: Frederick Douglass Frederick Douglass is another giant of American history who emerged from slavery on Maryland's Eastern Shore. Born in Talbot County, Douglass spent much of his youth and early adulthood "hired out" to shipbuilders in Baltimore's Fell's Point neighborhood. There he learned to read and write. In early September, 1838, Douglass disguised himself as a sailor, clutched a friend's "sailor protection" papers, and nervously boarded a northbound train, leaving behind his life as a slave. A brilliant orator and thinker, Douglass went on to become the nation's foremost anti-slavery spokesman. Maryland, a boarder state suspended between slavery and freedom, had done much to shape his character as it had Harriet Tubman's. Douglass was proud of his Eastern Shore origins, even as he railed against the evils of slavery. And he never forgot Baltimore, returning late in life to build four rowhouses on the former site of the church in which he worshipped as a slave. Those houses still stand in Fell's Point. An American Giant: Born Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey, Douglass adopted a new surname after gaining his freedom in 1838. He sat or this portrait after publishing his autobiography, an immediate bestseller. Douglass later gave his daguerreotype to longtime friend and fellow reformer Susan B. Anthony. Escape by Any Means: Henry Brown gained his freedom in 1849 by having himself shipped by rail to Philadelphia, by way of Baltimore. Brown's escape became a powerful symbol of the inhumanity of slavery and the subject of a popular print. The man holding the crowbar is Frederick Douglass.
13. SNIPVC_170204_092.JPG: Heart of the Civil War
14. SNIPVC_170204_122.JPG: S.W. Baumiller Rest Area This rest area is named for S.W. Baumiller First landscape engineer with the Maryland State Roads Commission. His dedication to roadside beauty has made Maryland a better place in which to live. The Federated Garden Clubs of Maryland Oct. 14, 1970
15. SNIPVC_160530_002.JPG: The following pictures are from the page 2016_MD_SniperVC MD -- South Mountain Welcome Center (where Beltway snipers were arrested) (24 photos from 2016)
16. SNIPVC_160530_021.JPG: Dear Friends, We're having a great time here in Maryland! We ventured off the highway and explored scenic byways and back roads through the heart of Civil War country. The countryside if gorgeous. We enjoyed spectacular Cunningham Falls, tasted fabulous local wines, toured vineyards, and then went shopping in some fun little towns along the way. Tomorrow we raft the whitewater of the Potomac River. The kids can't wait! -- Wish you were here! -- The Gang
17. SNIPVC_160530_026.JPG: THE BATTLE OF ANTIETAM, fought fourteen miles from here on September 17, 1862, was a pivotal Union victory, encouraging President Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation.
18. SNIPVC_160530_035.JPG: Explore Maryland at the Crossroads of Conflict When the Civil War broke out in 1861 and divided the nation, Maryland was on the conflict's pivotal border between North and South, and braced itself for war. Battles fought on Maryland's soil were critical to the defense of the nation's capital and showed this region's citizens the brutality of the war firsthand. The long conflict engulfed homes, towns and livelihoods, leaving its mark in the area's many battlefields. Local citizens, though divided by conviction, were united by compassion. They tended the wounded in nearby churches and public buildings, converted into hospitals. Follow the area's Civil War driving trails through the Heart of the Civil War Heritage Area to learn of a struggle that still haunts the nation today. Pick up your byway map and free travel guides inside the South Mountain Welcome Center. The Antietam Campaign: Retrace history along the Antietam Campaign trail, a driving tour that follows Confederate General Robert E. Lee's advance. Hoping that a bold invasion of the North would "liberate" Maryland, Lee pushed through this region in the fall of 1862. The battles that followed were some of the costliest of the entire war. Trying to secure supply and communication lines, Lee divided his army between Harper's Ferry, Hagerstown, and the three South Mountain gaps, just miles from here. When the troops at the gaps clashed with the Union, Lee was forced to pull back and look for a defensible place to regroup. He chose Sharpsburg. His army stood its ground there at the catastrophic Battle of Antietam on September 17th, 1862 -- the bloodiest single-day battle in American history. Despite massive losses on both sides, the Union won the day and ended Lee's invasion. The Gettysburg Campaign: Follow the advance of over 160,000 Union and Confederate troops on the Gettysburg Invasion Trails. During the summer of 1863, the Confederate Army was again on the move through Maryland, seeking out an offensive advantage and the ripening crops of Pennsylvania's farms. Union forces searched for them in vain, plodding north from Frederick, just east of this ridge. Hidden by the mountain range on which you stand, the Confederates marched just west of here through the Great Valley. The two armies collided at Gettysburg on July 1st, 1863, a historic battle and another Union victory. The Battle of Monocacy: In the line of fire yet again, Maryland was invaded a third time in July of 1864 when Confederate troops under General Jubal Early closed in on Washington. The only Union force in their way was a ragtag group of 2,300 men, most of whom had never seen battle. Commanded by General Lew Wallace, they spread out over 6 miles along the Monocacy River near Frederick, hoping to stall the Confederate army long enough for Washington to bolster its defenses. Though the Confederates won the battle, the fight cost precious time -- and spared the capital.
19. SNIPVC_160530_045.JPG: The Antietam Campaign: Retrace history along the Antietam Campaign trail, a driving tour that follows Confederate General Robert E. Lee's advance. Hoping that a bold invasion of the North would "liberate" Maryland, Lee pushed through this region in the fall of 1862. The battles that followed were some of the costliest of the entire war. Trying to secure supply and communication lines, Lee divided his army between Harper's Ferry, Hagerstown, and the three South Mountain gaps, just miles from here. When the troops at the gaps clashed with the Union, Lee was forced to pull back and look for a defensible place to regroup. He chose Sharpsburg. His army stood its ground there at the catastrophic Battle of Antietam on September 17th, 1862 -- the bloodiest single-day battle in American history. Despite massive losses on both sides, the Union won the day and ended Lee's invasion. The Gettysburg Campaign: Follow the advance of over 160,000 Union and Confederate troops on the Gettysburg Invasion Trails. During the summer of 1863, the Confederate Army was again on the move through Maryland, seeking out an offensive advantage and the ripening crops of Pennsylvania's farms. Union forces searched for them in vain, plodding north from Frederick, just east of this ridge. Hidden by the mountain range on which you stand, the Confederates marched just west of here through the Great Valley. The two armies collided at Gettysburg on July 1st, 1863, a historic battle and another Union victory. The Battle of Monocacy: In the line of fire yet again, Maryland was invaded a third time in July of 1864 when Confederate troops under General Jubal Early closed in on Washington. The only Union force in their way was a ragtag group of 2,300 men, most of whom had never seen battle. Commanded by General Lew Wallace, they spread out over 6 miles along the Monocacy River near Frederick, hoping to stall the Confederate army long enough for Washington to bolster its defenses. Though the Confederates won the battle, the fight cost precious time -- and spared the capital.
20. SNIPVC_160530_050.JPG: Nearby is CAMP DAVID, a presidential retreat since Franklin D. Roosevelt's administration, where leaders meet and make crucial decisions that shape our nation and world.
21. SNIPVC_160530_053.JPG: Freedom seekers on the UNDERGROUND RAILROAD crossed the Potomac River and traveled north through these mountains to reach freedom's border -- the Mason and Dixon Line.
22. SNIPVC_160530_056.JPG: THE HISTORIC NATIONAL ROAD -- "The Road that Built the Nation" -- parallels Interstate 70, connecting western settlements across the Appalachian Mountains with eastern ports since 1806.
23. SNIPVC_160530_060.JPG: Explore Maryland as the Crucible of the Nation Crisscrossed by transportation routes, home to America's earliest industries, and meeting place for national leaders, Maryland's Appalachian region has been pivotal in the growth of the country. Throughout its history, the nation has struggled with issues like independence, slavery and states' rights. Maryland -- situated between north and south and once the edge of the frontier -- became a critical crossroads and meeting ground for diverse ideas that would shape the country's character. From the courageous ordinary citizens who supported freedom on the Underground Railroad, to the extraordinary leaders who have converged here for historic presidential summits at Camp David, the region has witnessed American history at its most decisive. Discover these compelling stories with your byway map and free travel guides from the South Mountain Welcome Center. The Road That Built the Nation: This mountain range was once on the edge of wilderness, crossed only by American Indian trade routes. in the 18th century, General Edward Braddock and a young George Washington journeyed here to secure the frontier at Fort Frederick and beyond. As the nation pushed its boundary westward, the Appalachian Mountains provided to be a formidable obstacle. Washington envisioned a highway to open the west to trade and settlement, and in 1806 the National Road was authorized by Congress. The road soon became a lifeline for a young America, connecting the frontier to eastern cities like Cumberland and Baltimore and serving as gateway to the Atlantic and ports beyond. Although the wagon trains are long gone, the Historic National Road continues to serve travelers as a byway, paralleling interstate 70 and 68. A Historic National Road Map Guide, available in the welcome center, helps visitors journey through time. Race for the West: The National Road was not the only route across the mountains for long. The railroad and canal system were soon competing with the Road -- and with each other -- for profitable commerce. When the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal both broke ground on July 4, 1828, the race for the West was on. This race intensified nearby at Point of Rocks where the two competed for a critical right-of-way. The Brunswick Railroad Museum and the C&O Canal National Historical Park tell the story. In the end, the railroad eclipsed the canal as an efficient means of travel, but the automobile soon overshadowed them both. Network to Freedom: Until the Civil War ended slavery, Maryland was at the border with freedom in the North. Although Maryland was a slave-holding state, many courageous residents defied the institution by secretly assisting enslaved African Americans in their journey north. It is believed that some used the Underground Railroad, a network of sympathetic people and safe houses, to find their way along South Mountain's forested ridge, crossing the Mason and Dixon Line just 15 miles north of here. A Network to Freedom Map Guide helps visitors trace the heroic flight from slavery. The nearby Kennedy Farmhouse also played a role in the fight against slavery. Abolitionist John Brown used it as his headquarters while planning his 1859 raid on the Harpers Ferry arsenal that he hoped would arm slaves in their fight for freedom. The raid failed, but foretold the violence of the Civil War, which began sixteen months later.
24. SNIPVC_160530_070.JPG: The Road That Built the Nation: This mountain range was once on the edge of wilderness, crossed only by American Indian trade routes. in the 18th century, General Edward Braddock and a young George Washington journeyed here to secure the frontier at Fort Frederick and beyond. As the nation pushed its boundary westward, the Appalachian Mountains provided to be a formidable obstacle. Washington envisioned a highway to open the west to trade and settlement, and in 1806 the National Road was authorized by Congress. The road soon became a lifeline for a young America, connecting the frontier to eastern cities like Cumberland and Baltimore and serving as gateway to the Atlantic and ports beyond. Although the wagon trains are long gone, the Historic National Road continues to serve travelers as a byway, paralleling interstate 70 and 68. A Historic National Road Map Guide, available in the welcome center, helps visitors journey through time. Race for the West: The National Road was not the only route across the mountains for long. The railroad and canal system were soon competing with the Road -- and with each other -- for profitable commerce. When the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal both broke ground on July 4, 1828, the race for the West was on. This race intensified nearby at Point of Rocks where the two competed for a critical right-of-way. The Brunswick Railroad Museum and the C&O Canal National Historical Park tell the story. In the end, the railroad eclipsed the canal as an efficient means of travel, but the automobile soon overshadowed them both. Network to Freedom: Until the Civil War ended slavery, Maryland was at the border with freedom in the North. Although Maryland was a slave-holding state, many courageous residents defied the institution by secretly assisting enslaved African Americans in their journey north. It is believed that some used the Underground Railroad, a network of sympathetic people and safe houses, to find their way along South Mountain's forested ridge, crossing the Mason and Dixon Line just 15 miles north of here. A Network to Freedom Map Guide helps visitors trace the heroic flight from slavery. The nearby Kennedy Farmhouse also played a role in the fight against slavery. Abolitionist John Brown used it as his headquarters while planning his 1859 raid on the Harpers Ferry arsenal that he hoped would arm slaves in their fight for freedom. The raid failed, but foretold the violence of the Civil War, which began sixteen months later.
25. SNIPVC_160530_074.JPG: WASHINGTON COUNTY features 24 graceful stone-arch bridges. Burnside Bridge was a major site of Civil War action.
26. SNIPVC_160530_079.JPG: THE APPALACHIAN NATIONAL SCENIC TRAIL follows the crests of South Maintain, offering spectacular hiking from Maine to Georgia.
27. SNIPVC_160530_097.JPG: The 184-mile C&O CANAL, where mule-drawn barges once lumbered alongside the Potomac River, provides a serene waterway for paddling, and a towpath for hiking, biking, and horseback riding.
28. SNIPVC_160530_111.JPG: Report Human Trafficking: National Human Trafficking Resource Center 1-888-3737-888 Call for help if you or someone you know: * Is being forced to have sex without consent. * Has had an ID or documents taken away * Is being threatened by or is in debt to an employer * Wants to leave a job but cannot freely do so
29. SNIPVC_160530_113.JPG: This is the area where the snipers had been picked up years before
30. SNIPVC_120203_02.JPG: The following pictures are from the page 2012_MD_SniperVC MD -- South Mountain Welcome Center (where Beltway snipers were arrested) (16 photos from 2012)
31. SNIPVC_120203_19.JPG: THE BATTLE OF ANTIETAM, fought fourteen miles from here on September 17, 1862, was a pivotal Union victory, encouraging President Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation.
32. SNIPVC_120203_29.JPG: Freedom seekers on the UNDERGROUND RAILROAD crossed the Potomac River and traveled north through these mountains to reach freedom's border -- the Mason and Dixon Line.
33. SNIPVC_120203_30.JPG: THE HISTORIC NATIONAL ROAD -- "The Road that Built the Nation" -- parallels Interstate 70, connecting western settlements across the Appalachian Mountains with eastern ports since 1806.
34. SNIPVC_120203_37.JPG: FREDERICK COUNTY is home to three historic covered bridges. Each has its own unique design in a photogenic setting. WASHINGTON COUNTY features 24 graceful stone-arch bridges. Burnside Bridge was a major site of Civil War action.
35. SNIPVC_120203_38.JPG: THE APPALACHIAN NATIONAL SCENIC TRAIL follows the crests of South Maintain, offering spectacular hiking from Maine to Georgia.
36. SNIPVC_120203_45.JPG: The 184-mile C&O CANAL, where mule-drawn barges once lumbered alongside the Potomac River, provides a serene waterway for paddling, and a towpath for hiking, biking, and horseback riding.
37. SNIPVC_080203_04.JPG: This corner of the parking lot was where the snipers were arrested
38. SNIPVC_080121_07.JPG: The following pictures are from the page 2008_MD_SniperVC MD -- South Mountain Welcome Center (where Beltway snipers were arrested) (9 photos from 2008)
39. SNIPVC_080121_13.JPG: This was where the sniper car was parked when it was discovered
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Description of Subject Matter: I took pictures of this both for historical reasons and because they said the whole place was going to be torn down and rebuilt beginning in April 2008. Not because of the sniper but because they had needed to upgrade for handicap accessibility etc.

Contemporary pictures of the scene are on the FBI site at http://www.fbi.gov/page2/oct07/snipers102207.html
Wikipedia Description: Beltway sniper attacks
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Beltway sniper attacks took place during three weeks in October 2002 in the Mid-Atlantic United States. As ten people were killed and three others critically injured in and around Washington, D.C., in various locations throughout the Baltimore-Washington Metropolitan Area and along Interstate 95 in Virginia, it was widely speculated that a single sniper was using the Capital Beltway for travel, possibly in a white van or truck. It was later learned that the rampage was perpetrated by two men, John Allen Muhammad and Lee Boyd Malvo, driving a blue Chevrolet Caprice sedan, and had apparently begun the month before with murders and robbery in Louisiana, Alabama, and Georgia which had resulted in three deaths. An earlier spree for which the pair was responsible had killed victims in California, Arizona, and Texas, for a total of 16 deaths identified as of March 2007.

Snipers:

Authorities initially attributed the attacks to a lone sniper, dubbed by journalists the "Beltway Sniper," the "D.C. Sniper," the "Washington Sniper," the "Serial Sniper" or the "Tarot Card Killer."

After their capture, there was much confusion about the names of the two men. The older of the pair, born John Allen Williams (age 41 at the time of capture), had joined the Black nationalist organization the Nation of Islam some years earlier, and in October 2001 had changed his name to John Allen Muhammad. The younger man was born Lee Boyd Malvo, but also calls himself John Lee Malvo and had posed as Muhammad's son (17 years old at the time of his arrest). Malvo's actual relationship with Muhammad was initially unclear, although it was later learned that Malvo was found by John in a homeless shelter after John lost custody of his children.

The two men practiced shooting in the backyard of the 3300 block of South Proctor Street in Tacoma, Washington, according to investigators, and studied the film Savior, produced by Oliv ...More...
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